Genito-Urinary

system

What are the parts of urinary system

Two Kidneys
produce urine

Two Ureters
Transport urine from
Kidneys to Urinary
Bladder

Urinary Bladder
stores Urine until
excretion

Urethra
passes urine from
bladder to outside of
body

Main word roots and their meanings

Combining
form

Meaning Combining
form

Nephr/o
Ren/o

Kidney

Pyelo

Renal Pelvis

Ureter/o

Uretet

Cyst/o
Vasico

Urinary bladder

Urethr/o

Urethra

Ur/o
Urin/o

Urine

Glomerulo

glomrulus

Meaning

Meaning
Suffix

-lithiasis
-uria

Urination, urine

-tripsy

To crush the stone

Combining forms of urinary system

1-kidney =
Nephr/o, Ren /o
(nephrology -nephrologist-renal )

renal pelvis=

Pyel /o
2-Ureter =
Ureter /o
3-urinary bladder = Cyst/o ,vesic/o
4-Urethra =
urethr/o
Urine =
Ur /o , urin /o (uremia)

(urologist )

Suffixes of the urinary system

-uria =urine
Dysuria
nocturia
anuria
Polyuria

hematuria
Albuminuria
pyuria
glycosuria

-Lithiasis= stone
Nephrolithiasis
cystolithiasis
ureterolithiasis
-tripsy =crushing a stone
Lithotripsy

Suffixes of the urinary system

-ptosis= prolapse or falling ...(nephroptosis)
-pexy =fixation .(nephropexy)
-pathy =disease ..(nephropathy)
-cele = hernia or protrusion (cystocele)
-stomy= surgical opening (nephrostomy)
-ectomy =removal of the kidney(..)
-scopy= visual examination
-rraphy= suture
-gram = image or record
-graphy=process of recording or an x-ray imaging

Medical term built from word parts

Renal : pertaining to the kidney

Nephritis : inflammation of the kidney
Ureterectomy :excision of ureter
Cystoscopy: Visual examination of the
urinary bladder
Vesical : pertaining to urinary bladder
Urethritis : inflammation of the urethera

Medical term built from word parts

Dysuria : painful urination (micturation)

Hematuria :blood in the urine
Uremia : urea in blood (nitrogenous products)
Anuria :no urine production
Nephrolithiasis: abnormal condition of
kidney stones

Female reproductive system

Ovaries
produces ovum (egg cell) & hormones
Fallopian tubes
tubes for eggs to travel from ovaries to uterus
Uterus
Site of fetus development; lining builds up each month
Cervix
opening to uterus, dilates 10 cm for birthing baby
Vagina
birth canal for birthing baby ,it lead to vulva ,the external exposed part.

Main word roots and their meanings

Combining form

Meaning

Oophor/ o Ovari/ o

Ovaries

Hyster/o - metri/ometr/o- uter/o

Uterus

Cervic/o

Neck of uterus

Colp / o

Vagina

Mast/o mammo / o

Breast

Men/o

Month

Salping/o

Fallopian tubes

Placent/o

placenta

Combining
form

Meaning

Medical Terms of female

genital system
gynecology: study of the female genital tract
woman
Gynecologist - a physician specializing in
diseases of the female genital system
Obstetric -. A science dealing with the study of
pregnancy and labor.

Combining forms of Female genital system

Oophor/ o Ovari/ o =Ovary
Salpin- Salping/o =oviduct
= Uterus
Endometrium
Myometrium
Cervic/o= neck of uterus
Colp / o =vagina
Mast/o mammo / o =breast
Men/o= month - menstruation
monthly flow of blood from uterus

Symptoms & Signs Terms Built from Word Parts

Ovary :Oophoritis
Fallopian tube :Salpingitis,

Salpingoophoritis
hematosalpinx (blood in the fallopian tube)
Pyosalpinx (Pus)
Endometrium :endometritis ,inflammation of the inner
membrane of uterus

Vagina :Colpoptosis :prolapse of vagina

Breast : mastalgia - Mastitis

galactorrhea :increase flow of milk from breast

Medical Terms Built from Men/o

Menorrhea :
Menstrual blood flow (monthly flow of blood)
Menopause:
cessation or stop of menstruation
Menorrhagia : hypermenorrhea
excessive flow of blood from uterus during
menstruation (excessive menstrual flow)
Metrorrhagia: excessive flow of blood from uterus
(bleeding from the uterus nonmenstrual)

dysmenorrhea :
(painful menstruation)
Amenorrhea. : no menstruation (absence)
Oligomenorrhea : decrease in quantity & duration or in
frequency.
Polymenorrhea : too frequent menstruation
Leukorrhea??????

