Design of Abutment for canal trough

Name of work ;1

1.35

pkn

B.W.

DATA
2.00

F.S.D.

0.85

F.B.

0.3

Thickness

0.20

Width

2.00

0.85

Canal
Trough Slab

Length
Trough Side wall

8.00

Length

8.00

Thickness

0.3

Height

1.35

Road slab
Length

8.00

Thickness

0.60

Width

0.00

Concrete
Steel

20

conc. wt.

24000

N/m

Cover

50

mm
3.60

(HYSD)

sst
7

13.86
10.96

E/P
M-

Canal trough height

190

N/m

J =

0.892

Soil wt

18000

R =

1.011

2.90

Soil
Bearing capacity

Abutment
Height (form footing)

wt of Water

160000 N/m2
13.86
10000

top width

0.85

N/m3
m

Length

N/m3

30
3.45

1.90

Heel

Degree

2.10
toe

7.60

0.85

10 REINFORCEMENT
(I) STEM

E/P

Main

25

mm F @

50 mm c/c

Ditri.

10

mm F @

40 mm c/c

Tampr.

10

mm F @

80 mm c/c

20
20

mm F

70 mm c/c
140 mm c/c

13.86
10.96
E/P

Ep

Two way

(II) Toe
Main
Ditri.

mm F

3.60

1.90

(III) Heel
Main
Ditri.

20
20

2.90

mm F @

70 mm c/c
mm F @ 140 mm c/c

2.10

7.60

Earth pressure

Load diagram

diagram
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

Design of Abutment :pkn

Name of work ;1 Load on Abutment :(I) Trough Slab Load =
1
x 2.00 x 8.00 x 0.20 x 24000
(ii) Trough Vertical wall load =
2
x 8.00 x 0.30 x 1.35 x 24000
(III) Water load from trough =
1
x 8.00 x 2.00 x 1.15 x 10000
(IV) Road Slab Load =
1
x 8.00 x 0.00 x 0.80 x 24000
50000 / R m
(V) live load on S/R with (1.5x)empect load
Assume
Total load =
Load on one Abutment will be
416320
=
/
2
=

= 76800 N
= 155520 N
= 184000 N
=
0
N
=
0
N
416320 N
208160 N

2 Design assumption :Top Width of abutment =

Bottom Width of Abutment

=
Length of abutment =

Using

M 20

0.85 m
0.85 +
3.45 m

1.39 =

grade concrete

sst = 190 N/mm

Wt. of soil = 18000 N/m3

J =

F =
Wt. of water =

Height of Abutment = 13.86

Trough depth = 1.35
2.20 m
Gross Height of Abutment = 15.21
Wt. of concrte = 24000
0.892
R = 1.011
Cover =
50
Bearing capacity of soil
30
= 160000
10000 N/m3

3 Diamension of base:The ratio of length of slabe (DE) to base width b is given by eq.
q0
160000
1
=
1
=
a =
2.2 y H
2.2 x #### x 15.21
.
Keep a = 0.73
The width of base is given by Eq.
Ka
1-sin F
1
- 0.50
b = 0.95 H =
=
=
Ka =
(1- a)x(1+3 a)
1+sinF
1
+ 0.5
0.333
x
b = 0.95 x 15.21
=
(
1
- 0.73 )x( 1
+ 2.19 )
The base width from the considration of sliding is given by Eq.
0.7HKa
0.7
x 15.21 x 0.33
b =
=
= 26.26
m
(1-a) m
(
1
- 0.73 )x 0.5
This width is excessive. Normal practice is to provide b between 0.4 to 0.6 H .
Taking maximum value of H = 0.5 =
7.60
b
= 0.50 x 15.21 =
m
Hence Provided b =
7.60
m
Width of toe slab = a x b = 0.27 x 7.60 = 2.05 m Provided toe slab = 2.10
Hence width of heel slab = 7.60 - 1.90 - 2.10 = 3.60 m
Let the thickness of base be
= H/12 = 15.21 / 12 = 1.27 or say
= 1.30 m

