Dividend or Disaster
Collecting the Dividend
The size of the opportunity can best be
understood if we look at the experience of
other countries that have benefited from a
dynamic, youthful population.
Economists have been studying the growing
pains of 'young countries' since the 1990s,
when East Asia experienced its economic
'miracle'. According to Harvard University's
David Bloom, East Asia's boom countries
collected a substantial 'demographic
dividend' as its youthful generation reached
maturity.
“The East Asian economies had huge
numbers of new workers entering the labour
market,” Bloom argues. “It was a shot in the
arm for economic growth. We calculate that
as much as one-third of the growth in their
boom years was the direct result of the
favourable hand their age structure had dealt
them.”45
So what shapes the demographic dividend?
The seed is better health. The twentieth
century saw an extraordinary transformation
in health standards. In 1900, people lived
only a little longer than they had throughout
human history. By the end of the century,
however, global life expectancy had doubled
to around 70 years of age.46 The biggest
change was for babies and young children.
Parents found that many more of their
children were living to become adults. As a
result, the world's population began to shoot
up.
But this was just the start of a fundamental
'demographic transition', as, in country after
country, family sizes started to drop. As soon
as parents felt they had sufficient security to
plan for the future, most wanted to invest
more resources in fewer children. In time,
therefore, national populations have tended
to stabilise – but not before a huge 'baby
boom' generation has been born.
Baby boomers are responsible for delivering
the demographic dividend. When they are
young, they place a great strain on the
country's health and education systems, but
as they reach adulthood, the workforce
swells. With fewer children to care for,
women are also more likely to work. The
longer people expect to live, the more they
are likely to save for old age, which in turn
offers an economic boost. In smaller families,
meanwhile, children are likely to receive a
better education.
Part of the impact comes from changing
attitudes. Youthful idealism and energy drive
change. More prosperous societies invest
more in the future, which in turn creates the
conditions for future prosperity and growth.
Citizens begin to believe in a better future,
causing them to act in ways which make that
future possible. They become less tolerant of
unstable and ineffective political and social
systems, and demand institutions capable of
looking after their interests over the long
term.
Being an agricultural country,
we don't need any additional
loans as is. Eliminate corruption
in the Military & Governmental
institutions across the country.
Also eliminating the feudal
mentality by making these land
lords an example by taxing
agricultural land owners.
Arsalan Bobby Khan
20
Dividend or Disaster
The Cost of Failure
The dividend doesn't come for free. It has to
be earned. A country needs to educate its
children and make sure they are healthy; find
them jobs as they get older and provide Dividend or Disaster
them with opportunities to save; and offer
them ways of expressing their desire for
social and political change. Dividend Disaster
If these avenues are blocked, not only will an
opportunity be missed, but young people's Economic growth
n Spiral of poverty
n
frustration can prove destructive. As David
Bloom argued, “it's no good turning out Increased savings
n Crime
n
educated people if they can't find work.
Nothing is more likely to breed unrest than Investment in children
n Conflict
n
armies of under-employed young people.”
While prosperity must be built patiently over Social transformation
n A crippled next generation
n
decades, conflict can destroy hard-fought
development gains in months.
Figure 12 – The Demographic Dividend
Countries who fail to collect their dividend
thus risk a 'demographic disaster' (figure 12).
The top ten countries in the Fund for Peace's
Failed States Index all have proportions of urbanisation is another risk factor, while
young people that are higher than the under-developed democracies are also more
average developing country. 47 likely to be destabilised than autocracies or
countries with strong democratic
Henrik Urdal, from the International Peace institutions.
Research Institute, highlights the risks run by
young countries if they fail their young So how is Pakistan positioned? Will our next
people.48 Urdal has found that countries with generation deliver a demographic dividend?
large numbers of 15-24 year olds have Or is a demographic disaster more likely?
substantially increased chances of A proper youth policy should
be that should be
experiencing conflict.
concentrating on the youth
only. As I said earlier, a equal
and affordable education
Education, on its own, does not necessarily system, opportunities for
help. Indeed, countries that expand their sports and vocational
education is a must.
higher education systems may find Ayesha Khan
themselves at greater risk of unrest if their
graduates are unable to find work. Rapid
21
Dividend or Disaster Dividend or Disaster

How is Pakistan Doing?

Pakistan is mid-way through its demographic in Balochistan and North-West Frontier The economic loss, we believe, is
transition. Province. 53 The country is not on track to considerable. In research conducted for this
meet its Millennium Development Goal
In 1950, life expectancy was around 45 years pledges of reducing child mortality by two-
of age, while one in seven babies would fail thirds and maternal mortality by three-
to survive the first year of their life. Today, life quarters between 1990 and 2015.54
expectancy is around 63 years of age and
infant mortality has halved, although it Educational performance, meanwhile, is
remains above average even for a low- scandalously low. Less than 40% of young
income country. 49 people are enrolled in school, compared to
the South Asian average of 58%. 55
As expected, women are having fewer
children. In 1950, each had an average of six UNESCO has forecast that by 2015, 3.7
to seven children. The fertility rate is now million Pakistani children will be out-of-
around 3.7 children per woman, but again school, with enrolment rates among girls
this is relatively high when compared to much lower than those among boys.56 With
other countries in South Asia, where the only half of Pakistani children currently
average is now well below 3. 50

The demographic transition has stalled, in

other words, and will not be completed until
the birth rate falls far enough for the
country's population to stabilise.
Courtesy : Fayyaz Ahmad
attending primary school, extraordinary
steps will be needed if the country is to
achieve its Millennium Development Goal of
Releasing the
available around 1990, but the window will
universal primary education by 2015. 57

Even children in school are not getting any

Pakistan passed a milestone in 1980. In that
year, the proportion of adults in the
population dropped to its lowest level. These
adults were confronted with the task of
caring for huge numbers of children (and a
relatively small number of old people). 51
Since then, the 'dependency ratio' has
steadily declined and it will continue to do so
until at least the middle of the century, at
which time growing numbers of baby
boomers will be hitting retirement. This,
then, is the country's window of opportunity.
According to Durr-e-Nayab, of the Pakistan
Institute of Development Economics (PIDE),
the demographic dividend first became
close by 2045.52
Due to a lack of proper planning, she argues,
nearly twenty years of the dividend have
already been wasted. “Time is running out to
put appropriate policies in place,” she warns,
“the absence of which may result in large-
scale unemployment and immense pressure
on health and education systems. In short, a
socio-economic crisis may take place,
making the demographic dividend more of a
demographic threat.”
The failure to collect the demographic
dividend has many causes. Health standards
are still too low, while access to healthcare is
unevenly distributed, and particularly weak
quality education. A survey in Punjab, for
example, found that over two-thirds of grade
3 students were unable to either write a
sentence in Urdu or perform simple maths.58
Other studies have found a serious lack of
facilities in schools, including textbooks,
Coming to think of it the desks and blackboards.59
government cannot do
anything. What example are
they and their corrupt The implications are frightening in a world
motives serving the youth? where growth industries demand steadily
When the corruption as
increasing skills. As Durr-e-Nayab argues, “A
quoted by transparency
international has increased country like Pakistan that is yet to solve its
by over 200% in 2 years ,
primary schooling issues can at best have
what can we expect of them
except plundering what is some patches of success but not expect to
left of our nation. take full advantage of what the demographic
Syed Ali Shehryar
dividend has to offer.” 60
22
Dividend
Demographic challenges place Pakistan at a
crossroads. Action taken today will have an
impact for a generation or more. Conversely,
the country will reap the consequences of
failure for decades to come.
Racism is a most common
An overriding priority must be to expand factor in our Country.. If i
access to education. The experience of other belong from pakton a
Punjabi will not support
countries shows that rapid progress is me in any condition . A
possible, given political will, adequate Big problem
Ahmed
funding, and effective delivery.
In India, when the New Education Policy was
introduced in 1986, half of all children did 23
Dividend or Disaster
not attend primary school. Less than a
quarter of a century later, that figure has
fallen below 15%.62 Progress has been
especially rapid since 2001, with 20 million
extra school places provided. Education's
gender gap has also narrowed considerably
with almost as many girls as boys receiving at
least basic schooling. 63
If Pakistan could expand access to basic
education at the same rate as India and other
countries have done, at least 4 million more
children would be in school by 2020.
The government is now committed to
increasing expenditure on education to 7%
of GDP by 2015, through its new National
Education Policy (this is slightly higher than
India's target of 6% GDP).64 As the Ministry of
Education struggles to spend its current
funding allocation, however, this goal will
not be met unless capacity for delivery
improves dramatically.
At present, the educational system is failing
at all levels. Tellingly, there are now over
twelve thousand 'ghost schools' which
provide no education at all. According to
Zubeida Mustafa, “There are schools in the
rural areas where teachers don't show up for
months at a time or they outsource their job
to people who know nothing, which drives
away the children.” 65 Everyone has direct or
indirect experience of similar stories.
Educational reform, therefore, must be as
much about delivering quality education as
about improving the quantity of school
places on offer. Research shows that
something as simple as having a teacher
who lives in the village where he or she
teaches has a significant impact on primary
school enrolment.66 Parents want to send
their children to be educated by people they
trust to do a good job. They want results that
will have a significant impact on their child's
future prospects.
Education creates demand for more
education, as parents and students realise its
growing value in an increasingly competitive
world. For this reason, standards of provision
need to be improved throughout the
educational system, from primary to tertiary
levels.
Investment in education should be part of a
broader effort to put women and families at
the heart of the political agenda. Pakistan
ranks 127th out of 130 countries on the
Global Gender Index and has fallen fifteen
places down the index since 2006.67 Only a
third of adult women are literate, while just
14% of women participate in the labour
force.
Not only is this a drag on the economy, it
damages the prospects of future
generations. Well-educated women, living
secure and fulfilled lives, pass on their good
fortune to their children. They are also likely
to invest more time, energy and resources in
a smaller family, thus helping the county
stabilise its population. At present, in
contrast, too many families are stuck in a self-
reinforcing cycle of ill health, deficient
education and poverty – a plight that is
exacerbated by conflict and violence,
corruption and feudalism, a lack of natural
Give them open ground
and free wind to breath
Syed Waseem Raza
24
Dividend or Disaster
resources, and natural disaster.
To a certain extent, policies must be
specifically tailored to the needs of women, Capturing the dividend
asserting their human rights, protecting
them from violence, providing them with
access to health, education, and other
services, and increasing their economic Expand and improve education
empowerment.
Even more important, however, is to ensure Develop and implement policies for
that all policies are designed to meet the women and families
needs of women and families as part of a
sustained effort to increase investment in
social and human capital. Labour market reforms to promote
The new focus on social protection is fairness and stability
especially welcome. As the government has
accepted, because the challenges facing
disadvantaged families are so entrenched, “it
is, therefore, important to address primary Figure 13 – Capturing the divident
needs via social protection, while
simultaneously focusing on the mechanisms
that ensure the exit from absolute poverty is
permanent for the majority of the vulnerable
and a large proportion of the chronically out of 133 countries on the latest Global
poor.”68 Competitiveness Index, with investors most
Investment in human capital will only pay
dividends if there are simultaneous increases
in the number and quality of employment
opportunities for young people (figure 13). Private sector should be
The government has set a target of assigned enhanced role in
implementation of newly
expanding the labour market by a minimum
approval National Youth
of 6.3% per year over the next ten years – Policy so that maximum
youngsters could benefit
that's at least 36 million new jobs in just a from this policy.
decade. 69 Muhammad Adyan
Change on this scale will not be delivered
without radical reform. Pakistan ranks 101 25
Dividend or Disaster Dividend or Disaster

