Benchmark Study General Instructions

These instructions are common for all three benchmarks. This document includes
details on the material data files and how they are organized, how to subscribe for
benchmark participation and submit results.
Before downloading the files for a specific benchmark, the participant needs to
subscribe for each benchmark he wants to participate in. With this subscription, it is
guaranteed that updates and news for the corresponding benchmark will be
automatically sent by e-mail to each subscriber.
Deadlines pertinent to the submission of benchmark results are listed on the
Numisheet 2008 website in the Deadlines-section.
Data and instructions for specific benchmarks are described in the instruction file for
each benchmark that can be downloaded after the subscription. The download files
include an Instruction File in PDF format, several Standard Material Files in Excel
format and a Result Template in Excel format for the submission of the results. The
two Benchmarks BM02 and BM03 include also Geometry Files in IGES format.

Subscription for Benchmark Participation

Please generate first an account on the Numisheet 2008 website, log in, and then
subscribe for the benchmarks (see the Subscription to benchmark(s)-link in the
navigation).
Remark: Subscription is considered to only imply an intention to participate in the
benchmark study, not a commitment to participate and/or attend the conference.

Result File and Submission of Benchmark Results

Results are to be reported using the Benchmark Result Template that is included in
the download for the specific benchmark:

Benchmark 1: Numisheet08-BM01-Results.xls
Benchmark 2: Numisheet08-BM02-Results.xls
Benchmark 3: Numisheet08-BM03-Results.xls

The participant must copy the requested results from their analyses into the
appropriate cells of the template and complete the file name with his personal name:
E.g.: Numisheet08-BM01-Results_your name.xls

ETH Zurich, IVP-Institute of Virtual Manufacturing, CLA F 7, Tannenstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, SWITZERLAND
phone +41 (0)44 632 26 10, fax +41(0)44 632 11 65
numisheet2008@ethz.ch, www.numisheet2008.org

Before uploading the results using the Upload benchmarks results-link in your
account, collect all files of a specific benchmark in a folder, zip this folder with a
common zip-program and rename this new folder as specified below:

E.g.: Numisheet08-BM01-your name.zip

When entering the data in the requested cells of the Result File Excel spreadsheet,
the participants must follow these additional general guidelines.
1. Do not rename the worksheets, relocate cells or otherwise alter the structure
of the template.
2. Don not insert additional data in unused cells or add graphs to the Result File
(Exception: Failure-Picture Benchmark 03!)
3. Carefully check the list of data required for the specific benchmark in the
Benchmark Instruction File to be certain that all data fields are completed in
the spreadsheet. Depending on the screen settings/resolution, it is possible
that not all of the data entry fields are visible at one time.
4. Enter one of the following indices in Column B to the right of the material name
under Yield surface on the General Information worksheet. If the Yield Surface
is not listed, enter 0 and describe the yield surface model, including a
bibliographical reference, in the remarks-worksheet.
ID #

Yield Surface / Plastic Potential

Other than one of the models listed below

Von Mises

Hill 1948 Normal Anisotropic (r0 = r45 = r90 = rm)

Hill 1948 Fully Anisotropic

Hill 1979

Hill 1990

Gotoh

Hosford

Barlat 1989

Barlat 1991

10

Barlat 2000

11

Barlat 2004

12

Karafillis and Boyce

13

BBC 2003

14

Vegter

ETH Zurich, IVP-Institute of Virtual Manufacturing, CLA F 7, Tannenstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, SWITZERLAND
phone +41 (0)44 632 26 10, fax +41(0)44 632 11 65
numisheet2008@ethz.ch, www.numisheet2008.org

5. Enter one of the following indices in Column B to the right of the material name
under Hardening Law on the General Information worksheet. If the hardening
law is not listed, enter 0 and describe the hardening model, including a
bibliographical reference, in the remarks-worksheet.
ID #

Hardening Law

Other than one of the models listed below

Isotropic

Pure Kinematic (Ziegler / Prager)

Chaboche

6. Enter one of the following indices in Column B to the right of the material name
under Stress-Strain Relation on the General Information worksheet. Specify
which data set or method was used to define the stress-strain relation in
Column C or the same row. If the stress-strain relation is not listed, enter 0
and describe the used model, including a bibliographical reference, in the
remarks-worksheet. Also, if raw data is used (Option 4), specify how the
stress-strain relation was extended beyond uniform elongation in the remarks
section.
ID #

Stress-Strain Relation (Column B)

Other than one of the models listed below

Ludwik

= A n

Swift

= A( 0 + p )n

Ghosh

= A( 0 + p )n C

Voce

= A ( A B )e

( m p )

Hockett-Sherby

= A ( A B )e

( m pp )

Raw Data

ID #

Data Source for Stress-Strain Relation (Column C)

Average over all directions of uniaxial tension data

Rolling direction of uniaxial tension test

Biaxial bulge test data

7. For Benchmark BM01 Virtual Prediction of Ductile Material Failure:

Please insert the name of failure model and describe the model, including a
bibliographical reference, in the remarks-worksheet.