m
m
m
N/m3
mm
N/m2

0.734
Eq (1)

0.333
8.98

m
for design
purpose

4 Thickness of stem:Heigth AB = 15.21 - 1.30 = 13.91 m consider 1 m length of retaining wall

0.333 x 18000 x( 13.86 )2
13.86
Maximum Bending k.y.h.H2
k.y.H3
+
=
1.35 +
= 3437063
moment at B =
2
2
6
3
3437063000
BM
Effective depth required
=
=
= 1844
1.011
Rxb
x 1000
Keep, d = 1850 mm and total thick ness = 1850 + 50 say 1900
Reduce the total thickness to = 850
mm at top so that effective depth is
=
800
5 Stability of wall:Full dimension wall is shown in fig 1a
Let W 1 = weight of rectangular portion of stem
w2 = weight of triangular portion of stem

n-m

mm
mm
mm

w3 = weight of base slab

w4 = weight of soil on heel slab.
w5 = Super imposed load over heel slab.
The calculation are arrenged in Table
Detail
w1
1
x 0.85 x 13.91 x 24000
w2 1/2
x 1.05 x 13.91 x 24000
w3
1
x 7.60 x 1.30 x 24000
w4
1
x 3.60 x 13.91 x 18000
w5
1
x 1.35 x 3.60 x 18000
Sw (A)
w6
Load from trough
Sw (B)
7603519
Total resisting moment =
kN-m

Total Earth pressure p =

Over turning moment

Ka x y x H2
=
2
579884
=

0.33 x
x
3

18000

2
13.91

force(kN) lever arm

3.58
= 283764
175266
2.63
=
3.8
= 237120
5.8
= 901368
87480
5.8
=
= 1597518 total MR
3.575
= 208160
1805678
=

Moment about toe

1014456
460073
901056
5227934
507384
7603519
744172
8347691

KN-m
KN-m
KN-m
KN-m
KN-m
KN-m
KN-m
KN-m

..(1)
x( 13.91 )2

579884

2688729

..(2)
N-m

0.60 x 1597518
mSw
=
=
1.65
>
1.5
O.K.
579884
p
2688729
5658962 kN-m
Pressure distribution net moment, SM = 8347691
=
\ Distance x of the point of application of resultant, from toe is
5658962
b
7.60
SM
=
= 3.13 m
=
= 1.2667
x =
1805678
6
6
Sw
b
7.60
Hence
x
=
Eccenticity e =
- 3.13 = 0.67 m
< 1.2667
safe
2
2
1805678
Pressure p1 at
6e
6x 0.67
SW
1+
=
=
x 1+
=
362515 N/m2
toe
7.60
7.60
b
b
1805678
Pressure p1 at
6e
6x 0.67
SW
1=
=
x 1=
112664 N/m2
Heel
7.60
7.60
b
b
Pressure p at the junction of stem with toe slab is
362515 - 112664
p = 362515
x
2.10
=
293477 N-m2
7.60
Pressure p at the junction of stem with Heel slab is
362515 - 112664
p = 362515
x
3.60
=
244165 N-m2
7.60
\F.S. against over turning (without trough
load)

6 Design of toe slab:The weight of soil above the toe slab is neglicted . Thus two forces are acting on it
(1) Up ward soil pressure
(2) Down ward weight of slab
Down ward weight of slab per unit area = 1.30 x
1
x ####
= 31200
N/m2
Hence net pressureUnder D = 293477
31200
= 262277
N-m2
And at under E = 244165
31200
= 212965
N-m2
262277
212965
x
Total force = S.F. at E
=
x 2.10
= 499004
N
2.00
212965 + 2.00 x 262277
2.10
CG of force at E
=
x
= 1.09
m
212965 +
262277
3
499004.00
B.M. at E =
542076.00
x 1.09
=
N-m
\
542076
x 1000
BM
Effective depth required
=
=
=
732
mm say 740
mm
1.011
Rxb
x 1000
Keep effective depth d = 750 mm
and total thickness
=
800 mm