Catching Up when governments change. Effective

cooperation between the federal, provincial
and district governments will be needed.
Only by building a non-partisan movement
can the needs of the next generation be truly
met.
As this chapter has shown, Pakistan is
currently struggling to keep up with the Third, young people have a right to a level
challenges posed by a growing population. playing field.
Urgent action is now needed to make up lost
ground. This demands a new approach with At present, discrimination and corruption
four elements. hamper too many people's prospects. Legal
changes to ensure gender and racial equality
First, policy makers need to start planning for and to stamp out graft are part of the
the long term. solution. Such measures should apply in
schools, the workplace, government bodies
The youth surge will last decades, not years, and public services such as the health system
and solving its problems is not an overnight and courts. Creating outlets where those
task. The country needs a long term vision who feel discriminated against can express
that sets in place multi-year policy priorities their grievances and agitate for change,
to accommodate the needs of its rapidly including encouraging effective civil society
growing population. In the current activism, is also important.
environment, security concerns naturally
make it easier to think short rather than long Finally, young people themselves must be the
term – a myopic perspective that, sadly, is driver for change. Courtesy : Fayyaz Ahmad

enthusiastically endorsed by the

international community. Only by Every day, the spread of new technology is
articulating a farsighted vision can leaders making it easier for people to communicate
help pull Pakistan through this turbulent with each other, empowering the young and
period. giving them new opportunities to champion
social change. The next generation should be
Government should provide
Second, Pakistan must start to build a primary engine for reform. By tapping its the windows for the
momentum behind a national mission for Youth of today is lacking ideas, energy and enthusiasm, the country as engagement of the youth in
direction and even if they do the decision making process.
change. have it no one is taking a whole can make sure it is prepared for the No decision about us,
chance to trust them. This growing challenges of the twenty-first without us. Private/Civil
attitude should be changed. Sector: Opportunities like
The future will be bright only if Pakistani Baroosh Ahsan
century. Model Parliaments,
society is united in its commitment to Assemblies and role-playing.
Wajahat Nasser
reforms that will take a decade or more to
yield results. Consensus needs to be built
across political parties, allowing continuity 26 27
Making a Difference
Transforming the lives of the Next Generation

4
CHAPTER
Making a Difference
Transforming the lives of the Next Generation

When it comes to Pakistan's next generation,

one size does not fit all. Young people live
diverse lives; their ambitions, needs and
problems are far from uniform; and they have “During the election everyone
a multitude of assets to contribute to society. is gathered here, all are seen
here. Afterwards, nobody is
even seen here.”
We have therefore used our survey data to Frustrated Farmers
identify five key groups of young Pakistanis.
These groups are not set in stone: others
could have been identified. Nor is this Who they are What they need
intended to be comprehensive typology, Rural youth Education and security
covering all members of the next generation. Uneducated, poor farmers An agricultural revolution –
Moreover, many people will belong to more Pessimistic but powerless training, infrastructure, land
than one group, while demands, problems Cut off from mainstream reform
and potential solutions overlap between society, many turning to Islam
groups. That said, we hope that by
considering solutions through these different
lenses, policies will be better targeted and
tailored to young people's needs.

We therefore look at each group in turn, and

ask what measures would make the most
difference to their lives. What skills and
preparation do they need? How can the
Frustrated Farmers
opportunities they enjoy be expanded? And
which changes to their environment will help
them prosper?
We start with Pakistan's army of marginalised
rural youth, who are massively
We also focus on how young people can be
disadvantaged and face huge obstacles in all
enabled to participate in generating their
aspects of their lives.
own solutions. We know that if everything is
left to the government, change will be very
Members of this group can be found They must do everything
slow.
throughout Pakistan's countryside, and they are not doing currently
and must not do anything of
especially in the poorest provinces such as what they currently are
A renaissance must be driven from the
Balochistan and North-West Frontier doing!
grassroots – one that involves young people Uzair Javed
Province. In some ways, they live an
in shaping the country's future to achieve
existence similar to that of their parents and
lasting, long term change.
grandparents, but in recent years they have
been confronted by modernity, as television 28
Making a Difference
and radio have awakened them to the
injustices they face and the possibilities of a
different life.
These young people are largely uneducated,
often illiterate, and work in low-paid
agricultural jobs or are unemployed. They are
frustrated with the government and
thoroughly disenchanted by mainstream
politics. As a young man told us, “politicians
indulge in extravagance and enjoy
themselves and do not bother about the
public's grievances as they do not affect
them.” Many hope that a stricter application
of Islamic law will bring Pakistan a brighter
future.
On the whole, this group is surprisingly
egalitarian. Its members believe society is
unfair and that it discriminates against
women, the young and the poor. They
believe society's treatment of ethnic
minorities is unjust. They are very pessimistic
about Pakistan's current plight, but feel
powerless to change things.
Pakistan's rural youth, however, have not
given up hope. They are keen to generate
solutions to their problems. Fortunately,
global trends present them with a potential
opportunity. As climate change, population
growth and energy scarcity force up the price
of food, farmers have the chance to
capitalise. The country's potential as a food
producer has already been recognised by
foreign countries such as the United Arab
Emirates, which have attempted to lease
Pakistan's arable land to fulfil their future
food requirements. If young people can be
engaged in reinvigorating the countryside,
Courtesy : Fayyaz Ahmad
regions like Balochistan will thrive and their
young people will live productive, dignified
lives.
Such engagement should be started by
listening to marginalised young rural
dwellers' demands. Security is an important
concern in NWFP and parts of Balochistan. In
most rural areas, where many young people
currently lack any form of education,
nurturing the skills needed to develop
modern agriculture is likely to be high on
their list.
Further measures to bring farming into the
twenty-first century might include improved
irrigation and transport infrastructure, and
possibly microfinance programmes to allow
young would-be farmers to invest in seeds,
fertiliser and land. Measures to reform the
feudal land system, moreover, will both help
If u can...give us a good
atmosphere to study n
practice...give us world class
education in pakistan or
abroad.....or kill us...
Adil Ayub
29
young people gain fair reward for their
efforts and allow them to create jobs for their
peers.
Given the limitations of the central
government in connecting with the
provinces, promoting self-reliance in rural
areas is key to the latter's progress.
Urban Strivers
Young people in urban areas form the
second of our groups. Many of them have
recently moved to towns and cities from rural
areas and are working hard to get on the
ladder to prosperity.
Most of this group are men, though there are
some women venturing out into the labour
market. They are in a highly insecure
position. For them, the future could go either
way, towards rising prosperity or a lifetime of
struggle and frustration. Much will depend
on factors beyond their control, including the
global economy, food and energy prices, and
the national and regional security situation.
The urban strivers' main concern is
employment. Already at working-age, they
need rapid remedial action to ensure that
they can move into long term, fruitful jobs.
They are painfully aware that job creation is
failing to keep pace with the growth of the
working-age population – as one young man
Making a Difference
“The environment these days
is very bad. Above all there are no
jobs. Everything is getting
expensive. The poor man cannot
exist now – his life has become
Urban Strivers very difficult”
Who they are What they need
Young urban dwellers Vocational training
on the edge Labour market reform
Facing an insecure future
Desperate for jobs
Measures to fight corruption
and discrimination
Infrastructure improvements
Jobs in public works projects
in Karachi said, “if there are forty jobs there
are six hundred candidates.” Nepotism and
corruption, meanwhile, mean the playing
field is far from level for the few jobs that do
exist.
Job creation will rely on quite dramatic
reforms to education and the labour market.
Vocational training should be provided to
those who do not feel their skills are suited to
today's economy. Labour market reforms
Forums and promoting of
should encourage people to set up their own student exchange so that an
exchange of cultures can be
businesses and make life easier for them
witnessed and create a field
once they are up and running. for next generation "MADE
IN PAKISTAN" market
globally
Addressing corruption and discrimination, Syed Hussain Raza Moosavi
for example, through more transparent
government contracts and more effective
enforcement of anti-corruption and anti- 30
Making a Difference
discrimination laws, will also help strengthen
the business environment and assuage the
frustrations of those young urbanites who
believe that only the powerful are given a fair
deal.
Business also requires robust infrastructure.
Pakistan suffers greatly from electricity
shortages, breakdowns in communication
systems and other infrastructure problems.
These are a serious impediment to business,
and therefore to job creation. However, aid
money could be used to rebuild
infrastructure, with young urban strivers
employed as the labour to put it in place.
Public works projects are a common tool of
governments whose countries are in bad
economic straits – in the case of Pakistan,
they could create a virtuous spiral where
they employ large numbers of young
urbanites and the fruits of their labour would
benefit other jobseekers by strengthening
the business environment.
The Insecure
Rich
More fortunate than the urban strivers are
Pakistan's insecure rich. Well educated,
wealthy, with their careers currently on the
right track, this group forms the elite of
society, from which its future leaders will be
drawn.
The Insecure Rich
Who they are What they need
Wealthy, well educated elites Opportunities to lead
Future leaders Forums for debate
Politically engaged Platforms for action
Worried about the future Security
However, although they are in a better
position than most of their peers, these
privileged young Pakistanis are less
confident than elites in more stable
countries. Both men and women are
extremely worried about political instability
and security, and concerned about the state
of democracy. They are fearful that if their
country continues on its current path, their
promising futures will be stifled.
More than any of our other groups, the
insecure rich are politically engaged. They
follow national and international political
events and have the skills and knowledge
needed to help rectify matters. They are
likely to be the leaders who drive economic
reform and social change, if they are given
the chance.
“We can’t say that if we are
going out of our homes in the
morning we will come back safe
and sound or not.”
Apart from sympathy and
disrespect? Recognition,
Respect and Tolerence!
Rabia Kiyani
31
Making a Difference
As with all our young people, however, these
future leaders lack opportunities to trigger “Narowal is a small town with
change. They are frustrated with and cut off petty minds. People do not allow
girls to leave the house”
from political machinations and do not feel
completely in control of their careers. If the
country's elder generations do not listen to
Stay-at-home Women
them or involve them in planning and
implementing reforms, their potential will be Who they are What they need
wasted. New opportunities for economic, Married women from middle Reproductive health services
social and political entrepreneurship and lower socioeconomic Universal primary education
therefore need to be created, unleashing the classes Lifelong learning
next generation of leaders and using them to Mothers opportunities
harness and focus the energy of their peers. Not in work, not well educated Participation in family and
Not involved in society, but community decisions
Emerging entrepreneurs will need support fearful for their children’s Gender work with men
through the global economic downturn, and future
financial support to explore opportunities in
growth areas such as green technology and
services. In the social sphere, they need to be
at the forefront of regenerating civil society.
And it is time to start promoting a new
generation of political leaders, looking to children. Few of them have received much of
them to generate interest and involvement an education and few participate in work.
in the political system among a wider
Pakistani youth.
Stay-at-home The next generation, expects
a lot after reading the history
Women
of PAKISTAN. There should
be young PRO, INTER and
BASIC political groups and
summits after every 6
months where the new era
can share their knowledge
and their words freely
without the fear of getting
silenced.
Our fourth group consists of married women Rabia
from all but the highest social classes. Most
of these women are housewives with 32
Making a Difference Making a Difference

