ProE Notes

Pro/Engineer
About Pro/Engineer
As the name implies the software is for Professional Engineers and this can be used for various
fields of Mechanical Engineering.
The software was developed by Parametric Technology Corporation, USA. Pro-Engineer develops
model as solids, allowing you to work
in a 3D environment. This shows that the models will have Mass Properties, Volume and surface
can be calculated. To utilize the Pro/E functionalities
properly, we need to understand the concepts terms like Feature Based Modeling, Parent-Child
Relationship or Parametric and Associativity.
Feature Based Modeling
Model solid parts by combining intuitive engineering features. Bulid parts by combining features
relative to each other and in a logical oder, pattern features within a part, create family tables of
related parts.
Parent-Child Relationship or Parametric
The various types of Pro/ENGINEER features are used as building blocks in the progressive
creation of solid parts. Certain features, by neccessity, precede others in the design process.
Those that follow rely on the previously defined features for dimensional and geometric
references. The progressive design of features can create relationships between features already
in the design and subsequent features in the design that reference them. These are called ParentChild relationships.
Associativity
You can use Pro/ENGINEER to document models by creating parts, assemblies and drawings. All
these functions are fully associative. If you change a part in the assembly, the system
automatically reflects that change in any other parts and drawings of that assembly. With this
functionality you can change your design at any level and the system reflects it at all levels
automatically.
Conventions
The following is a summary of conventions used in this book, which represent command
sequences used in Pro/ENGINEER and denotes user's communications with Pro/ENGINEER. It
is assumed that a 3-button mouse is used.
Convention
Description
MENU
A menu name in menu panel; in capital
Command
A command option in a menu; in bold

and italic
A sequence of commands, each

Command1>Command2>Command3 selected from a hierarchical menu; in
bold and italic
A sequence of commands, each

Command1|Command2|Command3 selected from the same menu; in bold
and italic
Option
An option in a dialog box or frame, or a

menu name in menu panel; in bold
[number]
Number or text entered through the

keyboard
prompt
Message appearing in the message

window; in italic
Left-click
Click the left mouse button once
Middle-click
Click the middle mouse button once
Right-click
Click the right mouse button once
Pick
Click the left mouse button once on an

entity (to choose) in the graphics
window
Select
Click the left mouse button to select a

command option in a menu panel
<CR>
Carriage Return
Entering Pro/ENGINEER
If the Pro/ENGINEER is set up on a PC, look for and click on the Pro/ ENGINEER short cut icon
on the desktop. Otherwise look for the Pro/ ENGINEER execution file in a directory or key
in [proe] from the DOS shell. Contact your system administrator, in case of variations in
your system setup.
Pro/ENGINEER environment
After Pro/ENGINEER is loaded onto the system, a window layout appears as follows. It has a
large graphics window with menu and toolbar on the top, and a command/message area below
the graphics window.
Menu bar
The menu bar replaces the former MAIN menu. All commands and options formerly in the MAIN
menu are grouped in the menu bar menus in a new order. There are only two levels of submenus
in the menu bar menus.
Toolbar
The toolbar contains a set of icons to accelerate access to commonly used menu commands and
options. The tips for the toolbar buttons appear when the mouse pointer passes over buttons. The
default set of icons varies from the different working environment (Part, Assembly, and Drawing,
etc.), and the icons are customized by using the Customize screen... command from the Utilities
menu. For the Drawing operation, the default icons are:
Graphics window
The graphics window is used to draw and display geometric and other entities. The initial graphics
window, that is the one created when first starting up the Pro/ENGINEER session, is considered
the main graphics window. The main graphics window can not be deleted until the user exits
Pro/ENGINEER.
Pro/ENGINEER allows the user to open additional graphic windows by selecting the New
command, under the Window menu. Only one window is active at a time. That is, the user can
work on only one window at any time.
To activate a different window, select Active from the Window menu.
To close an active window, select Close from the Window menu to remove the window from the
screen display. But the object displayed in the window is still in computer memory and can be
retrieved, until the user exits Pro/ENGINEER.
When the main window is the active window, quitting the window removes only the display of the
object from the window. The main window itself is still in display and ready for the next operation.
Message area
The message area displays all information and prompts related to the operation in the associated
graphics window. The messages are either a request for data to enter or a statement reporting the
result of a command execution. There are five categories of messages headed with the following
signals:
Prompts message
Informational message
Warning massage
Error message
Critical message
When the system is waiting for data input from the keyboard, the menu is de-activated. If the
mouse appears to be "dead", check the message window. It is possible that the Pro/ENGINEER
is waiting for data from the keyboard. It is always a good habit to glance at the message in the
message area, when executing a command.
Menu Manager
Menu Manager is the menu panel that commands are arranged as options in stack-up menus for
the specific working environment (Part, Assembly, and Drawing, etc.). When an option is selected
from a menu panel using the left mouse button, the menu "collapses" to this option. If the option
leads to other options, a subsequent menu(s) appears in the menu panel area, usually below the
current option.
In the subsequent menu, the default option(s) is highlighted in black. No action is required from
the user, to accept the default option(s). When a menu option is selected, the system highlights
the selection in black, indicating the current selection(s). Options that are "dimmed" in a menu are
either not a valid selection at this time or not available for this system setup.
To back track a command, press Done-return or Quit command, if available; or click on a
command on a higher level menu. At times, a confirmation window may appear that provides a
chance to Cancel a command. After the option Done is selected, the system does not return to
the current option menu. The Quit or Cancel commands are options provided by the system to
allow the user to abort previous selection(s) and to re-start, when desired.
Using the mouse
Pro/ENGINEER is a menu-driven system that employs the mouse as its principal user interface.
The mouse pointer is used to highlight and select a menu option. By clicking the left mouse button
on a desired option, the option is selected and highlighted. Sometimes the click may turn on or off
a checkmark in a box, instead.
The mouse pointer is also used for selecting a location or an entity in the graphics window.
Shortcuts are available for operating the mouse in the graphics window and are commonly used to
increase the efficiency with Pro/ENGINEER. They are summarized as follows.
Situations
Left button
Middle button Right button
Under GET
SELECT/Pick
(click)
(click)
Pick (an entity) Done Sel
(click)
Query Sel
Under GET
(click)
(click)
SELECT/Query Sel Pick (an entity) Accept
(click)
Next
Dynamic View
Control (pressing
CTRL & )
(press/drag)
Pan
Zoom Window
(pressing CTRL &)
(press/drag)
Zoom In/Out
(click the
diagonal
corners)
(press/drag)
3D Spin
Zoom in a box
Exiting a Pro/ENGINEER session

To exit the Pro/ENGINEER, select Exit from the File menu. A confirmation window will appear.
The system provides two option buttons: Yes and No. The Yes is for ending the Pro/ENGINEER
section and the No for canceling the Exit command. Nothing is saved automatically when exiting
the Pro/ENGINEER. To save a sketch or design, use command options in the File menu
Pro/ENGINEER File Management
The Pro/ENGINEER database management system (DBMS) supports all the functions required for
managing the user's design work with the Pro/ENGINEER, both in memory and in disk. This
section summarizes basic file properties and commands available in the File menu with
Pro/ENGINEER for file management.
File format for objects
A Pro/ENGINEER file is identified with a name, file type, and a
version number. The user provides a file name. The system
automatically selects a file type according to the object type to be
created (i.e., parts, assemblies, drawings, etc.). The system
appends "asm" to a file name to indicate it is an assembly model.
The "prt" type is used for part models; the "drw" type is used for
drawing files; and "sec" type is for section sketches. The version
number is also assigned by the system. A new version is assigned
to a file, as it is being saved to a disk. For example, a file called
controller.asm.1 implies that it is an assembly model of version 1 for
an assembly product design named controller.
Working directory
The working directory is the one to which you access to store and retrieve files. To show the
current directory or change to a new directory, select Working Dirctory ... from the File menu.
The Select Working Directory appears to let user to view or change the current working directory:
Creating and retrieving an object
From the File menu, select the New ... option and then select a working environment in the New
window. Among other options, we will focus only on four types of working environment: Sketch,
Part, Assembly and Drawing.
Sketch:
Enter the new name (for example, s2d0001) in the Name

box for the section and then choose OK to create a new
sketch.
Part
There are three types of part model to create: the Solid
for a new part model; the Composite for a composite part
model; the Sheetmetal for a sheetmetal part model. Enter
the new name (for example, prt0001) in the Name box for
the part and then choose OK to create a new part model.
The Copy From ... allows the user copying an existing
part model to start this part model.
Assembly
There are four types of assembly model to create: the Design for a new assembly model; the
Interchange for an interchange file; the Verify for a verification assembly; the Process Plan for a
process plan for an assembly model. Enter the new name (for example, asm0001) in the Name
box for the assembly object and then choose OK to create a new assembly model or file. The
Copy From ... allows the user copying an existing assembly model to start this assembly model
Drawing
Enter the new name (for example, drw0001) in the Name box for the drawing and then choose OK
to create a new drawing file.
From the File menu, select the Open ... option, the user can retrieve files of all types and subtypes from the current session (in memory) as well as the disk. The Open window appears as
follows:
Saving objects
From the File menu, select Save ... or Save As ... to storage files on the disk.
Saving an object
From the File menu, select >Save... and then press <CR> to save the object (part, assembly and
drawing) in the active graphics window. The system assumes the default name as shown in the
message area.
Press <ESC> to abort. Make sure to save the design before quitting the window and ending a
Pro/ENGINEER session. The user can use
operation.
or
in message area to accept or cancel the save
Saving an object with a new name