542076
1000
x
190 x 0.892 x 750
3.14 x dia2
using
20 mm bars
A
=
4
= 314 x 1000
\
314
Area of steel provided per meter length =
Ast =

BM x1000
=
sst x j x D

=
=

4265

mm2

3.14 x

20
4
74

/ 4265 =
x 1000
=
70
shear force
=

4486

20

314

mm say =

70

mm2

mm

mm2

499004
= 0.67 N/mm2
1000 x 750
100
x
Ast
100 x 4486
Area of steel provide
=
=
= 0.60 %
b
x
d
1000 x 750
Permissible shear stress tc for 0.60 % steel provided,
tc = 0.31 N/mm2
(see table 3.1)
Here
0.67 > 0.31
unsafe, So increasing depth of slab, or reinforcemet
Maximum permissible shear stress = 0.18 N/mm2 for
15 % steel
499004
shear force
Minimum Depth Required =
=
=
2772 mm
beam ht x tc
1000 x
0.18
100
x
Ast
100 x 4486
Area of steel provide
=
=
= 0.16 %
b
x
d
1000 x 2772
Permissible shear stress for
0.16 % steel provided, tc = 0.18 N/mm2 (see table 3.1)
0.16 < 0.18 safe,
provide effective depth
= 2800 mm
Total Depth 2800 + 100 = 2900
mm
70
Hence Provided 20 mm, F bar, @
mm c/c
Provided Distribution
140 mm c/c
20 mm f @
Actual Shear stress tv

Beam Ht.x beam depth

7 Design of heel slab :Three force act on it

1. down ward weight of soil = 13.91 m
3 upward soil pressure
2 down ward weight of heel slab
1. Total weight of soil
= 3.60 x 13.91 x 18000 = 901368 Acting at 1.80 m from B .
2. Total weight of heel slab
= 3.60 x 1.30 x 24000 = 112320 Acting at 1.80 m from B .
3. Total upward soil pressure = 1/2 x( 244165
112664 )x 3.60 = 642292 N
+
112664
244165
+
2
3.60
x
m from B
Acting at =
x
=
1.58
112664
244165
+
3
112320 - 642292
\
Total shear force at B = 901368
371396 N
+
=
112320 ) x 1.80 642292
\
B.M. At B =( 901368
+
x 1.58 )
810534
=
N-m
810534
x 1000
BM
Effective depth required
=
=
=
895
mm
1.011
Rxb
x 1000
Provide depth same as toe = 2800 mm and total thickness
= 2800 + 50 = 2850 mm
810534
1000
BM x 1000
x
Ast =
=
=
1709
mm2
190 x 0.892 x 2800
sst x j x D
3.14 x ( 20 )'2
P D2
Using 20 mm F bars, Area =
=
=
314 mm2
4
4
A x 1000
314 x
1000
Spacing =
=
= 183.73 mm say
180
mm
Ast
1709

180 mm c/c
20 mm f @
314 x 1000
Area of steel provide =
= 1744
mm2
180
100As
100 x 1744
=
=
= 0.06 %
Less than minimum steel
bxd
1000 x 2800
Hence minimum steel provide
= 0.15 %
0.15
=
x 2800 x 1000 =
4200
mm2
100
Hence Provided

Using 20 mm F bars, Area =

\ Spacing =

1000 x
4200

P D2
=
4
314

3.14 x (
4
75

20

)'2

mm say =

314

70

70
mm c/c
20 mm f @
314 x 1000
Area of steel provide =
= 4486
mm2
70
100As
100 x 4486
=
=
= 0.16 %
bxd
1000 x 2800
shear force
371396
Shear stress t v =
=
Beam Ht.x beam wt.
1000
2800
x
Permissible shear stress for 0.16 % steel provided t c = 0.18 N/mm2
O.K.
Here
0.13 < 0.18
Provided Distribution
140 mm c/c
20 mm f @

mm2

mm c/c

Hence Provided

0.13

N/mm2

(See Table 3.1)