Optimistic Patriots
believe women have a role to play in public Our final group is an anomaly compared to
life, and efforts must be made to alter these the others. It consists of the few Pakistanis
perceptions. Negative family attitudes who believe there is little wrong with the
towards girls' schooling are the main reason country. Fiercely patriotic, they see it as “Pakistanis are not terrorists,
why girls in our survey do not attend school, heading in the right direction and are are not corrupt always, and are
for example, with one man arguing that adamant that it is the best place to live in the respectable and honourable
world (very few of them want to study people”
“there is no point women studying since they
abroad, moreover). They believe the country
Optimistic Patriots
will not work.”
is unique and that solutions imposed from
Many women, meanwhile, complain how outside are not applicable or useful. Who they are What they need
'eve teasing' deters them from going outside Lower middle class Investment in secondary and
and participating in the public sphere. Work Questioned about the problems many others
Fiercely patriotic vocational education
with men has proven effective in other see as plaguing Pakistan, this group bristles –
See Pakistan as victim Participation in improving
developing countries in reducing they believe foreigners, and much of the
Resentful of foreign services
discrimination against women, and it has the national media, have a bias against the
interference
potential to improve both men's and country and that its image overseas as a
women's lives in Pakistan. home for terrorists and chaos is unjustified.

“We are not terrorists,” said one young

Courtesy : Kinnaird College Students
Pakistan could be
prosperous unless and
untill there should be
less islamicphobia and
anti-fundamentalist
activities.
Sana
respondent to the open source survey, “but
our enemies want to paint us as terrorists.”
Another claimed that “extremists are only 1%
or even less of the total population of the
country.”
Many members of this group hail from the
lower middle classes. They are small
businessmen, shopkeepers and agricultural
workers. Many are self-employed. Those in
urban areas have been educated to primary
or lower secondary level, while those in rural
areas have had only the bare bones of an
education at best.
These optimists (who tend to be towards the
younger end of our target group) are much
more likely than other groups to believe that
things in Pakistan are improving. They have
situation is denying them career
opportunities, and do not see religious
extremism or even Al Qaeda and the Taliban
as serious problems.
The Patriots' optimism and pride in their
country mark a rare note of positivity among
those we spoke to. Pakistan would benefit
from harnessing this spirit to help improve
They must do hard work as
conditions among the wider society. These quaid e azam mohammed ali
lower middle class groups are concerned jinnah did in his life. do what
about educational quality, and will have their ever they can do for their
beloved country and always
convictions reinforced rather than weakened
say truth and always keep
if the education system for their children there mind united among
themselves nd keep there
improves and if vocational training for adults country clean and green –
becomes more widespread. Suleman Shafi Batla

more faith in the government than others.

33 They do not feel strongly that the current In addition, involving them in improving 34
Making a Difference

education and other services in their

communities is likely to bring benefits both
in terms of enhanced service quality and
strengthening their already strong sense of
civic responsibility.

Bringing It
Together
“What we have in this country is no merit, no
justice, no [provision of ] basic needs,” one
young man from NFWP told us. “What is the Courtesy : Kinnaird College Students
youth to do when even simple electricity
cannot be provided?”
they continue. “They will need to realise their
This quote sums up the frustration felt by responsibility to their country and be honest
most young people (with our Optimistic in making right decisions to improve the
Patriots a notable exception) – a frustration country they inhabit. Perseverance and
that one describes as a 'monster' corroding sincerity will be the hardest principles they
the soul of the generation. will need to grasp and hold on to.”

“The future generation will be confronting
more challenges than any generation before
them,” writes a young medical student.
“Economic, social and political scenarios are
going to worsen and the country is going to
plunge deeper into turmoil. Corruption,
joblessness and war have discouraged the
youth almost to a point of no return.”
“The biggest challenge is not going to be
external but one within the Pakistani youth,”
From all sections of society, young people
are eager to be part of building a stronger
Pakistan. They want to be involved in
identifying and implementing policies that
will help them fulfil their potential, and bring
wider benefit to the country they love.
So how do we harness their energy? We turn
to this question in the final chapter of the
Next Generation report.
The youth are the leaders of
tomorrow, what they dream
today will become the reality
for Pakistan tomorrow, so it
is important that they dream
and work to provide a better
Pakistan for the next
generations. They can work
by reaffirming the goals and
the ideologies with which
Pakistan was formed.
Wajahat Nassar
35
The Greatest Generation?
Tapping the potential of the young

5
CHAPTER
The Greatest Generation?
Tapping the potential of the young

Any country that thrives does so by

harnessing the energy of its young. This is
especially true when the population is
growing as fast as Pakistan's. Leaders cannot
simply try and make reform happen for
young people – the next generation itself
must drive the changes that will bring great
benefits to the whole nation.

Our report therefore concludes by asking

what the next generation itself believes must
be done to enable it to realise its potential.
Who should take responsibility for
developing, designing and implementing
new policies and approaches? And how can
young people themselves help create a
better future for Pakistan?

To answer these questions, we ran an open

consultation with young people from across
the country. The aim was not to duplicate the
Nielsen research, which surveyed in a
systematic way the views of a nationally
representative sample. Instead, we wanted to
open up a channel through which young
leaders could contribute their policy ideas
and suggestions directly to the Next
Generation research.

The response was extraordinary. We received

a flood of written submissions – over twelve
hundred in all – most of which showed great
quality, detail and insight. Contributions
came primarily from young professionals
(people working in medicine, engineering,
law, IT, accountancy, banking and similar
jobs) and from students.
Figure 14 – Word cloud from the Next Generation
consultation (based on 1212 responses).
If the ppl of this generation
would quit drugs and
smoking, our next
generation would
automatically become more
involved in creating a more
a unique picture of the ideas and aspirations prosperous Pakistan?
of the next generation (see figure 14). Samreen