From the File menu, select >Save As.... The Save As window appears with the default name of
the current object (part, assembly and drawing) in the active window.
Type a name for the new file in the New Name
box and then choose OK. Pro/ENGINEER saves
a copy of the object under the new name in the
current working directory. The user can navigate
to different directories, if necessary, and then
type a name for the new file saved to a different
directory.
Please note that the user must copy all
components or sub-assemblies for an assembly
model to the new file when the user uses the
Save As command to save an assembly.
Removing an object
The user can use three commands to remove an object from the memory or a disk. These
commands are further explained below.
Purging older versions of object(s) from the disk
From the File menu, select >Delete>Old Versions... to remove old versions of a specified object,
except the most recent version, and free up the disk space. The system assumes the default
name as shown in the message area. The user can enter a specific file name to execute a purge
command.
To purge all objects in the working directory, select Open System from the window menu, type in
[purge] in the window awaiting for response (it is either the PC DOS shell or the UNIX shell), and
then press <CR>. All objects (of older versions) in this directory are purged.
Erasing object(s) from the memory
From the File menu, select Erase>Current... to remove the copy of an object(s) from the memory
in the current session. The Erase Confirm window appears. Choose Yes button for executing
erase and No for canceling.
From the File menu, select Erase>Not Displayed... to remove the copy of an object(s) undisplayed from the memory in the current session. The Erase Not Displayed window appears.
Choose OK button for executing erase and Cancel for canceling.
Please note that the Erase>Current... and Erase>Not Displayed... remove an object(s) from the
memory, but NOT from the disk.
Deleting an object from the memory and the disk
From the File menu, select >Delete>All Versions... to delete an object(s) in the active graphics
window from the disk. This command will also delete the object and its associated objects stored
in memory, and in disk. If the object refers to other objects, options are available to choose the
objects to delete. The Delete All Confirm window appears for user to accept or cancel delete
operation.
Pro/ENGINEER Sketcher
Introduction
The Sketcher enables the user to create a two-dimensional section sketch, which is an essential
element for creating a form feature. To create a form feature, Pro/ENGINEER automatically puts
the user in the Sketcher mode to specify a section sketch and its trajectory, when necessary. The
user may enter the Sketcher mode to create a new sketch by selecting the Open>Sketch option
from the File menu. Independent of a feature creation session, the Sketcher is to create a 2D
sketch. This chapter introduces the reader some frequently used commands available in the
Sketcher. The reader will learn how to enter and leave the Sketcher mode, how to save a sketch,
and how to create, constrain, and modify an entity in a sketch.
Sketcher Environment
This section introduces the commands available in the Sketcher mode for entering and exiting
from the environment and for saving a sketch.
Entering the Sketcher mode
The user can enter the Sketcher mode by selecting the New or Open option from the File menu.
In addition, the system automatically places the user in the Sketcher mode, when a section sketch
Keythe
in the
new
name foroption
the sketch
andFile
clickmenu
OK button
is required to create a form feature. When
New
command
from the
is
to
enter
the
Sketcher
environment.
Or
the
user
can select
selected, the New window will appear and choose the Sketch option as shown:
the Open command option from the File menu, and
navigate directories to choose the existing sketch file, and
click Open button as shown:
The Sketcher menu

After clicking OK from the New window or Open from the File Open window, the user will see the
Menu Manager panel on the right of the graphics window.
When the user enter Sketcher mode for the first time, the Read Me alert dialog
box appears for Intent Manager.
Click the Read Me ... button to learn
the highlights of Sketcher with Intent
Manager. The regular method of
sketching without Intent Manager will
be discussed in this chapter. To
inactivate the Intent Manager, turn the
checkmark of the Intent Manager off
from the INTENT MGR menu
Exiting the Sketcher mode

The user may exit the Sketcher mode by selecting the Done or Quit option
from the SKETCHER menu. If a section sketch was successfully regenerated,
the user is allowed to select the Done option to exit the Sketcher mode.
Otherwise, the user can select only the Quit command to leave. When Quit is
selected, a CONFIRMATION menu will appear to confirm or cancel the Quit
command. By selecting the Confirm option, the user confirms quitting the
Sketcher mode.
.The sketch created in this session is discarded. By selecting the Cancel option, the system aborts
the Quit command, and the user remains in the Sketcher mode.
Tip: The user can exit the Sketcher with unfinished sections by selecting Done from the
SKETCHER menu. This creates an incomplete section, which the user can finish later by using the
Redefine command from the FEAT menu. A feature that has an incomplete section becomes an
incomplete feature.
Saving a section sketch
The system allows the user to save a section sketch for later use. The Save ... or Save As ...
commands are available in the File menu. The user may save a sketch at any stage of creating a
section sketch, regardless of whether it is being dimensioned or successfully regenerated. Any
successfully regenerated but unsaved sketch remains in the memory, until the session is ended.
That is, the user may save a sketch in session at any time. If the sketch was created as a feature
element, the user can access to the sketch, only by going through refining the feature. Refer to the
Pro/ENGINEER File Management in the Chapter One for the detailed operation.
Basic Sketch Commands
The user begins sketching by selecting the Sketch option from the SKETCHER menu. Introduced
here are Pro/ENGINEER commands for creating four types of geometric entities: line, rectangle,
arc, and circle. In addition, it describes the Mouse Sketch command for creation of simple
geometric entities.
Line option
The system allows the user to define two types of lines: geometry and centerline. A geometry line
is a line constituting a form feature. A centerline is a reference for constructing a form feature or
other geometric entities. Specific commands for line construction of both types are organized as
follows:
Geometry --- It creates a line entity of geometry.
Centerline --- It creates a line which defines an axis of revolution of a revolved feature, a
reference line of symmetry within a section, or a reference to locate points and other lines.
A centerline can not be used as a part of component's geometry.
The user must specify one of the above two line types, before further selecting a line sketch
command. The available sketch command options for line creation are summarized as follows:
2 Points --- It creates a line by picking the start point and then the second point in the
graphics window. The line sketch command is finished or aborted by clicking the middle
mouse key. As illustrated below, the user may continue the line sketch command by picking
additional points, one at a time, to create a chain of line segments.
Parallel --- It creates a line in parallel to an existing line by picking the line to specify the
direction of the new line, and then picking the start and end points for the new line. To
define a centerline with this option, it requires picking only
one point, after the direction is specified.
Perpendicular --- It creates a line perpendicular to an

existing line by picking the line to specify the direction for the
new line and then picking the start and end points for the new
line. To define a centerline with this option, it requires picking
only one point, after the direction is specified.
Tangent--- It creates a line tangent to an arc (or spline) by picking the endpoint of the arc
(or spline) as the start point, and then picking the other end point of the line. To define a
centerline with this option, the user only needs to pick the
endpoint of the arc which the centerline is tangent to.
2 Tangent--- It creates a line
which is tangent to two arcs, splines, or
circles, by picking the two entities. The
placement of the tangent line is
determined by the location of the
selected point on the two reference
entities.
Pnt/Tangent--- It
creates a line by picking a desired point

in the graphics window, and then picking
an arc, spline, or circle which the line is tangent to.
Horizontal--- It creates a horizontal line (with reference to

the current sketch plane setup). To
create a Geometry horizontal line,
pick the start point and then the end
point of the line in the graphics
window. Middle-clicking the mouse
terminates the line sketch command.
The user may continue the line
sketch command by picking the next end point, creating a vertical line. It continues
sketching a chain of horizontal and vertical line segments in alternation. To define a
centerline, it requires picking only one point.
Vertical--- It is the same as the Horizontal command

option, except that it starts with creating a vertical line
segment.
Rectangle option
The Pro/ENGINEER allows the user to create an upright
rectangle. To create a rectangle, select the Rectangle option
from the GEOMETRY menu. And then pick two diagonal points
of the rectangle in the graphics window
Arc option
Several command options are available for creating an arc. They are organized as follows:
Tangent End--- It creates an arc by picking an end of an
existing entity which it is tangent to, and then picking a
location for the other endpoint of the arc.
Concentric--- It creates an arc by picking an existing circle

or arc that it is concentric with, and then picking the start
and end points of the new arc. After the start point is
selected, the system will display a radial line (in addition to
the arc being created) from the center to help the user
determine the end point.
3 Tangent --- It creates an arc by picking three geometric

entities that the new arc is tangent to. The arc will start from
the first pick and end on the third.
Please note that the shape of the
tangent arc depends on where the user
clicks on the existing entities. The arc
shown below appears quite different
m the one above, only
because
point was
picked at a
location on the circle.
fro
the second
different
Fillet --- It creates an arc

which connects two non-parallel
geometric entities. These two entities
do not have to intersect with each other. To create a fillet, pick
the two entities that the arc is tangent to.
Ctr/Ends --- It creates an arc by picking the center of the arc, and
then picking the start and end points of the arc. After the start point
is selected, the system will display a radial line (in addition to the
arc being created) from the center to help the user determine the
end point.
3 Point --- It creates an arc by first picking the two end points of the arc, and then picking
the third point on the arc. The curvature is determined by selecting the third point. The
center point of the arc is in dynamic display during the creation.
Circle option
Similar to line sketch, the system
allows the user to define two types of
circles: geometry and construction. A
Geometry circle is a geometric entity
constituting a form feature. A
Construction circle is a reference for
constructing other geometric entities.
Circle command options are organized as follows:
Geometry --- It creates a geometric entity of circle.

Construction --- It creates a circle to be used as a
reference for construction of other entities.
The user must select one of the above two circle types,
before selecting a circle sketch command.
The available sketch command options for circle creation are
explained below:
Ctr/Point--- It creates a circle by picking a desired location
for the center and then picking a second location away from
the center to determine the radius of the circle. Middleclicking the mouse aborts the command
Concentric--- It creates a circle by picking an existing circle or arc which it is concentric

with, and then picking a desired location in the graphics window to determine the radius of
the circle.
3 Tangent--- It creates a circle by picking three existing entities which it is tangent to.
Fillet--- It creates a circle by picking two geometric entities which it is tangent to. The user
may choose this command to create a circle tangent to two parallel lines.
3 Point--- It creates a circle by picking from the graphics window three points that the circle
lies on.
Mouse sketch
The system enables the user to use
the mouse alone to sketch simple
lines, circles, and arcs. The Mouse
Sketch command option is available
in the GEOMETRY menu. To sketch
a line, pick (with the left mouse
button) the start point and
then the second point in the graphics
window. The line sketch command is terminated or aborted by middle-clicking the mouse. The
user may continue the line sketch command by picking the next end point, creating a chain of line
segments. To create a circle, middle-click the mouse on a desired location for the center and then
middle-click the mouse on the second location away from the center to determine the radius of the
circle. Left-clicking the mouse aborts the command. To create an arc, right-click the mouse at the
end of an existing entity which it is tangent to, and then right-click the mouse on a location for the
other end point of the arc. Middle-clicking the mouse aborts the command. The following table
summarizes the Mouse Sketch methods.
Geo type
To start
To finish
To terminate or
abort
Line
Left mouse button
Left mouse button
Middle mouse button
Circle
Middle mouse button

for center location
Middle mouse button

for radius
Left mouse button
Arc (tangent
end)
Right mouse button

on an existing end
Right mouse button

for radius
Middle mouse button
Geometry Constraints
To complete a section sketch, the user must dimension and/or align the geometry to sufficiently
constrain all entities in the sketch, and regenerate the sketch with a success. During regeneration,
the system verifies all the entities and constraints of the sketch against its internal rules to ensure
the validity of the sketch. A successfully regenerated sketch is considered fully constrained or
solved.
Dimensioning a section sketch
To dimension a sketch, the user first picks an entity or entities using the left mouse button, and
then clicks the middle mouse button on a desired position to place the dimension. During this
process, Pro/ENGINEER assigns a unique name for each dimension and displays it in a symbolic
format (sd0, sd1, and sd2, etc.). Several dimensioning options are available under the
DIMENSION menu and operate in a "continue" mode. That is, the user may continuously
dimension entities in the sketch, one after another. Summarized below are methods and
Pro/ENGINEER commands commonly used for dimensioning various entities.
Dimensioning a line or a distance
It is common to dimension the length of a line segment or the distance between two entities (lines,
arcs, and circles, etc), with exception of the length of a centerline that does not exist. The methods
for linear dimensioning are described below:
Length of a geometric line --- pick the line (with the left mouse key) and then click (the
middle mouse button) on a location to place the dimension
Distance
between two
parallel lines --pick the two lines
in either sequence and then click (the middle mouse button) on a location to place the
dimension.
Distance between a point and a line --- pick the line, pick the point, and then click (the
middle mouse button) on a location to place the dimension.
Distance between two points--- pick the two points and then click (the middle mouse button)
on a location to place the dimension. To finish dimensioning, the system displays the DIM
PNT menu with the following options:
o Horizontal--- to specify the horizontal distance between the points
Vertical--- to specify the vertical distance between the points.
Slanted--- to specify the actual distance between the points.
Dimensioning a diameter
Arcs and circles are usually dimensioned with a diameter. When creating a section sketch for a
revolved feature, the user may also specify as a diameter the distance between a geometric entity
and the centerline it is to revolve around. The methods and Pro/ENGINEER commands for
dimensioning a diameter are described below.
Arc and circle--- pick the arc or circle twice, and then click (the middle mouse button) on a
location to place the dimension.
Revolved section--- pick the entity to be dimensioned, pick

the centerline (the axis of revolution), pick the entity again,
and then click (the middle mouse button) on a location to
place the dimension.
Dimensioning a radius
dimensioned with their radius.
distance between a circle and
section about an axis. To
pick on the entity once and
button) on a location to place
Similarly to dimensioning a diameter, arcs and circles may be

