EDU CAT EN V5A FF V5R19 Lesson02 Toprint PDF

CATIA V5 Analysis
Lesson 2: Pre-processing
Student Notes:
In this lesson, you will learn the FEA pre-processing (FE modeling ) concepts and how
to perform pre-processing steps in GPS workbench.
Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES
Lesson content:
Case Study: FE Modelling of Drill Press Table

Design Intent
Stages in the Process
What is Pre-processing
Applying Material
Generating Mesh
Assigning Physical Property
Applying Restraints and Loads
Checking the Finite Element Model
Duration: Approximately 0.25 days
CATIA V5 Analysis
Case Study: FE Modelling of Drill Press Table
Student Notes:
The case study for this lesson is the Drill Press Table. The focus of this case study is to create
a Finite Element model for Drill Press Table.
Introduction to
FEA
Exercises
GPS preprocessing
Exercises
(Case Study)
GPS
Computation
Exercises
GPS Postprocessing
Mesh
Refinement
Exercises
Exercises
Exercises
Master Project
Drill Press Table Component
Assembly
Structural
Analysis
Drill Press Table with Mesh, Restraints and Load
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Design Intent
You have to perform the Static Analysis of Drill press Table. The actual physical
problem will be described which will provide input data for FE modeling of the drill
press Table. You have to use this information to build an appropriate FE model.
The table of drill press is composed of steel having
following properties:
The material is isotropic
Young's Modulus = 2.1e+011 N_m2
Poisson's Ratio = 0.268
Density = 7862 kg/m3
Thermal Expansion = 1.19e-005 /Kdeg
Yield Strength = 2.6e+008 N_m2
The mesh type must be 3D OCTREE Tetrahedron
The table is fixed to the stand with a Clamp restraint
Drill Press Table Component
A downward force of 10 N will be applied and

transmitted to the top surface of the table through
the drill-bit and work-piece
The validity of the created FE model must be
checked
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Stages in the Process

This will involve following steps to perform the case study. First, you will understand what is
Pre-processing. Later you will see how to perform each Pre-processing step in the GPS
workbench.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Applying Material
Generating Mesh
Drill press Table FE Model
CATIA V5 Analysis
Step 1: What is Pre-processing
Student Notes:
You will get learn what is preprocessing and activities to be

performed in pre-processing.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Applying Material
Generating Mesh
Checking the Finite Element
Model
1.
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Pre-processing involves all those steps which are required
to convert a given physical problem into an equivalent
Finite Element problem. This involves following steps:
1.
2.
Applying material structural property to a part,

which is required to calculate deformation,
strains and stresses
Pre-processing
(FE Modeling)
Computation
(Solving FE Model)
Meshing the part to create Finite Element model

using elements and nodes
3.
Applying physical property to the mesh to associate

physical properties and material to Finite Element
model
4.
Applying restraints to the mesh which represents

actual physical boundary conditions
5.
Applying loads on the mesh, which represents

actual physical forces acting on the structure
6.
Model Checking to validate that all pre-processing

steps are performed correctly to perform
computation and nothing missed out
Post-processing
(View Results)
Mesh Refinement
Iterations
Create
Reports
Finite Element Analysis Process
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Step 2: Applying Material

You will learn tools to assign
material property to part.
2.
Applying Material
3.
4.
5.
6.
Generating Mesh
Model
1.
CATIA V5 Analysis
Material
Student Notes:
Structural properties of material are required to calculate

deformation, strains and stresses. This include :
Young Modulus
Poisson Ratio
Density of Material
Yield Strength
Thermal Expansion
You can apply material in following two ways.
select a material from
default Material catalog
create your own user-defined material

with required properties
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Applying Material (1/2)

You will see how to apply a material to part
from material catalogue.
1.
2.
3.
In Apply Material toolbar click Apply

Material icon.
1
Click on Metal tab and select Steel.
Click on the PartBody in specification tree
or on part displayed on screen and click
OK.
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Applying Material (2/2)

4.
5.
6.
In View Mode toolbar, click Customize

View Parameters icon, to view part in
Material mode.
Check Material option and keep other
options as shown.
Click OK.
Part shown in Custom View Mode

6
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CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Creating User Material (1/2)

You may need to create a material with specified
properties, which is not available in standard
material catalogue. In this case, you can use User
Material option to create a material with your own
specification. This option creates material without
any geometric support. Therefore, this can also be
used to apply material to orphan meshes which do
not have any geometric support.
You will see how to create a User Material and
how to edit the structural properties.
1.
2.
In Model Manager toolbar click User

Material icon.
Click on Metal tab and select Steel and
click OK.
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CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Creating User Material (2/2)

3.
4.
5.
In Materials.1 node in specification tree

double-click on User Material.1.
Click on the Analysis tab in Properties
Dialogue box .
Change the required structural properties
as per specification and click OK.
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CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Step 3: Generating Mesh

You will learn what is mesh generation,
different types of elements generated in
mesh and tools to generate the mesh in
CATIA.
Applying Material
3.
Generating Mesh
4.
5.
6.