In total, nearly 200,000 words were

submitted (or 800 pages of text) – providing 36
The Greatest Generation?
Can Government Lead?
When respondents were asked to propose
concrete steps to release the next
generation's potential, they clustered around
three policy areas.
In education, there is strong support for
investment in infrastructure and the
development of a modern, standardised
curriculum.
To improve employment opportunities,
respondents want to see a move towards a
more entrepreneurial, meritocratic economic
system, with aggressive action taken to
counter nepotism.
And third, concerted efforts are needed to
address resource scarcity, with investment in
alternative energy, better management of
natural resources, and a programme to bring
agricultural productivity up to standard.
Young people are, however, highly sceptical
that governments can deliver their promises
to the next generation. Education is
overwhelmingly seen as the most important
priority, but the failure of successive reforms
is seen as reflecting deep divides in society.
Elites buy a high quality education for their
children, while those from lower income
families are left unprepared in an
increasingly competitive world. Leaders
simply pay lip service to the need for
education for all. “Education policy has
always been a challenge for every generation
of Pakistan since independence,” wrote one
respondent. “Today the challenge is still
there. We have not provided a standard and
comprehensive education system. The
Courtesy : British Council, Lahore Office
curriculum should reflect the needs of the
modern era, moral and ethical values.”
Young Pakistanis feel similarly frustrated
when they discuss the government's
economic policies, or its attempts to tackle
food, energy, water and other resource
shortages. Successive governments have
failed to respond effectively to these
challenges, and it is hard to see why this one
(or the next) should be any different.
“The next generation of Pakistan has its
dreams and ambitions hijacked by ugly
political reality,” one student told us, listing
rampant terrorism, ongoing suicide attacks,
military conflict, external interference from
the West, and deficits in basic human rights
among the litany of challenges plaguing a
This goal can only be
achieved by giving
participation to the youth in
the affairs of their own
homeland. The country has
to move from personalized
decision-making to more
broad-based set-ups. Once
the youth would have stakes
and a share of responsibility
in a thriving Pakistan, they
would put in their best in
this regard.
Amer Rizwan
37
younger generation who are not even secure
in their own homes.
“With soaring inflation and failed political
and economic systems, government remains
in the state of denial,” she concludes, “In
these conditions its very difficult for the
youth of Pakistan to be the change which
they want to see tomorrow.”
Let Down by
the World
There is also considerable anger at the role
the international community has played in
Pakistan. “The war on terror and the
corresponding instability in the country has
gone a long way to isolate the Pakistani
youth from the rest of the world,” notes one
respondent. “Stop treating us like an
uncivilised bunch of hooligans who don't
know anything,” writes another.
Young people feel they are stereotyped by
the rest of the world; identified either as
terrorists, or corrupt, or both. Western
governments are criticised for having
focused too heavily on security, rather than
considering broader development issues.
Respondents feel they have also failed to
The Greatest Generation?
recognise their own responsibility for
destabilising Pakistan. Some believe it is time
to end foreign interference. “We should fight
foreign (US, British, and other) dominance in
Pakistan,” writes an accountancy student,
“and fight implementation of their wills in
Pakistan.”
In spite of these sentiments, there is also an
immense hunger for greater international
links, with young people desperate to build
relationships with other countries, and to
access educational opportunities abroad. In
the words of one respondent, the
international community should enlist a new
generation in “cultural programs to promote
Pakistani culture and build a better image in
the world.”
Many others share this desire to be part of
rebuilding their country's image abroad.
Foreigners, they argue – and especially the
British and Americans – should revisit their
prejudices, and explore the much more
complex realities of life in Pakistan.
Other respondents focus on the idea that
international exposure will have a highly
beneficial impact on young people
themselves, expanding horizons, broadening
understanding of the modern world, and
allowing young Pakistanis to learn from their Mainly by combating
peers. “Any such programs will promote poverty. Because when a
family is facing hunger it
interactions and exchanges between other doesn't matter which kind
cultures of the world, thus encouraging open of marketing technique we
are using they don't care
dialogue and positive exchange of ideas, about it.
thinking and perception with other youth Beenish Wasay
across the world.”
38
The Greatest Generation?
There is also the potential for building global
networks that will help the next generation
meet its potential.
“Our youth policymakers and youth
organizations need to be provided with more
opportunities to learn from youth-related
activities in the developed world,” writes a
PhD student. “More interactions with youth
movements will enhance the quality of youth
advocacy in Pakistan.”
Rebuilding
Trust
Investment in the next generation needs to
start from the earliest years, with the
provision of health, education, security and
other vital services. These should be seen as
the basic human rights of a young citizen.
The government then needs to regain the
trust of its young people, through more
effective interaction with them in their
various roles – as students in secondary and
higher education; workers; parents of their
own children; and citizens on whose
approval the legitimacy of the state
ultimately rests.
As leaders in all countries are discovering, we
live in an increasingly less deferential age.
Unless leaders reach out actively to young
people and the groups that represent them,
they will find it more and more difficult to
maintain the public confidence that is
required if they are to govern.
The direction of accountability must
therefore run from elected official to the
active citizens of the next generation.
“The youth has to start on one platform,”
argues a journalist, “the same platform so
they know which direction to take…The
youth should be encouraged to move into
politics. We need young blood there. And
very importantly, they should be more vocal,
instead of passive about the problems faced
by any sector of the society.”
“Government should provide windows for
the engagement of youth in the decision-
making process,” another young Pakistani
writes, “No decision about us, without us.”
Young people should be empowered
through active participation in policy
making. Government should make clear
commitments to the next generation, and
then transparently report on their success or
failure in meeting them.
Business and civil society are seen as having
an important role in improving standards of
governance, while countering corruption
and nepotism. They also have the ability to
directly create opportunity for young people.
The private sector can provide opportunities
for entrepreneurship, while acting as a
showcase for a meritocratic society. Civil
This is a very special platform
for me to get my voice heard
because i always wanted to
be a part of British Council.
And now i believe i am.
Alinah
39
The Greatest Generation?
society, meanwhile, should act in a
coordinated way to promote basic rights for
all.
A similar change of mentality is needed from
the international community. International
engagement needs to be more long term
and strategic, building confidence among
young people that donors are intent on
helping the country realise its future
potential, and that funds will be invested in
ways that make a tangible difference to the
lives of ordinary people.
Better working partnerships are needed so
that aid can be monitored and its
effectiveness demonstrated. Again, an
important question is whether the
Courtesy : British Council, Lahore Office
international community is prepared to be
held accountable for achieving durable
results.
accept that we were born here, we live here
and we will die on this land... We need to
The New follow our religion, our values, our culture
and erase all differences.”
Activism There are clear signs that some young
leaders are already prepared to seize the
initiative. The Lawyers' Movement
demonstrates the potential for what
academic and author Rasul Baksh Rais has
The govt and the youth are
Many young people believe that the next hailed a new type of social movement; “not two pillars of the nation they
generation can no longer afford to wait for being driven as much by the old-fashioned, should move side by side for
the prosperous Pakistan.
others to show leadership. Instead, it must deal-making power elites, as by strong Pakistan zindabad
seize the opportunity to act. popular sentiment among the Pakistan Mehreen Malik
youth inside and outside the country.” 71
“The next generation needs to put their
differences aside and think about their The Lawyers' Movement showed the
country,” writes a student. “We need to growing power of technology to connect 40
The Greatest Generation?
young people and allow them to organise.
Social media (blogs, Facebook, Twitter, etc),
email and, especially, the mobile phone have
all created brand new opportunities for fresh
types of activism and political engagement.
The earthquake in 2005, and reactions to the
refugee crises that resulted from conflict in
Swat and other areas, have also shown the
next generation's willingness to raise funds
and deliver services to their fellow citizens at
times of crisis.
Young people are willing to volunteer in
large numbers when they see a cause they
believe in. By doing so, they help expand civil
society, and demonstrate the importance of
a 'third space' that is not solely reliant on
funding from government or international
donors.
From the next generation, we are beginning
to see the birth of a new type of civil society
organisation, dedicated to the virtues of self-
help, personal responsibility, and direct
action. Zimmedar Shehri (Responsible
Citizens) – some of whose members made
valuable contributions to the Next
Generation research – offers an example of
what is possible:
“We wish to nurture in every one of our
countrymen a community spirit,” the group
explains, “whether this be through working
shoulder to shoulder with him in clearing up
refuse from his marketplace; whether this be
convincing the neighbourhood imam to
stock books in his masjid for the young to
read; whether this be by collecting a handful
of food from an affluent house with which to
fill the palms of the hungry down the
street.”72
The group, and others like it, demonstrate
the power and responsibility that young
people have to create their own destiny. “The
next generation is our only hope of creating
a more prosperous Pakistan,” a student
concludes.
“The generation should be free of the
conventional beliefs and practices that keep
Pakistan from rising above the problems
facing it. It will have to create its own sphere
of beliefs and practices that would not only
benefit our country, but would make it an
example to be recorded in history.”
Commitment
to a Generation
In creating this report, we have come on a
long journey. Along the way, we have
confronted head-on the massive challenges
facing Pakistan's young people. We have
been honest about the extent of current
failure to invest in the next generation. And
we have explored in great detail the harsh
reality that is life for many young Pakistanis.
Our findings can be summed up in ten
propositions.
A complete new policy is
needed for all the youths
especially 14, 15 years old
because of the increased
terrorist activities. A
youngster should be shown
a direction, a career path, a
goal, for this career advisory
services are required.
Shoaib Jadoon
41
The Greatest Generation?
Pakistan needs a long term vision for the next
generation.
Times of crisis drive short term thinking, but
we urgently need to switch the focus from
the symptoms of Pakistan's problems, to root
causes. That means setting goals that will
transform the next generation's prospects by
2030, while building support for an
ambitious, but realistic, programme to
implement them.
These goals should be the number one priority
of senior leaders.
Success will be impossible without personal
commitment from the President, Prime
Courtesy : British Council, Lahore Office
Minister and cabinet. The heads of all major
opposition parties and leaders from the
private sector, civil society, the media, and
academia must also pledge themselves to
this agenda.
Delivery should be integrated across all policy
level, non-partisan task force to create and
guide a credible plan for delivery.
issues.
Pakistan has some good education, youth,
The second priority is to release the economic
potential of the young.
and employment policies, but Pakistan needs 36 million jobs in the next
implementation is generally disappointing. decade. It must equip young people with the
The next step is to put young people at the skills demanded by the global economy, and
heart of every government policy, building a help many more young women find
Youth is just a sick and
national mission for a new Pakistan. employment opportunities. Good jobs must pissed off right now and
they don't wana be here
be the primary objective of all economic anymore due to our political
The first priority is to invest in young people. reforms, while new approaches are needed set up and they are fed up
to tackle scarcity in energy, water, food and regarding current drama ( so
called war of civilizations)
Without quality education for all, the next other resources. only democratic way can be
generation will never reach its potential. helpfull in secular ways.
Rapid progress towards universal education Syed Waseem Raza
The third priority is to create policies that help
is possible, especially given recent budget young families.
commitments; but Pakistan needs a high- 42
The Greatest Generation? The Greatest Generation?