8 Reinforcement in the stem:2688729

Over turning Moment
N-m
=
2688729
x
1000
BM
Effective depth required
=
=
=
1631
mm say 1650
1.011
Rxb
x 1000
Hence provide stem depth =
effective depth = 1800
1900
mm - cover = 100
BM x 100
2688729
x 1000
Ast =
=
=
8814
mm2
sst x j x D
190 x 0.892 x 1800
3.14 x ( 25 )'2
P D2
Using 25 mm F bars, Area =
=
=
491 mm2
4
4
1000 x 491
Spacing
=
\
= 56 mm
8814
50
Hence Provided 25 mm, F bar, @
mm c/c
Distribution and temprechure reinforcement:Average thickness of stem

1900

+
2

850

1375

mm

0.12
x 1000 x 1375 = 1650
mm2
100
3.14 x ( 10 )'2
P D2
Using 10 mm F bars, Area =
=
=
79
mm2
4
4
1000 x 79
\
spacing
= 48 mm say = 40 mm c/c
=
1650
for tempreture reinforcement provide =
10 mm bars =
80 mm c/c both way in outer face
\

Distribution reinforcement

mm
mm

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

20

89

Bars /type
C

34

41

15

44

19

46

25

27

44

16

56

16

46

20

Detail of Reinforcement per meter length

length
dia( length
total lengh
/ space = number x row x
@ wt /mt. =
of bars
of bar
mm) of cc

64

total
wt(kg)

Heel & toe

main bottom
top main
Dist bottom
Dist top

20
20
20
9

1000
1000
7600
7600

/
/
/
/

Stem
main (vertical) 25 13860 /
Stirrups (horz.) 8
10
/
Total steel required

70
140

40

=
=
=
=

15.00
70
55
140

x
x
x
x

2
2
2
2

x
x
x
x

1.55
2.5
1
1

=
=
=
=

47
350
110
280

@
@
@
@

2.47
2.47
2.47
0.50

=
=
=
=

116
864
272
140

=
=

50
1

x
x

4
2

x 6.43 =
x 3.375 =

1286
7.00

@ 3.86
@ 0.40
Total

=
=
=

4961
3.00
6356

64

64

64

64

64

64

64

64

64

Table 1.15. PERMISSIBLE DIRECT TENSILE STRESS

Grade of concrete

M-10

M-15

M-20

M-25

M-30

M-35

M-40

Tensile stress N/mm 2

1.2

2.0

2.8

3.2

3.6

4.0

4.4

Table 1.16.. Permissible stress in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of
concrete
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M

10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50

Permission stress in compression (N/mm 2) Permissible stress in bond (Average) for

Bending acbc
Direct (acc)
plain bars in tention (N/mm2)
(N/mm2)
3.0
5.0
7.0
8.5
10.0
11.5
13.0
14.5
16.0

Kg/m2
300
500
700
850
1000
1150
1300
1450
1600

(N/mm2)
2.5
4.0
5.0
6.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0

Kg/m2
250
400
500
600
800
900
1000
1100
1200

in kg/m2
-60
80
90
100
110
120
130
140

(N/mm2)
-0.6
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4

Table 1.18. MODULAR RATIO

Grade of concrete

Modular ratio m

M-10
31
(31.11)

M-15
19
(18.67)

M-20
13
(13.33)

M-25
11
(10.98)

M-30
9
(9.33)

M-35
8
(8.11)

Table 2.1. VALUES OF DESIGN CONSTANTS

Grade of concrete
Modular Ratio
scbc N/mm2
m scbc
kc
(a) sst =
jc
140
N/mm2 Rc
(Fe 250)
Pc (%)