Model
1.
2.
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CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Mesh Generation (1/3)

Meshing involves approximating actual physical structure into Finite Element model using several
simple geometric shapes called elements. These Elements are interconnected to each other at
points called Nodes. Within each element, displacement of nodes is defined by polynomial equation
called Displacement Equation. The mesh is the representation of the mathematical idealization of
the structure.
On the basis of dimensionality elements can be classified as:
1-D Elements : These elements are used to represent
structures where one of its dimension is really greater
than the two others.
Nodes
2-D Elements : These elements must be used to

represent structures where two of its dimension are
really greater than the third one.
3-D Elements : These elements must be used to

represent parts where each dimension are of the
same order of length.
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CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:

Within each element, displacement of nodes is defined by polynomial equation called Displacement
Equation. Elements can also be classified according to order of Displacement Equation as:
Linear Elements : Linear Elements have linear displacement interpolation between the
nodes. It means, when the linear elements are subjected to loads their shape follow linear
deformation between the nodes. All elements described below are linear elements.
1-D Element :
Linear Beam Element
2-D Elements :
Linear
Triangular
Element
3-D Elements :
Linear
Tetrahedron
Element
Linear
Quadrilateral
Element
Linear
Wedge
Element
Linear
Brick
Element
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CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:

Higher order elements : These elements use parabolic, cubic or higher order displacement
interpolation function between the nodes. Thus, when the parabolic elements are subjected to loads
their shape follow parabolic deformation equation. These elements have additional nodes on side
between primary nodes. They are used to improve the accuracy of solution, however they increase
the computation time. Higher order elements can be further classified according to dimensionality.
1-D Element :
Parabolic Beam
Element
Primary nodes
2-D Elements :
Parabolic
Triangular
Element
3-D Elements :
Parabolic
Tetrahedron
Element
Parabolic
Quadrilateral
Element
Parabolic
Wedge
Element
Secondary nodes
Parabolic
Brick
Element
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CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Using Beam Mesher (1/3)

Beam Mesher is used to create 1-D beam element
mesh. It provides linear as well as parabolic elements.
You can use beam meshing for wireframe parts.
You will see how to create beam mesh.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
In Mesh Parts toolbar, click Beam Mesher icon.

Click on the edge to be meshed.
Click on Element Type button to select
parabolic element.
Enter Element Size.
Check Sag control option. Sag control is
generally used in case of curved geometry.
Enter sag size in the Sag: field.
Enter Min size and click OK. In similar way,
mesh all the edges using Beam Mesher.
Geometry to
be meshed
3
4
6
7
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CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:

8.
Right-click on the Nodes and Elements in

specification tree to open contextual menu.
9. Click on Mesh Visualization option.
10. Double-click on the Mesh Image icon to edit the
image.
11. In Mesh Tab, check the Display nodes of
elements option.
12. Click OK.
11
10
FE Model for the above geometry
12
18
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
In the FE mesh the effect of sag is important. Sag is the general maximum tolerance between
discretization and the real part used for the computation.
The element size you are using will not exactly
map to the curved geometry. Sag is the
perpendicular distance between the actual
geometry and the Element. Lesser the sag
value finer will be the mapping of elements with
geometry and more accurate will be the FE
model.
Generally SAG value is taken 10% of the element
mesh size.
The effect of sag value can be studied using the
beam meshing. Yellow color shows actual
geometry curve. Green color shows FE Model.
In a similar way, the sag is applicable to the

triangle and tetrahedron mesh also.
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CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Using OCTREE Triangle Mesher (1/2)

OCTREE Triangle Mesher is used to create 2-D
triangular element mesh. It provides linear as well
as parabolic elements. You can use this meshing
for surface parts.
You will see how to create OCTREE Triangle
mesh.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
In Mesh Parts toolbar, click OCTREE

Triangle Mesher icon.
Click on the surface to be meshed.
In Global Tab, Enter element Size
Check Absolute sag option and enter the
value.
In Element Type, check parabolic element.
Click OK.
3
5
6
20
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Using OCTREE Triangle Mesher (2/2)

7.
8.

the specification tree to open contextual
menu.
Click on Mesh Visualization option. You
will get the mesh image.
21
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Using OCTREE Tetrahedron Mesher (1/3)

OCTREE Tetrahedron Mesher is used to create 3-D tetrahedral elements popularly known as tet
mesh. It provides linear as well as parabolic elements. You can use this meshing for solid parts.
You will see how to create OCTREE Tetrahedron mesh.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
In Mesh Parts toolbar, click OCTREE

Tetrahedron Mesher icon.
Click on the part to be meshed.
In Global Tab, Enter element Size.
Check Absolute sag option and enter the
value.
In Element Type, check parabolic element.
Click OK.
5
6
For part geometry, once you switch to GPS

workbench, OCTREE Mesh is automatically applied.
22
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:

7.
8.

