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ELI

(e'-li) (`eli): A descendant of Ithamar, the fourth son of Aaron, who exercised the
office of high priest in Shiloh at the time of the birth of Samuel. For the first time in
Israel, Eli combined in his own person the functions of high priest and judge, judging
Israel for 40 years <1 Sam 4:18>. The incidents in Eli's life are few; indeed, the main
interest of the narrative is in the other characters who are associated with him. The chief
interest centers in Samuel. In Eli's first interview with Hannah (<1 Sam 1:12> ff), she is
the central figure; in the second interview (<1 Sam 1:24> ff), it is the child Samuel.
When Eli next appears, it is as the father of Hophni and Phinehas, whose worthless and
licentious lives had profaned their priestly office, and earned for them the title "men of
Belial" (or "worthlessness"). Eli administered no stern rebuke to his sons, but only a
gentle chiding of their greed and immorality. Thereafter he was warned by a nameless
prophet of the downfall of his house, and of the death of his two sons in one day <1 Sam
2:27-36>, a message later confirmed by Samuel, who had received this word directly
from Yahweh Himself (<1 Sam 3:11> ff). The prophecy was not long in fulfilment.
During the next invasion by the Philistines, the Israelites were utterly routed, the ark of
God was captured, and Hophni and Phinehas were both slain. When the news reached
Eli, he was so overcome that he "fell from off his seat backward by the side of the gate;
and his neck brake, and he died" <1 Sam 4:18>. The character of Eli, while sincere and
devout, seems to have been entirely lacking in firmness. He appears from the history to
have been a good man, full of humility and gentleness, but weak and indulgent. His is not
a strong personality; he is always overshadowed by some more commanding or
interesting figure.
(from International Standard Bible Encylopaedia, Electronic Database Copyright (C)
1996 by Biblesoft)
ELI

[EE lie] (Jehovah is high)-- a judge and high priest with whom the prophet
Samuel lived during his childhood <1 Sam. 1--4; 14:3>.
(from Nelson's Illustrated Bible Dictionary)
(Copyright (C) 1986, Thomas Nelson Publishers)

DAVID

9. David in Relation to His Family: David discharged, as most Orientals do, his
duty toward his parents <1 Sam 22:3>. To Michal, his first wife, his love was constant <2
Sam 3:13>, although she did not bear him any children. In accordance with the custom of
the times, as his estate improved, he took other wives and slave-girls. The favorite wife of
his latter days was Bathsheba. His court made some show of splendor as contrasted with
the dwellings of the peasantry and the farmer class <19:28,35>, but his palace was
always small and plain, so that it could be left to the keeping of ten women when he
removed from it <15:16>. David and Michal seem to have lived on terms of perfect
equality (<6:20> ff). In this he contrasts somewhat with Ahab (<1 Kin 21:5> ff). David's
chief weakness in regard to his family was his indulgence of some of his sons and
favoring some above others, and want of firmness in regard to them. He could refuse
them nothing <2 Sam 13:27>. His first favorite was his oldest son Amnon (<13:21>,
Septuagint). After the death of Amnon, Absalom became the favorite <18:33>, and after
the death of Absalom, Adonijah <1 Kin 1:6>. Yet David lived for two whole years in
Jerusalem along with Absalom without seeing him <2 Sam 14:28>, and he was
succeeded not by Adonijah, but by Solomon, whose mother was the favorite wife of his
later years.
(from International Standard Bible Encylopaedia, Electronic Database Copyright (C)
1996 by Biblesoft)
DAVID

VI. Domestic Life.-- In accordance with the practice of the kings of his time,
David had several wives.
(from International Standard Bible Encylopaedia, Electronic Database Copyright (C)
1996 by Biblesoft)

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