A radius is also used to specify the
an arc created by revolving a
specify a radius for an arc or circle,
then click (the middle mouse
the dimension.
Dimensioning an angle
The angular relationship
two end points of an arc are
designation.
between two lines and between the

dimensioned with an angle
Angle between two lines --- pick the first line, pick the second line, and then click (the
middle mouse button) on a location to place the angle. The placing location determines
whether the angle is acute or obtuse.
Angle of an arc --- pick one endpoint of the arc, pick the other endpoint, pick the arc, and
then click (the middle mouse button) on a location to place the
angle.
Automatic Dimensioning
The user may select the AutoDim option to dimension a section sketch
automatically. With this option, the system identifies and specifies all
dimensions required to fully constrain the sketch, and regenerates it.
Immediately after the sketch is successfully re-generated, the user is
allowed to re-locate the automatically placed dimensions by picking and
placing a dimension, one at a time. In addition, the user can always
relocate a dimension by selecting the Dimension option from the MOVE
ENTITY menu, which can be activated by selecting the Move Entity option from the GEOM
TOOLS menu (refer to the right screen snapshot
below). As a practice, the user may choose to
manually dimension critical dimensions of the
design and then to activate the AutoDim option to
complete the dimensioning scheme.
Alignment
The Alignment command allows the user to align a sketched entity with an existing datum or a
model edge. It utilizes an existing datum or a model edge to tell the system the location and/or
orientation of the sketched entity. The Alignment command is available only to the user in the
Sketcher mode activated during feature creation. The user can only align a straight line, the center
of an arc or circle, and an end point of a geometric entity. In practice, alignment is usually done
when the entity is created, and thus before dimensioning.
The user may activate the Alignment command option from the SKETCHER menu. To align an
entity, pick the entity to be aligned and then pick the datum or model edge. Reversing the pick
order also works. Each aligned model edge is displayed in faint orange color.
In attempt to re-generate the sketch, the system will check if any entity is close to a datum or
model edge within a pre-set range. If so, the system will bring up a query menu for the user to
decide if they should be aligned. The available options are:
Align--- to align the highlighted entities as prompted in the query.
Don't Align--- not to align as prompted in the query.
DontAlignAny--- not to align at all in the current AutoDim operation.
Regenerating a section sketch
Pro/ENGINEER uses regeneration to evaluate a sketch and verify its dimensioning scheme. The
system makes sure that the sketch is fully constrained, by applying its implicit rules. If the section
cannot be successfully "solved," Pro/ENGINEER issues a message in the message window
and/or highlights the error(s) in the graphics window. Common errors include:
The sketch does not communicate the intent
When a section is sketched, the user needs not be concerned with its accuracy. For
example, a horizontal line does not have to be perfectly horizontal. If the sketch
deviates too much from its intended assumptions, though, Pro/ENGINEER may not
recognize the intent. If this occurs, the user has to add dimensions, modify entities,
or re-create the sketch to more precisely reflect the intent.
The sketch is under-dimensioned
A sketch may be viewed as under-dimensioned by the system, when it does not

have sufficient information to solve the section sketch. In this case, the system
automatically highlights all unsolved entities on the sketch and places the user in the
Dimension command option to add dimensions. In absence of a dimension,
Pro/ENGINEER relies on its implicit rules to first seek a resolution.
The sketch is over-dimensioned
A sketch may be viewed as over-dimensioned by the system, if the user provides too
much dimension information. In this case, Pro/ENGINEER issues a warning
message and, if the regeneration is deemed unsuccessful, the system will request
the user to remove the redundancy. The system automatically highlights all
redundant dimensions and places the user in the Delete command option.
The section is inappropriate
When the purpose of a section sketch is known to the system, Pro/ENGINEER will
check and make sure that the section is appropriate. For example, if a section sketch
is intended for creating a revolved feature, Pro/ENGINEER will check if a centerline
exists and the section is closed.
Sketcher's Assumptions
In the Sketcher mode, the user is allowed to sketch an entity without being precise about its
location, size, and relationship with other entities. Only when the sketch is being regenerated, will
Pro/ENGINEER apply its implicit assumptions to make them precise. For example, a more or less
horizontal line is assumed to be exactly horizontal. These assumptions are summarized below:
Implicit assumptions
Description
Equal radius and diameter Two or more arcs (or circles) of approximately
the same radius are assumed to have the
same radius.
Symmetry
Similar entities on both sides of a centerline

are assumed to be symmetric about the
centerline.
Horizontal and vertical

lines
Lines that are approximately horizontal or

vertical are considered to be exactly so.
Parallel and perpendicular

lines
Lines that are sketched approximately parallel

or perpendicular to each other are considered
to be exactly so.
Tangency
Entities sketched approximately tangent to
each other are assumed to be tangent.

Equal length of line
segments
Lines of approximately the same length are

assumed to have the same.
Point entities lying on

other entity
Point entities that lie near a line, arc, or circle

are considered to be exactly on. Points that
are near the extension of a line are assumed
to lie on it.
Graphical Display of Sketcher Constraints

After successful regeneration, the system attaches graphical symbols to the section sketch,
showing the constraints used to solve the sketch. A list of constraints and their graphical symbols
is given below.
Constraint
Symbol
Horizontal entities
"H"
Vertical entities
"V"
Line segments with equal

lengths
"L" with an index in subscript (for example:

L1)
Perpendicular lines
" " with an index in subscript
Parallel lines
"//" with an index in subscript
Tangent entities
"T"
Symmetry
" "
Equal radii
"R" with an index in subscript
Point entities
" "
On a successfully generated sketch, graphical symbols are displayed next to each constrained
entity. The user may tailor the display with the following options from the SKETCHER menu:
Constraints--- to show and modify sketch constraints.
To deal with individual constraints, select the Constraints command option from the SKETCHER
menu, turn on the Display option, and then select one of the following options in the
CONSTRAINTS menu:
o Explain--- to display a message in the message window that explains the selected
constraint. The user needs to pick a constraint in the graphics window.
o Enable--- to enable a disabled constraint.
o Disable--- to disable a constraint. The user needs to pick the constraint. The system
will show the disabled constraint with a circle in red with a line across.
Sec Tools --- to control the display of constraints, by turning on or off the check mark in
front of the Disp Constr command option in the SEC ENVIRON menu under the SEC
TOOLS menu. Or the user can click the button
constraints on/off.
in the toolbar to toggle display of
Changing a Section Sketch

Introduced here are commands available for changing a section sketch. From the SKETCHER
menu, the user may select the Geom Tools command option to divide, trim, and mirror one or
more geometric entities. In addition, the user may select the Modify command option from the
SKETCHER menu to modify dimensions. Also the Delete command option is available to erase
entities.
Geometry tools
Dividing entities
The user may use the Divide command option in the GEOM TOOLS menu to divide a geometric
entity into two or more new entities. With the Divide option, the system divides the entity in
segments on the location(s) picked.
Trimming entities
The two frequently used options for trimming geometric entities are: the Trim>Corner and
Trim>Bound options. Using the Trim>Corner option, the user picks two intersecting entities near
the intersection on the desired side. The system will trim the segment of each entity beyond the
intersection point. Using the Trim>Bound option, the user first picks an entity as the boundary and
then picks the entity to be trimmed on the desired side. The segment beyond the boundary will be
trimmed.
Mirroring entities
The user may create geometric entities by using the Mirror command option from the GEOM
TOOLS menu. The sketch command is particularly applicable when creating entities in symmetry;
it saves time of dimensioning and sketching. To mirror, the user needs to first create entities to be
mirrored and a centerline to mirror about.
Modifying a dimension
The user may modify a dimension, using the Modify option from the SKETCHER menu. To modify
a dimension, pick the dimension to be modified and then enter a new dimension value from the
keyboard. The mouse must be placed in the graphics windows or the message window to enter
the value.
Deleting an entity
The Delete command option is available from the SKETCHER menu. The user may select one of
the following four options from the DELETION menu to delete entities:
Delete Item--- to delete entities by picking one at a time.
Delete Many--- to delete entities by typically enclosing them with a selection box.
Delete All--- to delete all entities in the sketch. It erases all entities by selecting this
command option.
Undelete Last--- to restore the most recently deleted entity, one at time. Use this option
repeatedly until all desired entities are restored. All dependent entities such as dimensions
are also undeleted with each restored entity. The Undelete Last command can undelete
only those entities that were deleted after the last re-generation. In one stroke, the
Undelete Last command restores all entities that were deleted by a Delete All command.
PART MODELING
Introduction
This chapter begins modeling simple parts. It begins with basic Pro/ENGINEER commands
required to create form features on simple parts. The commands for feature creation covered in
this chapter include:
Protrusion features by extrusion
Protrusion features by revolution
Protrusion features by blending
Thin features
cut features by revolution
cut features by blending
Straight hole features
Chamfer features
Simple round features
This chapter is focused on a generic procedure for modeling parts with Pro/ ENGINEER. Two
examples are given at the end of this chapter to demonstrate the use of these commands for part
modeling.
Part Modeling Approach
To model a part with Pro/ ENGINEER, the user must first analyze the part, decompose it into form
features, conceive a modeling plan, and formulate a modeling task sequence. A part model in
Pro/ENGINEER typically consists of multiple features. The default data planes provided with
Pro/ENGINEER are considered base features in the part model. Additional datum features may be
created, when necessary. To build a part, the first form feature is always a protrusion. Additional
form (both protrusion and depressed) features can then be added onto the model.
As with any CSG-based modeling tool, the Pro/ENGINEER user may model a part design in many
different ways. However, the form features and the feature structure of the part model may
significantly affect its intended applications. If the purpose of the model is known, the user can
draft up a modeling plan such that the part model will more readily and effectively support the
intended applications. For example, if the part model is intended for NC machining, the user could
model the part by taking a material removal view. With this view, the first feature of the part model
will be a protrusion (symbolizing the material stock) large enough to enclose all other form features
Datum Planes
Datum planes are infinite planes, used as a reference for constructing the model. In modeling a
part geometry, datum planes are often referenced to in order to sketch a section, create a form
feature, and orient the model. They are also used to constrain part models at assembling
operations. This section introduces the basic properties of datum planes and default datum
planes.
Basic properties of a datum plane
A datum plane is infinite and has two sides. Each is assigned with a name when created. These
properties are summarized as follows:
Datum plane boundary
Datum planes are infinite. Each datum plane divides the space into two half spaces. In the
graphics window, the boundary of a datum plane is dynamically adjusted by the system to fitting
the current display. The yellow lines below show the boundaries of the three default datum planes.
Two sides of a datum plane