the specification tree to open the
contextual menu.
Click on Mesh Visualization option. You
will get the mesh image.
23
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
The effect of sag is important in the triangle and

tetrahedron mesh also, as in beam mesher.
The two types of sag are global sag and local sag.
Global sag is the general maximum tolerance
between discretization and the real part used for the
computation.
Local sag is the maximum tolerance between
discretization and the real part applied locally, to a
user specified area of the model.
You can study the change in the mesh with

change in either global or local sag value, from
the images.
FE Model with Element size 15mm

Absolute sag 1.5mm
Local sag is
applied to the
area of hole
FE Model with Element size 15mm,
Absolute sag 0.5 mm, Local sag 0.1mm
FE Model with Element size 15mm,

Absolute sag 0.5 mm
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CATIA V5 Analysis
Step 4: Assigning Physical Property
Student Notes:
You will learn what is Physical

Property, different types of Physical
Property and how to assign Physical
Property to mesh.
Applying Material
Generating Mesh
4.
Assigning Physical
Property
5.
6.

Model
1.
2.
3.
25
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Physical Property
Physical Property associates various physical properties to the mesh generated. In CATIA, physical
property means cross-section, thickness, material properties. It uses geometry of the mesh or mesh
part as support to apply Physical Property. You can also apply physical property directly to orphan
meshes.
Different physical property to be attached depends on the
mesh used to create FE model as shown in following table.
Physical Property Assigned to

Mesh
Mesh Type
Physical Property Name
Beam
1D Property
1.
2.
Cross-section
Material
2D Property
1.
2.
Thickness
Material
3D Property
1.
Material
OCTREE Triangle
OCTREE
Tetrahedron
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CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
1D Property
1D Property offers you a set of standard cross-sections and material to be associated
to the beam mesh. You can create a FE model for all standard available cross-sections
using beam mesh.
Consider a case of creating a FE model for actual I-beam channel as shown using 1-D
beam element. You will use line geometry with length equal to channel length and mesh
it using Beam Mesher. Now you will see how to apply 1D Property to beam mesh.
1D Beam Mesh with line geometry
I-beam channel section to be FE

modeled using Beam Mesh and
1D property
27
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Applying 1D Property (1/2)

1.
2.
3.
4.
In Model Manager toolbar, click 1D

Property icon.
Click on the edge as a support in the
Supports field.
Check User-defined material option.
Click in the Material field and select User
Material.1 from the specification tree.
If material is already applied to the geometry it will

be by default assigned in the Material field. You can
change the material by checking User-defined
material option.
28
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Applying 1D Property (2/2)

5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
In Type field, select Thin I-beam from

dropdown.
Click on the Component edition button
to enter thin I-beam parameters.
Enter Beam Definition parameters and
click OK.
In Orientation geometry field, select
xy plane from the specification tree.
Click OK.
6
8
FE model for I-beam channel

section using Beam Mesh
29
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
2D Property
2D Property allows you to associate thickness and
material to the OCTREE Triangle mesh.
Consider a case of creating the FE model for a
sheet metal section, as shown using OCTREE
Triangle elements. You will use sheet metal section
surface geometry and mesh it using OCTREE
Triangle Mesher.
Now you will see how to apply 2D Property to
OCTREE Triangle mesh to associate thickness and
material.
Sheet metal section to be FE modeled using

OCTREE Triangle Mesh and 2D Property

by default get assigned in Material field. You can
material option.
OCTREE Triangle Mesh with surface geometry
30
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Applying 2D Property
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
In Model Manager toolbar, click 2D Property

icon.
Click on the surface as a support in the
Supports field.
Enter 5mm in Thickness field and click OK.
2
4
31
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
3D Property
3D Property lets you to assign material to be associated
to the OCTREE Tetrahedron mesh.
Consider a case in which turbine blade part geometry is
meshed using OCTREE tetrahedron elements. Now you
will see how to assign 3D Property.
Turbine blade to be FE modeled using

OCTREE Triangle Mesh and 3D Property

by default get assigned in Material field. You can
material option.
32
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Applying 3D Property
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
In Model Manager toolbar click 3D Property

icon.
Click on the part geometry as a support in the
supports field.
Click OK.
33
CATIA V5 Analysis
Exercise 2A
Student Notes:
Recap Exercise
15 min
In this exercise, you will perform Beam meshing for 1D component and assign 1D
Property.
Detailed instructions for this exercise are provided.
By the end of this exercise you will be able to:
Use Beam Mesher
Assign 1D Property to beam mesh
34
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Exercise 2A (1/2)
1.
Open a part.
Open 2A_Hollow_Shaft_1D_Start.CATPart.
2.
Create a Static Analysis Case.

Access GPS workbench.
a.
3.
Click OK for the warning message.
Mesh the geometry.

Mesh the line geometry with Beam Mesher.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
In Mesh Parts toolbar, click Beam Mesher

icon.
Click on the line.
Select Element Type as Linear.
Enter Element size 10 mm.
Click OK.
2a
3a
3c
3d
3b
3e
35
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Exercise 2A (2/2)
4.
Assign physical property to beam mesh.