Terms of Pregnancy and labor

-gravida

Pregnancy

-Para

multigravida (many
pregnancies)
Live birth
Nullipara (no live births),
multipara (many live
births)

Part/o, - Nat/o
toc/o

Nulligravida (never
pregnant),

Labor/birth Prepartum, postpartum

/delivery (before and after delivery),
prenatal &postnatal
Perinatal .
Oxytocic drug

What is the meaning of gravida 3, para 2 ?

Procedures

Hysterosalpingography :X-ray examination of uterus and

fallopian tubes
Colposcopy :visual examination or viewing the interior of
vagina)
Colposcope: instrument for vaginal examination
mammography (X-ray imaging the breast)
Pelvic ultrasonography:
procedure that produces an image of sound waves of organs
in the pelvis
Ovariotomy
Oophorectomy,
oophorocystectomy (removal of ovarian cyst )
Hysterotomy -hysterectomy
Colporrhaphy (suturing a tear),
colpoplasty (vaginal repair),
(Colpostomy & Colostomy???????
Mammoplasty - Surgical reconstruction of the breast.

Drugs
Oxytocic drug;
oxy =rapid
-tocic =delivery
-drug for induction of labour , by stimulation of
uterine contraction

Oral contraceptive drugs ;

Contra- = aganist
drug prevent pregnancy.

Exercise
1-Painful urination is termed:
A-Dysuria

b-Uremia

c-Hematuria

d-Anuria

2-Pertaining to the urinary bladder is termed:

A-Renal

b-Vesical

c-Uretheral

d-ureteral

3-The term means x-ray record or image of the renal pelvis is:
A-Pyelogram

b-pyelography

c-Cystoscope

d-Cystoscopy

Quiz

Hematosalpinx is a term describing:

1-inflammation of the uterus
2-blood in a uterine tube
3-blood in the uterus
4-blood in the abdomen
Surgical repair of the vagina would be
termed
1-oophoropexy
2-colpoplasty
3-colostomy
4-colposcopy

Quiz
hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy is the term for
surgical removal of the
1-uterus
2-uterus and uterine tubes
3-uterus, uterine tubes and ovaries
4-uterus, uterine tubes , vagina and ovaries
woman who has two children, but had four
pregnancies would be noted on her medical file
as
1-gravida 2, para 4
2-gravida 4, para 2
3-gravida 4, para 4
4-gravida 4, para 0

Quiz
Mammoplasty refers to
1-removal of a breast
2-an X-ray of a breast
3-an abnormally large breast
4-inflammation of a breast
5-surgical reconstruction of a breast

Oligomenorrhea refers to
1-painful menstruation
2-cessation of regular menstrual periods
3-decrease or less than normal menstrual flow
4-abnormally heavy menstrual flow

Quiz
A patient requires surgery to restore and reattach
the uterus back in its normal anatomical position
because of uterine prolapse into the vagina. This
procedure is termed
1-colpopexy
2-colpoplasty
3-hysteropexy
4-hysterocolpectomy
A herniation or prolapse of the urinary bladder into
the vagina would be termed
1-colpcele
2-colpocystitis
3-colpocystoplasty
4-cystocele

Case Study
A 22-year-old female has come into the
gynecologist's office complaining of fever,
malaise, dysuria, and vaginal leukorrhea.
Upon examination, the physician observes
fluid-filled vesicles on her cervix, vulva,
and perineum. Several have ruptured into
ulcers with marked erythema and edema.
Palpation revealed painful and enlarged
inguinal lymph nodes. Her diagnosis is
genital herpes.

1-What pathological condition does this

patient have? .

_________________

2-List and define each of the patient's

presenting symptoms in your own words?.
__________________