M-15
18.67
5
93.33

M-20
13.33
7
93.33

M-25
10.98
8.5
93.33

M-30
9.33
10
93.33

M-35
8.11
11.5
93.33

M-40
7.18
13
93.33

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.867

0.867

0.867

0.867

0.867

0.867

0.867

1.214

1.474

1.734

1.994

2.254

0.714

1.214

1.429

1.643

1.857

kc
(b) sst = j
c
190
Rc
N/mm2
Pc (%)

0.329

0.329

0.329

0.329

0.329

0.329

0.89
0.732

0.89

0.89

0.89

0.89

0.89

1.025

1.244

1.464

1.684

1.903

0.433

0.606

0.736

0.866

0.997

1.127

(c ) sst =
230
N/mm2
(Fe 415)

kc

0.289

0.289

0.289

0.289

0.289

0.289

jc

0.904

0.904

0.904

0.904

0.904

0.904

Rc

0.653

0.914

1.11

1.306

1.502

1.698

Pc (%)

0.314

0.44

0.534

0.628

0.722

0.816

(d) sst =
275
N/mm2
(Fe 500)

kc

0.253

0.253

0.253

0.253

0.253

0.253

M-40
7
(7.18)

(d) sst =
275
N/mm2
(Fe 500)

jc

0.916

0.916

0.916

0.914

0.916

0.916

Rc

0.579

0.811

0.985

1.159

1.332

1.506

Pc (%)

0.23

0.322

0.391

0.46

0.53

0.599

Shear stress tc
100As
M-20
bd
0.15
0.18
0.16
0.18
0.17
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.2
0.19
0.21
0.2
0.22
0.2
0.23
0.2
0.24
0.21
0.25
0.21
0.26
0.21
0.27
0.22
0.28
0.22
0.29
0.22
0.3
0.23
0.31
0.23
0.32
0.24
0.33
0.24
0.34
0.24
0.35
0.25
0.36
0.25
0.37
0.25
0.38
0.26
0.39
0.26
0.4
0.26
0.41
0.27
0.42
0.27
0.43
0.27
0.44
0.28
0.45
0.28
0.46
0.28
0.47
0.29
0.48
0.29
0.49
0.29
0.5
0.30
0.51
0.30
0.52
0.30
0.53
0.30
0.54
0.30
0.55
0.31
0.56
0.31
0.57
0.31

Reiforcement %
100As
M-20
bd
0.18
0.15
0.19
0.18
0.2
0.21
0.21
0.24
0.22
0.27
0.23
0.3
0.24
0.32
0.25
0.35
0.26
0.38
0.27
0.41
0.28
0.44
0.29
0.47
0.30
0.5
0.31
0.55
0.32
0.6
0.33
0.65
0.34
0.7
0.35
0.75
0.36
0.82
0.37
0.88
0.38
0.94
0.39
1.00
0.4
1.08
0.41
1.16
0.42
1.25
0.43
1.33
0.44
1.41
0.45
1.50
0.46
1.63
0.46
1.64
0.47
1.75
0.48
1.88
0.49
2.00
0.50
2.13
0.51
2.25

0.58
0.59
0.6
0.61
0.62
0.63
0.64
0.65
0.66
0.67
0.68
0.69
0.7
0.71
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.75
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.79
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.99
1.00
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09

0.31
0.31
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.4
0.4

1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.20
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.30
1.31
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
1.38
1.39
1.40
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.44
1.45
1.46
1.47
1.48
1.49
1.50
1.51
1.52
1.53
1.54
1.55
1.56
1.57
1.58
1.59
1.60
1.61

0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45

1.62
1.63
1.64
1.65
1.66
1.67
1.68
1.69
1.70
1.71
1.72
1.73
1.74
1.75
1.76
1.77
1.78
1.79
1.80
1.81
1.82
1.83
1.84
1.85
1.86
1.87
1.88
1.89
1.90
1.91
1.92
1.93
1.94
1.95
1.96
1.97
1.98
1.99
2.00
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
2.09
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13