Manifesto for a Generation

Many next generation members are already We end our report on a note of hope and
raising their own children, often with few optimism. The next generation is at a
resources and in a dangerous and unstable crossroads, faced by obstacles that some Zero tolerance towards corruption.
environment. By engaging with young commentators describe as insuperable.
people as parents, we can turn them into Thou shall judge your fellow human beings based on
advocates for peace and security, for better Our experience, however, is that most young nothing but his/her merit.
education and health, and for the rights of people have not yet given up hope. They
the young mothers who will have the believe the next generation can pull Pakistan
Teach Pakistan, server Pakistan. I pledge to spend at
greatest influence on the future of Pakistan. through this time of crisis, and that lasting
change is still within reach. least 4 hours per month for 5 years teaching in
The fourth priority is to help young people community service.
become active citizens. In several of our workshops, we asked
participants to work together to create a I shall read at least one book a year that is in direct
Next generation challenges can only be manifesto for their generation, summarising conflict with my belief.
solved with the enthusiastic involvement of the goals they believed young Pakistanis
young people themselves. New should set themselves and their peers in the
I will not discriminate.
opportunities for participation are needed at pursuit of positive change for their country.
all levels of society, with a fresh generation of
leaders put in positions of authority as soon We received many inspiring examples, and I pledge to accept all my mistakes instead of
as they demonstrate their worth. There is believe there is no better way we could justifying them.
Courtesy : Kinnaird College Students
fresh energy in the grassroots – it is time to conclude our report than with one devised
tap it. by a group in Lahore, that really caught the I will not be a second-class citizen in my own country
The government, civil society, business and eye:
international organisations should work
and not compromise Pakistan and its sovereignty
The international community must live up to its while doing so.
together to create and share authoritative
responsibilities.
analysis on the needs of the next generation,
building on the start we have made in this
Over the past decade, its obsession with
report. They should also be accountable for
security has done nothing to make Pakistan a
results. Why not prepare an annual report,
safer place. Now is the time for the world to
accounting for the impact and effectiveness
invest in Pakistan's future, supporting the
of investment in the next generation?
government and wider society as it delivers Children, or the next
generation is the future of
the next generation programme.
All this should form the basis of a contract this country, today's children
If we get these things i am
International actors should also seize the would be tomorrow's Prime
with the next generation, setting out what Minister, President, Doctor or
very hopeful that we can
opportunity work with young people – prove how Amaizing we can
young people can expect from their society a Teacher, and these
helping rebuild the relationship between designation would lead to a
be ! ...
and what their country expects them to --- I am hopeful ! ----
Pakistan and the world. good society, good
Sabeen Inam
deliver in return. So far, the next generation environment and a good
has been failed by its leaders. It deserves a Pakistan.
Delivery to the next generation must be based Raheel Ahmed
solemn and binding commitment that this
on robust evidence.
will now change. 43 44
Annex One
Next Generation Contributors
We are very grateful to the following members of the Next Generation who took the time
to make written contributions to this report.
Aadia; Aadil Khan; Aamir Aslam; Aamir Khan
Balouch; Aamir; Aamir; Abbas Ali; Abbas Ali;
Abcd; Abduallah Shakil; Abduallah Shakil;
Abdul Aziz Soomro; Abdul Aziz; Abdul Basir;
Abdul Faheem; Abdul Qayyum Khan; Abdul
Rehman; Abdul Shakoor Soomro; Abdul
Sittar Anwar; Abdull Haseeb; Abdullah
Omer; Abdullah Shahwani; Abeeda Haroon;
Abeer Saeed; Abid Khan; Abida Mushtaq;
Abrar Ul Hassan; Ahsan; Abu Ammar; Adam
Zia; Adeel Akhtar; Adeel Shahzad; Adil Ayub;
Adil Karim; Adil Razzaq Taj; Adil; Adnan
Shafiq; Adnan Shakir; Adnan; Aejaz Ali;
Aeman Nadeem; Afaq; Afrinah Ahmed; Afsa
Babar; Afshan; Aftab Ahmad; Aftab Usman;
Afzaal Akhtar; Ahmad Abbas; Ahmad Ali Gul;
Ahmad Kamal; Ahmad Khan; Ahmad
Shaheen; Ahmad; Ahmar Qasim Qazi;
Ahmed Abdullah; Ahmed Bin Tariq; Ahmed
Faraz; Ahmed Hammad; Ahmed Hassan;
Ahmed Khayyam; Ahmed Mujtaba; Ahmed
Mujtaba; Ahmed Raza; Ahmed Zubair;
Ahmed; Ahmed; Ahmed; Ahraz; Ahsan
Arshad; Ahsan Rafiq; Ahsan Yousaf
Chaudhary; Ahsan; Aimal Angar; Aiman
Salam; Aisha Manzoor; Aiza Parwaiz Ghouri;
Akbar Haroon; Akber Memon; Akber Shakil;
Akram; Aleena; Ali Abbas Kiani; Ali Affan
Usmani; Ali Ahmad; Ali Ahmed; Ali Asghar
Vakil; Ali Faizan Khan; Ali Falak; Ali Hussain;
Aina; Ali Mehboob Alam; Ali Nawaz; Ali Raza
Panjwani; Ali Salah; Alina Rana; Alinah;
Alvina Noah; Amal Huma; Amar Lal; Amara
Javed; Amber Naveed; Amber Osman;
Ambreen Ansari; Amer Mahmood; Amer
Rizwan; Amir Bilal; Amir Rashid; Amir Raza;
Amir; Amir; Amjad Ahmad; Amjad Ali Shah;
Amjad Hussain; Amjad Hussain; Amjad
Rasheed; Amjad Zafar Ali; Ammad Khan;
Ammad Qayyum; Ammar Hassan; Ammar
Saleem; Ammara; Asif Mumtaz; Amna Asad;
Amna Durrani; Amna; Amna; Anam; Ayesha;
Anas Waheed Khan; Anas; Aneel Iqbal
Amdani; Anjum; Annas Shaikh; Ansab
Waseem; Anum Atique; Anum Iqbal;
Anwar; Anwer Khan; Aqeel Javed;
Aquarius; Arbab Tanveer Ahmed Kasi;
Arbish Khan; Arif; Armughan Hameed;
Aroosha Qamar; Arpheel John; Arsalan
Bobby Khan; Arshad Bqa Rashdi; Arslan
Ahmad; Arslan Arshed; Arslan Tahir Mian;
Asad Ali Warraich; Asad Zia; Asadullah
Shaikh; Asif Elahi Mangat; Asif Iqbal Bhatti;
Asif Iqbal; Asif; Asim Iqbal; Asim Malik;
Asim; Asma Ambreen; Asma Farhad;
Assad Sheraz; Ataush Shafi; Ateeq Ur
Rehman; Ather Tahir; Atif Rana;
Atif Waheed; Atif; Atif; Atta Ur Rehman
Qureshi; Attiq Ur Rehman; Aurangzeab Farid
Butt; Aurangzeb Maqsood; Awais Javed;
Awais Malik; Awais; Ayaz Khan; Ayesha
Hassan; Ayesha Khan; Ayesha Malik; Ayesha
Noor; Ayesha Umar; Ayesha; Ayesha; Ayesha;
Azad; Azam Ishaque; Azaz Ahmad; Azeem;
Azhar Iqbal; Azzam Saddique; B.M Rana;
Badar Yousaf; Bairum Ali; Bakht Biland Amed
Khan; Bakhtawer; Barkat; Baroosh Ahsan;
The change has to
Bassam; Beenish Javed; Beenish Wasay; come from within
Beenish Zia; Behroz Altaf Baloch; Bilal Syed Muhammad Hasan
Ahmad; Bilal Ahmed Khan; Bilal Karim
Mughal; Bilal Raza Khan; Bilal; Bilal; Bisma
Khan; Bryan; Burraq Ghani; Bushra Zaheer;
Bushra Zulfiqar; Collin Mark Joesph; Danish
Hussain Memon; Danish Hussain Memon; 45
Annex One
Danish Khalil; Danish Muhammad Saleem;
Danish Mujadid; Danish; Daniyal Akhtar;
Darya Khan Pahore; Dawar Ayyaz; Dawar
Hameed; Delila; Dr Haris Hamid; Dr Irfan
Ahmed; Dr Mehreen Fatima; Dr S Sajjad
Haider; Dr.Sumaira Mansoor Alam; Easar Ala
M; Ehsan; Eisha Mohsin; Ejaz Hussain;
Ejaz Ur Rehman; Emaan A; Emmad Akhtar;
Engr. Muhammad Nasir Khan; Essmaeel Ali;
Eva Syed; F. M. Bilal; Fahad Arshad;
Fahad Shah; Fahadbinnaqeeb; Fahmida
Fariq; Faisal Aziz; Faisal Hassan Afridi;
Faisal Pervez; Faisal Rasool; Faisal; Faiz Ali;
Faiz Kakar; Faiza Attique; Faiza Haroon
Faiza Riaz; Faiza Riaz; Faiza; Faiza; Faiza;
Faizan Akram; Faizan Ali; Faizan Javied;
Faizan Karim; Faizan Suhail Minhas; Fakhar
Hussain; Falak Afroze; Faraz Ahmad Khan;
Faraz Ahmad Khan; Faraz Faheem;Faraz
Ghani Siddiqui; Faraz Shafiq; Fareeha
Himayat; Farhan Bin Khalid; Farhan Khan;
Farhan Sharif; Farhan; Saamiya Musani;
Farheen Wajahat; Farnaz; Fatima; Farooq;
Farrukh Akhtar; Farrukh Ali Khan; Farrukh
Nadeem; Farrukh Zaman Kiani; Farzana
Saeed; Fatima Ali; Fatima Arif; Fatima Saeed;
Fatima Sajjad; Fatimah Siddiq; Fawad Ali;
Fawad Hirani; Fawad Mulk; Fawad Mulk;
Faysal Idrees Malik; Fayyaz Ahmad; Fayyaz
Madni; Fazal; Fazeel Qamar; Fizza Muazzam;
Fizza Mughal; Fouzan; Fouzia Nawaz;
Frederick Joseph; Furqan; G Ganesh Kumar;
Ghalib Nawaz; Ghazal Khan; Ghazanfar
Abbas Awan; Ghazanfer Sadiq; Ghulam
