SINGLE EXTRACTION

Hannah Marie G. Herrella, Isabelle Louise F. Ilagan, Myzhel S. Inumerable,

Natasha R. Jain and Tactto B. Kobayashi
Group 5 2C Pharmacy Organic Chemistry Laboratory

ABSTRACT
Extraction is a separation method in which an organic compound is isolated from a mixture of compounds.
There are two main types; liquid-liquid extraction and solid-liquid extraction. Caffeine was extracted from
dried tea leaves using single extraction method. 10 grams of Lipton Tea leaves was boiled in a solution of
anhydrous sodium carbonate and 100 ml distilled water. From the solution, caffeine was extracted using 60 ml
of dichloromethane. The mixture was then decanted to collect the residue. The residue was placed in the hood
to allow the dichloromethane to evaporate. Afterwards, a perforated filter paper was used to cover the
evaporating dish so that everything in the mixture can evaporate except for the caffeine. The percentage yield
was computed by getting the ratio of the weight of the caffeine and weight of the tea leaves used. The
percentage yield is 23.71%.

INTRODUCTION
Extraction is a process of separating an
organic compound from a mixture of
compounds. The theory of extraction lies in
the concept of immiscibility of two phases to
separate a solute from the other phase. There
are two main types; liquid-liquid extraction
(also known as solvent extraction) and solidliquid extraction.
In this experiment, groups are expected to
meet the following objectives: (1) compare
single and multiple Extractions of caffeine
from dried tea leaves, and (2) calculate the
percentage yield of caffeine for single
extraction procedure.

EXPERIMENTAL
A. Compounds tested
Sample: Tea leaves
Brand: Lipton
Amount of caffeine: 55 mg
B. Procedure
A solution of 4.4g of anhydrous sodium
bicarbonate and 100 ml of distilled water was
placed in a 250 ml beaker was heated by a
water bath until the solid dissolved. Ten
grams of tea leaves in tea bags was then
placed in the mixture and then boiled for 10
minutes. After boiling, the tea bags were
removed.

The tea bags afterwards were squeezed to get

the liquid in them.
The solution was extracted with 60 ml
dichloromethane in a separatory funnel. It
was swirled for 10 minutes for better
separation. After swirling, the mixture was
left to stand to clearly see the visible
separation between the two layers. The
organic layer was decanted into a beaker and
the aqueous layer was discarded.
The solution was then placed in a preweighed evaporating dish. It was covered
with a perforated filter paper and afterwards
was placed in the fume hood. It was
evaporated to dryness until the residue is
completely in powder form and then it was
weighed using the triple beam balance.
Results were gathered and percentage yield
was calculated.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Based on the set-up, the difference from a
single extraction and multiple extractions is
that there is repeated extraction in the latter
one. It is more efficient than single extraction
because it allows more of the caffeine to be
extracted from the mixture.