RTC BASED ELECTRICAL APPLIANCE CONTROL

INTRODUCTION
Advertising hoardings, commercial sign boards, and street lights are
generally switched on at 6:30 pm and switched off at 10:00 am because nobody is
available at the place in the morning to switch it off. But actual required time is
6:30pm to 11:30pm and 4:30am to 6:30am. Meantime i.e., from 11:30pm to
4:30am is not required, because the public flow on the roads is almost nil in this
time. And from 6:30am to 10:00am is also not required as the sun light is available
during this time. That means every day around nine hours of power is wasted. This
project gives the best solution for electrical energy wastage. Also the manual
operation of the lighting system is completely eliminated.
The Project AT89S52 Microcontroller Based Energy saver for Commercial
Lighting system with RTC DS1307 Interfacing is an interesting project which uses
AT89S52 microcontroller as its brain. This project is very useful for commercial
sign boards, advertising boards, street lights for automation lighting system. This
system switches on the lights only at preprogrammed timings. As the DS1307 Real
Time Clock chip with battery back-up is used, there will be no disturbances for the
programmed on/off timings even in power failures.
4 push button keypad is provided for entering the required timings. This
keypad made this project user friendly. 4-digit seven segment display is provided
to display the alarm times and current time. DS1307 is interfaced to the
microcontroller for real timing performance. A 3V battery can be connected to
DS1307 to avoid time disturbances caused by power failures.

COMPONENT USED
1. AT89S52 Microcontroller
2. IC DS1307
3. LCD
4. RELAY
5. Keypad
6. BULB
7. FAN

SOFTWARE USED
1. KEIL VISSION3
2. PRO 51

DESCRIPTION OF 8051
When we have to learn about a new computer we have to familiarize about the
machine capability we are using, and we can do it by studying the internal
hardware design (devices architecture), and also to know about the size, number
and the size of the registers.
A microcontroller is a single chip that contains the processor (the CPU), nonvolatile memory for the program (ROM or flash), volatile memory for input and
output (RAM), a clock and an I/O control unit. Also called a "computer on a chip,"
billions of microcontroller units (MCUs) are embedded each year in a myriad of

products from toys to appliances to automobiles. For example, a single vehicle can
use 70 or more microcontrollers. The following picture describes a general block
diagram of microcontroller.

RTC
A real-time clock (RTC) is a computer clock (most often in the form of
an integrated circuit) that keeps track of the current time. Although the term often
refers to the devices in personal computers, servers and embedded systems, RTCs
are present in almost any electronic device which needs to keep accurate time.

RTC DS1307 FEATURES:

1. Real-time clock (RTC) counts seconds, minutes, hours, date of the month,
month, day of the week, and year with leap-year compensation valid up to
2100.
2. 56-byte, battery-backed, nonvolatile (NV) RAM for data storage.
3. Two-wire serial interface Programmable square wave output signal
Automatic power-fail detect and switch circuitry.
4. Consumes less than 500nA in battery backup mode with oscillator running.
5. Optional industrial temperature range: -40C to +85C.
6. Available in 8-pin DIP or SOIC Underwriters Laboratory (UL) recognized.

BLOCK DIGRAM

REGULATED
POWER SUPLLY

KEYPAD

8
9

RELAY
2

RTC
RELAY
1

5
FAN

BULB