ETH Zurich, IVP-Institute of Virtual Manufacturing, CLA F 7, Tannenstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, SWITZERLAND
phone +41 (0)44 632 26 10, fax +41(0)44 632 11 65
numisheet2008@ethz.ch, www.numisheet2008.org

8. Enter values in the result file according to the following table:

Variable

Form

Units

Precision

Space dimensions

N/A

[mm]

0.1

Stress

True Stress

0.1

Strain

True Strain

MPa
Dimensionless
(not as percent)

0.1

Any files not following these instructions will be returned for correction. The
Benchmark Analysis Committee will make every effort to include all submissions in
their study and report that are received before the Benchmark Submission Due Date.
However, since each submission will be treated as a Read-Only file, any
modifications required to satisfy the above requirements are expected to be made by
the participants in a timely manner to meet the committees deadlines.

Material Files
A set of standard material properties is provided for each material in an Excel format.
Specifications of the experimental methods used to measure these material
properties are described in the next chapter. Participants are free to interpret and use
these results in the manner they choose. While some may choose to use an
approximated materials law, others may want to use the actual true stress true
strain data.
While many industrial participants tend to use simple models, the Standard Material
File also includes for some materials data and parameters required for more recently
developed anisotropic material models that more accurately describe the material
behaviour under biaxial stress conditions. These additional data, when available, are
reported in the Advanced Model worksheet of the Standard Material File.
The data will not be available for all materials from the beginning and may be
updated as additional testing is completed. Registered benchmark participants will be
notified of any updates or additions to the materials used in their benchmarks that are
placed in the download site and these updates will also be listed in Benchmark
Latest News. Participants may need to refer to these data to use the more
sophisticated material models.

ETH Zurich, IVP-Institute of Virtual Manufacturing, CLA F 7, Tannenstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, SWITZERLAND
phone +41 (0)44 632 26 10, fax +41(0)44 632 11 65
numisheet2008@ethz.ch, www.numisheet2008.org

Experimental Methods
The following tests and procedures are followed in preparing the material data of the
metals used in the benchmarks and are generally provided by the material supplier
who is participating in the benchmark in which their materials are being used.
Uniaxial tension tests are performed in three orientations (L: along the rolling
direction, T: 90 degrees to the rolling direction and D: 45 degrees to the rolling
direction) with three replicates for each orientation (9 sets of data per material). A
constant strain rate of d/dt=0.005 s-1 was used during the entire test using a 50 mm
extensometer for strain and elongation measurements.
For all other tests, the settings will be added and explained in the Standard Material
File in the specific Worksheets.
The following sets of measurements are obtained and results are reported in the
Standard Material File.

Worksheet Stress-Strain

True stress vs. true plastic strain up to Uniform Elongation

Yield Strength and Plastic Strain Ratio r at a true stress of =0.05
Averaged flow curve for each orientation
Approximation of the averaged flow curve for each orientation using
Ghosh/Swift and Hockett-Sherby laws

Worksheet Yield Loci

Parameters for different Yield Locus descriptions such as Hill48, Hill90, Barlat89,
BBC2000 and BBC2005 (if available).

Worksheet FLC
Forming Limit Curves (FLC) are provided in a separate worksheet of the Standard
Material File (not for Benchmark 1). However, these data are for reference purposes
only, since the benchmarks are designed not to exceed the formability limits of the
materials. These FLCs may be either experimental or theoretical in origin.

ETH Zurich, IVP-Institute of Virtual Manufacturing, CLA F 7, Tannenstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, SWITZERLAND
phone +41 (0)44 632 26 10, fax +41(0)44 632 11 65
numisheet2008@ethz.ch, www.numisheet2008.org

Worksheet Advanced Model

Additional tests have been done on some materials that provide parameters required
for the more sophisticated material models. Many of these results are summarized in
the Advanced Model worksheet of the Standard Material File.
These additional data include the following:
Hydraulic bulge equal-biaxial stretch tests with biaxial yield stress and
Plastic Strain Ratio rb
Experimental verification of Forming Limit Curves using modified Nakajima
tests
Additional tests are planned and may be added to the Standard Material File. A note
of these changes will be posted under Benchmark Latest News and registered
benchmark participants will be notified. The tests currently considered are:

Stress-strain data for three sets of tensile samples in 15-degree increments

in orientation relative to the rolling direction.
Tensile tests with different strain rates to account for strain-rate sensitivity of
the materials used
Crystallographic textures using Bunges notation (C coefficients)

ETH Zurich, IVP-Institute of Virtual Manufacturing, CLA F 7, Tannenstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, SWITZERLAND
phone +41 (0)44 632 26 10, fax +41(0)44 632 11 65
numisheet2008@ethz.ch, www.numisheet2008.org