SLENDERNESS CHECK FOR ALUMINUM PROFILES

ACCORDING BS 8118
I. PROFILE SECTION

II. ELEMENT DESIGNATION

III. MATERIAL PARAMETERS

A. Limiting Stresses (Section 4.2)
Alloy type and Condtion
Limiting stress for bending and overall yielding, p o

6063-T6 Extrusion (Table 4.1 Limiting Stresses)

(Table 4.1 Limiting Stresses)
160 N/mm2
175 N/mm2
95 N/mm2

Limiting stress for local capacity for axial force, p a

Limiting stress in shear, p v
IV. SECTION CLASSIFICATION FOR LOCAL BUCKLING (Section 4.3)
A. CHECK FOR SLENDERNESS PARAMETER
Type of thin walled element for Element 1
Type of stress gradient
Element depth or width,b or d
Element thickness, t
Height of stiffening element, c
Thickness of stiffening element, t
MODE 1
Ratio of height to thickness of the stiffening element, c/t
Factor h for slenderness parameter
Parameter

h = {1+2.5(c/t - 1) /(b/t)}

Flat internal element

Element under stress gradient at the neutral axis
179 mm
2.5 mm
30 mm
2.5 mm
30 / 2.5 = 12
-0.5

{1 + 2.5(12 - 1) / 71.6}^-0.5 = 0.44

0.44 179 / 2.5 = 31.32

= h b/t

(Table 4.1 Limiting Stresses)

(Table 4.1 Limiting Stresses)

(Section 4.3.1.2 Types of ele.)

(Section 4.3.2.2 )

(Section 4.3.2.2 )
(Section 4.3.2.2 )
(Section 4.3.2.2 )
(Figure 4.2 and Table K.1)
(Section 4.3.2.2 )

MODE 2
Element depth or width,b or d
Element thickness, t
Distances from the neutral axis to the compression edge, y c

132 mm
2.5 mm
94 mm

(Section 4.3.2.2 )

Distances from the neutral axis to the Tension edge, y o

-38 mm

(Section 4.3.2.2 )

Ratio of element edges, yo/yc

Factor g for slenderness parameter

-38 / 94 = -0.4
g = 0.70 + 0.30(yo/yc)

0.7 + 0.3 (-38 / 94) = 0.58

(Section 4.3.2.2 )
(Figure 4.2 and Table K.1)

Parameter

0.58 (132 / 2.5) = 30.62

Type of thin walled element for Element 2

Type of stress gradient
Element depth or width,b or d
Element thickness, t
Distances from the neutral axis to the compression edge, y c

Flat internal element (Section 4.3.1.2 Types of ele.)

Element under other stress gradient (Section 4.3.2.2 )
38 mm
2.5 mm
(Section 4.3.2.2 )
97 mm

Distances from the neutral axis to the Tension edge, y o

Ratio of element edges, yo/yc
Factor g for slenderness parameter

94 / 97 = 0.97
g = 0.70 + 0.30(yo/yc)

Parameter

Type of thin walled element for Element 3

Type of stress gradient
Element depth or width,b or d
Element thickness, t
Distances from the neutral axis to the compression edge, y c
Distances from the neutral axis to the Tension edge, y o
Ratio of element edges, yo/yc
Factor g for slenderness parameter
Parameter

94 mm

0.7 + 0.3 (94 / 97) = 0.99

0.99 (38 / 2.5) = 15.05

(Section 4.3.2.2 )

(Section 4.3.2.2 )
(Section 4.3.2.2 )
(Figure 4.2 and Table K.1)
(Section 4.3.2.2 )

Flat outstand element

Element under other stress gradient
27 mm
2 mm
(Section 4.3.2.2 )
89.37 mm
87.37 mm
87.37 / 89.37 = 0.98
0.7 + 0.3 (87.37 / 89.37) = 0.99
0.99 (27 / 2) = 13.37

(Section 4.3.2.2 )
(Section 4.3.2.2 )
(Figure 4.2 and Table K.1)
(Section 4.3.2.2 )

B. CLASSIFICATION OF INDIVIDUAL ELEMENTS

For element classification parameters (Section 4.3.3.4)
1
fully compact
1 < O

semi-compact

> o

slender

Limiting Values of

(Section 4.3.3.4 Table 4.3)

Elements

Unwelded

Outstand elements
Internal Elements
where = (250/p o )

0.5

7
22

1
Welded

Unwelded

For element 1
Where element 1 is unwelded and Flat internal element
31.32
=
1 =
18 1.25 = 22.5

(Section 4.3.3.4)
(Section 4.3.3.4)

o =

22 1.25 = 27.5
THEREFORE THE ELEMENT IS SLENDER

(Section 4.3.3.4)

For element 2
Where element 2 is unwelded and Flat internal element
15.05
=
1 =
18 1.25 = 22.5

(Section 4.3.3.4)
(Section 4.3.3.4)

o =
22 1.25 = 27.5
THEREFORE THE ELEMENT IS FULLY-COMPACT

(Section 4.3.3.4)

For element 3
Where element 3 is unwelded and Flat outstand element
13.37
=
1 =
6 1.25 = 7.5

(Section 4.3.3.4)
(Section 4.3.3.4)

o =
7 1.25 = 8.75
THEREFORE THE ELEMENT IS SLENDER

(Section 4.3.3.4)

