Reg. No.

:
B.E. - INTERNAL EXAMINATION II, SEPTEMBER 2014
Semester
: FIFTH
Department: Mech
Subject Code & Title : ME 2301 THERMAL ENGINEERING
Date: 23.09.2014
Time
: 3 hours
Maximum: 100 marks
Answer ALL questions
Part A (10 x 2 = 20 marks)
1. What are the various types of nozzles and their function?
2. Define nozzle efficiency and critical pressure ratio.
3. What are the effects of super saturation in a steam nozzle?
4. Differentiate impulse turbine and reaction turbine.
5. Enumerate the energy losses in steam turbines.
6. Classify the various types of air compressors.
7. List about the application of compressed air.
8. Define free air delivery (FAD) with regard to a compressor.
9. What is the main advantages of intercooling in multistage air compressors?
10. How the intercooler reduces the power consumption of a compressor?
Part B (5 x 16 = 80 marks)
11. (a) Derive the expression for the exit velocity, mass flow rate of a steam nozzle.
Or
(b) (i) Derive an expression for maximum mass flow rate through convergent divergent nozzle for
steam

(12)
(ii) Dry saturated steam enters a steam nozzle at a pressure of 10bar and is discharged to a

pressure of 1.5bar.if the dryness fraction of the discharged steam is 0.95 what will be final velocity of
steam? Neglect initial velocity of steam.

(4)

12. (a) In a stage of impulse reaction turbine, steam enters with a speed of 250 m/sec, at an angle of
30 in the direction of blade motion. The mean speed of the blade is 150 m/sec. when the rotor is
running at 3000 rpm. The blade height is 10 cm. The specific volume of steam at nozzle outlet and
blade outlet are 3.5 m3/kg and 4 m3/kg respectively. The turbine develops 250 kW. Assuming the
Efficiency of nozzle and blades combined considered is 90% and carryover coefficient is 0.8; find
(i) The enthalpy drop in each stage
(ii) Degree of reaction
(iii) Stage efficiency.
Or
(b) Steam enters the blade of an impulse turbine with a velocity of 600m/s at an angle of 25 0 to the
plane of rotation of the blades. The mean blade speed is 250m/s.The blade angle at the exit side is30 0
.the blade friction loss is 10%. Determine (I) The blade angle at inlet (ii) The work done per kg of
steam (iii) The diagram efficiency (iv) The axial thrust per kg of steam per sec.

(16)

13. (a) Explain with the sketches the velocity and pressure compounding of impulse turbine
Or
(b) (i) Explain with the help of neat sketch the principle of operation of a reciprocating air
compressor.

(8+8)

(ii) With the help of neat sketch explain the principle of operation of a centrifugal compressor.
14. (a) (i)Derive an expression for the minimum work required for a two-stage reciprocating air
compressor with perfect intercooling.

(8)

(ii) A two-stage air compressor compresses air from 1bar and 20 0 c to 42bar .if the law of
compression pv1.35 =constant and the intercooling is perfect. Find per kg of air 1.The work done in
compression, 2.the mass of cooling water necessary for abstracting the heat in the intercooler, if the
temperature rise of cooling water is 250 c.

(8)
Or

(b) (i) Explain the working principle of axial compressor with a neat sketch.

(6)

(ii) A single stage single acting air compressor, the clearance volume is 5% of stroke volume.
Air is drawn in constant pressure of 1 bar at a temperature of 37 oC. Compression follows the law pv 1.2
= C and the receiver pressure is 7 bar. The compressor delivers 15kg of air / min. Find
(i) Volumetric efficiency, (ii) Power required to drive the compressor.

(10)

15.(a) A three-stage air-compressor delivers 5.2 m3 of free air per minute. The suction pressure and
temperature are 1 bar and 30C. The ambient pressure and temperature 24 are 1.03 bar and 20C. The
air is cooled to 30C after each stage of compression. The delivery pressure of the compressor is 150
bar. The RPM of the compressor is 300.The clearances of LP, I.P and H.P cylinders are 5% of the
respective strokes. n = 1.35. Neglecting pressure losses, find the B.P of the motor required to run the
compressor if the mechanical efficiency is 80%.
Or
(b) (i) A two stage air compressor compresses air from 1 bar and 20C to 42 bar. If the law of
compression is pv1.3= constant and the inter cooling is perfect. Find per kg of air
(i) The work done in compression
(ii) The mass of cooling water necessary for abstracting the heat in the intercooler, if the temperature
rise of the cooling water is 25C.

(8)

(ii) Explain with suitable sketches the working of two stage air compressor with actual p-v
diagram.

(8)
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