Apply 1D Property to the beam mesh
generated.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
4a

Property icon.
In Type field, select Tubular Beam
from dropdown.
Click on the Component edition
button.
Enter Outside radius 40 mm and
Inside radius 20 mm and click OK.
Click on the OK in 1D Property
Dialogue box.
4b
4b
4c
4d
4e
36
CATIA V5 Analysis
Exercise 2A: Recap
Student Notes:
Use Beam Mesher.
Assign 1D Property to beam mesh.
37
CATIA V5 Analysis
Exercise 2B
Student Notes:
Recap Exercise
15 min
In this exercise, you will perform OCTREE Triangle meshing for 2D component and
assign 2D Property. Detailed instructions for this exercise are provided.

Use OCTREE Triangle Mesher
Assign 2D Property to OCTREE Triangle mesh
38
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Exercise 2B (1/3)
1.
Open a part.
Open 2B_Hollow_Shaft_2D_Start.CATPart.
2.

3.
Mesh the geometry.

Mesh the surface geometry with OCTREE Triangle
Mesher.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
In Mesh Parts toolbar, click OCTREE Triangle

Mesher icon.
Click on the hollow shaft surface.
Enter 150 mm in Size field.
Check the Absolute sag option and enter 15 mm.
Check Element Type as Parabolic.
Click on OK.
3b
3c
3d
3a
3e
Please note that, this mesh is not optimal and

should only be used for preliminary analysis.
3f
39
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Exercise 2B (2/3)
4.
Create Mesh Image.

Use Mesh Visualization option to create Mesh
Image.
a.
b.
c.
4a

Click on Mesh Visualization option.
Click OK for the warning message to
update the mesh. You will get the mesh
image.
4b
4c
40
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Exercise 2B (3/3)
5.
Assign physical property to OCTREE Triangle

mesh.
Apply 2D Property to the OCTREE Triangle
mesh generated.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Property icon.
In Supports field select OCTREE
Triangle Mesh.1 from Specification tree.
Enter 2mm in Thickness field.
Click OK.
5a
5b
5b
5c
5d
41
CATIA V5 Analysis
Exercise 2B: Recap
Student Notes:
Use OCTREE Triangle Mesher.
Assign 2D Property to OCTREE Triangle

mesh.
42
CATIA V5 Analysis
Exercise 2C
Student Notes:
Recap Exercise
15 min
In this exercise, you will perform Tetrahedron meshing for 3D component and assign
3D Property. Detailed instructions for this exercise are provided.
Use Tetrahedron Mesher
Assign 3D Property to Tetrahedron mesh
43
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Exercise 2C (1/3)
1.
Open a part.
Open 2C_Hollow_Shaft_3D_Start.CATPart.
2.

3.
Edit the OCTREE Tetrahedron Mesh.

You will find OCTREE Tetrahedron mesh is
automatically applied when you switch to GPS
workbench.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
3a
Double-click on OCTREE Tetrahedron Mesh.1 :

Hollow_Shaft in Nodes and Elements node in the
specification tree.
Enter 80 mm in the Size field.
Check the Absolute sag option and enter 8 mm.
Check Element Type as Parabolic.
Click OK.
Please note that, this mesh is not optimal and

should only be used for preliminary analysis.
3b
3c
3d
3e
44
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Exercise 2C (2/3)
4.
Create Mesh Image

Use Mesh Visualization option to create Mesh
Image.
a.
b.
c.
4a

Click on Mesh Visualization option.
Click OK for the warning message to
update the mesh. You will get the mesh
image.
4b
4c
45
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Exercise 2C (3/3)
5.
Assign physical property to OCTREE

Tetrahedron mesh.
You will find 3D Property is automatically
applied to OCTREE Tetrahedron mesh
when you switch to GPS workbench.
a.
b.
Double-click on 3D Property.1 in
Properties.1 node in specification tree.
You can see the Part material is already
assigned to mesh.
Click OK.
4a
4b
46
CATIA V5 Analysis
Exercise 2C: Recap
Student Notes:
Use OCTREE Tetrahedron Meshing.
Assign 3D Property to OCTREE Tetrahedron

mesh.
47
CATIA V5 Analysis
Step 5: Applying Restraints and Loads
Student Notes:
You will learn what are boundary

conditions, different types of restraints
and loads and tools to apply restraints.
Applying Material
Generating Mesh
5.
Applying Restraints and

Loads
6.

