DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER CALCULATIONS

Developed by : Mahmoud Salama

Eng_Mah.salama@hotmail.com

01- (MV/LV) Transformer Sizing :-

>>>>>

Primary Rated Voltage (kV.)

13.8

Secondary Rated Voltage (kV.)

Max. Demand Load (kW)

0.400

50

COMMON STANDARD RATINGS FOR OIL TYPE TRANSFORMERS (KVA)

63

100

160

200

1000

300

500

800

1000

1500

PF. After Correction

0.85

2000

2500

3000

Max. Apparent Power (KVA)

1176

Trans. Type

oil

Permissible loading percentage (%)

80

100

160

200

250

315

Calculated Trans. Rating (KVA)

1470.59

400

500

630

800

1000

The Nearest standard Trans. Rating (KVA)

1500

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

Transformer Loading percentage (%)

78

COMMON STANDARD RATINGS FOR DRY TYPE TRANSFORMERS (KVA)

.
%

* Consult your local area manufacturer for the available ratings.

SUCCEED RATING

02- Calculating Over current Protection device rating on the low voltage Side of the transformer :Transformer Design Current (Ib)

=
S(KVA) / (Sqrt (3) x kV)
Nearest Nominal Current of the Protective Circuit Breaker (In)

=
=

2165
2500

Amp.
Amp.

SUCCEED RATING

03- Calculating the Prospective Short Circuit Current across the low voltage side of the transformer :Short Circuit Fault Current (Isc)

=
1500

Trans. Design Current (Ib) x 100 / Usc%.

Another Method
Isc = V no load / {Sqrt (3) x Ztr.}

Trans. Rating

KVA

Usc %

Total losses (w) =

20186.0

Isc*

43.30

KA

Rtr (mille-ohm) =

1.4

Ztr (mille-ohm) =

5.3

* Calc. Short circuit at the low voltage terminals of a transformer is considered the highest prospective value of SC at low voltage side.

Xtr (mille-ohm) =

5.1

Isc (KA)=

43.3

04- Calculating natural ventilation openings sizes required for the transformer room :Where :P=

20.186

KW

S=

0.18P/ Sqrt(H) =

m2

P = the sum of the no-load losses and the full-load losses expressed in kW.
S = the sectional area of the incoming-air orifice (m2).

Assume :-

H=

S = the sectional area of the outgoing-air orifice (m2).

S' =

1.1 (S) =

m2

H = height (centre to centre) of the outgoing air orifice above the incoming-air orifice (m 2).