Abbas; Ghulam Akber; Ghulam Mustafa
Patel; Ghulam Sarwar; Googleboy; Guhu;
Gulrayz Ahmed; H Help Seeker; H M Asghar
Khan; Habiba; Hafiz Muhammad Imran Iqbal;
Haider; Hamad Khan; Hamayoon Khan;
Hammad Farooq Khan; Hammad Raza;
Hammad Tanvir Hammad; Hamza Bin Ikram;
Hamza Nawaz Khan; Hamza Shams; Hamza
Tahir; Hamza; Hania Iqbal; Haroon Habib
Khalqui; Harris Muzammil Ansari; Hasan
Kara; Haseeb Javed; Haseeb Javeed;
Hashim Maudoodi;Hashmat Jamal Khan;
Hassan Abbas; Hassan Ali Siddiqi; Hassan
Fayyaz; Hassan Jahanzaib; Hassan Javed
Malik; Hassan Korrani; Hassan Mahmood;
Hera Hashmi; Hiba Ikram; Hina Bashir;
Hina Osman; Hina Usmani; Hina Yahya;
Hira Hanif; Hira Riaz; Homera Mughees;
Hooria Imam Khan; Huda Batool; Huda Syed;
Huma Khan; Ridx Rox; Huma Taha; Huma;
Humair; Humayun Iqbal; Hummayun
Ahmad; Hurria Hussein; Husna Asim;
Hussain; Ibtisam Asad; Ibtisam Ilahi; Iftikhar
Ahmad; Iftikhar Ahmed; Ikhlaq Ahmed
Qureshi; Ilsa Abdul Razzak; Imran Ali;
Imran Hafeez Panhwar; Imran Khan Zarkoon;
Imran Khan; Imran Khan; Imran; Inayat;
Ingrid Bashir; Iram; Irfan Ahmed; Irfan Ali;
Irfan Khan; Irfan Tariq; Irshad Ahmad; Irum;
Ishaq Bukhari; Ismat Gul Khattak; Izza Shahis;
Jahanzeb; Jan Mohammed; Jansher Bloch;
Jarrar Kazim Ali; Javaria Khalid; Javaria
Khalid; Javeria Munawar; Jawad; Jawed Iqbal
Ghouri; Jehanzeb Akhtar; Jhonny Deep;
Jude Clement Dsouza; Junaid Ahmed;
Junaid Ahmer; Junaid Pasha; Kamal Nawaz
Advocate; Kamni Siraj; Kamran Khan; Kamran
Khan; Kamran; Kanza Fahim; Kanzul Fatima
Arif; Karim Alam; Kashif Ali; Kashif Irshad;
Please built the minds of
Kashif Jameel; Kashif Raza; Kashif Waheed;
Kashif; Kashif; Kashif; Kauser Iqbal; Khadija;
Khadim Hussain; Khalid Kayani; Khalid
Zaman; Khawaja Inam Ul Haq; Khawaja
Muneeb Ahmad; Khawaja Zia Ud Din; Khawar
Ali; Khizar; Khizer Shafi Batla; Khoobi
Aurangzeb; Khurram Abbas Haryani;
Khurram Hamid; Khurram Naseem; Khurram
Saeed; Khushbakht Ejaz; Khwaja Naeem
Saeed; Kinza; Kiran Jamshaid; Kiran Makhani;
Kjnjkn; Komal Khan; Kumail Raza; Laila;
Lucky; M Adil Siddiqui; M Ali Abdullah;
M Saqlain; M Shehryar Raza; M Tahir;
M Tahir; M. Ali Kemal; M. Shahjahan Bhatti;
M.Ahsan Haider; M.Rizwan Afzal; Maaz Bin
Qasim; Maaz Rana; Maaz Rauf; Muhammad
Haseeb Khan; Madeeha; Madiha Baig;
Madiha Haroon; Madiha Malik; Muhammad
Irfan; Maha Chaudhry; Maham Najam;
Mahrukh; Mahwish; Maida Khan; Maira;
Majid Ali Khan Ghori; Majid Bhatti;
Majid Masih; Majid Naseer; Majid Ur Rehman;
Malik Aamer Sohail; Malik Babur Javed;
Malik Junaid Mohammad Khan; Malik
Mehmood; Malik Zameer Ahmed; Mamoon
Khan; Manaal Memon; Mansha Pasha;
Mansoor Shafiq; Maqsood Ahmed Soomro;
Maria Khan; Maria Mashkoor; Maria
Muzammil; Maria; Mariam Ilyas; Mariam
Shoaib; Mariam; Marium; Mariyam Khan
Baloch; Maroof Ahmad; Maryam Yousaf;
Maryam; Maryam; Maseehullah; Masham
Khalid; Mateen Tahir Chuhan; Maya;
Mazhar Usman; Mehak; Mehboob Ul Haq
Siddiqui; Saad Mansoor; Mehmood Riaz
Ahmad; Mehrab; Mehria; Mehru Basit;
Saddam; Mehru Shoaib; Mehvish Irfan;
Mehwish Khalid; Mercede; Meti; Mian Abid
Ali; Mian Khaqan Shah; Milik Yasir; Mina
Mariam; Minhil; Mehreen Malik; Minna Liang;
individual to remove Mirbahar Deen Muhammad; Mirza Asim
terrerism and
extremism... Ghani; Mirza Muhammad Ali Baig; Mirza
Sohail Zahid Ul Hassan; Misbah Shahzadi; Misbah
Ur Rehman; Misha Mansoor; Miss Gill;
Moazaam Bilal; Moazzam; Mobeen Ahmed;
Mobeen Iqbal; Modusser Tufail; Mohammad
46 Ahsan Farooqui; Mohammad Ashfaq;
Annex One
Mohammad Azam Khan; Mohammad Bilal
Arif; Mohammad Hashim Jilani; Mohammad
Ishtiaq; Mohammad Jamaluddin Thaheem;
Mohammad Kazim; Mohammad Ovais;
Mohammad Ovais; Mohammad Raza;
Mohammad Soheib Awan; Mohammad Tahir;
Mohammad Yaqoob; Mohammad Yasir;
Mohammd Sufyan Janjua; Mohsin Ali;
Mohsin Naseer; Mohsin Nasrullah;
Mohsin Waheed; Mohsin; Moiz Ahmad;
Mr. A.D.Tahir; MS Ali; Ms. Amina Zafar, Ms.
Zaira Ahmad, Ms. Zahra Asgher, Ms. Hina
Chaudhry and Ms. Moneeza Abbas, Lahore
College for Women; Zainab Saeed, Shazre
Sarfraz, Rabia Haseeb, Mahwish Hussain, and
Beenish Naeem, Kinnaird College; Murtaza
Khwaja, Shoaib Ahmed, and Usama
Mehmood, Responsible Citizens; Amjad
Bashir, Qasim Farasat, Raja Shoaib,
Muhammad Ahmad, Komal Patras, Sohail
Arshad, Dr. Mohsin Kamal, Tahira Hafeez,
Irfan Ahmad and Abdul Jabbar Siddiqui,
Youth Parliament of Pakistan; Dr. Bernadette
Dean, Vice Chancellor, Kinnaird College; Mr
Asad Tahir, CEO, Anwar Janat Foundation;
Naeem Baig, Ministry of Youth Affairs; Ms
Sadia A. Mehmood, United Nations
Population Fund; Ms Rabia Muzaffar, Ministry
of Affairs; Ms Sabina Ahmad, Value
Resources; Mr Ijaz Khaliq, Human Resource
Development Network; Ms Fauzia Tariq,
Voluntary Services Overseas; Ms Nazoora Ali, The British Council is doing a
World Population Foundation; Ms Rabia tremendous job by giving us
a chance on putting forward
Manzoor Khan, ROZAN Youth Help Line; our views about our beloved
Khaliq Nawaz, Usman Shahid, and Zahra nation and our motherland
which means more than
Mumtaz, Quaid-i-Azam University; Nofil anything to us.
Farooq and Muhammad Ayaz Shafqat, Youth Kamran Khan
Parliament of Pakistan; Hira Sagheer,
Samreen Asghar, Shumaila Afzal, Muntaha
Hibb, Anam Niazi and Zainub Younus, Fatima 47
Annex One
of Affairs; Ms Sabina Ahmad, Value
Resources; Mr Ijaz Khaliq, Human Resource
Development Network; Ms Fauzia Tariq,
Voluntary Services Overseas; Ms Nazoora Ali,
World Population Foundation; Ms Rabia
Manzoor Khan, ROZAN Youth Help Line;
Khaliq Nawaz, Usman Shahid, and Zahra
Mumtaz, Quaid-i-Azam University; Nofil
Farooq and Muhammad Ayaz Shafqat, Youth
Parliament of Pakistan; Hira Sagheer,
Samreen Asghar, Shumaila Afzal, Muntaha
Hibb, Anam Niazi and Zainub Younus, Fatima
Jinnah Women University; Noormah Jamal,
Umair Ahmad, Faizan Khan, Usman A. Jilani,
Abeer Amir Kiani, Masooma Zubairi and
Manzul Fatima, Beaconhouse School System;
Shabhaz, Ali Shabhar, Aliya Naseer,
Muhammad Saad Mian, and Ali Shabbar,
STEP; Rabeea Mazhar, International Islamic
University; Rubina Mazhar, Muslim Aid.
Muahmmad Sajjada Shamim Ahmed;
Mubashar Iqbal Awan; Mubashir Vohra;
Mudassar Laiq Qureshi; Mufaz; Mughis Ur
Rehman; Muhamamd Asif Ejaz; Muhammad
Aamir; Muhammad Abbas; Muhammad
Abbas; Muhammad Adnan Hanif;
Muhammad Adnan Hanif; Muhammad
Adyan; Muhammad Ahmed; Muhammad
Aizaz Shaheen; Muhammad Ajmal;
Muhammad Akhtar Shaheen Rind;
Muhammad Ali Abbas; Muhammad Ali Khan;
Muhammad Ali; Muhammad Ali;
Muhammad Ali; Muhammad Ammar Yasir;
Muhammad Annus; Muhammad Anwar
Hashmi; Muhammad Arslan Sarwar Tarar;
Muhammad Ashraf Malik; Muhammad Asif
Ahmed; Muhammad Asif Nadeem Bhutta;
Muhammad Asim; Muhammad Aslam;
Muhammad Ataullah Khan; Muhammad
Atique; Muhammad Awais Nadeem;
Muhammad Azeem Khan; Muhammad
Babar; Muhammad Bilal Khan; Muhammad
Bilal Shahid; Muhammad Bilal; Muhammad
Daniual Rashid; Muhammad Ehtesham Ul
Haq; Muhammad Fahad Lakhani;
Muhammad Faisal; Muhammad Faizan Khan;
Muhammad Faizan Wajahat; Muhammad
Faraz Aslam; Muhammad Farhan Naeem
Sheikh; Muhammad Fazeel; Muhammad
Ghufran; Muhammad Hafeez; Muhammad
Hamid; Muhammad Hammad Jamil;
Muhammad Haris Nazir; Muhammad
Hashim Khan; Muhammad Hasnain Ali;
Muhammad Hassan; Muhammad
Humayoon; Muhammad Ilyas; Muhammad
Ilyas; Muhammad Imran Khan; Muhammad
Imran; Muhammad Irfan; Muhammad Ishfaq;
Muhammad Ismail Memon; Muhammad
Jaffar Malik; Muhammad Jawad Bhatti;
Muhammad Jawwad Baig; Muhammad
Junaid; Muhammad Kamran Lodhi;
Muhammad Khan Karim; Muhammad Laeeq
Ur Rehman; Muhammad Mahmood Ali
Siddiqui; Muhammad Mahmood Aslam;
Muhammad Mansoor Khan; Muhammad
Mansoor Shaukat; Muhammad Mehdi;
Muhammad Muneeb Saeed; Muhammad
Muneeb; Muhammad Nasarullah Toor;
Muhammad Rafay Moeen; Muhammad
Ramzan Mallah; Muhammad Rehan Hashmi;
Muhammad Rehan Raza.; Muhammad
Rizwan; Muhammad Saad; Muhammad
Safdar; Muhammad Saifullah; Muhammad
Saleem; Muhammad Samad Khan;
Muhammad Shabeer; Muhammad Shafiq;
Muhammad Shahzar Ilahi; Muhammad
Shershah; Muhammad Tahir Iqbal;
Muhammad Talal; Muhammad Talha;
Muhammad Umair Azhar; Muhammad
Umair Shabbir; Muhammad Usama Masood;
I think the next generation
wants to be involved but we
are mostly controlled by the
elders and the Taboos of the
society. Frankly, here it
seems what you say does not
matter but who and how old
you are matters a lot. The
elders need to trust the next
generation more.
Junaid Ahmed
48