In Pro/ ENGINEER, each datum plane has two sides; each displayed in a different color. The
default setting is yellow and red. When a datum plane is being added to the model, the system will
show the new datum plane in an appropriate color, depending on its orientation specified by the
user. With exception of its edge view, the user can only see one color (side) of each datum plane
at any view angle. As shown below, the yellow side of the datum plane DTM2 is visible (and facing
upwards); while the red side of the datum plane DTM1 is visible to the viewer.
Datum plane name

The system assigns a default name to each datum plane as it is being created. The default names
appear in a sequence of DTM1, DTM2, and so on. To change the name of a datum plane, the user
may select Setup>Name>Feature from the PART menu to pick the datum name to be changed
and then enter the new name.
Default datum planes
Three default datum planes are provided by the system to define a default coordinate system for
part modeling. The default planes vertically intersect with one another. They are usually created
first in part modeling, and are considered by Pro/ ENGINEER the base features of any part model.
When the default datum planes are being created, the system will orient each to display its yellow
side in the graphics window.
Form features to be added to the model are always referenced to the datum plane(s) directly or
indirectly. As a result, a change made to the definition of these datum planes may affect the
geometry of the part model. For example, redefinition of a datum plane's orientation could affect
those geometric entities defined with a reference to this datum.
Practices for creating default datum planes
1. Create new part file and the default datum planes for the button part
Task: Create a new file for the button part
1. From the File menu, select: >New
2. Select the options and enter [button] as the file name and select OK as shown
below.
Task: Create default datum planes

1. From the PART menu, select: >Feature>Create>Datum>Plane>Default
Check: The datum planes DTM1, DTM2 and DTM3 appear as shown below.
Task: Save the part file

1. From the File menu, select: >Save
2. Press <CR> to accept the default file name [BUTTON.PRT]
Check: The prompt "BUTTON has been saved" should appear in the message window.
2. Set up the modeling environment for the rotor part
Task: Create a new file for the button part

2. Select the options and enter [rotor] as the file name and select OK as shown
below.

Check: The datum planes DTM1, DTM2 and DTM3 appear as shown below.

2. Press <CR> to accept the default file name [ROTOR.PRT]

Check: The prompt "ROTOR has been saved" should appear in the message window.
...
3. Set up the part modeling environment for the top part
Task: Create a new file for the top part
2. Select the options and enter [top] as the file name and select OK as shown
below.

Check: The datum planes DTM1, DTM2 and DTM3 appear as below.

2. Press <CR> to accept the default file name [TOP.PRT]
Check: That the prompt "TOP has been saved" should appear in the message window.
...
4. Set up part modeling environment for the bottom part
Task: Create a new file for the bottom part
2. Select the options and enter [bottom] as the file name and select OK as shown
below.
Task: Create the default datum planes

1. From the FEAT menu, select: >Create>Datum>Plane>Default
Check: The datum planes DTM1, DTM2 and DTM3 appear as below.

2. Press <CR> to accept the default file name [BOTTOM.PRT]
Check: The prompt "BOTTOM has been saved" should appear in the message window.
...
Simple Protrusion Features

Protrusion features are a form feature that adds a volume to the current part geometry. During part
modeling, the first form feature to be added to the model is always a protrusion, after the default
datum planes are defined. More protrusions are added to the model, as necessary. The creation of
a protrusion starts by selecting the Create>Solid>Protrusion command option sequence from the
FEAT menu.
Focused here are four most frequently used options for creating a protrusion. They are:
Extrude --- The Extrude option creates a feature that is formed by projecting a section
sketch straightly away from its sketching plane.
Revolve --- The Revolve option creates a feature that is formed by revolving the section
sketch around a centerline on the sketching plane.
Sweep --- The Sweep option creates a feature that is formed by sweeping a section sketch
along a trajectory.
Blend --- The Blend option creates a feature that consists of a series of at least two section
sketches joined by Pro/ENGINEER that creates transitional surfaces between
corresponding edges on the sketches.
The above options are activated, by default, with the Solid option. Further detailed below are
these options at work with the Solid option. Aside from the Solid option, there is the Thin option,
which will be discussed later in this chapter.
Section Sketch for Feature Creation

Section sketches have been mentioned in this chapter for creating a form feature. They are an
essential feature element required by many Pro/ ENGINEER commands such as Extrude,
Revolve, Sweep and Blend. A section sketch is created on a two-dimensional sketching plane,
which is derived from the current part-modeling environment. Below is a description of setting up a
sketching plane environment and a generic sketching procedure.
Setting up the sketching plane environment
To set up the sketching plane environment, the user may choose to use the previous sketch plane
or create a new one. Specifically, the command options from the SETUP SK PLN menu for setting
up a sketching plane are:
Use Prev--- to use the sketching plane of the last feature. The system will prompt the user
for specifying the direction for feature creation.
Setup New--- to set up a new sketching plane. The user needs to pick (or create) a plane
for sketching, a direction to create the feature, and a different plane (which must be normal
to the sketching plane) for reference. The options available for setting up a new sketching
plane environment are further detailed as follows.
Setting up a plane for sketching

The following options are available from the SETUP PLANE menu to set up a new sketching
plane:
Plane--- to pick an existing planar surface or datum plane.

Make Datum--- to create a datum plane for temporary use as a reference to define the
sketching plane. The creation of a datum plane will be introduced in the next chapter.
Feature direction
After the sketching plane is specified, the system prompts the user for the feature creation
direction, or the view direction when the Both Sides option is used to create the feature. The
system shows a red arrow pointing from the sketching plane to indicate the default direction. The
following symbols are used to indicate the orientation of an arrow when it is normal to the screen.
--- It indicates that the feature direction is pointing into the screen.
In the DIRECTION menu, the user may select the Flip command to reverse the direction or Okay
to accept the current direction. This operation is also applicable to the Use Prev command to
select its feature creation direction.
Select a reference plane to orient the sketching plane

To constrain the sketching plane, a reference plane normal to the sketching plane is required. The
system provides the following options in the SKET VIEW menu to further specify their relationship:
Top, Bottom, Right, or Left. The no option is pre-selected at the beginning of each Pro/
ENGINEER session as well as each new feature creation.
Sketching operation
For creating a section in the sketching plane environment, a generic sketching procedure is
outlined as follows:
Create a section sketch
Constrain (align and/or dimension) the section sketch
Regenerate the section sketch
Modify dimensions
Regenerate the section sketch again
Specific command options for creating geometric entities have been introduced in Chapter 2. To
constrain a section sketch, first align those entities that lie on a datum or model edge and then
sufficiently dimension others. The purpose of regeneration is to evaluate the validity of the sketch
and its constraints. If the regeneration is unsuccessful, changes have to be made to the sketch. To
make changes, view system prompts in the message window for hints. After successful
regeneration, the modification step is required to update the default dimensions. After all the
dimensions are updated, regenerate the sketch again to reflect the actual dimensions. Select the
Done option after successful regeneration to leave the Sketcher mode and continue the feature
creation process.
Extruded protrusion
To create an extruded protrusion, the user needs to pick the direction to extrude, create a section
sketch to extrude with, and specify the depth of extrusion.
Direction of extrusion
This attribute tells the system the direction to extrude the sketch from the sketching plane. The
direction attribute from the ATTRIBUTES menu has the following two options:
One Side --- to specify that the extruded feature will be created on one side of the
sketching plane.
Both Sides --- to specify that the extruded feature will be created (located) on both sides of
the sketching plane.
Section sketch for extrusion

After setup the above attributes, the system opens a sketch environment for sketching a section.
The section sketch may be open or closed. There are two points to comply during sketching:
Open section--- A valid open section can have only one loop. All its open ends must be
aligned to a model edge. That is, the system will implicitly make use of the edge(s) to close
the section.
Closed section--- A closed section consist of one or more closed external loops. An external
closed loop may contain one or more internal loops. The loops must not intersect with each
other. For an external loop with internal loop(s), the system automatically recognizes the
external loop for defining a protrusion and each of its internal loops for defining a cut inside
the protrusion.
Depth of extrusion
During feature definition, the SPEC TO menu will appear automatically for specifying the depth of
extrusion. The same menu will also appear during creation of a hole. Several options are available
in the SPEC TO menu to specify the depth of an extruded feature. The available options are:
Blind --- When this option is selected, the system will prompt the user for a value in
message window for the depth of the extruded feature. By entering <CR>, the user accepts
the default value. The system will extrude the feature for the specified depth. After the
feature is created, the user may modify the depth by selecting the Modify>Value
commands from the PART menu.
2 Side Blind --- When this option is selected, the system will prompt the user for separate
depth value in the message window for the each side of the sketching plane of a Both
Sides feature.
Thru Next --- When this option is selected, the system will extrude the feature from the
sketching plane until it reaches the next part surface.
Thru All --- When this option is selected, the system will extrude the feature through all
surfaces until it reaches the last one.
Thru Until --- When this option is selected, the system will extrude the feature until it
reaches a specified surface. With this option, the user will be asked to specify that surface.
Practices for creating the extruded protrusion

1. Create a cylindrical protrusion feature for the button part
Task: Open the button part the feature creation
1. From the File menu, select: Open
2. Navigate directories and select the part file name [button.prt] (BUTTON01.PRT)
3. Choose Open in the File Open window.
Task: Select the feature type and its attributes
1. From the FEAT menu, select: >Create>Solid>Protrusion>Extrude|Solid|Done
2. From the ATTRIBUTES menu, select: >One Side|Done
Check: A dialog box listing feature elements appears in the menu panel area as shown
below
Task: Set up the sketching plane environment for the feature

1. From the SETUP SK PLN menu, select: >Setup New>Plane >Pick
2. Pick the DTM3 symbol in the graphics window to use the DTM3 plane as the
sketching plane
3. From the DIRECTION menu, select: >Okay to accept the default direction as
indicated by the red arrow for feature creation
4. From the SKET VIEW menu, select: >Bottom>Plane>Pick
5. Pick the DTM2 symbol in the graphics window to use the DTM2 plane as the
horizontal reference plane

Check: The datum plane, DTM1 is now the vertical reference and the DTM2 is the
horizontal reference in the sketching plane as shown below
Task: Sketch a circle

1. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch>Circle>Geometry|Ctr/Point
2. Pick the origin (with the left mouse button), drag the mouse outwards, and then
left-click to finish drawing the circle. (see "Ctr/Point" in Chapter Two)
Check: The circle appears as shown.
Task: Align the circle center to DTM1 and DTM2

1. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Alignment>Align>Pick
2. Pick any point on the circle and pick DTM1

3. Pick any point on the circle and pick DTM2
Check: The prompt "--ALIGNED---" appears in the message window, if successfully
aligned.
Task: Dimension the circle
1. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Dimension>Normal>Pick
2. Double left-click on any point on the circle
3. Move the mouse pointer to a desired location and then middle-click to place the
diameter of the circle (see " Dimensioning a diameter" in Chapter Two)
Check: A dimension symbol appears on the location with its dimension arrow
Task: Validate the section sketch by its solving dimension constraints

1. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Regenerate
Check: The prompt "Section regenerated successfully" appears in the message window
after successful regeneration, and the dimension symbol is replaced with a number,
indicating its current dimension.
Task: Modify the diameter
1. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Modify>Mod Entity>Pick
2. Pick the number to change its diameter.
3. Type in the actual diameter, [.48] and press <CR>
Note:
1. The color of a number turns into red, when picked.
2. Make sure that the mouse pointer is inside the graphics window or the message
window to key in data.
Task: Validate the section sketch by solving the dimension constraints again

after successful regeneration, and the dimension symbol is replaced with the actual
dimension
Task: Complete the section sketch to specify the feature depth

1. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Done
2. From the SPEC menu, select: >Blind|Done
3. Put the mouse pointer inside the graphics window or the message window.
4. Type in the depth of the feature, [.3] and press <CR>
Check: The prompt "All elements have been defined" appears in the message window.
Task: Finish the feature creation
1. From the Dialog Box, select: OK
Check: The prompt "PROTRUSION has been created successfully" should appear in
the message window
Task: Display the current model in the default 3-D orientation and spin it to an
appropriate view angle
1. From the View menu, select: >Default
2. Press the Ctrl key and the middle mouse button and concurrently move the
mouse to spin the model
Check: Verify the part model and its orientation

...
2. *Extrude a protrusion feature for the bottom part (*after finishing the practice in the
Chapter Four)
Task: Open the bottom part the feature creation
2. Navigate directories and select the part file name [bottom.prt] (BOTTOM01.PRT)
Task: Set up attributes for the solid extruded protrusion
1. From the PART menu, select: Feature>Create>Solid>Protrusion>Extrude|
Solid|Done
2. From the ATTRIBUTES menu, select: >Both Sides|Done
Check: The dialog box for the element list appears as below.
Task: Create a sketching plane and pick a reference normal to the sketching plane
1. From the SETUP SK PLN menu, select: >Setup New>Plan>Pick
2. Pick the DTM3 symbol in the graphics window to use DTM3 as the sketching
plane
3. From the DIRECTION menu, select: >Okay to accept the default arrow direction
for feature creation
4. From the SETUP SK PLN menu, select: >Setup New >Bottom >Plane >Pick
5. Pick the DTM2 symbol in the graphics window to use DTM2 as the horizontal
reference plane
Check: The datum plane DTM1 is the vertical reference and DTM2 is the horizontal
reference in the sketch plane.
Task: Draw a chain of line segments and a tangent arc

1. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch>Mouse Sketch
2. Draw the same "curve" as shown in the Practice 3. Dimension and regenerate it.
But the length of the horizontal line is "3".
3. Draw lines and an 3 Point arc as shown below
.
Task: Dimension the section sketch
2. Dimension the curve (sd8, sd9, sd10, sd11) as shown below.
Task: Validate the section sketch by solving its dimension constraints

after successful regeneration, and the dimension symbols are replaced with a value,
indicating their current dimension.
Task: Modify the dimensions

2. Pick a dimension (Note that its color turns into red when picked)
3. Type the accurate dimension and press <CR>
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 to modify all dimensions
Note: The mouse pointer must stay inside the graphics window or the message window
to key in data.
Task: Validate the section sketch again by solving its dimension constraints
after successful regeneration, and the dimensions are not correct.
Task: Complete the section sketch and specify the depth

3. Type [4] for the depth of the extruded protrusion and then press <CR>
Check: The prompt "PROTRUSION has been created successfully" appears in the
message window

Check: Verify the part model and its orientation with the snapshot below.

...
Revolved protrusion
To create a revolved protrusion, the user needs to pick the direction to revolve, create a section
sketch to revolve with, and specify the angle of revolution.
Direction of revolution
This attribute tells the system the direction to revolve the sketch from the sketching plane. The
direction attribute from the ATTRIBUTES menu has the following two options:
One Side --- to specify that the revolved feature will be created on one side of the sketching
plane.
Both Side --- to specify that the revolved feature will be located on both sides of the
sketching plane.
Section sketch for revolution
A revolved section must have a centerline as the axis of rotation. If there are multiple centerlines in
the sketch, the first centerline created in the sketch will be used as the axis of rotation. Meanwhile,
the geometry must be closed and sketched only on one side of the centerline.
Angle of revolution
Several options are available from the REV TO menu to specify the angle of revolution. They are
listed as follows:
Variable--- to enable the user to specify any angle of revolution less than 360 degrees.
After the feature is created, the user may modify the angles (only those previously specified
with the Variable option) by selecting the Modify>Value command from the PART menu.
90--- to create the feature by revolving the section for a fixed 90 degrees angle.
UpTo Pnt/Vtx--- to create the feature by revolving the section up to a point or vertex. The
revolution ends when the section reaches the point or vertex.
UpTo Plane--- to create the feature by revolving the section up to an existing plane or
planar surface that contains the axis of revolution. The revolution ends when the section
reaches the plane.
Practices for creating the revolved protrusion

1. Add a revolved protrusion feature for the button part
2. Navigate directories and select the part file name [button.prt] (Button02.prt)
Task: Select the feature type and the sketching environment
1. From the FEAT menu, select: >Create>Solid>Protrusion>Revolve|Solid|Done
3. From the SETUP SK PLN menu, select: >Setup New>Plane>Solid>Pick

plane
5. From the DIRECTION menu, select: >Okay to accept the default direction as
indicated by the red arrow for feature creation
6. From the SKET VIEW menu, select: >Bottom>Plane>Pick
reference plane
reference in the sketching plane as shown.
Tip: If a mistake is made during a feature modeling operation, select the Cancel option
in the dialog box or its parent menu to quit and restart following the command
sequences.
Task: Create a vertical centerline
1. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch>Line>Centerline|Vertical
2. Left-click on P1 on the vertical datum plane (DTM1) to create a vertical
centerline.

4. Pick the centerline (after picked, the centerline turns to red) and the datum
plane, DTM1
Check: The prompt "--ALIGNED--" appears in the message window
Task: Sketch the section geometry
1. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch>Arc>Ctr/Ends
2. Pick on P1 (on the vertical datum plane DTM1) to place the arc center.
3. Pick on P2 (on the horizontal datum plane DTM3) and P3 (on the vertical datum
plane DTM1) to specify the arc ends (see "Ctr/Ends" in Chapter Two)
4. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch>Line>Geometry|Vertical
5. Pick on P3, P4 (on the horizontal datum plane DTM3), and P2, and middle-click
the mouse to create two line segments (see "Vertical" in Chapter Two)
6. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Alignment

7. Pick the vertical line segment and DTM1 to align the two
8. Pick the horizontal line segment and DTM3 to align the two
Check: The prompt "--ALIGNED--" appears in the message window after steps 7 and 8,
if aligned successfully.
Task: Dimension the section
2. Pick the arc
3. Move the mouse pointer to a desired location and middle-click to place the
radius of arc (see "Dimensioning a radius" in Chapter Two)
4. Pick the vertical line segment
5. Move the mouse pointer to a desired location and then middle-click to place the
length (see "Dimensioning a line or a distance" in Chapter Two)
Check: The section geometry should appear with dimensions as below.

after successful regeneration, and the symbols representing dimensions are replaced
with a number.
Task: Modify dimensions
2. Pick a number (it turns to red, when picked)
3. Type in the actual value for the radius, [.4] and press <CR>
4. Type in the actual value for the length, [.05] and press <CR>
Note: Make sure that the mouse pointer stays inside the graphics window or the
message window to enter data.
Task: Validate the section sketch by solving dimension constraints again
after successful regeneration, and the dimension symbols are replaced with the actual
dimension as shown below.
Task: Complete the section sketch and specify the revolution angle.
2. From the REV TO menu, select: >360|Done
1. From the dialog box, select: OK
message window
Task: Display the current model in the default 3-D orientation, and spin it into an
Check: The part model and its orientation as shown below.

...
2. Create the revolved protrusion feature for the rotor part
Task: Open the rotor part the feature creation
2. Navigate directories and select the part file name [rotor.prt] (rotor01.prt)
Task: Set up attributes for the revolved protrusion
1. From the PART menu, select: Feature>Create>Solid>Protrusion>Revolve|
Solid|Done
Check: Verify the dialog box for element list as shown below.
Task: Create a sketch plane and its reference normal to the sketch plane
2. Pick the DTM3 symbol in the graphics window to use the datum plane DTM3 as
the sketch plane
3. From the DIRECTION menu, select: >Okay to accept the default arrow direction
for feature creation
reference plane
reference in the sketch plane
Task: Create a centerline for the revolved protrusion

2. Pick any point on the vertical datum plane DTM1
4. Pick the vertical centerline and then pick the datum plane DTM1 to align the two
Check: The prompt "--ALIGNED---" should appear in the message window after
success of alignment
Note: The user can alternatively double-click the vertical centerline to complete the
alignment
Task: Draw the vertical and horizontal lines
1. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch>Line>Geometry|Horizontal
2. Pick the point P1 as the starting point, draw the line segments as shown below
till it comes back to the same point, and then middle-click to stop line drawing
(see "Horizontal" in Chapter Two)

4. Pick the left vertical line and then pick the DTM1 symbol to align the line to the
datum plane DTM1
5. Pick the second horizontal line from the top and then pick the DTM2 symbol to
align the line to the datum plane DTM2
Check: The prompt "--ALIGNED---" appears in the message window, if successfully
aligned in the steps 4 and 5.
2. Create dimensions sd2, sd3, and sd4 as shown below (see "Dimensioning a
diameter" in Chapter Two)
3. Create dimensions sd5, sd6, and sd7 as shown below (see "Dimensioning a
line or a distance" in Chapter Two)
Check: Verify the dimension scheme as shown below.
Note:
1. The user can use option >Delete to delete a dimension and restart again or click
the >Dimension option again to restart dimensioning before placing the
dimension.
2. It is easy to pick the centerline at point outside the section.

with a number.
2. Pick a dimension (Note that its color turns to red, when picked)
3. Type in the actual value for the dimension and press <CR>.
4. Repeat Steps 2 and 3 till all dimensions are updated.

Note: Make sure that the mouse pointer stays inside either the graphics window or the
message window to key in data.
Task: Validate the section sketch by solving dimension constraints again
after successful regeneration, and the dimension symbols are replaced with an actual
dimension as shown below.
Task: Complete the section sketch and specify the revolving angle
Check: The prompt "All elements have been defined" should appear in the message
window.
the message window
Task: Display the model in the default 3-D orientation, and spin it to an appropriate view
angle
Check: The part model and its orientation should appear as below.

