BPMN Advanced Concepts

Oracle BPM 11g Training
BPMN Advanced Concepts
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BPM Suite 11g Training BPMN Advanced Topic
Catch Exceptions (Timeout, Exceptions)

Receive Message
Catch : Consumed by the Process (Start Events & some

Intermediate Events fall under this category)
Send Message
Throw Exception
Wait for x amount of time
Two Types
Throw : Produced by the Process ( End Events & some
Intermediate Events fall under this category)
At the Start - Start Event

At the End End Event
In the Middle Intermediate Event
BPMN Events - Something that happens (signals) during the

course of a process that affects the sequence or timings of the
activities of a process.
Can occur
More BPMN - Events
More Start and End Events
Message
Start
Event
Message End
Event
BPMN by Example More Start and End

Events
Listens to external signals and creates a new process

instance.
Multiple Start Events can be used to trigger a process.
Common Types of Start Events. Markers used to denote
the different types of triggering mechanisms.
None Called from a Main process. Sub-processes
must always start with None Start Event.
Message Triggered by the arrival of a Message.
Message is a special type of data and is used to
show data exchanges in the context of process
interactions.
Timer Triggered based on some schedule. It can
be a fixed timestamp or a regularly occurring event.
Signal Triggered based on the arrival of a
subscribed signal via broadcast mechanisms. The
sender is unknown in this case and the Signal Start
Event listens on a well known topic.
Start event:
Start Event Types
Handle SMS
Transcribe
Fax
Process
Request
The process is started

either by the arrival of the
event via multiple channels
XOR Event Gateway is used to mimic multiple start events

(similar to BPEL Pick).
The first event that arrives triggers the process.
In this case, it is either the first step in the Process or should be
preceded by a Start Event of type None.
XOR Event Gateway
Receive SMS
Fax arrived
Receive E-Mail
Parse EMail
BPMN by Example Multiple Start Events
Initiate Task is an Oracle extension to BPMN 2.0.

It can be used to trigger the process from the Task Work list Form.
This Task is always preceded by a Start Event of type None.
The assignee is calculated from the Role associated with the swim
lane.
Initiate Task
Initiate Task
BPMN by Example Trigger process

using Initiate Task
Receive Task is one of the BPMN task types.

It can be used to trigger the process upon arrival of a Message.
It has the same semantics as the Message Start Event and can be
used in its place.
Receive Task
Receive Task
BPMN by Example Trigger process

using Receive Task
Signifies end of the process path and is generated by the

process upon completion
Multiple End events are possible.
Process completes only when all Paths are completed.
Common Types of End Events
None Normal Completion. The control passes to the
subsequent step in the main process if a subprocess
completes normally.
Message Sends a Message before Completion. This
Message can in turn trigger other processes.
Signal Broadcasts (publishes) signal before
Completion.
Error Throws Error Before Completion. The process
gets terminated and aborts other paths that might still
be in execution. Used as a way to trigger exceptions
from the subprocess to a ma
End event:
End Event Types
Example that shows combination of Gateways and multiple End Events. Only one
of the Message End Event is reached in this example.
Another
Message
End Event
Message End
Event
BPMN by Example Multiple End Events
Error End
Event
Useful for propagating errors from the sub-process to parent process.
When an Error End Event is reached, the process or the sub-process terminates
even if all other parallel paths are still active.
The process is terminated when Order

Canceled event is reached even if the
Order Parts or Assemble Product is still
active.
BPMN by Example abrupt termination of

the process
Receive
Reply
BPMN by Example Process as a Service
To expose the Process as a Service use Message

Start Event and Message End Event.
The Process then becomes a Service Provider and
can be invoked via a Service interface by other BPMN
or BPEL processes.
The Message Start Event and corresponding
Message End Event transforms in to end points (
Operations).
The Event Sub-process (in-line fault handlers) are
used for handling faults.
Exposing Process as a Service
Intermediate Events of type throw

and catch
Some Intermediate Events are of type Catch and some of type Throw.
Throw symbols are shaded while Catch symbols are not.
The Catch Events wait or block for appropriate signals while the Throw events
proceed after throwing the signal.
throw Message Intermediate Event

