Code No: 44007 Set No.

1
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2009
POWER SYSTEMS-I
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Draw a general layout of a modern thermal power plant and explain the work-
ing of different circuits:
(b) Explain the function of the following in thermal power plant and explain the
principle of operation of each:
i. Economiser
ii. Electrostatic precipitator
iii. Condenser
iv. Superheater
v. Cooling tower. [8+8]

2. Describe with neat sketches the construction and principle of operation of liquid
metal cooled reactor. [16]

3. A three phase ring main PQRS fed at P of 11 kV, supplies balanced loads of 50 A
at 0.8 p.f lagging at Q, 120 A at unity p.f at R and 70A at 0.866 lagging at S, the
resistances being referred to the various sections are: Section PQ = (1+j0.6) ohm;
section QR = (1.2+j0.9) ohm; Section RS = (0.8+j0.5) ohm; Section SP = (3+j2)
ohm. Determine the currents in various sections and station bus-bar voltages at Q,
R and S. [16]

4. (a) Explain the method of voltage drop calculations in A,C distributor.

(b) Draw the phasor diagrams of A.C. distributor with concentrated loads for
power factors with respect to respective load points. [8+8]

5. (a) Draw and explain key diagram of a typical 11kv/400v indoor substation show-
ing location of all equipment.
(b) What are advantages of single bus bar scheme with sectionalization? [9+7]

6. A 3 - phase, 5kW induction motor has a p.f. of 0.75 lagging. A bank of capacitors
is connected in delta across the supply terminals and p.f. raised to 0.9 lagging.
Determine the kVAR rating of the capacitors connected in each phase. [16]

7. A bulk supply is taken at Rs.100 per kW and paise 5 per unit. Calculate the kWh
rate for load factors of 100% and 50% [16]

8. A hydro electric plant costs Rs.3000 per kW, of installed capacity. The total annual
charge consists of 5% as interest; depreciation at 2%, operation and maintenance at
2% and insurance, rent etc. 1.5%. Determine a suitable two - part tariff if losses in

1 of 2
Code No: 44007 Set No. 1
transmission and distribution are 12.5% and diversity of load is 1.25. Assume that
maximum demand on the station is 80% of the capacity and annual load factor is
40%. What is the overall cost of generation per kWh? [16]

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

2 of 2
Code No: 44007 Set No. 2
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2009
POWER SYSTEMS-I
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Explain the merits and demerits of pulverized fuel firing of boilers.
(b) Discuss the difference between Kaplan, Francis and Pelton turbines and state
the type of power plants they are suitable for. [16]
2. Explain clearly how the operation of nuclear reactor is controlled for generation of
Electrical power? [16]
3. (a) Discuss the relative merits and demerits of underground and overhead systems.
(b) An 800m distributor fed from both ends A and B is loaded uniformly at the
rate of 1.2A/m run, the resistance of each conductor being 0.05 ohm per/km.
Determine the minimum voltage and the point where it occurs if feeding points
A and B are maintained at 255 V and 250 V respectively. Find also the current
supplied from feeding point A and B. [8+8]
4. (a) Explain the method of voltage drop calculations in A,C distributor.
(b) Draw the phasor diagrams of A.C. distributor with concentrated loads for
power factors with respect to respective load points. [8+8]
5. Short notes on
(a) When indoor substation is preferred over outdoor substation?
(b) Maintenance of gas insulated substation.
(c) Advantages of sectionalized single bus bar scheme. [5+6+5]
6. A 37.3 kW induction motor has power factor 0.9 and efficiency 0.9 at full load,
power factor 0.6 and efficiency 0.7 at half-load. At no - load, the current is 25%
of the full load current and power factor 0.1. Capacitors are supplied to make the
line power factor 0.8 at half - load. With these capacitors in circuit, find the line
power factor at
(a) full load and
(b) no - load [16]
7. From the following data, estimate the cost per kWh generation:- [16]
Plant capacity → 50 MW
Annual load factor → 40%
Capital cost → Rs. 120 * 106
Annual cost of wages, taxes etc. → Rs. 4* 106
Annual cost of fuel lubrication etc. → Rs. 20 * 106
Annual interest and depreciation → 10%