...
Blended protrusion
To create a blended protrusion, the user needs to specify blending attributes, sketch at least two
section sketches to blend, and select the depth of blend. The selection of a blend depth is similar
to the one for an extruded feature. Below is an overview of the options of attribute selection and
section sketching for a straight parallel blend. To create a straight parallel blend, the system
requires two or more parallel section sketches and connects vertices of adjacent sections with
straight lines. This is the most often used blending option. For more blend options, the user is
referred to the Pro/ENGINEER Part Modeling Users Manual.
Attributes of blending
To create a straight parallel blend, the user needs to first accept the following default options
(Parallel|Regular Sec|Sketch Sec) in the BLEND OPTS menu.
Parallel--- to specify that all section sketches for blending will be in parallel.
Regular Sec--- to specify that section sketches will be created in a regular sketching plane.
Sketch Sec--- to specify the user will sketch the section entities
After the above default options are selected, the system will prompt the user with the following
options in the ATTRIBUTES menu.
Straight--- to create a straight blend by connecting vertices of adjacent sections with

straight lines. Corresponding edges of two adjacent sections are used to create (and
connected with) ruled surfaces.
Smooth --- to create a smooth blend by connecting vertices of adjacent sections with
smooth curves. Corresponding edges of two adjacent sections are used to create (and
connected with) spline (smoothened) surfaces.
Section sketches for blending

To create section sketches for blending, the user must observe the following:
Matching section segments --- Each section segment must be matched with a segment of
its adjacent section(s). Blended surfaces are created between two matched section
segments. To blend, each section sketch must have the same number of segment entities.
Starting point of each section --- The default start point of each section sketch is the first
point sketched in the section. The user may specify a different end point as the start point
by selecting the Start Point option from the SEC TOOLS menu and then picking the point.
Toggle the section --- After the first section is sketched, the user can select the Toggle
option from the SEC TOOLS menu to inactivate (and dim) the current section sketch and to
start the next section sketch. Continue using the Toggle command until all section sketches
are created. To make a change to an inactive section sketch, repeat selecting the Toggle
option until the desired section sketch becomes active.
Practice for creating the blended protrusion
Please refer to the first practice of the thin feature in the next section.
More Simple Features
Aside from the above protrusion features, a number of additional form features are also commonly
used to model a part with Pro/ ENGINEER. They are used to create a cut, a straight hole, a
chamfer, and a round on a part model.
Cut feature
A cut is a form feature in Pro/ ENGINEER that removes a volume from the part model. The options
and attributes available for creating a cut feature is the same as the ones for creating a protrusion,
with an exception that the direction for a cut feature will point into the volume to be removed. After
the Cut option is selected from the FEAT menu, follow the same procedure for creating a
protrusion feature as described in the above section (" Simple protrusion features")..
Practices for creating the cut feature

1. Cut the radial concentric groove on the stepped side for the rotor part

...
Task: Set up attributes for the revolved cut (the groove)
1. From the PART menu, select: Feature>Create>Solid>Cut>Revolve|Solid|
Done
Check: The dialog box for element list appears as below.
Task: Select the sketching plane and its reference normal to the sketch plane
the sketching plane
3. From the DIRECTION menu, select: >Okay to accept the default direction
the horizontal reference plane
Check: The datum plane DTM1 is now the vertical reference and DTM2 is the
horizontal reference in the sketch plane
Task: Create a vertical centerline and the section geometry

2. Pick any point on the datum plane DTM1 to create a vertical centerline
3.
4.
5.
6.
From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Alignment>Align>Pick

Pick the centerline and the vertical datum plane DTM1
From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch>Line>Centerline|Vertical
Pick a point to create another vertical centerline
7. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch>Line>Geometry|Vertical

8. Draw a U-shape line starting and ending on the datum plane DTM2, symmetric
to the center line (see "Vertical" in Chapter Two)

10. Pick one end of the U-shape and pick the horizontal datum plane DTM2
11. Pick the other end and the horizontal datum plane DTM2
Check: The prompt "--ALIGNED--" appears in the message window after each
alignment, if aligned successfully.

2. Dimension the centerlines position (sd3 in the snapshot below)
3. Give the lengths of two lines (sd4 and sd5 in the snapshot below) (see
"Dimensioning a line or a distance" in Chapter Two for details)
Check: The section sketch with dimensions should appear as shown below.

with a number.
Task: Modify the sketch dimensions
3. Type in the actual value and press <CR>
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 until all dimensions are updated
after successful regeneration, and the dimension symbols are replaced with correct
dimensions as shown.
Task: Complete the section sketch and specify its revolution option
2. From the DIRECTION menu, select: >Okay to accept the red arrow toward the
area inside the section
window.
the message window

...
2. Create the spherical cut on the other side for the rotor part
...
Task: Set up attributes for the revolved cut
1. From the FEAT menu, select: >Create>Solid>Cut>Revolve|Solid|Done
Task: Select a sketching plane and its reference normal to the sketching plane
the sketching plane
3. From the DIRECTION menu, select: >Okay to accept the default direction
reference plane
Check: The datum plane DTM1 is now the vertical reference and DTM2 is the
horizontal reference in the sketching plane
Task: Create a vertical centerline and the section geometry

2. Pick a point to create a vertical centerline as shown below.

4. Pick a point on the centerline and then draw an arc (see "Ctr/Ends" in Chapter
Two)
5. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch>Line>Geometry|Horizontal

6. Draw a horizontal line and a vertical line to close the arc section

8. Pick the horizontal line of the sketch and the top surface plane
9. Pick the upper point of the arc and the top surface plane
Check: The prompt "--ALIGNED---" should appear in the message window after each
successful alignment.
2. Dimension the centerlines position (sd2 as shown below)
3. Dimension the arc radius (sd3) (see "Dimensioning a radius" in Chapter Two)
4. Dimension the depth of the arc (sd4)
Check: The section geometry with dimensions should appear as below.

with a number.
2. Pick a dimension on the number (Note that its color turns into red when picked)
3. Type in the actual value and press <CR>
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 to modify all dimensions
after successful regeneration, and the dimension symbols are replaced with an
accurate dimension as below.
Task: Complete the section sketch and specify its revolution option
2. From the DIRECTION menu, select: >Okay to accept the red arrow toward the
area inside the section
window.
Note: If the red arrow is in the opposite direction, select >Flip to change the arrow
direction and then select >Okay.
the message window

...
3. *Cut (trim) the swept protrusion to create the curved shape for the top part (after
finishing the practice of modifying features in the Chapter Four)
Task: Open the top part the feature creation
2. Navigate directories and select the part file name [top.prt] (top03.prt)
...
Task: Prepare for a cut feature and its sketching environment
1. From the FEAT menu, select: >Create>Solid>Cut>Extrude|Solid|Done
3. From the SETUP SK PLN menu, select: >Setup New>Plane>Pick

plane
5. From the DIRECTION menu, select: >Okay to accept the arrow direction
pointing upwards for feature creation
6. From the SETUP SK PLN menu, select: >Top>Plane>Pick
reference plane
reference in the sketching plane below.
Tip: The user can spin the model to ensure its orientations.
Task: Create a centerline, two lines and two arcs (for mirroring)
1. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch>Line>Centerline |Horizontal
2. Left-click the horizontal datum plane DTM3 to create a horizontal centerline
3. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch>Line>Geometry|2 Points
4. Draw a chain of two line segments from P1, to P2 and then P3. Make sure that
P2 is on the datum plane DTM1
6. Create an arc, starting from the DTM3 and with its center on the datum plane
DTM3 near the spin center as shown below.
7. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch>Arc>3 Point
8. Create the second arc connecting the line end, P3, and the first arc
9. From SKETCHER menu, select: >Alignment>Align>Pick

10. Pick the centerline (after picked, the centerline turns to red) and the datum plane
DTM3
11. Pick P2 and the datum plane DTM1
12. Pick the center point of the first arc and the datum plane DTM3
successful alignment
Task: Mirror the geometry and create a fillet
1. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Geom Tools>Mirror>Pick
2. Pick the horizontal centerline
3. From the MIRROR menu, select: >All|Done
4. From the SKETCHER menu, select: > Sketch>Arc>Fillet
5. Pick the two lines with an open end to create a fillet to close the section sketch
Check: The section sketch is shown below.

2. Pick the fillet on the left and the arc on the right, and then middle-click
3. From the ARC PNT TYPE menu, select: >Tangent>Horiz to place the horizontal
distance dimension, sd2
4. Pick the upper arc and the lower arc, and then middle-click to place the
dimension
5. From the ARC PNT TYPE menu, select: >Tangent>Vert to place the vertical
distance dimension, sd3
6. Create the remaining dimensions as below

3. Type in the accurate dimension and press <CR>
Task: Validate the section sketch by solving its dimension constraints again
after successful regeneration, and the dimensions are now correct.
Task: Save the section sketch for later use

1. From the File menu, select: >Save As ...
2. Enter [topsec] for the name of the section in the "New Name" box and select OK
Task: Complete the section sketch and specify the direction and depth of the cut
2. From the DIRECTION menu, select: >Flip to let the red arrow pointing toward
the outside of the section sketch (to be removed) and then select >Okay
3. From the SPEC menu, select: >ThruAll|Done>Thru All|Done
message window
mouse to spin the model.

Check: The prompt "TOP has been saved" should appear in the message window.
...
4. *Create a cut feature in the middle of the protrusion of the top part (after finishing the
practice above)
...
Task: Prepare for the solid extruded cut and its sketching environment

4. Pick the top planar surface at P1 to use it as the sketching plane
5. From the DIRECTION menu, select: >Okay to accept the red arrow direction
pointing downwards for feature creation
6. From the SETUP SK PLN menu, select: >Bottom>Plane>Pick
reference plane
reference in the sketch plane as shown below.
Tip: DTM3 is the only datum plane to be used as the reference plane because the
DTM1 and DTM2 are not normal to the sketching plane.
Task: Draw two arcs and a tangent line
1. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch>Line>Centerline> Horizontal
2. Pick the datum plane DTM3 to create a horizontal centerline
3. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch>Line>Centerline> Vertical
4. Create a vertical centerline as shown below

6. Create an arc with its center on the intersection of the two centerlines and its one
end on the vertical centerline.
7. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch>Line>Geometry>Tangent
8. Pick the other end of the arc to create a tangent line, as shown below
9. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch>Arc >Tangent End

10. Create an arc, which is tangent to the line, with its center and the other end both
on the datum plane DTM3

12. Pick the horizontal centerline (after picked, the centerline turns to red) and the
datum plane DTM3
13. Pick the center point of the Ctrl/end arc and the datum plane DTM3
14. Pick the center point of the tangent arc and the datum plane DTM3
successful alignment
Task: Mirror the geometry
1. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Geom Tools>Mirror>Pick
2. Pick the horizontal centerline
4. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Geom Tools>Mirror>Pick.
5. Pick the vertical centerline
Check: The geometry as shown below

2. Pick the upper arc and the lower arc, and then middle-click to place sd3
3. From the ARC PNT TYPE menu, select: >Tangent>Vert to place the vertical
distance dimension sd3
4. Pick the two center points on both sides of the vertical centerline and then
middle-click to place sd4.
5. From the DIM PNT PNT menu, select: >Horizontal to place the horizontal
distance dimension sd4
6. Create the remaining dimensions sd5, sd6 as shown below.