Model
1.
2.
3.
4.
48
CATIA V5 Analysis
Restraints (1/3)
Student Notes:
Restraints are used to specify support or boundary

conditions for FE model. Restraints restrict
displacement of supports of structure in desired
direction. This is done by providing zero
displacement values for specific Degrees of
Freedoms of nodes present at support in FE model.
CATIA provides following types toolbars for restraints :
Restraints
Mechanical Restraints
Advanced Restraints
The restraints are directly applied onto the geometry
(surfaces, lines, points). The type of restraint that can
be applied will depend upon the geometry selected.
Degrees of Freedom (DOF) are the variables solved
during analysis, which for a pure structural
analysis are the nodal displacements and rotations.
49
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Restraints (2/3)
Restraint Type
Icon
Clamp
Surface Slider
Slider
Support
Point, vertex, edge,
face, virtual part
Face
Virtual part
Purpose of Restraint
You will apply to surface or curve geometry support.
DOFs of all nodes lying on that support are blocked.
You will apply on surface to slide along a coinciding rigid

surface. Nodes on surface will have only translation
DOFs parallel to coinciding rigid surface.
You will define the sliding direction. The virtual part is

allowed to slide along an axis parallel to the sliding
direction and passing through the fixed point.
You will allow virtual part to rotate around support point.
Ball Joins
Point, vertex, virtual

part
Virtual parts are structures created without a

geometric support. They represent bodies for
which no geometry model is available, but which
play a role in the structural analysis of single part
or assembly systems.
50
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Restraints (3/3)
Restraint Type
Icon
Pivot
Sliding Pivot
User-defined
Restraint
Virtual part
Virtual part
Point, vertex, edge,

face, virtual part
Lines, surface, part
Purpose of Restraint
You will define the pivot direction. The virtual part is
allowed to rotate around an axis parallel to the pivot
direction and passing through the fixed point.
You will define the sliding pivot direction. The virtual

part is allowed to translate along and to rotate around an
axis parallel to the sliding pivot direction and passing
through the fixed point.
You can fix any combination of available nodal degrees
of freedom on arbitrary geometries.
You will select the support. The program automatically

chooses three points and restrains some of their
degrees of freedom according to the 3-2-1 rule. The
resulting restraint prevents the body from rigid body
translations and rotations, without over-constraining it.
Iso-static
Restraint
Support
51
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Applying Clamp Restraint

You will see how to apply clamp restraint.
1.
2.
3.
In Restraint toolbar, click Clamp icon.

Select the required surface to clamp in
Supports field.
Click OK.
2
3
52
CATIA V5 Analysis
Loads (1/3)
Student Notes:
Loads are inputs to the system. The purpose of FEA

is to study behavior of the structure to the input
loads. They can be in the forms of forces, moments,
pressures, temperature, accelerations.
CATIA provides following types of loads which
can be applied on the structure.
Pressure
Body Motion
Forces
Force Densities
Enforced Displacements
Assembled Loads
The loads are directly applied onto the geometry
(surfaces, lines, points). The type of load that can be
applied will depend upon the geometry selected.
53
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Loads (2/3)
Load Type
Icon
Support
Face
Description
The force direction is everywhere
normal to the surface.
Pressure
N/m2
Acceleration
N/Kg
or
m/s2
Body 1D, Body 2D,

Body 3D, Mesh Part,
Virtual part
It represents mass body force fields

of uniform magnitude applied to
parts.
Angular Vel. in rad/s

Angular Accl. in rad/s2
Body 1D, Body 2D,

Body 3D, Mesh Part,
Virtual part
It represents mass body force fields

induced by rotational motion
applied to parts.
Point, Vertex,
Edge, Face, Virtual part
It represents force system statically

equivalent to a given pure force
resultant at a given point.
Rotation Force
Distributed Force
Moment
Units (SI)
Nm
Point, Vertex,
Edge, Face, Virtual part
It represents force systems

statically equivalent to a given pure
couple (single moment resultant).
The distributed force applied directly to the nodes of the selected entity
(In the distribution, all the nodes are equally taken into account) whereas
the pressure and the surface force density applies to the element face of
the selected entity. So the later types of load are more accurate.
54
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Loads (3/3)
Load Type
Icon
Line Force
Density
Surface Force
Density
Volume Force
Density
Unit
N/m
N/m2
N/m3
Force Density
Enforced
Displacements
Translation in mm
Rotation in deg
Assembled Load
Support
Description
Edge
It represents line traction fields of

uniform magnitude applied to curve
geometries.
Face
It represents surface traction fields of

uniform magnitude applied to surface
geometries.
Body 3D, Mesh part
It represents volume body force fields

of uniform magnitude applied to parts.
Point, Vertex,
Face, Body
It helps to create the equivalent of the

existing line force density, surface
force density and body force by giving
only as input a force in Newton.
Restraint
It assigns non-zero displacement

values in previously restrained
directions.
Assembled Load is defined in an
assembled analysis and therefore
applied on the assembled mesh. This
load is concatenation of several loads
defined in sub analysis.
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CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Applying Pressure Loads

You will see how to apply Pressure load.
1.
2.
3.
4.
In Loads toolbar, click Pressure icon.

Click on the required surface as a support in
the Supports field.
Enter value 1N_m2 in Pressure field.
Click OK.
3
4
56
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Applying Distributed Force

You will see how to apply Distributed Force.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
In Forces toolbar, click Distributed Force icon.