Send a Message to message to another
participant (or process). Used for request-response and receive-reply scenarios.
throw Signal Intermediate Event
Publish or broadcast a signal.
catch Timer Intermediate Event

Acts as a delay mechanism. Based on a
specific time date or time cycle.
catch Message Intermediate Event
Receives Message. Used for requestresponse and receive-reply scenarios.
catch Signal Intermediate Event
- Subscribes to a broadcasted Signal.
Catch Intermediate Events
Throw Intermediate Events
Intermediate Events occur in the middle of the process.
More BPMN Intermediate Events
The Timer Events use the system clock for scheduling.
Timer Intermediate Event is of Catch type only. There is no

equivalent Throw type for Timer Intermediate Event.
The execution is stalled and does not proceed until the event
arrives.
The catch events that occur in the middle of the process

blocks or waits for the events to occur.
catch Timer
Intermediate Event .
BPMN by Example Wait for a specific

time period
Receive Quote
Response from
Customer
catch
Message
Intermediate
Event
Throw and catch Message Intermediate Events are useful for

asynchronous and B2B Collaborations
A catch Message Intermediate Event (receive) followed by throw

Message Intermediate Event (send) is receive-reply scenario.
A throw Message Intermediate Event (send) followed by catch

Message Intermediate Event (receive) is asynchronous requestresponse scenario.
Send Quote to
Customer
throw
Message
Intermediate
Event
BPMN by Example Asynchronous

Invocation using Message Events.
Receive Task.
Receive Task in the middle of the process is the same as the Message Intermediate Event of
catch type .
Receive Task at the beginning of the process is the same as the Message Start Event.
Send Task at the end of the process is the same as the Message End Event.
Send Task in the middle of the process is the same as the Message Intermediate Event of throw
type.
Send Task sends a Message and Receive Task receives a

Message.
Send and Receive Tasks are used for asynchronous communication.
Send Task.
Quote to cash Process

Invocation using Send & Receive Tasks
Catch Timer
Intermediate Event
It does not have conditional expressions on the outgoing sequence

flows.
XOR Event Gateway is used for conditional branching based on

alternative incoming events (Message, Signal, Conditional-Rule, Timer)
rather than data conditions. The first Event to arrive/triggers win. Any
Events that arrive later are ignored.
The customer can either accept or reject quote

and the sequence of activities are different in
these cases. You can also include a catch
Intermediate Timer Event to handle time out
exceptions
Send Quote to
Customer
Gateway
XOR Event

Invocation
Intermediate Events of type

boundary
attached Error Event Catches error thrown by the activity or sub-process. Errors
have unique identifiers. There can be multiple attached Error events for catching the
various types of errors being thrown by the activity or sub-process.
attached Timer Event - Catches time-out exceptions (specialized type of error)
thrown by the activity or sub-process.
attached Message Event Catches Message sent by another participant or
process.
boundary.
They are of type Catch and referred to as Boundary or Attached
Events.
They have only 1 outgoing sequence flow that leads to Event Handling
path.
Useful for Exception and Interruption Handling.
Types
Intermediate Events can be attached to an activity or sub-process
Attached (Boundary) Events
Error Handling activity
Timer Boundary Event

(for catching time out exceptions)
The Error and Timer boundary events are triggered if the activity
to which they are attached is not yet completed.
Exception Paths
Error Boundary Event

(for catching exceptions)
BPMN by Example Boundary Events
Exception Path
Boundary Error
Event attached to
sub-process.
Insert Quote - Embedded subprocess
BPMN by Example Subprocess

