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Contents
Flat Slab is ideal for short span floors which are 2 Introduction & Contents
subjected to uniformly distributed loads, and is used 3 Architects
extensively in residential buildings as well as in General
certain areas of commercial buildings. Flat Slab can 1.0 Acoustic Rating
also be used for cantilever balconies as permanent 1.1 Durability
1.2 Thermal Rating
formwork. Flat Slab is manufactured using a wet
1.3 Fire Rating
pour process, poured onto a long heated steel bed.
This manufacturing process allows the product to be
4 Consulting Engineers
2.0 Loadings
poured to any achievable design length and shape, 2.1 End Seating
making Flat Slab versatile and flexible to use on 2.2 Topping
building sites. 2.3 Design Weight Including Topping Concrete
5 Contractors
3.0 Temporary Propping
3.1 Camber
3.2 Handling & Storage
3.3 Penetrations & Fixings
6 Specifications
4.0 Drawing Call-up
4.1 Written Specification Clauses
7 Specifications
4.1 Written Specification Clauses
8 Key Plan
9 Flat Slab Sections 1 & 2
10 Flat Slab Sections 3 & 4
11 Flat Slab Sections 5 & 6
12 Flat Slab Sections 7 & 8
13 Flat Slab Section 9
14 Fixings to Flat Slab
15 Camber Allowances, Support & Handling
16 75 & 100 Flat Slab
17 125 & 150 Flat Slab
18 Load Span Graph 75 Flat Slab
19 Load Span Graph 100 Flat Slab
20 Load Span Graph 125 Flat Slab
21 Load Span Graph 150 Flat Slab
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Architects
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Consulting Engineers
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Contractors
3.0 Temporary Propping If props are indicated on the shop drawings, the Flat Slab units will
need dunnaging at these propping locations as well. Care needs to
Temporary propping may be required for Stahlton Flat Slab to increase be taken as to the suitability of the ground the units are stored on
bottom fibre stress capacity or to even out camber variations in the and should be checked by a suitably qualified Engineer.
flooring soffit.
Handling weights for Stahlton Flat Slab are:
The natural variations in precamber expected in prestressed members
can be minimized by the use of propping. Under standard uniformly 1.2m wide 2.4m wide
distributed loadings temporary propping would be expected for spans Depth (mm) kg/m kg/m
exceeding 2.5m, 4m, 5m and 6m for 75mm 100mm, 125mm, and 150mm
deep Stahlton Flat Slab units respectively. A suitably qualified Engineer 75 232 464
will need to be consulted for the design of the propping system. 100 309 618
125 386 772
3.1 Camber 150 463 926
Stahlton Flat Slab units will arrive at site with some positive camber
(hog). This is unavoidable due to the nature of prestressing. The
amount of hog will depend on a number of factors including, amount
3.3 Penetrations & Fixings
of prestress, how long the units have been exposed to the sun and Stahlton Flat Slab units can have penetrations core drilled through the
length of unit to name but a few variables. As a rule of thumb allow unit in specific locations (see sheet 14). No more than one penetration
2-3mm of hog for every 1m of span. Generally half of the hog of the per 750mm of span or width of the unit is permitted, as too many
Flat Slab unit will come down after the topping concrete is poured and holes will reduce the load capacity of the Flat Slab unit. The area of
any propping is removed. Half of the remaining hog will eventually concrete around the strand must be avoided altogether. If a strand is
come out over time due to creep and shrinkage. cut onsite, temporary prop either side of the penetration immediately,
then contact Stahlton Engineered Concrete as a design check will
need to be done to ascertain whether the unit is still structurally
3.2 Handling & Storage sound.
Stahlton Flat Slab is designed to be lifted at the ends. Specifically
Advice should be sort from the fixing manufacturer as to the
designed lifting chains and hooks or lifting clutches can be used to lift
suitability and load carrying capacity of their products in Stahlton
the units. The Flat Slab unit will arrive on site with provision for hooks
Engineered Concrete Flat Slab.
or lifting clutches. These anchoring points should be used without
substitution. All lifting gear should be checked for any wear or damage Units can be designed with additional prestressing tendons to allow
regularly as concrete elements can be abrasive. for cutting of occasional tendons, however this needs to be thought
about at the start of the project and built into the design before the
Stahlton Flat Slab units if stored on site need to be dunnaged near the
units are cast, bearing in mind that extra strand could induce more
lifting points. The dunnage blocks need to be aligned on top of each
hog in the slab.
other so as not to induce large point loads on the units below.