Click on the required surface as a support in the
Supports field.
Enter the force value 1N in Y field of Force Vector.
Select the Handler point as shown in required.
Click OK.
4
2
3
4
5
57
CATIA V5 Analysis
Step 6: Checking the Finite Element Model
Student Notes:
You will learn the tool to validate the

created FE model.
Applying Material
Generating Mesh
6.
Checking the Finite

Element Model
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Finite Element Model Check (1/2)

Model Check allows you to verify all pre-processing steps done and model is ready for computation.
This provides common platform where you can check all pre-processing data.
If any information is missing, it shows status KO against
that row and provides related error message. Each Tab in
Model Checker provides following information:
Status :
OK
green
KO
red
Bodies Tab
Missing Mesh
Missing Properties
Missing Material
Missing Support
Diagnosis Problems
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CATIA V5 Analysis
Finite Element Model Check (2/2)
Student Notes:
Connections Tab
Kind of Constraints
Part involved
Connection Properties
Connection Status
Others Tab
Loads
Restraints
Virtual Parts
60
CATIA V5 Analysis
To Sum Up
Student Notes:
In the following slides you will find a summary of the topics covered in this lesson.
61
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Pre-processing involves all the steps which are

required to covert a given physical problem into an
equivalent Finite Element problem. This involves
following steps:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Applying material structural property to a part

Meshing the part using elements and nodes
Applying physical property to the mesh
Applying restraints to the mesh
Applying loads to the mesh
Model checking to validate that all the
pre-processing steps are done.
Applying Material
Structural properties are required to calculate the

deformation, strains and stresses. You can apply
material by selecting it from the default material
catalog.
You may need to create the material with specified
properties, which is not available in the standard
material catalog. In this case, you can use User
Material option to create the material with your own
specification.
62
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Generating Mesh
Meshing involves approximating actual physical
structure into Finite Element Model using several
simple geometric shapes called elements. Mesh is
representation of the mathematical idealization of
the structure.
On the basis of dimensionality, elements can be
classified as 1D, 2D, and 3D elements. According
to the order of the displacement equation,
elements can be classified as Linear and Higher
order elements. You can use Beam Mesher,
OCTREE Triangle Mesher, and OCTREE
Tetrahedron Mesher to mesh wireframes,
surfaces, and solids respectively.

In CATIA, physical property means cross-section,
thickness, and material properties. It uses
geometry of the mesh or mesh part as support to
apply Physical Property. You can also apply
physical property directly to orphan meshes.
The physical property to be attached depends on
the mesh used to create FE model as shown in the
table.
Mesh Type
Physical Property
Name
Beam
1D Property
OCTREE Triangle
OCTREE
Tetrahedron
2D Property
3D Property
Physical Property Assigned

to Mesh
1.
2.
Cross-section
Material
1.
2.
Thickness
Material
1.
Material
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CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:

The restraints are used to specify the support or
boundary conditions for FE model. Restraints
restrict the displacement of supports of the structure
in required direction, by providing zero displacement
values for specific Degrees of Freedoms at nodes
present at support in FE model.
Loads are inputs to the system. They can be form of
forces, moments, pressures, temperatures,
accelerations, etc. The loads are directly applied
onto the geometry (surfaces, lines, points). The type
of load that can be applied will depend upon the
geometry selected.
Model Check allows you to verify that all

pre-processing steps are completed. If any information
is missing, it shows status KO against that row and
provides related error message.
Model Checker contains following 3 tabs.
Status:
OK
Green
KO
Red
Bodies
Connections
Others
64
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Main Tools
Material
1
Apply Material: Lets you apply the material

directly from the default Material catalog.
Mesh Parts
2
Beam Mesher: Lets you create 1-D element mesh.
OCTREE Triangle Mesher: Lets you create 2D

triangular element mesh.
OCTREE Tetrahedron Mesher: Lets you create 3D

tetrahedron element mesh.
4
3
2
Model Manager
5
1D Property: offers you a set of standard crosssections and material to be associated to the
beam mesh.
2D Property: Lets you to associate thickness
and material to the OCTREE Triangle mesh.
3D Property: Lets you to assign material to be

associated to the OCTREE Tetrahedron mesh.
User Material: Lets you create your own

user-defined material with required properties.
7
6
5
8
65
CATIA V5 Analysis
Exercise 2D
Student Notes:
Recap Exercise
15 min
In this exercise, you will apply boundary conditions, load and check the FE model for
1D mesh. Detailed instructions for this exercise are provided.
Apply Clamp Restraint
Apply Distributed Force
Use Model Checker tool
66
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Exercise 2D (1/4)
1.
Apply Boundary Conditions.