Boundary events.
Exception Path
The Message, Error, Timer boundary events are not active if the activity
(task/subprocess) to which they are attached is completed.
The Exception path is taken and the Cancel Order step is executed.
If the Message is received before the Fulfill Order step is complete,

the Fulfill Order step is interrupted.
The Fulfill Order sub-process listens for the Cancel Order Message
on a separate thread. The Boundary events do not block the step to
which they are attached while listening.
Message
Boundary
Event
Cancel
Order
Message
BPMN by Example More Boundary

Events
Main process
catches the
error and
follows the
exception
path.
Subprocess throws an
Order Canceled error.
BPMN by Example Propagation of

Errors
Intermediate Events of type Event

Subprocess
Just like boundary events it listens for external signals but instead of
transferring outside of the activity it runs within the activity (process /
subprocess).
It has access to the data of its parent scope a snapshot at the

point in time when its parent completed.
Message, Error, Timer, Signal
Types of Start Events for Event Subprocess
It is marked with a dotted line boundary and triggered by a Start Event.

It does not have incoming or outgoing sequence flows.
It can be collapsed or expanded. When collapsed, it has the marker of the
Start Event.
The Event Sub-Process is contained within a process or a

subprocess. It is not applicable to a Task.
Advanced BPMN Event Sub Process
Error Start Event is only used in Process Event Handlers.
The Event Subprocess interrupts the regular flow of the process.
Boundary error event.
Process
ends
Error Start
Event
Event subprocess.
BPMN by Example Event Subprocess
Event Subprocess
with None End Event.
Normal flow after
subprocess step is
taken.
corresponding
boundary event that
catches the Cancel
Order error.
Exception
Path
There can be many Event Subprocesses but only one gets activated.
In the case of Event Subprocess with None End Event, the normal flow after the subprocess step
is executed.
In the case of Event Subprocess that has an Error or Message End Event, the corresponding
boundary catch event attached to the subprocess boundary is triggered and the event handling
path is taken.
Error Start
Event
Message
Start Event
Event Subprocess with

Error End Event. It has
to be caught by a
corresponding
boundary event.
Normal
Path
BPMN by Example Event Sub Process
Implementation of Events
Can either initiate (send or throw) or

continue (catch or receive)
Messages.
Message Event as initiator:
Choose the initiate option.
You can either create a Service
interface on the fly (or)
Browse for an existing Service
from the Business Catalog.
Message Event as continuation:
Choose the Continues option.
It will show a list of Message
Endpoints that can send
messages.
Implementation of Message Event
The Error Events catches or

throws Business Exception.
Define Business Exceptions
Go to the Business Catalog,
right-click, select New
option and choose Business
Exception.
This launches the Business
Exception wizard. Choose or
create a folder under
Business Catalog.
Specify the XML Schema for
the Business Exception.
Go to the Implementation tab of
the End Event and choose the
desired Business Exception..
Implementation of Error Event
The Signal Events are used for

publishing or subscribing to a
well known topic using broadcast
mechanisms.
Browse for Events specified in
the Business Catalog.
Signal Event
The Timer Events are used for

scheduling the process
instantiation or for waiting for a
specific time period.
Two ways to specify time:
Specific date time.
Scheduled, recurring time
period.
Timer Event
Implementation of Timer & Signal

Events
Refers to an asynchronous send.

Send Task can either initiate the
conversation (asynchronous
request-response) or reply to a
conversation (receive-reply).
Send Task as initiator:
Browse for an existing
Service or a Message End
Point in the Process from the
Business Catalog.
Send Task as reply:
Choose the Continues
option.
It will show a list of Receive
Tasks in the same process.
The Send Task has only input
arguments.
Implementation of Send Task
Receive a message.
Receive Task can either initiate the
conversation (receive-reply) or reply
to a conversation (request-response).
It can also initiate the process
Receive Task as initiator:
You can either create a Service
interface on the fly (or)
Browse for an existing Service or
Process from the Business
Catalog.
Receive Task as reply:
Choose the Continues option.
It will show a list of Send Tasks
in the same process.
The Receive Task has only output
arguments.
Implementation of Receive Task
Loop & Multi-instance Markers
Beginning ( while - 0 or more)

End ( until - 1 0r more)
Loop Condition (Expression)

Loop Maximum (Integer)
Loop condition evaluation time
Used to create a For loop.