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Specifications
4.0 Drawing Call-Up: (v) Stahlton Flat Slab shall be designed to have a maximum crack width
of 0.3mm under full live load conditions.
To specify the Stahlton Flat Slab system on your drawings we suggest
you use the following designation; (vi) The acoustic STC (Sound Transmission Class) and IIC rating of the floor
system shall meet or exceed 55dB as tested at a registered institution or a
Stahlton depth Flat Slab with 75mm topping field test of 50dB measured in ‘on-site’ conditions. These ratings apply to
For example if the project is to be made from 100mm deep Stahlton the finished floor system, including any carpeting and suspended ceiling
Flat Slab with a 75mm deep topping; then the specification would read: systems.
Stahlton 100 Flat Slab with 75mm topping (vii) The Stahlton Flat Slab units shall have a minimum of 75mm end
seating or L/180, whichever is greater, as per clause 18.7.4 in NZS 3101:2006
If Stahlton 75mm deep Flat Slab with 90mm topping is desired then;
plus tolerance of 15mm if seated on an unarmoured concrete beam.
Stahlton 75 Flat Slab with 90mm topping
Materials
4.1 Written Specification Clauses: (i) Concrete shall be specifically mixed depending on environmental
conditions and should have a 28 day cylinder strength of 45MPa as a
Stahlton Flat Slab products in general comply with the following
minimum.
standards:
(ii) All concrete shall show signs of thorough compaction otherwise
NZS 3101:2006 ‘Concrete Structures Standard Part 1 & 2’
rejected if repair cannot be undertaken to bring the unit back to the
NZS 3109:1997 ‘Concrete Construction’ original specification.
AS/NZS 4671:2001 ‘Steel Reinforcing Materials’ (iii) An air entraining agent complying with BS EN 934-2-2001 may be
BS 5896:1980 ‘Specification for High Tensile Steel Wire and Standard for included in the concrete mix to improve workability.
the Prestressing of Concrete’ (iv)The strand reinforcement used in Stahlton Flat Slab shall be 9.6mm,
11.3mm, 12.7mm or 12.9mm diameter complying with the requirements of
Design AS/NZS 4671:2001
(i) The design of Stahlton Flat Slab shall be in accordance with the (v) Prestressing strand shall be clean and free from deleterious
requirements and recommendations of NZS 3101:2006 ‘Concrete Structures substances. Superficial rust is acceptable, however strand with corrosion
Standard Part 1 & 2’ and or any recognized international Standard or part that has caused surface pitting shall be rejected for the main longitudinal
thereof, for example BS 8110:2007 ‘The Structural Use of Concrete’. reinforcement of the unit.
(ii) The prestress strand pattern in the Stahlton Flat Slab shall be designed
to sustain the loadings shown on the Consulting Engineer’s drawings and Manufacture
allowance will be made for self weight of the unit and topping concrete. (i) Materials, execution of stressing prestress strand and workmanship
(iii) The Stahlton Flat Slab shall be designed for exposure classification of the Stahlton Flat Slab units shall conform with Stahlton Engineered
A1/A2/B1/B2 as per table 3.6 in NZS 3101:2006. Concrete ISO 9001 Quality Assurance Operating Procedures
(iv)The Stahlton Flat Slab unit shall have a FRR (Fire Resisting Rating) of (ii) Stahlton Flat Slab units shall be nominally 1200mm wide (or 24000mm
60/60/60. Penetrations through the flooring system shall be reinstated to depending on manufacturing plant) and made from the nominal depth;
the required FRR by an approved fire protection system. 75mm, 100mm, 125mm or 150mm
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Specifications
(iii) The top surface of the Stahlton Flat Slab unit shall have a nominal any additional requirements shown on the Stahlton Engineered Concrete
roughness of 5mm or more as stipulated in NZS3101:2006 clause 18.5.4.1(a) drawings.