V. SECTION CLASSIFICATION FOR SHEAR RESISTANCE (Section 4.5.3)

Clear depth of web between flanges, d
Web thickness, t
Web depth to thickness ratio, d/t
Section classification conditions
Compact
Slender

d/t 49
d/t > 49

THEREFORE THE SECTION IS SLENDER

Welded

6
6
5
18
18
15
= (250 /160) = 1.25

180 mm
2 mm
180 / 2 = 90

where = (250/p o )

0.5

(Section 4.5.3.1)
(Section 4.5.3.1)

= (250 /160) = 1.25

49 =

61.25

VI. DETERMINATION FOR THE STRENGTH CAPACITY OF THE SECTION

A. Moment check
Limiting stress for bending and overall yielding, p o

160 N/mm2

(Table 4.1 Limiting Stresses)

Material factor, m

1.2

(Section 4.5.2.2)

Factored moment resistance, MRS = poZe/m

Elastic modulus of effective section, Ze
B. Calculation for local buckling coefficient for slender sections
For Element 1
Checking for the ratio of /
Reduction factor kL

(Section 4.5.1)
(Section 4.5.2.2)

( 44921 160 / 1.2)/1000 = 5.99 KN-m

44921 mm

(Section 4.5.2.2)

30.62 / 1.25 = 25.06

0.94

(Section 4.3.4.2)

For Element 2
Checking for the ratio of /
Reduction factor kL

NOT NEEDED
NOT NEEDED

(Section 4.3.4.2)

For Element 3
Checking for the ratio of /
Reduction factor kL

13.37 / 1.25 = 10.7

0.78

C. Shear check
Limiting stress in shear, p v
Number of shear webs, N
Depth of shear web, D
Clear depth ofweb, d
Thickness of shear web, t
Effective shear area, Av = 0.8 N D t

95
1
185
180
2.5
0.8 1 2.5 185 = 370

Material factor, m

N/mm2

(Table 4.1 Limiting Stresses)

(Section 4.5.3.2)

mm
mm
mm

(Section 4.5.3.2)

mm2

(Section 4.5.3.2)

1.2

Check for factored shear force, VRS

(Section 4.5.2.2)
(Section 4.5.3.3)

For compact sections, VRS = pvAv/m

For slender sections the minimum of
Yielding check VRS = pvAv/m

95 370/1000 = 35.15 KN
95 370/1000 = 35.15 KN

(Section 4.5.3.3)

340 1 2.5 / (185 1.2) = 24.59 KN

(Section 4.5.3.3)

24.59 KN

(Section 4.5.3.3)

Buckling check VRS = 340Nt /dm

Factored shear force, VRS

D. Tension check
Cross sectional area of the profile, A
Tension capacity, PRS = poA/m

1089.9 mm2
160 1089.9 / 1.2 = 145.32 KN

VII. CHECK FOR LATERAL TORSIONAL BUCKLING

A. Section Parameters
Minor axis radius of gyration, ry
Limiting stress for bending and overall yielding, p o
Parameter, = 250/po
Distance between supports, s
Length between transoms (lateral supports) , l
Elastic modulus, E
Material factor, m

12.81

(Section 4.5.6.2)

160 N/mm2
1.25
3800 mm
2300 mm
70000 N/mm2

(Table 4.1 Limiting Stresses)

1.2
369448 mm3
26600 N/mm2

Moment of inertia, Iy
Shear modulus, G
Torsion constant, J

125757.61 mm

1 mm6

Warping factor, H
B. Exemption check
Cases
Bending about the minor axis
Beam supported against lateral movement throughout its length
Lateral supports to compression spaced less than 40ry

Condition
NO
NO

(Section 4.5.6.2)
(Section 4.5.6.2)
(Section 4.5.6.2)

640.5 mm

(Section 4.5.6.2)

57.93

(Section 4.5.6.6)

Therefore there is a need to check for lateral torsional buckling

C. Buckling stress
Slenderness parameter, = (ES/MCR)
Elastic critical moment, MCR = /l (EIyGJ)

(70000 61721.43 / 12.7 =

0.5

(1 + 2 EH/l2GJ)0.5

MCR = /2300 (70000 369448 26600 125757.61) (1 + 70000 1 / 2300 26600 125757.61) =

Parameter,

Parameter, c
Parameter stress, p1 = mMRS/S

1.2 5.99 / 61721.43 =

The moment capacity of the slender section will be used

Factored moment resistance of the section, MRS

12.70 KN- m
0.6
0.1
2
116.46 N/mm

(Figure 4.9 and Table K.1)

(Figure 4.9 and Table K.1)

5.99 KN-m
3
61721.43 mm

Plastic section modulus of the gross section, S

Parameter,

(57.93 / ) (116.46 / 70000) =

0.75

Parameter,

0.5 (1 + 0.1 / 0.75 + [(1 - 0.10.6)/0.75] =

1.4

(Table K.1)

1.4 ,1 - *1 -(1/0.75 1.4)+- =

0.97

(Table K.1)

Parameter, N =

Buckling stress, ps = Np1

D. Lateral torsional buckling moment resistance

Factored moment resistance, MRX = psS/m

0.97 116.46 =

112.97 61721.43 / 1.2 =

2
112.97 N/mm

5.81 KN-m

(Figure 4.9 and Table K.1)

(Table K.1)

(Section 4.5.6.3)