Muhammad Usman Ansari; Muhammad
Usman Butt; Muhammad Usman;
Muhammad Usman; Muhammad Waleed
Khan; Muhammad Waqas; Muhammad
Yahya Rokhani; Muhammad Yaser Khan;
Muhammad Yasir Chughtai; Muhammad
Younas; Muhammad Yousuf Dalia;
Muhammad Yusuf; Muhammad Zafir Zia;
Muhammad Zaki Hassan; Muhammad Zakir;
Muhammad Zia Ul Haq; Muhammad Zohaib
Hafeez; Muhammad Zohaib Javed;
Muhammad Zubair; Muhammed Abdul
Rahim; Muhamnmad Tahir; Mujeeb;
Mujtaba Memon; Mulazim Ali Khokhar;
Munazza; Muneer; Murtaza Khurshid;
Murtaza; Musa Durrani; Musa; Musirah
Farrukh; Mustafa Ahmed; Mustafa Kamal;
Mustafa Tariq Ghani; Mustansar Khalid
Saeed; Muzamil Ahmad; Muzammal Khalid;
Muzammil Sherani; Mysty; Nabeel Asad
Chaudry; Nabeel Khan; Nabi Bux Samo;
Nadeem Ahmad Malik; Nadeem Ahmad
Saleemi; Nadeem Anjum; Nadeem;
Nadia Hussain; Naeem Sarwer; Naeem;
Nafees; Naila Tabasuum; Naima Bintaey
Shahab; Naima Tariq; Najeeb Ullah; Namini;
Areeba Gadar; Naqib Ullah Khan; Naseem
Achakzai; Nasir A Khan; Nasir Ali; Nasir;
Nasreen Fatima; Nasrullah Shah; Nassir Nazir;
Nauman Ahmed; Nauman Ali; Nauman
Farooq; Naveed Ahmad Khan; Naveed
Ahmed Badar; Naveed Ahmed; Naveed
Ahmed; Naveed Ali; Naveed Ali; Naveed
Khuhro; Naveed Shakur; Naveed William;
Naveed Zafar; Nawaz Nizar; Nawaz Siddiq;
Nayha Raza; Naziha Ali; Nazish Naveed;
Neha Khan; Nimra Ahmad; Nisar; Nizar
Ahmad; No Name; Noman Ahmed; Noman;
Noor Ahsan; Noor Latif Khan; Noor; Nasir;
Noorul.Ain Ahmad; Nouman Akbar; Nudrat
Annex One
Amin; Obaid Ahmad Usmani; Omair;
Omer Abdue Rehman Khan; Omer Ansari;
Osaid Ahamd; Osama Riaz Minhas; Osama;
Paras Maurice; Qaidar Khan; Qaiser Zaman;
Qamer Uddin; Qasim Sheikh; Qazi Fazli
Azeem; Qudsia; Qurat Ul Ain Asif;
Quratulain Paracha; Quratulain; Rabeea
Ahmed; Rabia Azam; Rabia Kiyani;
Rabia Shahid; Rabia; Rabia; Rabia; Rabia;
Rabia; Rafay Sadiq; Raheel Ahmed; Raheel
Ahmed; Rai; Raja Sajid Hussain; Ramla
Mustafa; Rana Omer; Rana Tahir; Rana Tahir;
Rana Yasir; Rao Umer Ali Khan; Rao Zahid;
Rashid Ahmed; Rashid Hasan; Rashid
Mehmood Khan; Rashid Sardar; Rashid; Raja
Behram Ali; Rayaan Iqbal; Rehan Zaidi,
Rehman Afzal Khan; Rehman Habib;
Rehman Ilyas; Riaz Karim Khan; Rida Abaid;
Rizwan Akhlaq; Rizwan Maqsood; Rizwan
Riaz; Rizwan Shakir; Rizwan; Rizwan; Rmasha
Ghaffar; Rubina; Ruwa Rehman; S. Areej
Mehdi; S. M. Abbas Kazmi; S.M Haris Burney;
S.M Omair; Saad Ashraf; Saad Bin Mehmood;
Saad Jan; Saad Naeem; Saad Saleem Malik;
Saad Saleem Umer; Saad Salman; Saad;
Saad; Saad; Saba Jokhio; Saba Rasheed;
Sababa Khalid; Sabah A Siddiqui; Sabah
Saeed; Sabeen Inam; Sabeen; Sabertooth;
Sabiha Faiz; Sadaf Azeem Idrak; Sadaf;
Saddam Hussain; Sadia Hafeez; Sadia Nasim;
Sadia Siddiqui; Sadiq Chagani; Safdar Ali
Khan; Safi; Sahar Karim; Saifuddin; Saifullah
Raza; Saima Aslam; Saima Ghaus Qureshi; “I believe in change ,
Saima Jabbar; Saima Rashid; Sajeel Qayum because evolution is the
ultimate survivor of
Mirza; Sajjad Ahmad Jan; Sajjad Ali; Saleem mankind"
A Siddiqui; Saleha Baloch; Saleha Baloch; Jarrar Kazim Ali
Saleha Shahid; Salma Iqbal; Salma Khaton;
Salma Rahman; Salman Ahmad Awan;
Salman Ahmad; Salman B; Salman B; Salman
Fazal; Salman Latif; Salman Zahid; Sama 49
Annex One
Tanveer; Saman Javed; Sameen; Sameer
Aqib; Samia Arif; Samia Fatima Naqvi;
Samiurrehman; Samreen Shahbaz; Samreen;
Samsoor; Sana Aslam; Sana Azhar; Sana Haq;
Sana Shah; Sana Shams; Sana Ullah; Sana;
Sana; Sana; Sana; Saneeta Massey; Saqib
Nawaz; Saqib Riaz; Saqib Tariq; Sara Abu
Tahir; Sardar Bacha; Sardar Ishtiaq Ahmed
Khan; Sardar Ishtiaq Ahmed Khan; Sardar
Yaser; Sarmad Aftab Lashari; Sarmad Khan
Khattak; Sarmad Riaz; Sarwat Abbas; Sarwat;
Sazeen Baloch; Scar Scariot; Sehrish;
Shabihulhassan; Shadha Zawawi; Shafqat
Mahmood Khan; Shagufta; Shah Gul; Shah
Nawaz; Shah; Shahana Bano; Shahbaz Abbas;
Shaheen Koaser; Shahid Ghafoor; Shahid
Imran; Shahid Khaskhely; Shahid Rehan;
Shahid; Shahida; Shahmeer; Shahnawaz;
Shahroze Asif; Shahwaccar; Suhail; Shahzad
Hassan; Shahzeb Irshad; Shakeel Ahmad;
Shakeel Ahmed Raza; Shakeel Ahmed;
Shakeel Ahmed; Shakeel; Shakil; Shakir
Hussain; Shakir; Shanzay; Shanze'; Sharaf
Qaisar; Sharan Ahmed; Shariq Mushir;
Shaukat; Yasir Mirza; Shawez Banuri; Shazeb
Ullah Khan; Shazia Azmat; Shazia; Sheeraz;
Sheheryar Iqbal; Shehzadi Rabail; Sheraz;
Shermeen; Shireen Khalani; Shoaib Farrukh;
Shoaib Jadoon; Shoaib Khan; Shoaib Raza;
Shumaila; Sidra Sheikh; Sidra Umar; Sidra
Umar; Sidra Umar; Sidra; Sikandar Hayyat;
Simab Chuhan; Siraj; Sitwat Farooq; Soban
Ahmed; Sofia; Soha Muneer; Sohaib Saleem;
Sohail Khan; Sohail; Sonika Dhingra; Sorath
Shah; Sufian Gul; Suhail Choudhry; Suhail;
Suleman Sheikh; Suleyman Shafi Batla;
Sulman Zahid; Sultan Yousaf; Sumera Hasan;
Summiyah Malik; Sundus; Swaleha Malik;
Sybil Daniel; Syed Aabid Hussain; Syed Aalso
Abbas; Syed Ahmad Abbas Zaidi; Syed Ali
Jafri; Syed Ali Murad; Syed Ali Shehryar;
Syed Ammar Gillani; Syed Ather Hasnain
Rizvi; Syed Azfer Iqbal; Syed Bilal Hussain;
Syed Danish Iqbal; Syed Faiq Mehmood;
Syed Farhan Fazal; Syed Farrukh Shah; Syed
Hassan Talal; Syed Hassan Zulfiqar; Syed
Hussain Raza Moosavi; Syed Kamran Ali;
Syed Kashif Khurshid; Syed M. Aaqib Javaid;
Syed Muhammad Ali; Syed Muhammad
Baqar; Syed Muhammad Hasan; Syed
Saad.M.Ali; Syed Saghir Hussain; Syed
Shabihulhassan Bokhari; Syed Shahzaib
Ahmed; Syed Shariq Munir; Syed Sharjeel
Hasan; Syed Shayan Sultan; Syed Tahir
Hussain; Syed Tariq Husaain Hatmi;
Syed Waqar Ahmed; Syed Waseem Raza;
Syed Zeeshan Shahid; Syed Zohaib Asad
Sherazi; Syeda Saima Shabir; T Tahir;
Tabassum Huda; Tabinda Afzal; Tabish Ali;
Tamim; Tafheem Ul Haq; Taha; Tahir Iqbal;
Tahir; Tahir; Tahir; Tahira Khan; Taimoor
Malik; Taimoor; Taimorr Khan; Talha Akhter;
Tallal; Tanveer Hussain Tanveer Zia; Tanveer
Zia; Taha; Tarique Mehmood; Tatheer Zehra;
Tauseef Ahmed; Tauseef; Tauseef; Tayyaba
Sarmad; Tehreem Fatima; Toobah Ali; Touqir
Abbas; Touseef; Tahir Mahmood; Triumph;
Tughral Turab Ali; Tyrone Tellis; U Uzair Javed;
Ubaid Bashir; Ubaid Tariq; Ufaq Asif; Umair
Ahmad Khawaja; Umair Ahmed Khan; Umair
Ahmed; Umair Gill; Umair Matloob; Umair
Nasir; Umair Shariq Farooqi; Umair Wali;
Umaiz Imtiaz Butt; Umar Anjum; Umar
Rizwan; Umer Ali; Umer Malik; Umer Saleem;
Umer Younas Butt; Umer; Unjela Siddiqi;
Usama Bin Najam; Usman Farooq; Usman
Ghani Rathore; Usman Habib; Usman Hassan;
Usman Nasem; Usman; Usman; Uzair Ijaz
Khan; Uzair Khalid; Uzair Khan; Uzair;
Uzma Siddiqui; Vikas Kapoor; Waheeb
When i was an intern at an
organization l i was told that
the commitment interns show
to their work is probably more
than the employees show to
their's. We just need to give
our 18-23 year students
opportunities to work like
NGOs, volunteering, social
work and internships and sit
back and watch them do
wonders.
Maria Muzammil
50
Annex One
Mehboob; Waheed; Wajahat Iqbal; Wajahat
Nassar; Wajeeha; Waleed Malik; Wali
Mohammad Baloch; Wali Muhammad
Chandio; Wamiq Naeem; Waqar Ahmed;
Waqar Ahmed; Waqar; Waqar; Waqas Abid;
Waqas Ashraf; Waqas Bin Younus Awan;
Waqas Hussain; Waqas Tubbsim; Waqas;
Wara Iftikhar; Warda Rizvi; Warda; Warsha
Jamnadas; Waseem Hussain Chaudhry;
Waseem Rabbani; Wasif Mehmood; Wasim
Malik; Wasim; Wasimullah; Wayne
Pennefather;
We would also like to thank the following
who attended the workshops to discuss
the draft report:
Xari Jalil; Xaynab Auraqxai; Yaseen Munshi;
Yasir Ameen; Yasir Faraz Abbasi; Yasir
Mehmood; Yasir Mohmood Aslam; Yasir Riaz;
Yasir Sohaib; Yasir Tahir Siddiqui; Yasmin
Jawaid; Yastoor Khan; Yousaf Ali; Yumna
Zahid; Zaheer Abbas; Zaheer Kazim;
Zaheer Kazim; Zahid Ahmad Butt; Zahid Bin
Khalil; Zahid Shahab Ahmed; Zahid;
Zahid; Zahid; Zahid; Zahida; Zahra Qadeer;
Zaid Bin Mukhtar; Zain Ali; Zain Aman;
Zain Khan; Zain; Zainab Shiraz; Zainab;
Zakaria Hamid; Zaki Hyder Bihan; Zamar;
Zareen Zubair; Zeeshan Dawood; Zeeshan
Manzoor; Zeeshan Tariq; Zeeshan;
I feel that there should be a
Zehra Anwer; Zehra; Zeina; Zia Jafri; quota for qualified youth to
Zia Ullah Akhunzada; Zia; Zaeem Rizvi; sit in the parliament and also
to observe the parliament
Zillerehman Khan Niazi; Zoan Hassan; Zobia sessions, as they need to
Samreen; Zofashan Basit; Zohaib Iqbal; know how policymaking is
Zohaib; Zoraiz; Zulfiqar Baig; Zulfiqar Pomi; done.... and how they can
play their roles to change if
Zulqi;
something is not working.
Zahid Shahab Ahmed
51
Annex Two Annex Two