0.45
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.50

2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.20
2.21
2.22
2.23
2.24
2.25
2.26
2.27
2.28
2.29
2.30
2.31
2.32
2.33
2.34
2.35
2.36
2.37
2.38
2.39
2.40
2.41
2.42
2.43
2.44
2.45
2.46
2.47
2.48
2.49
2.50
2.51
2.52
2.53
2.54
2.55
2.56
2.57
2.58
2.59
2.60
2.61
2.62
2.63
2.64
2.65

0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51

2.66
2.67
2.68
2.69
2.70
2.71
2.72
2.73
2.74
2.75
2.76
2.77
2.78
2.79
2.80
2.81
2.82
2.83
2.84
2.85
2.86
2.87
2.88
2.89
2.90
2.91
2.92
2.93
2.94
2.95
2.96
2.97
2.98
2.99
3.00
3.01
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.05
3.06
3.07
3.08
3.09
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15

0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51

64

110

64

64

64

64

64

64

64

Table 3.1. Permissible shear stress Table tc in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

100As
bd
< 0.15
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75

Permissible shear stress in concrete

M-15
M-20
M-25
M-30
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.2
0.22
0.22
0.23
0.23
0.29
0.30
0.31
0.31
0.34
0.35
0.36
0.37
0.37
0.39
0.40
0.41
0.40
0.42
0.44
0.45
0.42
0.45
0.46
0.48
0.44
0.47
0.49
0.50
0.44
0.49
0.51
0.53
0.44
0.51
0.53
0.55
0.44
0.51
0.55
0.57
0.44
0.51
0.56
0.58
0.44
0.51
0.57
0.6

%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%

3.00 and above %

tc N/mm2
M-35
M-40
0.2
0.2
0.23
0.23
0.31
0.32
0.37
0.38
0.42
0.42
0.45
0.46
0.49
0.49
0.52
0.52
0.54
0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.60
0.60
0.62
0.62
0.63

Table 3.2. Facor k

Over all depth of slab

300 oe more

1.00

275
1.05

250
1.10

225
1.15

200
1.20

175
1.25

Table 3.3. Maximum shear stress tc.max in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of concrete

M-15
1.6

tc.max

M-20
1.8

M-25
1.9

M-30
2.2

M-35
2.3

M-40
2.5

Table 3.4. Permissible Bond stress Table tbd in concrete (IS : 456-2000)
Grade of concrete M
tbd (N / mm2)

10
--

15
0.6

20
0.8

25
0.9

30
1

35
1.1

40
1.2

Table 3.5. Development Length in tension

Plain M.S. Bars

Grade of concrete
tbd (N / mm2)

H.Y.S.D. Bars

kd = Ld F

tbd (N / mm2)