Open
2D_Hollow_Shaft_1D_Start.CATAnalysis
Apply Clamp Restraint.
a.
b.
c.
In Restraint toolbar, click Clamp icon

Select the vertex to clamp in Supports
field.
Click OK.
1a
1b
Please note that, the support for Clamp in

this case should be vertex and not point.
1c
67
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Exercise 2D (2/4)
2.
Apply Load.
Apply Distributed Force.
a.
b.
c.
In Forces toolbar, click Distributed Force

icon.
Click on the vertex as a support in the
Supports field.
Select Type in Axis System as User from
dropdown list.
2a
2c
2b
68
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Exercise 2D (3/4)
d.
e.
f.
In Current axis field select

Axis_System_User_Defined.1 from the
specification tree.
Enter the force value 1N in Z field of Force
Vector.
Click OK.
2d
2d
2e
2f
69
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Exercise 2D (4/4)
3.
Check the FE Model.

Use Model check tool to check model
inconsistency.
a.
b.
c.
In Model Manager toolbar, click

Model Checker icon.
Check for the green signal and
message that The whole model is
consistent.
Click OK.
3a
3b
Please note that, if the signal is Red, it means

that model is not consistent. In this case, you
will get KO in Status column in Body tab.
3c
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CATIA V5 Analysis
Exercise 2D: Recap
Student Notes:

Use Model Checker tool.
71
CATIA V5 Analysis
Exercise 2E
Student Notes:
Recap Exercise
15 min
2D mesh. High-level instructions are provided for this exercise.
Apply Distributed Force
72
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Exercise 2E (1/3)
1.

Open
2E_Hollow_Shaft_2D_Start.CATAnalysis
Select Edge shown as support for clamp.
Edge to be
Clamped
73
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Exercise 2E (2/3)
2.
Applying Load.
Select the edge shown as support.
Select User-defined Axis System.
Enter 1N force in Z field as shown.
Edge to be selected to
apply Distributed force
User-defined
Axis system to
be selected
74
CATIA V5 Analysis
Exercise 2E (3/3)
Checking the FE Model.
Use Model checker tool to check
model inconsistency.
4.
View Mesh Image.

Activate the Mesh Image by
double-click on Mesh image in
specification tree.
3.
Student Notes:
75
CATIA V5 Analysis
Exercise 2E: Recap
Student Notes:

76
CATIA V5 Analysis
Exercise 2F
Student Notes:
Recap Exercise
15 min
3D mesh. High-level instructions are provided for this exercise.
Apply Pressure
77
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Exercise 2F (1/3)
1.

Open
2F_Hollow_Shaft_3D_Start.CA
TAnalysis
Select the face of hollow shaft
shown as support for clamp.
Local Axis
System
Face to be
Clamped
78
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Exercise 2F (2/3)
2.
Applying Load.
Apply Pressure.
Select the surface shown as support.
Enter -1N_m2 in Pressure field as shown.
Surface to be selected
to apply Pressure
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CATIA V5 Analysis
Exercise 2F (3/3)
Checking the FE Model.
Use Model checker tool to check
model inconsistency.
4.
View Mesh Image.

Activate the Mesh Image by
double-click on Mesh image in the
specification tree.
3.
Student Notes:
80
CATIA V5 Analysis
Exercise 2F: Recap
Student Notes:

81
CATIA V5 Analysis
Case Study: FE Modeling of Drill Press Table
Student Notes:
Recap Exercise
30 min
You will practice what you learned, by completing the case study model. In
this exercise, you will create FE model for Drill Press Table.
Recall the design intent of this model:
Understand the structural properties of Drill Press
Table. Check for standard material with these
properties in material catalogue or create new User
material.
Decide the mesh (1D, 2D or 3D) to be used to map
actual problem into FE model. As per the geometry
dimensions use appropriate Mesher.
Understand and assign the physical property to the
created mesh part.
Understand and apply the restraints (boundary
conditions) on the mesh part.
Understand and apply the forces acting on the Drill
Press Table.
Check the created FE model.
82
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Case Study: Introduction
The case study for this lesson is the Drill Press Table.
The focus of this case study is to create a Finite Element
model for Drill Press Table. You will perform following
steps independently in order to achieve this.
1. Create and apply specified Material.
2. Decide and create relevant mesh.
3. Decide and assign corresponding physical property.
4. Decide and apply boundary conditions.
5. Decide the loading conditions and apply load.
6. Check the FE model.
You will understand the actual physical problem and use
this information to perform above steps to create FE model.
Drill press Table Component
83
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Design Intent (1/4)

You will now understand the physical problem. The figure
shows the drill press assembly. You can see, while drilling
operation, the Drill Press Table is fixed to the stand as
shown in fig. The workpiece is located firmly on the table
with clamps in order to get drilled.
Understand the structural properties of Drill Press
Table. The table of drill press is composed of steel
having following properties.
The material is an isotropic material.
Young's Modulus = 2.1e+011 N_m2.
Drill Press Table

fixed to stand
Poisson's Ratio = 0.268.

Density = 7862 kg/m3.
Stand
Thermal Expansion = 1.19e-005 /Kdeg.
Yield Strength = 2.6e+008 N_m2.