Annex Two
Methodology
The Next Generation project was designed to David Steven (Center for International defined as having a population less than youth's potential response towards the
create a landmark report that would be Cooperation at New York University) acted as 100,000 persons. accumulation of the report. On-site visits to a
inclusive and owned by the youth of this policy adviser to the Task Force. number of universities and other educational
country. It required a methodology as Target respondents for the qualitative institutes were conducted for this purpose.
vibrant, flexible and diverse as the youth it After a thorough and exhaustive evaluation research were as follows: males and females, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Institute of
aims to represent. of existing research on geography, aged between 18-29, belonging to Science and Technology, Government
geopolitics and demographics, new and socioeconomic classes A, B and C. College Lahore, Lahore College for Women,
The inception of the report began with an specially-tailored research was Azad Jammu and Kashmir University –
independent committee established to commissioned by the Task Force. The desk research and quantitative survey Muzaffarabad campus, Karachi University, Sir
explore the potential and prospects of the were used to develop the main quantitative Syed University Karachi, City University
country's next generation. The Task Force Iqbal Haider Butt, Senior Partner, survey tool, with the following sections: Peshawar were some of the institutions in
devised the core plan of action and Development Pool, and Sabiha Shaheen, screener, socioeconomic classification, this pool.
performed an advisory role in supervising Executive Director, BARGAD contributed general outlook, education, health and
the evolution of the report itself. Changing Factors: Political & Democratic environment, politics, employment, society, The interim report was made available to a
Activism of Youth in Pakistan. Dr Rehana aspirations, demographics and media habits. panel of approximately 20 academics, civil
The Task Force is comprised of: Siddiqui, Chief of Research, PIDE, wrote Youth society leaders and community enablers who
Govt. of Pakistan, represented by Ashfaq
n Employment and Economic Growth in A nationally representative sample was shared feedback and suggestions. These
Ahmad, Secretary of Youth Affairs Pakistan for the report. Arshed Bhatti, recruited from the four provinces of Punjab, suggestions were backed by endorsements
Geo Television Network, represented by
n Director, Connective Action and Kaveri Harris, Sindh, NWFP and Balochistan, and from Azad from community stakeholders. A series of
Moeed Pirzada, Head of International Researcher, Options UK and Research Fellow, Jammu and Kashmir (AJK). The sample size workshops and seminars was held in order to
Desk University of Sussex authored Understanding was 1226. involve young leaders in developing
Sahara for Life Trust, represented by
n demographic opportunities & threats for findings.
Abrar ul Haq, Chairman young people in Pakistan: the economic, In July 2009, a campaign for collecting
Barclays Bank, represented by Mohsin
n social & political impact of youth opinions to form the basis for components of The interim report was widely publicized
Nathani, Country Head participation and /or exclusion while The the recommendations for youth policy was through the electronic media in the form of
Lahore University of Management
n Next Generation Report – The Policy launched with an initial appearance by UK discussions on television channels and radio
Sciences (LUMS), represented by Ahmad Environment was by Sabina Ahmad and Foreign Secretary David Milliband on a stations. The campaign proved very helpful
J. Durrani, Vice Chancellor Farida Ahmad of Value Resources. national radio show arranged by the British in creating widespread interest. We wish to
Pakistan Institute of Development and
n Council through Radio One FM91. thank TV One, Express News24, ATV and
Economics (PIDE), represented by AC Nielsen were commissioned to conduct radio channels FM 91, FM 101 and FM 96 for
Dr.Rehana Siddique, Chief Researcher desk research, a qualitative study, and the Simultaneously, an open poll consisting of this.
Sabiha Shaheen, Executive Director,
n Next Generation quantitative survey. This is the Question on five questions was launched on British It is vital that those who
(BARGAD) which we have to think Council's website. The poll was intended to Before finalizing the report in its current form have share with those who
upon & response... do not have; whether it is
Connective Action, represented by
n During the qualitative phase, 10 focus groups elicit viewpoints from 18-29 year olds across a meeting was held in October with the knowledge, wealth or a
Arshad Bhatti, Director were conducted at 6 locations. Karachi, We have to take some the rural and urban expanse. By September Ministry of Youth Affairs in order to come to a few kind words, whatever
steps in order to make our one can afford; be the
British Council, represented by Sue
n Lahore, Rawalpindi/Islamabad and Peshawar dream come true... 2009, 1212 Pakistani young people had clear perspective on youth issues to include giver, not the taker
Beaumont, Country Director; Nasir fall in Stratum I which is defined as having a M. Rizwan Afzal responded. in the report. Ramla Mustafa
Kazmi, Director Islamabad; Shazia population of 1 million or more. Narowal and
Khawar, Head of Programmes Islamabad Muzaffarabad fall in Stratum III which is Additional focus groups were conducted to
52 achieve a deeper understanding of the 53
Footnotes
1. Muhammed Ali Jinnah (1947): Address to
Civil, Naval, Military and Air Force Officers
of Pakistan Government at Kahliqdina
Hall, Karachi, October 11 1947. Available
at: http://tinyurl.com/yhmf7br
2. Population Division of the Department of
Economic and Social Affairs of the United
Nations Secretariat (2008): World
Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision.
United Nations, New York.
3. ibid
4. United Nations University (2006): Richest
2% own half of the world’s wealth – study.
UNU Update, Issue 44, December.
5. World Bank (2008). Double Jeopardy:
Responding to High Food and Fuel Prices.
Working paper presented at G8
Hokkaido-Toyako Summit, 2 July 2008.
World Bank, Washington DC.
6. G20 (2009): Declaration on Strengthening
the Financial System, London, 2 April.
Available at http://tinyurl.com/dh9s95
7. International Monetary Fund (2009):
World Economic Outlook - Crisis and
Recovery. IMF, Washington DC. April.
8. ibid; International Monetary Fund (2008)
World Economic Outlook: Financial Stress,
Downturns and Recoveries. IMF,
Washington DC. October.
9. World Bank (2009): World Bank updates
global economic forecasts. World Bank
press release, 31 March.
10. Alex Evans (2008): Rising Food Prices:
Drivers and Implications for
Development. Chatham House, London.
11. James Hamilton (2009): Causes and
Consequences of the Oil Shock 2007-
2008. Brookings Papers on Economic
Activity. Conference Draft. March.
12. Food and Agriculture Organization of the
United Nations (2009): The State of Food
Insecurity in the World 2009: Economic
Crises – impacts and lessons learned. FAO,
Rome.
13. World Economic Forum Water Initiative
(2009): The Bubble is Close to Bursting: A
Forecast of the Main Economic and
Geopolitical Water Issues Likely to Arise in
the World in the Next Two Decades, draft
produced for the World Economic Forum
Annual Meeting 2009. WEF, Geneva.
January.
14. Organisation for Economic Co-operation
and Development (2009): OECD
Environmental Outlook to 2030, Page 5.
OECD, Paris.
15. International Water Management
Institute (2007): Does Food Trade Save
Water? The potential role of food trade in
water scarcity mitigation. IWMI, Sri Lanka.
Available at: http://tinyurl.com/ykm9q8e
16. Alex Evans, Scarcity, security and
institutional reform, presentation given to
a seminar organized for the UN
Department of Political Affairs by the
Geneva Centre for Security Policy, August
2009; and International Energy Agency, 27. ibid
World Energy Outlook, OECD/IEA, Paris,
2008
17. Ministry of Finance (2009): Pakistan
Economic Survey 2008-2009. Government
of Pakistan, Islamabad. Available at:
http://tinyurl.com/yg6u627
18. IMF (2009) op cit
19. International Monetary Fund (2009):
Program Note: Pakistan. Available at
http://tinyurl.com/yk8ykyh
20. International Monetary Fund (2009): IMF
Executive Board Concludes 2009 Article IV
Consultation with Pakistan. IMF Public
Information Notice (PIN) No. 09/43, 3
April. IMF, Washington DC.
21. IMF (2009) op cit.
22. The Nation (2009): No let-up in load
shedding. The Nation on Web. 2 April.
Daily Times (2009): Industrialists demand
uninterrupted power supply. 5 April.
23. RM Hathaway and M Kugelman (eds.)
(2009): Powering Pakistan. Oxford
University Press, Oxford.
For the Rich youths:
Internships in major I hope the word " Next
organisations. 24. Muhammad Aslam (2009), Pakistan Generation" does include
For the Poor youths: Tell Economic Survey 2008-09: Poverty. all those youngestrs who
them to think about how are living in small villiges
they would do it. They
Ministry of Finance, Pakistan. that are far & far from
know more about life than cities.
any of us. Nasir A Khan
Zeina
25. ibid
26. ibid
54 55
 Foundation and Gallup Pakistan poll: No
Generation Gap In Majority of Pakistan.
Gallup, Islamabad.
44. UN Population Division (2008) op cit.
45. Harvard Public Health Review (2005): Pigs,
Pythons and Economic Miracles. Spring.
46. UN Population Division (2008) op cit.
47. Fund for Peace (2008): Failed States Index.
Fund for Peace, Washington DC.
48. H. Urdal (2006): A Clash of Generations?
Youth Bulges and Political Violence.
International Studies Quarterly 50(3):
607–630.
49. UNDP (2009): Human Development
Report 2009: Overcoming Barriers:
Human Mobility and Development. UNDP,
Geneva.
50. UN Population Division (2008) op cit.
51. ibid
52. Durr-e-Nayab (2006): op cit.
53. World Health Organisation (2008):
Pakistan Country Cooperation Strategy at
a Glance. WHO, Geneva. Available at:
http://tinyurl.com/cuqfpf
54. UK Department for International
Development (2007): Pakistan and the
MDGs. DFID, November. Available at:
http://tinyurl.com/djwmy4
55. UNDP (2008) op cit.
56. UNESCO (2009): EFA Global Monitoring
Report 2009. UNESCO. Paris.
57. DFID (2007) op cit.
58. UNESCO (2009) op cit.
59. Bhatti and Harriss (2009) op cit.
60. Durr-e-Nayab (2006): Demographic
Dividend of Demographic Threat in
Pakistan. PIDE Working Papers 2006:10.
Pakistan Institute of Development
Economics, Islamabad.
61. R. Siddiqui (2009): Youth Employment
and Economic Growth in Pakistan. Paper
prepared for this project.
62. Deepa Sankar (2007): What is the
progress in elementary education
participation in India during the last two
decades? – An analysis using NSS
Education rounds. The World Bank,
Washington DC. April.
63. The World Bank (2008): India: Education
for all – Sarva Shiksha Abhiya. Available at
http://tinyurl.com/ykl6cdr
Survival of the generation
64. Khawar Ghumman (2009): Education to
be allocated seven percent of GDP. Dawn
News, 10 September.
65. Zubeida Mustafa (2009): The Road to
Corruption. Dawn News, 16 September.
66. C. Lloyd, C. Mete, Z. Sathar (2005): The
Effect of Gender Differences in Primary
School Access, Type, and Quality on the
Decision to Enroll in Rural Pakistan.
University of Chicago, Chicago.
67. World Economic Forum (2009): The Global
Gender Gap Report 2009. WEF, Geneva.
68. Ministry of Finance (2009) op cit.
69. ibid
70. World Economic Forum (2009): The Global
Competitiveness Report 2009-2010. WEF,
Geneva.
71. Rakul Baksh Rais (2007): Youth of The
Nation, Daily Times, 13 November.
Available at http://tinyurl.com/ykyfqod
72. http://www.zimmedarshehri.com/beta/
default.php
The youth must not forget
who they are and wht they
is doubtful...right now
r a part of.. They must keep
actually the generation the cultural heritage alive
can survive but the in thier hearts..... Dont
question is how the forget your identity if you
nation will survive....we do, the world will forget
are still not a nation.... you....... hey, it rhymes!!
Warda Rizvi Furqan
56 57