(iv) The tolerance for length of the Stahlton Flat Slab units shall be in (iv) All proposed systems with supporting calculations shall be submitted
accordance with NZS 3109 (usually +/- 10mm). to the Specifying Engineer prior to erection on site for approval.
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Key Plan Scale: NTS
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Section 1 Scale: NTS
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Section 3 Scale: NTS
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Section 5 Scale: NTS
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Section 7 Scale: NTS
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Section 9 Scale: NTS
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Fixings to Flat Slab Scale: NTS
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Camber (hog) Allowances Scale: NTS
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75 Flat Slab Scale: NTS
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125 Flat Slab Scale: NTS
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Compare
Load Span Graph 75 Stahlton Flat Slab
factored
design load
with this axis Superimposed Loads
G: 1.2 x ________________ = _______ kPa
36
Q: 1.5 x ________________ = _______ kPa
Factored Design Load = _______ kPa
Notes:
30 1. Refer to section 2.0 for more information.
2. If your design is close to the line, please
contact Stahlton to discuss options.
3. If G>1/2Q, or if G>0.5kPa for maximum span
and near maximum loads, please contact
Stahlton to discuss further.
24
4. S
elf weight and 75mm topping have been
allowed for.
5. S
pecified loads on engineers drawings
need to be shown unfactored.
18
12
0
3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5
Span, m
18 Level/Grid: Date:
0800 STAHLTON | www.stahlton.co.nz
Compare
Load Span Graph 100 Stahlton Flat Slab
factored
design load
with this axis Superimposed Loads
G: 1.2 x ________________ = _______ kPa
30
Q: 1.5 x ________________ = _______ kPa
Factored Design Load = _______ kPa
Notes:
25 1. Refer to section 2.0 for more information.
2. If your design is close to the line, please
contact Stahlton to discuss options.
3. If G>1/2Q, or if G>0.5kPa for maximum span
and near maximum loads, please contact
Stahlton to discuss further.
20
4. S
elf weight and 75mm topping have been
allowed for.
5. S
pecified loads on engineers drawings
need to be shown unfactored.
15
10
1 Prop
No Prop
0
3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7
Span, m
19 Level/Grid: Date:
0800 STAHLTON | www.stahlton.co.nz
Compare
Load Span Graph 125 Stahlton Flat Slab
factored
design load
with this axis Superimposed Loads
G: 1.2 x ________________ = _______ kPa
30
Q: 1.5 x ________________ = _______ kPa
Factored Design Load = _______ kPa
Notes:
25 1. Refer to section 2.0 for more information.
2. If your design is close to the line, please
contact Stahlton to discuss options.
3. If G>1/2Q, or if G>0.5kPa for maximum span
and near maximum loads, please contact
Stahlton to discuss further.
20
4. S
elf weight and 75mm topping have been
allowed for.
5. S
pecified loads on engineers drawings
need to be shown unfactored.
15
10
1 Prop
0
4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5
Span, m
20 Level/Grid: Date:
0800 STAHLTON | www.stahlton.co.nz
Compare
Load Span Graph 150 Stahlton Flat Slab
factored
design load
with this axis Superimposed Loads
G: 1.2 x ________________ = _______ kPa
30
Q: 1.5 x ________________ = _______ kPa
Factored Design Load = _______ kPa
Notes:
25 1. Refer to section 2.0 for more information.
2. If your design is close to the line, please
contact Stahlton to discuss options.
3. If G>1/2Q, or if G>0.5kPa for maximum span
and near maximum loads, please contact
Stahlton to discuss further.
20
4. S
elf weight and 75mm topping have been
allowed for.
5. S
pecified loads on engineers drawings
need to be shown unfactored.
15
10
No Prop
0
5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8
Span, m
21 Level/Grid: Date:
0800 STAHLTON | www.stahlton.co.nz
A Division of Fulton Hogan Limited
The recommendations in this literature are based on good engineering judgement and building practice, but are not an exhaustive statement of all relevant information that needs to be considered to comply with the NZBC.
Further, as the successful performance of the relevant system depends on numerous factors outside the control of Stahlton Engineered Concrete (eg quality of workmanship on site) Stahlton Engineered Concrete shall not
be liable for the recommendations in this literature and the performance of the relevant system, including its suitability for any purpose or ability to satisfy the relevant provisions of the NZBC, regulations and Standards.