Check for the standard material with these
properties in material catalogue or create new
material with User Material and edit properties.
84
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Design Intent (2/4)

Decide the mesh (1D, 2D or 3D) to be used to map actual
problem into FE model.
In this case, it is not possible to use beam FE model. The
surface FE model will take more efforts to covert part model
to surface model and may oversimplify the geometry by
removing stiffeners. You can directly model this part as 3D
mesh to take advantage of existing part model.
Mesh generated
Use OCTREE Tetrahedron mesh

Understand the physical property to be applied on the
mesh parts:
The type of physical property to be applied depends on the
type of mesh used.
Clamp applied
If Part model is 3D Geometry, the OCTREE

Tetrahedron mesh and 3D Property is automatically
applied when you switch to GPS workbench.
Understand the restraints (boundary conditions) on the
parts:
As the Table is fixed to the stand, it means that the surface
of table which is in contact with stand surface will not
deform. It means all DOFs are fixed for this surface of
table.
Thus, you can apply Clamp restraint for this surface.
85
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Design Intent (3/4)

Understand the forces acting on the Drill Press Table.
Now you will study the forces acting on the table. The
torque applied by the electric motor is transmitted to
table through drill-bit and workpiece. The drill press
operator applies downward force of 10 N to move drill
in vertically downward direction. This force will be
transmitted to table through drill-bit and workpiece.
The torque and downward force will be transmitted to
table through bottom surface of workpiece. You can
assume both forces remain constant with respect to
time. As the applied loads are stationary with time,
you will perform Static Analysis. For the purpose of
simplicity you will neglect Torque and you will perform
the analysis assuming only downward force acting on
the table.
Pressure is applied
only on the green area
Use Static Analysis Case
The downward force can be approximated as

pressure on the area equal to bottom of
workpiece.
86
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Design Intent (4/4)

Validate the FE model created.
It is necessary to check the FE model to ensure that all
steps required to perform computation are done.
Use Model Check tool.
You can summarize the pre-processing information received

from the above study: Now you can map this pre-processing
information into FE Model in CATIA.
87
CATIA V5 Analysis
Do It Yourself : FE Modeling of Drill Press Table
Student Notes:
The following steps offer hints to guide you through

the creation of FE model for Drill Press Table.
1.
Open the given part Drill_Press_Table_Start

model. Switch to GPS workbench.
Browse through the files and open the model
Drill_Press_Table_Start .CATPart
2.
Create User Material.

Create a User Material steel and edit its structural
properties for material specifications provided. Name
the Material as Modified_Steel.
3.
Edit OCTREE Tetrahedron Mesh.

Keep the default mesh size and sag values as 10% of
mesh size. Generate Mesh Visualization.
88
CATIA V5 Analysis
Student Notes:
Do It Yourself : FE Modeling of Drill Press Table

4.
Edit 3D Property.
Select the Modified_Steel in property.
5.

Apply Clamp Restraint to the surfaces shown.
6.
Clamp applied
Apply Loads.
You have to apply 10 N Load as pressure on

selected area shown. Measure the surface area
and calculate the pressure value.
Pressure
applied
7.
Check the Model.

Check the model for consistency.
89
CATIA V5 Analysis
Case Study: FE Modeling of Drill Press Table Recap
Student Notes:
Understand the structural properties of

Drill Press Table. Check for standard
material with these properties in material
catalogue or create new material.
Decide the mesh (1D, 2D or 3D) to be used
to map actual problem into FE model. As
per the geometry dimensions use
appropriate Mesher.
Understand and assign the physical
property to be applied on the created mesh
part.
Understand and apply the restraints

(boundary conditions) to be applied on the
mesh part.
Understand and apply the forces acting on
the Drill Press Table.
Check the created FE model.
90

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CATIA V5 Analysis

Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES

Case Study: FE Modelling of Drill Press Table

Duration: Approximately 0.25 days

Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES

Case Study: FE Modelling of Drill Press Table

Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES

Drill Press Table Component

Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES

Drill Press Table with Mesh, Restraints and Load

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The table is fixed to the stand with a Clamp restraint

Drill Press Table Component

A downward force of 10 N will be applied and

Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES

Stages in the Process

Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES

Drill press Table FE Model

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Step 1: What is Pre-processing

You will get learn what is preprocessing and activities to be

Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES

Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES

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Applying material structural property to a part,

Meshing the part to create Finite Element model

Applying physical property to the mesh to associate

Applying restraints to the mesh which represents

Applying loads on the mesh, which represents

Model Checking to validate that all pre-processing

Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES

Step 2: Applying Material

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Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES

Structural properties of material are required to calculate

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create your own user-defined material

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Applying Material (1/2)

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In Apply Material toolbar click Apply

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Applying Material (2/2)

In View Mode toolbar, click Customize

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Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES

Part shown in Custom View Mode

Creating User Material (1/2)

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In Model Manager toolbar click User

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Creating User Material (2/2)

In Materials.1 node in specification tree

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Step 3: Generating Mesh

Assigning Physical Property

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Mesh Generation (1/3)

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2-D Elements : These elements must be used to