3. Type the accurate dimension and press <CR>
message window to enter data.
Task: Validate the section by solving dimension constraints again
after successful regeneration, and the dimensions are now correct as below.
Task: Complete the section sketch and specify the direction and depth for the cut
feature
2. From the DIRECTION menu, select: >Okay to let red arrow pointing toward the
inside of the section (to be removed).
4. Type [.02] for the depth of the cut from the surface and press <CR>
Check: The prompt "CUT has been created successfully" appears in the message
window

...
5. *Cut (trim) the extruded protrusion to create a curved shape for the bottom part (*after
finishing the practice above)
2. Navigate directories and select the part file name [bottom.prt] (bottom02.prt)
...
Task: prepare for the cut and enter the sketching environment

plane
5. From the DIRECTION menu, select: >Flip to let the red arrow pointing inside the
material (downward), if necessary, and then select: >Okay
6. From the SETUP SK PLN menu, select: >Bottom>Plane>Pick
7. Pick the datum plane DTM3 edge in the graphics window to use it as the
horizontal reference plane
reference in the sketching plane as shown below.
Task: Draw a horizontal centerline

1. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch>Line>Centerline |Horizontal
2. Draw a horizontal centerline along with the datum plane DTM3
4. Pick the horizontal centerline and DTM3 to align
Check: The prompt "--ALIGNED---" appears in the message window after successful
alignment
Task: Retrieve a saved section sketch
1. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sec Tools>Place Section
2. Select "topsec.sec" to retrieve a saved section which was created for the
extruded cut of the top part in Practice 3 and then choose Open in the Open
window as below
Note: the saved section should appear in a new graphics window and looks as
below. Follow prompts in the message window.
3. Press <CR> to accept the default rotating angle [0.000]

4. Pick a point on the section sketch geometry as the origin point for scaling
5. Pick the other point on the section geometry to move for scale/drag. Note this
point can not be the same as the one selected at step 4
6. Press <CR> to accept the default scaling factor [1.0000]
7. Move the mouse pointer to place the section sketch inside the graphics window.
Place the center points of the two arcs on the datum plane DTM3 and make sure
the sketch stay within the extruded protrusion, and then left-click to finish the
placement.
Task: Constrain the section sketch

2. Create the distance dimensions, sd19, sd20, and sd21 as shown below

4. Align the center points of the two arcs to the datum plane DTM3
Check: The prompt "--ALIGNED---" appears in the message window after each
successful alignment.

3. Type in the correct dimension and press <CR>
Task: Validate the section sketch again by solving its dimension constraints
after successful regeneration, and the dimensions are correct as below.
Task: Complete the section sketch and specify its direction and the depth of cut
2. From the DIRECTION menu, select: >Flip to let the red arrow pointing toward
the outside of the section and then select >Okay
3. From the SPEC menu, select: >Thru All|Done>Thru All|Done
window.
message window

...
Thin feature
The Thin option is available by selecting the Create>Solid>Protrusion (or Cut) command
sequence from the FEAT menu (also see the " Simple protrusion features"). To create a "thin"
protrusion, this command is applied in combination with the Extrude, Revolve, Sweep, or Blend
command. It can also be applied as an option to create a "thin" cut, when the Cut command is
activated. Contrary to the Solid option, the Thin option creates a feature by applying a uniform
thickness to the section sketch, which may be open or closed. The user has an option to specify
adding/subtracting the volume on one side or on both sides of the section sketch in the THIN OPT
menu:
Flip --- to flip the arrow to the opposite side.

Okay --- to create the feature on the side indicated by the arrow.
Both --- to create the feature equally on each side of the section.
Practice for creating a thin feature

Add the blended thin feature on the stepped side for the rotor part
...
Task: Set attributes for the blended feature
1. From the FEAT menu, select: Create>Solid>Protrusion>Blend|Thin|
Done>Parallel|RegularSec|Sketchsec|Done> Straight |Done
Check: The part model and the dialog box should appear as below.
Task: Make a datum plane for sketching plane

1. From the SETUP SK PLN menu, select: >Setup New>Make Datum >Through|
Plane >Pick
2. Pick the top plane surface on the stepped side
3. From the DATUM PLANE menu, select: >Done to create a new datum plane,
DTM4 through the plane surface
4. From the DIRECTION menu, select: >Okay to accept the red arrow pointing
upwards
5. From the SETUP SK PLN menu, select: >Setup New>Left>Plane>Pick
6. Pick the DTM3 symbol in the graphics window to use DTM3 as the vertical
reference plane
reference in the sketching plane
Note: Select the >Left option again to restart picking the datum for reference, if
unexpected selection occurs.
Task: Draw the first section of the blending
1. From the SKETCHER menu, select: > Sketch>Line>Centerline>2 Points
2. Draw two lines passing through the origin as shown below
3. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch> Circle>Geometry>Ctr/Point

4. Pick the origin and draw a circle of the same diameter as that of the small
cylinder on the stepped side
5.
6.
7.
8.
From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Alignment>Align>Pick

Pick the new circle (in red) and the existing circle (in white) to align
From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Geom tools>Divide>Pick
Pick the points P1, P2, P3, and P4 sequentially to divide the circle into four
segments
9. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch View to repaint the screen
alignment, if aligned successfully.
Note: Double-clicking the new circle can complete the alignment as well.
2. Dimension the angle (sd4) between the line and the centerline as shown below.
3. Dimension the angle (sd5) between the other line and the centerline
Check: The section geometry with dimensions should appear as below
Task: Validate the section by solving its dimension constraints

Check: The prompt "Section regenerated successfully" should appear in the message
window after successful regeneration, and each dimension symbol is replaced with a
number, indicating its current dimension.
2. Pick an angle dimension (Note that its color turns into red when picked)
3. Type in the accurate value [45] and press <CR>
4. Repeat step 2 to modify the other angle
Task: Validate the section by solving the dimension constraints again
Check: The prompt "Section regenerated successfully" should appear in the message
window after successful regeneration, and the dimensions are now accurate.
Task: Draw the second section of the blending

1. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sec Tools>Toggle to let the blue arrow
dimmed
2. From the SKETCHER menu, select: > Sketch>Line>Centerline>Vertical
3. Draw a vertical centerline along the datum plane DTM3
4. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch>Line>Centerline>Horizontal
5. Draw a horizontal centerline along the datum plane DTM1

7. Pick the vertical centerline and DTM3 to align it to the datum plane, DTM3
8. Pick the horizontal centerline and DTM1 to align it to the datum plane, DTM1
9. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch>Rectangle
10. Pick the point P1 and draw a square rectangle symmetric to the vertical and
horizontal center lines
11. From the SKETCHER menu, select: >Sketch View to repaint the screen
alignment.
2. Pick an edge of the rectangle and then middle-click to place its dimension (sd8)
Check: The section geometry with dimensions should appear as shown below.

with a number.
2. Pick the dimension (Note that its color turns into red when picked)
3. Type the actual value [.5] and press <CR>
after successful regeneration, and the dimension is now accurate.
Note: One of the angle dimensions may have to be deleted to regenerate successfully.
Task: Finish the section sketch and specify the thin thickness and feature depth
2. From the THIN OPT menu, select: >Okay to accept the arrow direction toward
the inside of the square rectangle representing the direction to add material.
3. Type in [.1] for the thickness of the thin feature
4. From the DEPTH menu, select: >Blind|Done
5. Enter the depth for the second section [.3] and press <CR>
window

message window

...
Straight hole
A straight hole is the simplest hole and a commonly used, depressed feature. It can be viewed as
a circular slot, linearly extruded with a circular section into the part model. The extrusion starts
from the placement surface to a specified depth or a reference surface. The placement surface is
equivalent to the sketching plane, on which the circular section is placed. The size of the hole is
controlled by its diameter. To create a straight hole, the user first selects the Create>Solid>Hole
command sequence from the FEAT menu and then the Straight option from the HOLE OPTS
menu.
After selecting the Done option, the user may select one of the following four options in the
PLACEMENT menu to locate the hole feature:
Linear --- to locate the hole from two edges (using linear dimensions).
Radial ---to place the hole around an axis (using polar dimensions).
Coaxial --- to place the hole co-axially, with its center located on an existing axis (no
placement dimensions are required).
On Point --- to place the center of the hole directly on a datum point that is on a surface.
The feature will be created normal to the surface on which the point is located.
Practices for creating straight holes

1. Create a blind hole for the button part
2. Navigate directories and select the part file name [button.prt] (button03.prt)
...
1. From the FEAT menu, select: >Create>Solid>Hole>Straignt|Done
2. From the PLACEMENT menu, select: >Linear|Done
3. Press the Ctrl key and middle-click and concurrently move the mouse to spin the
model to show the bottom surface upward
Check: The model orientation should appear as shown below.
Task: Select a placement plane and its two references to locate the hole
1. From the GET SELECT menu, select: >Pick
2. Pick on P1 on the bottom surface as its placement plane

4. Pick DTM1 as the first reference for hole location
5. Type [0] in the message window and press <CR> to let the hole axis be on the
DTM1 plane.
7. Pick DTM2 as the second reference for hole location
8. Type [0] in the message window and press <CR> to let the hole axis on the
DTM2 plane
Task: Determine the direction for hole creation and its dimension(s)
1. From the SIDES menu, select: >One Side|Done
2. From the SPEC TO menu, select: >Blind|Done
3. Type in the actual depth of the hole, [.25] and press <CR>
4. Type in the actual diameter of the hole ,[.08] and press <CR>
Check: The prompt "All elements have been defined" appears in the message window
Check: The prompt "HOLE has been created successfully" appears in the message
window. Verify the model as shown below.

...
2. Create the co-axial hole for the rotor part
...
Task: Set up attributes for the hole
2. From the PLACEMENT menu, select: >Coaxial|Done
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
From the GET SELECT menu, select: >Pick

Pick the axis, A_1 for the hole
From the GET SELECT menu, select: >Pick
Pick the datum plane DTM2 to create the hole (as its starting plane)
From the DIRCTION menu, select: >Flip to let the red arrow pointing upward to
indicate the direction of hole creation as shown below and then select >Okay
8. From the SIDES menu, select: >One side|Done

9. From the SPEC TO menu, select: >Thru Next|Done
10. Type [.3] and press <CR> for the diameter
window
window, and the model should appear as below.

