Anatomy Lab n10

Muscles of the upper limb :

I.Muscles of the shoulder
II.Muscles of the arm
III.Muscles of the forearm
IV.Muscles of the hand
I Muscles of the shoulder ( Musculi cinguli membri superioris )
a) Anterior muscular group:
[In the superficial plane]
Pectoralis Major
[In the deep layer]
Pectoralis Minor
Subclavian (Subclavius )

b) Medial group:
Anterior serratus (Serratus Major)

c) Posterior group :
Subscapularis Muscle
Supraspinatus Muscle
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Teres Major
Latissimus Dorsi

d) Lateral Muscular Group:

Deltoid Muscle ( Deltoideus )

II Muscles of the arm ( Musculii brachii )

Between anterior goup and posterior group are lateral and medial intermuscular
septum inserted on the lateral and medial borders of humerus.
a) Anterior group (flexor muscles) :
Biceps Brachii (supeficial)
Coracobrachialis (Coracobrahial) /!\
Brachialis (Brahial)
b) Posterior group (extensor) :
Triceps Brachii

III- Muscles of the forearm ( Antebrahii Muscles )

This group of muscles is situated on the antero-medial side of scheleton of
the forearm.
a) Anterior group (four layers/planes):
[From superficial to deep]:
1. First plane: [ from lateral to medial ] ( they are flexors )
Pronator Teres
Flexor Carpi Radialis ( Palmaris Major Muscle)
Palmaris Longus ( Palmaris Brevis Muscle )
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (Anterior Cubital Muscle )
2. Second plane: ( they are flexors )
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
3. Third plane: ( they are flexors )
Flexor digitorum profundum (situated medially)=Perforant Flexor Muscle
Flexor pollicis longus (laterally)
4. Fourth plane: ( pronator )
Pronator quadratus

b) Lateral group [ situated on the lateral side of the forearm ]

They are the lateral epicondilary muscles.
[From superficial to deep]
Brachioradialis ( Supinator Longus, Humero-Stylo-Radial Muscle)
Extensor carpi radialis longus ( First external radial Muscle )
Extensor carpi radialis brevis ( Second external radial Muscle )
Supinator (Supinator brevis)

c) Posterior group
1. First layer: (Inserted on lateral epicondyle to ulna and hand. )
[From lateral to medial]
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor carpii ulnaris (posterior cubital muscle)
Anconaeus
2. Deep layer:
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor indicis

IV- Muscles of the Hand ( Musculi Manus ) :

1. Lateral group ( Muscles of the Thenar Eminence )
They are situated on the lateral part of the hand.
[ from superficial to deep ]
Abductor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Adductor pollicis

2. Median group
1. Interossei Muscles :
a) Interossei dorsales- 4 muscles, situated in the intermetacarpals spaces.
They are named 1st, 2nd,3rd ,4rd interossos dorsals muscles [ from pollex to
digiti minimi ] .
b) Interossei palmaris- 3 muscles , situated in the 2nd, 3rd,4rd intermetacarpals
spaces .
2. Lumbricales 4 muscles [from lateral to medial]
They are attached to the tendons of Flexor Digitorum Profundus and they ends
on the tendons of extensor muscles of last 4 fingers.

3. Medial Group ( Muscles of the Hypothenar Eminence )

[3 muscles, 4 layers] [from superficial to deep] :

1st layer : Palmaris brevis

2nd layer : Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Abductor digiti minimi

3rd layer : Opponens digiti minimi

Pectoralis Major

Pectoralis Minor

1. Subclavian muscle

Serratus Anterior Muscle

Subscapular Muscle

SS= Supraspinous
IS