Chapter 1 : writting Basic select statement:

-------------------------------------------username : scott
password : tiger
part I : how to wirte select statement
--------------------------------------syntax
......
select select_list
from
table_name ;
1.1 ) selecting certain columns
------------------------------select empno , ename , sal , deptno
from
emp ;
1.2) selecting all columns
-------------------------select *
from
emp ;
1.3) to display tables in current user
-------------------------------------select *
from tab ;
Desc emp
1.4) writting expressions
-------------------------select empno , ename, sal , sal + 100
from emp
select empno , ename, sal , sal + 100 * 5
from emp
select empno , ename, sal , (sal + 100) *5
from emp ;
select empno , ename, sal , sal / 100 * 5
from emp ;
1.5) using alias
---------------select empno , ename, sal , (sal + 100)*5
from emp ;
select empno , ename, sal , (sal + 100)*5 as "New Salary"
from emp ;
select empno , ename, sal , (sal + 100)*5 as New_Salary
from emp ;
select empno , ename, sal
from emp ;
1.6) concatenation operator:

salary , (sal + 100)*5 as "New Salary"

---------------------------select empno , ename, job , ename || job

from emp ;
select ' Employee No. ' || empno || ' his name is ' || ename ||' works as ' || j
ob
from emp;
1.7) supress duplication in rows
--------------------------------select distinct job
from emp ;
select distinct deptno , job
from emp ;
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Part II) : Restricting Data :
---------------------------Syntax:
------select select_list
from
table_name
where condition
Condition = column_name
operator
sal
>
deptno
=
ename
=
Examples
-------2.1 ) using comparisone operators:
---------------------------------select *
from emp
where deptno = 30;

value
1000
10
'SCOTT'

select *
from emp
where sal > 1500 ;
select *
from emp
where ename ='SCOTT' ;
Operators :
= >
<
>= <=
<> !=
-------------------------------------------------------------------------2.2) in operator:
----------------select *
from emp
where sal in ( 3000 , 800 , 1250 );
2.3) between ... and....:
-------------------------select *
from emp

where sal between 1000 and 3000 ;

................................................................................
...
2.4) like operator
-----------------select *
from emp
where ename like 'A%' ;
select *
from emp
where ename like '%R' ;
select *
from emp
where ename like '%L%' ;
select *
from emp
where ename like '%L%L%' ;
select *
from emp
where ename like '_A%' ;
select *
from emp
where ename like '__A%' ;
select *
from emp
where ename like '%E_' ;
2.5) null values:
----------------select *
from emp
where comm is null
select *
from emp
where comm is not null
2.6) more than one condition
---------------------------and
---select *
from emp
where deptno = 30 and
sal > 1500 ;
OR
-select *
from emp
where deptno = 30
Logic Tables
------------

or

sal > 1500 ;

OR
true
false
null

true
t
t
t

false
t
f
n

null
t
n
n

and

true

false

null

true
false
null

t
f
n

f
f
f

n
f
n

NOT
--select *
from emp
where sal not between 1000 and 2000 ;
select *
from emp
where job not in ( 'ANALYST' , 'SALESMAN') ;
select *
from emp
where ename not like 'A%' ;
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/
Part III : Sorting Data
----------------------Syntax :
-------select select_list
from table_name
order by order_by_list ;
Examples :
---------select * from emp order by sal ;
select * from emp order by sal desc ;
select empno , ename , deptno , sal from emp order by deptno , sal ;
select empno , ename , deptno , sal
from emp
order by deptno , sal desc ;
select empno , ename , deptno , sal from emp order by 3 , 4 ;
select empno , ename , sal salary from emp order by salary ;
//////////////////////////////Chapter END//////////////////////////////////////