...
3. *Create two holes near the larger end of the protrusion of the top part (after finishing the
practice in the Chapter Four)
...
Task: Prepare for the hole feature (to be defined as a radial hole)
1. From the FEAT menu, select: >Create>Solid>Hole>Straight|Done
2. From the PLACEMENT menu, select: >Radial|Done>Pick
3. Pick the top curved surface as its placement point for the hole
4. Pick the datum plane DTM1 to be used as a reference plane for radial (polar)
dimensioning
5. Type in an angle [7.5] in degrees and press <CR>
6. Pick the datum plane DTM3 which is normal to the cylinder surface as the other
reference plane
7. Type [.8] for the distance between the hole center and the datum plane DTM3
10. Type [.5] for the hole diameter and press <CR>
Note: When the Radial|Done>Pick option is used, the user is asked to pick a
placement point, instead of a placement plane; thus the user needs to be more specific
of the location to pick the point on the surface.

Check: The prompt "HOLE has been created successfully" should appear in the
message window, and the model appears as below
Task: Prepare for creating the other hole (to be defined as a radial hole)
2. From the PLACEMENT menu, select: >Radial|Done>Pick
3. Select a location on the cylindrical surface for the placement point (near the first
hole)
4. Pick the datum plane DTM1 to be used as a reference plane for radial (polar)
dimensioning
5. Type an angle [-3] in degrees and press <CR>
6. Pick the datum plane DTM3 which is normal to the cylinder surface as the other
reference plane
7. Type [.5] for the distance between the hole center and the datum plane DTM3
10. Type [.4] for the hole diameter and press <CR>
window, and the model appears as below.
Tip: The selection of the placement point for a radial hole is critical to dimensioning
between the hole and its reference. In this instance, the point picked for the hole is
located on the right of its reference plane (DTM 1) for radial dimensioning. To decide
whether to enter a positive or negative angle, the user should image an additional
reference plane that is parallel to the selected reference plane (i.e., DTM1) and going
through the centerline of the cylindrical surface. A positive angle will lead to creating a
hole on the right side of the imaginary reference plane. A negative value will create a
hole on the opposite. If a hole is created on the wrong side, the user can use the
Modify option from the PART menu and enter a negative angle.
...
Edge chamfer
A chamfer is a beveled surface created on a convex edge (or corner) to improve part handling and
safety. A typical chamfer is an edge chamfer with a 45 o angle. It equally cuts the surface on both
sides of the edge. To create a 45o edge chamfer, the user first selects the Create>Solid>Chamfer
command sequence from the FEAT menu and then the Edge option from the CHAMF menu. The
user then selects the 45xd option from the SCHEME menu to pick the edge(s) and enter the size
of the chamfer.
Practices for creating edge chamfers

1. Create an edge chamfer for the button part
...
1. From the FEAT menu, select: > Create>Solid>Chamfer>Edge>45xd
2.
3.
4.
5.
Type the chamfer dimension, [.02] and press <CR>

From the GET SECLECT menu, select: >Pick
Pick the hole edge on the bottom surface (colored in blue when picked)
From the GET SECLECT menu, select: >Done Sel>Done Refs
Check: The prompt "CHAMFER has been created successfully" appears in the
message window, and verify the model as shown below.

...
2. *Create chamfers for the bottom part (*after finishing the practice in the Chapter Four)
...
Task: Define chamfer attributes
1. From the FEAT menu, select: > Create>Solid>Chamfer>Edge>45 x d
2. Type the chamfer dimension [.02] and press <CR>

3. From GET SECLECT menu, select: >Pick
4. Pick the two inner edges on the top of the two bosses
5. From the GET SECLECT menu, select: >Done Sel>Done Refs

Check: The prompt "CHAMFER has been created successfully" appears in the
message window, and the model appears as below.

...
Simple constant round

A round is a form feature created in Pro/ENGINEER by removing/adding a volume to create a
smooth surface on an edge. A simple constant round is a round feature of a constant radius. To
create a simple constant round, the user first selects the Create>Solid>Round command
sequence from the FEAT menu and then the Simple option from the ROUND TYPE menu. The
user then selects the Constant|Edge Chain options from the RND SET ATTR menu.
After the Edge Chain option is selected, the user may select one of the following options from the
CHAIN menu to pick the edge(s) for rounding:
One By One --- to select an edge chain by picking each edge or curve, one at a time.
Tangnt Chain --- to select an edge chain by selecting an edge at a time. When an edge is
selected, the system will identify recursively all other edges that are tangent to one another.
Surf Chain --- to select a chain of edges on the selected surface.
Unselect --- to un-select previously selected edge(s).
To pick a hidden edge (or any hidden entity), use the Query Sel command from the GET SELECT
menu, instead of the Pick option. Select the Done option from the CHAIN menu to finish the edge
selection for rounding.
Practices for creating simple constant rounds

1. Create the round features for the button part
...
1. From the FEAT menu, select: >Create>Solid>Round>Simple|Done
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
From the RND SET ATTR menu, select: >Constant|Edge Chain|Done

From the CHAIN menu, select: >Tangent Chain>Pick
Pick edges E1, E2, and E3
From the GET SECLECT menu, select: >Query Sel
Pick edge E4 and select >Accept from the CONFIRM menu, only when E4 is
highlighted (picked). Otherwise, continue selecting >Next from the CONFIRM
menu until E4 is highlighted.
7. From the CHAIN menu, select: >Done

8. From the RADIUS TYPE menu, select: >Enter>New Value
9. Place the mouse pointer inside the graphics window or the message window
10. Type in the radius of the round, [.01] and then press <CR>
Check: The prompt "ROUND has been created successfully" appears in the message
window. Verify the model as shown below.

...
2. Round major edges on the rotor part
...
Task: Select simple round option
2. From the RND SET ATTR menu, select: >Constant|Edge Chain|Done

3. From the CHAIN menu, select: >Tangent Chain>Pick
4. Pick a total of 10 edges as highlighted in the following snapshots

6. From the RADIUS TYPE menu, select: >Enter>New Value
7. Put the mouse pointer inside either the graphics window or the message window
and type the round radius [.02] and then press <CR>
window
Note: To pick a hidden edge, the user may select >Query Sel from the GET SECLECT
menu to conveniently pick the edge. Select >Accept from the CONFIRM menu only
when the desired edge is highlighted. Otherwise, continue selecting the >Next option
from CONFIRM menu until.
Check: The prompt "ROUND has been created successfully" should appear in the
message window, and the model should appear as below.

...
3. *Round major edges on the top part (*after finishing the practice in the Chapter Four)
...
Task: Round major edges on the part model

4. Pick the two edges as highlighted below in blue.
5.
6.
7.
8.
From the CHAIN menu, select: >Done

Type [.6] for the radius and press <CR>
From the Dialog Box, select: OK
Repeat steps 1 to 7 to create additional rounds on edges highlighted below, but
now the radii are 2.2
after step 6; and the prompt "ROUND has been created successfully" appears in the
message window after step 7, and the rounds appear as below.

...
4. *Round the side edges of the trimmed protrusion for the bottom part (*after finishing the
practice above)
...
Task: Round the side edges of the part

4. Pick the two edges as highlighted below
5.
6.
7.
8.
From the CHAIN menu, select: >Done

Type [.6] for the radius and press <CR>
From the Dialog Box, select: OK
Repeat steps 1 to 7 to create other rounds at edges highlighted below. But the
radii are 2.2
after step 6, the prompt "ROUND has been created successfully" appears in the
message window after step 7, and the rounds appear as below.

...
5. *Round the bottom edges of the bottom part (*after finishing the practice in the Chapter
Four)

...
Task: Round a single edge on the bottom

4. Pick the edge highlighted shown below.

6. Type [6.2] for the radius and press <CR>
message window after step 7, and the round appears as below.
Task: Round an edge chain on the bottom using the variable option
2. From the RND SET ATTR menu, select: >Variable|Edge Chain|Done

4. Pick the edges as highlighted below

6. From the GEN PNT SEL menu, select: >Select>Pick to create points with
different radius rounds
7. Pick the 6 points, following the order as marked below (P1, , P6)
8. From the GEN PNT SEL menu, select: >Done

9. Type [.2] for the radius at P1 and press <CR>

message window after step 15, and the rounds now appear as below.
Note: In this rounding, the radius at P1 is .2, gradually reduces to .15 at P2, stays at .15
until it reaches P3m; and so on.

...
Summary
This chapter is focused on the skills required to model simple parts with Pro/ENGINEER
commands. It starts with a description of the modeling procedure and default datum planes. It
covers basic feature modeling commands for creating protrusions, cuts, straight holes, chamfers,
rounds, and thin features, and practices represent the applications of chosen commands in the
end of each section. This chapter also places a focus on how to create a section sketch during
feature creation.
In each section of feature creation commands there are step-by-step procedures for modeling
example parts. The purpose is to illustrate an application of these Pro/ENGINEER commands for
part modeling in consecutive sequences. Numerous snapshots are provided to facilitate the
modeling process and verify the result. A novice user is suggested to follow each detailed step and
compare the result with its corresponding graphic snapshot. A user with hands-on Pro/ENGINEER
experience may choose to follow only the modeling procedure outlined for each example to
refresh.
Appendix
Modeling the Button Part - Practice 1
Modeling the Rotor Part - Practice 2

ProE Notes

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

ProE Notes

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Pro/Engineer

A menu name in menu panel; in capital

A command option in a menu; in bold

A sequence of commands, each

A sequence of commands, each

An option in a dialog box or frame, or a

Number or text entered through the

Message appearing in the message

Click the left mouse button once

Click the middle mouse button once

Click the right mouse button once

Click the left mouse button once on an

Click the left mouse button to select a

Middle button Right button

Exiting a Pro/ENGINEER session

Enter the new name (for example, s2d0001) in the Name

in message area to accept or cancel the save

Saving an object with a new name

The Sketcher menu

Exiting the Sketcher mode

Perpendicular --- It creates a line perpendicular to an

creates a line by picking a desired point

Horizontal--- It creates a horizontal line (with reference to

Vertical--- It is the same as the Horizontal command

Concentric--- It creates an arc by picking an existing circle

3 Tangent --- It creates an arc by picking three geometric

Fillet --- It creates an arc

Geometry --- It creates a geometric entity of circle.

Concentric--- It creates a circle by picking an existing circle or arc which it is concentric

Left mouse button

Left mouse button

Middle mouse button

Middle mouse button

Middle mouse button

Left mouse button

Right mouse button

Right mouse button

Middle mouse button

Vertical--- to specify the vertical distance between the points.

Slanted--- to specify the actual distance between the points.

Revolved section--- pick the entity to be dimensioned, pick

Similarly to dimensioning a diameter, arcs and circles may be

between two lines and between the

A sketch may be viewed as under-dimensioned by the system, when it does not

Similar entities on both sides of a centerline

Horizontal and vertical

Lines that are approximately horizontal or

Parallel and perpendicular

Lines that are sketched approximately parallel

Entities sketched approximately tangent to

each other are assumed to be tangent.

Lines of approximately the same length are

Point entities lying on

Point entities that lie near a line, arc, or circle

Graphical Display of Sketcher Constraints

Line segments with equal

"L" with an index in subscript (for example:

" " with an index in subscript

"//" with an index in subscript

"R" with an index in subscript

in the toolbar to toggle display of

Changing a Section Sketch

Two sides of a datum plane