kd = Ld F

M 15
M 20

0.6

58

0.96

60

0.8

44

1.28

45

M 25
M 30

0.9

39

1.44

40

35

1.6

36

M 35
M 40

1.1

32

1.76

33

1.2

29

1.92

30

M 45
M 50

1.3

27

2.08

28

1.4

25

2.24

26

64

64

150 or less
1.30

(IS : 456-2000)
45
1.3

.D. Bars
kd = Ld F
60
45
40
36
33
30
28
26

50
1.4

64 nos main bars

89 nos main bars

o
o

o
o

210

o
o

Distribution bars
10mm F 250 c/c
1688

150

150

150

12mm F 85 c/c

150

12mm F 120 c/c 8mm F 160 c/c

1256

450

450

7500
6600
Wearing coat 75mm thick

Distribution bars

o
o

o
o

240

o
o

o
o

o
o

Cross section of culvert

Distribution bars
10mm F 175 c/c

o
o

o
o

o
o

300

o
o

o
o

o
o

72 nos main bars

16mm F 105 c/c
o

220

3000
2810

Distribution bars
12mm F 200 c/c
3330

o
o

300
506

300

150

2000
1960

2.00 m span

150

300
416

1.50 m span

150

150

2508

300

160

61 nos main bars

16mm F 125 c/c

1500
1575

130

300
375

300

o
o

3.00 m span

o
o

o
o

o
o

370

o
o

o
o

o
o

o
o

4000
3650

290

300
590

o
o

300

4.00 m span
55 nos main bars
20mm F 140 c/c

Distribution bars
12mm F 175 c/c

o
o

o
o

o
o

430

1
4
5
6

o
o

o
o

o
o

o
o

400

4840
o

400
890

400

NOTES:-

5000
4570

320

400
790

150

o
o

Distribution bars
12mm F 150 c/c

150

150

150

4040

66 nos main bars

20mm F 115 c/c

o
o

o
o

o
o

o
o

480
6000
5360

o
o

o
o

o
o

o
o

o
o

o
o

400

5.00 m span
6.00 m span
Concrete:- M-25
2 Steel:- HSDY as per IS-1786
3 Cover:- 20mmat bottom & 40mm at side
In 1.5M, 2.0M &3.0M span only one Bar is to be crankedin each side in four bars in all other span crank alternative bars.
All bars cranked one end onlythese are placed with crank on left side and right side alternatively
Surface steel at top longitudinal -10mm @300mm c/c length a shown in sketh & transverse -10mm @300c/c all through out in logitudinal
provided steel in the Zone where main steel is not available plus 150mm on either side

84 nos main bars

20mm F 90 c/c

Distribution bars
12mm F 125 c/c

o
o

o
o

o
o

o
o

o
o

600

o
o

o
o

o
o

o
o

o
o

8000
7280

520

400
1120

150

150
o

6680

o
o

400

8.00 m span
64 nos main bars
25mm F 120 c/c

Distribution bars
12mm F 110 c/c

670

400
1260

150

150

8400
750
10000
8990

10.00 m span

400

Area & weight of tor Bar

F
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
25
28
32
36
40
50

Area
0.283
0.503
0.785
1.131
1.539
2.011
2.545
3.142
3.801
4.909
6.157
8.04
10.17
12.56
19.635
0.888

wt/m
0.222
0.395
0.617
0.888
1.208
1.578
2
2.466
2.98
3.854
4.83
6.31
7.98
9.85
15.40

density
0.784
0.785
0.786
0.785
0.785
0.785
0.786
0.785
0.784
0.785
0.784
0.784
0.784
0.784
0.784

Cear Road Way

225

225

4500

Anker Bars for

parapet post

o o

oo

oo

oo

oo

oo

oo

oo

oo

oo

oo

oo

Clear span of slab

Bearing length at
end

Over all length of

Slab

Over all Depth of

Slab

Dia
(mm)

Spacing
(mm)

No of
Bars

X (mm)

Y (mm)

Dia
(mm)

Spacing
(mm)

No of
Bars

Steel in Longitudinal Di

0.37

3.74

275

16

150

50

0.553

0.296

2.10

4.036

201.8

18

150

57

3.622

0.37

4.74

345

16

150

50

0.833

0.395

2.80

5.144

257.2

20

150

57

4.690

0.37

5.74

395

20

150

50

0.735

0.460

3.50

6.258

312.9

20

150

57

5.629

0.37

6.74

445

16

150

50

0.833

0.557

4.20

7.298

364.9

25

150

57

6.615

0.37

8.74

555

22

150

50

1.020

0.683

5.60

9.414

470.7

25

150

57

8.615

L (mm)

Z (mm)

Total
length in
M

Type 'B'
2*(x+y)+zh
ook(m)

Type 'A'

Steel in Transverse Direction

Type 'F'

25

8.15

8.442

211.1

10

300

13

8.0

8.18

106.3

150

32

8.15

8.442

270.1

10

300

17

8.0

8.18

139.1

0.37

5.74

395

16

150

38

8.15

8.442

320.8

10

300

20

8.0

8.18

163.6

0.37

6.74

445

16

150

45

8.15

8.442

379.9

10

300

23

8.0

8.18

188.1

0.37

8.74

555

16

150

58

8.15

8.442

489.6

10

300

30

8.0

8.18

245.4

No of Bars

No of Bars

Dia (mm)