1 of 2
Code No: 44007 Set No. 2
8. An electrical supply company having a maximum load of 50 MW generates 18*107
units per annum and the supply consumers have an aggregate demand of 75MW.
The annual expenses including capital charges are:
For fuel= Rs. 90 lakhs;
Fixed charges concerning generation = Rs. 28 lakhs;
Fixed charges concerning transmission and distribution = Rs. 32 lakhs;
Assuming 90% of the fuel cost is essential to running charges and the loss in trans-
mission and distribution as 15% of kWh generated, deduce a two part tariff to find
the actual cost of supply to the consumers. [16]

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

2 of 2
Code No: 44007 Set No. 3
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2009
POWER SYSTEMS-I
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Explain with the help of neat diagrams, the working of cooling towers in a
steam power plant.
(b) Give the classification of steam turbines used in power plants. [8+8]
2. (a) Discuss various factors associated with rapid growth of nuclear power industry.
(b) State and classify the different Nuclear reactors according to the basis of com-
ponents. [8+8]
3. (a) List out various bus-bar schemes and explain.
(b) In a 3-phase, 4-wire distribution system with 240 volts between lines and
neutral there is a balanced motor load of 250 kW at 0.8 power factor. Lamp
loads connected between respective lines and neutral absorb 25, 75 and 100
kW. Calculate the current in each line and in the neutral wire of the feeder
cable. [8+8]
4. A single phase AC distributor 1 km long has resistance and reactance per conductor
of 0.1 ohm and 0.15 ohm respectively. At the far end, the voltage VB = 200 volts
and the current is 100 A at the power factor of 0.8 (lagging). At the midpoint M
of the distributor, a current of 100 A is tapped at a power factor 0.6 lagging with
reference to the voltage VM at the midpoint. Calculate
(a) Voltage at midpoint
(b) Sending end voltage VA
(c) Phase angle between VA and VB . [16]
5. (a) What is a gas insulated substation?
(b) Explain in detail about constructional aspects of gas insulated substation.
[6+10]
6. (a) What is the importance of power factor in the supply system?
(b) What are the disadvantages of low power factor? [9+7]
7. From the following data, estimate the cost per kWh generation:- [16]
Plant capacity → 50 MW
Annual load factor → 40%
Capital cost → Rs. 120 * 106
Annual cost of wages, taxes etc. → Rs. 4* 106
Annual cost of fuel lubrication etc. → Rs. 20 * 106
Annual interest and depreciation → 10%

1 of 2
Code No: 44007 Set No. 3
8. What type of tariff is employed for domestic consumers? Why this tariff is not
employed for bulk consumers? [16]

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

2 of 2
Code No: 44007 Set No. 4
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2009
POWER SYSTEMS-I
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Discuss steam station controls with reference to boiler control, turbine control.
(b) Why is pulverized fuel preferred? What are the types of pulverized fuel burn-
ers? [16]

2. Define the terms:

(a) Define Half life period. Derive the expression for half life period.
(b) What are the functions of moderator and control rods in a nuclear power
plants. [8+8]

3. (a) How do you solve the single phase AC distribution system in which the power
factors of the load currents are referred with respect to receiving end voltage.
(b) A single phase Ac distributor AB 300m long is fed from end A and is loaded
as follows:
i. 100 A at 0.707 power factor lagging 200 metres from point A.
ii. 200 A at 0.8 power factor lagging 300 metres from point A. The total
resistance and reactance of the distributor is 0.2 ohms and 0.1 ohms per
kilometer. Calculate the total voltage drop in the distributor. The load
power factors are referred to the voltage at the far end. [8+8]

4. A single phase AC distributor 1 km long has resistance and reactance per conductor
of 0.1 ohm and 0.15 ohm respectively. At the far end, the voltage VB = 200 volts
and the current is 100 A at the power factor of 0.8 (lagging). At the midpoint M
of the distributor, a current of 100 A is tapped at a power factor 0.6 lagging with
reference to the voltage VM at the midpoint. Calculate

(a) Voltage at midpoint

(b) Sending end voltage VA
(c) Phase angle between VA and VB . [16]

5. Write short notes on

(a) Comparison of air insulated substations and gas insulated substations.

(b) Differentiate indoor and outdoor substations. [8+8]

6. (a) Explain the causes of low power factor of the supply system.
(b) Discuss the various methods of power factor improvement. [6+10]

1 of 2
Code No: 44007 Set No. 4
7. State the affects of load factor and diversity factor on the cost of generation. [16]

8. What is the importance of interest on capital investment in calculating the cost of

electrical energy? [16]

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

2 of 2