Implementation Attributes :
Loop Marker
Markers or icons can be added to Tasks or Subprocesses to illustrate further semantic context
around Task behavior.
Looping
Subprocess
BPMN Loops using Activity Markers
sequentially (instances are generated

sequentially)
parallel (all instances are generated
first and executed in parallel).
Parallel Multi-instance
subprocess
Number of instances in the incoming

data (usually an Array).
Loop cardinality attribute
Number of instances depends on

either the
Multi-instance marker is a wrapper

for the Activity to execute the
activity multiple times. It is used
when the same path in the
process needs to be executed
more than one time.
Activities can be executed either
Sequential Multi-instance
subprocess
BPMN Loops using Multi-Instance

Marker
Marker
Multi-instance
BPMN Example Multi-instance scenario
The preceding is intended to outline our general

product direction. It is intended for information
purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any
contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any
material, code, or functionality, and should not be
relied upon in making purchasing decisions.
The development, release, and timing of any
features or functionality described for Oracles
products remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.

BPMN Advanced Concepts

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Oracle BPM 11g Training

BPMN Advanced Concepts

<Insert Picture Here>

2009 Oracle Corporation Proprietary and Confidential

BPM Suite 11g Training BPMN Advanced Topic

Catch Exceptions (Timeout, Exceptions)

Catch : Consumed by the Process (Start Events & some

At the Start - Start Event

BPMN Events - Something that happens (signals) during the

More BPMN - Events

2009 Oracle Corporation Proprietary and Confidential

BPM Suite 11g Training BPMN Advanced Topic

More Start and End Events

2009 Oracle Corporation Proprietary and Confidential

BPM Suite 11g Training BPMN Advanced Topic

BPMN by Example More Start and End

2009 Oracle Corporation Proprietary and Confidential

BPM Suite 11g Training BPMN Advanced Topic

Listens to external signals and creates a new process

Start Event Types

The process is started

2009 Oracle Corporation Proprietary and Confidential

BPM Suite 11g Training BPMN Advanced Topic

XOR Event Gateway is used to mimic multiple start events

XOR Event Gateway

BPMN by Example Multiple Start Events

BPM Suite 11g Training BPMN Advanced Topic

Initiate Task is an Oracle extension to BPMN 2.0.

2009 Oracle Corporation Proprietary and Confidential

BPMN by Example Trigger process

2009 Oracle Corporation Proprietary and Confidential

BPM Suite 11g Training BPMN Advanced Topic

Receive Task is one of the BPMN task types.

BPMN by Example Trigger process

2009 Oracle Corporation Proprietary and Confidential

BPM Suite 11g Training BPMN Advanced Topic

Signifies end of the process path and is generated by the

End Event Types

2009 Oracle Corporation Proprietary and Confidential

BPM Suite 11g Training BPMN Advanced Topic

BPMN by Example Multiple End Events

2009 Oracle Corporation Proprietary and Confidential

BPM Suite 11g Training BPMN Advanced Topic

Useful for propagating errors from the sub-process to parent process.

The process is terminated when Order

BPMN by Example abrupt termination of

2009 Oracle Corporation Proprietary and Confidential

BPM Suite 11g Training BPMN Advanced Topic

BPMN by Example Process as a Service

2009 Oracle Corporation Proprietary and Confidential

BPM Suite 11g Training BPMN Advanced Topic

To expose the Process as a Service use Message

Exposing Process as a Service

2009 Oracle Corporation Proprietary and Confidential

BPM Suite 11g Training BPMN Advanced Topic

Intermediate Events of type throw

throw Message Intermediate Event

BPM Suite 11g Training BPMN Advanced Topic

catch Timer Intermediate Event

2009 Oracle Corporation Proprietary and Confidential

Catch Intermediate Events

Throw Intermediate Events

Intermediate Events occur in the middle of the process.