Total length in
M

150

16

H+ hook (M)

Total length in
M

16

345

L (mm)

R+ hook (M)

275

4.74

Spacing (mm)

Over all Depth of Slab

3.74

0.37

Dia (mm)

Over all length of Slab

0.37

R' (mm)

Bearing length at end

Spacing (mm)

Clear span of slab

Type 'E'

MAXIMUM REACTION IN TONNES

Span
3
4

D.L.
14.2
21.6

At Abutment
D.L.+L.L.
D.L.+L.L.+I
52.05
70.26
61.36
78.8

At Peir
D.L.
28.3
43.2

D.L.+L.L.
75.75
94.8

D.L.+L.L.+I
87.61
107.7

5
6
8

29.2
38.1
57.6

70.92
82.13
107.4

87.55
98.21
119.8

58.3
76.2
115.2

114.1
132.9
174.6

127.3
144.9
189.7

225

oo

oo

oo

oo

225

oo

oo

oo

Steel in Longitudinal Direction

Spacing
(mm)

No of
Bars

m (mm)

m' (mm)

Dia
(mm)

No of
Bars

3.98

227.0

10

300

24

3.63

0.215

4.34

104.2

10

10

3.63

3.81

38.1

5.09

290.1

10

300

24

4.63

0.265

5.38

129.1

10

10

4.63

4.81

48.1

6.03

343.7

10

300

24

5.63

0.335

6.48

155.5

10

10

5.63

5.81

58.1

7.12

405.6

10

300

24

6.63

0.385

7.58

181.9

10

10

6.63

6.81

68.1

9.12

519.6

10

300

24

8.63

0.495

9.80

235.2

10

10

8.63

8.81

88.1

D.L.+L.L.+I
87.61
107.7

10

300

26

255

344

2.171

56.4

10

300

34

325

352

2.32

78.9

10

300

40

375

358

2.436

97.4

10

300

46

425

368

2.532

116.5

10

300

60

530

375

2.754

165.2

1.454
1.878
2.587
3.217
4.817

Total Quantity of
Cocreteper span in
cubic meters

Total length in
M

Y' (mm)

m+ 'm'+ hook M

X (mm)

No of Bars

Spacing (mm)

Dia (mm)

Type 'G'

Total quantity of M.S.

Reinforcement per
span in Tons

in Transverse Direction

9.46
14.69
20.1
26.4
44.2

J (mm)

Dia
(mm)

R+ hook
(M)
Total
length in
M

Type 'D'
m+ 'm'+
hook M
Total
length in
M

Type 'C'
m'
L+ hook
M
Total
length in
M

Type 'B'

127.3
144.9
189.7

MAXIMUM REACTION IN TONNES

Span
3.m
4m
5m
6m
8m

D.L.
14.15
21.6
29.15
38.1
57.6

At Abutment
D.L.+L.L. D.L.+L.L.+I.L.
52.05
79.26
61.36
78.8
70.92
87.55
82.13
98.21
107.40
119.8

D.L.
28.3
43.2
58.3
76.2
115.2

MAXIMUM REACTION IN TONNES

Span

At Abutment
Live load
Impect load.
37.9
27.21

3.m

Dead load
14.15

4m
5m
6m

21.6
29.15
38.1

39.76
41.77
44.03

17.44
16.63
16.08

78.8
87.55
98.21

8m

57.6

49.8

12.4

119.8

Span
3.m
4m
5m
6m
8m

MAXIMUM REACTION IN TONNES

Dead load
Live load Impect Load
28.3
47.45
11.86
43.2
51.6
12.9
58.3
55.8
13.2
76.2
56.7
12
115.2
59.4
15.1

Total load
79.26

Total load
87.61
107.7
127.3
144.9
189.7

At Pier
D.L.+L.L.
75.75
94.8
114.1
132.9
174.6

D.L.+L.L.+I.L.
87.61
107.7
127.3
144.9
189.7