OBJECTIVE- To learn about sleep in case analysis using a documented case.

INTRODUCTON;
CASE STUDY- a form of qualitative descriptive research that is used to look at i
ndividuals, a small group of participants, or a group as a whole. Researchers co
llect data about participants using participant and direct observations, intervi
ews, protocols, tests, examinations of records, and collections of writing sampl
es. Starting with a definition of the case study, the guide moves to a brief his
tory of this research method. Using several well documented case studies, the gu
ide then looks at applications and methods including data collection and analysi
s. A discussion of ways to handle validity, reliability, and generalizability fo
llows, with special attention to case studies as they are applied to composition
studies.
definition;a process or record of research into the development of a particular
person, group, or situation over a period of time.
TYPES OF CASE STUDY;
- Explanatory; This type of case study would be used if you were seeking to answ
er a question that sought to explain the presumed causal links in real-life inte
rventions that are too complex for the survey or experimental strategies.
- Exploratory; This type of case study is used to explore those situations in wh
ich the intervention being evaluated has no clear, single set of outcomes (Yin,
2003).
- Multiple-case studies; A multiple case study enables the researcher to explore
differences within and between cases. The goal is to replicate findings across
cases. Because comparisons will be drawn, it is imperative that the cases arecho
sen carefully so that the researcher can predict similar results across cases, o
r predict contrasting results based on a theory (Yin, 2003).
- Intrinsic; Stake (1995) uses the term intrinsic and suggests that researchers
who have a genuine interest in the caseshould use this approach when the intent
is to better understand the case. It is not undertaken primarily because the cas
e represents other cases or because it illustrates a particular traitor problem,
but because in allits particularity and ordinariness, the case itself is of int
erest.
- Instrumental; Is used to accomplish something other than understanding a parti
cularsituation. It provides insight into an issue or helps to refine a theory. T
he case is of secondary interest; it plays a supportive role, facilitating ourun
derstanding of something else. The case is often looked at in depth, itscontexts
scrutinized, its ordinary activities detailed, and because it helps the researc
her pursue the external interest.
- Collective; Collective case studies are similar in nature and description to m
ultiple case studies (Yin, 2003).
Advantages and Disadvantages of Case Studies
Advantages;
-Case studies allow a lot of detail to be collected that would not normally be e
asily obtained by other research designs. The data collected is normally a lot r
icher and of greater depth than can be found through other experimental designs.
-Case studies tend to be conducted on rare cases where large samples of similar
participants are not available. An example of this is the study of Phineas Gage
by Harlow, J.M. This example also connects with the point above with the depth o
f data obtained. Cases of brain damage are quite minimal and it is extremely rar
e to find people with the exact same parts of the brain affected. To be able to
gain knowledge of brain functions the damage between people have to be exact to
ensure you are testing the right thing, this can generally only be done through
case studies.

-Case studies can help experimenters adapt ideas and produce novel hypotheses wh
ich can be used for later testing.
disadvantages;
-One of the main criticisms is that the data collected cannot necessarily be gen
eralised to the wider population. This leads to data being collected over longit
udinal case studies not always being relevant or particularly useful.
-Case studies are generally on one person, but there also tends to only be one e
xperimenter collecting the data. This can lead to bias in data collection, which
can influence results more than in different designs.
STEPS IN CASE ANALYSIS;
1. Skim the case rather quickly to get an overview of the situation it presents.
This quick overview should
give you the general fl avor of the situation and indicate the kinds of issues a
nd problems that you will
need to wrestle with. If your instructor has provided you with study questions f
or the case, now is the
time to read them carefully
2. Read the case thoroughly to digest the facts and circumstances. On this readi
ng, try to gain full
command of the situation presented in the case.
3. Carefully review all the information presented in the exhibits. Often, there
is an important story in the
numbers contained in the exhibits. Expect the information in the case exhibits t
o be crucial enough to
materially affect your diagnosis of the situation.
4. Decide what the strategic issues are. Until you have identified the strategic
issues and problems in the
case, you don t know what to analyze, which tools and analytical techniques are ca
lled for, or otherwise
how to proceed. At times the strategic issues are clear either being stated in the
case or else obvious from
reading the case.
5. Apply the concepts and techniques of strategic analysis you have been studyin
g. Strategic analysis is
not just a collection of opinions; rather, it entails applying the concepts and
analytical tools described
6. Check out confl icting opinions and make some judgments about the validity of
all the data and
information provided.
6. Support your diagnosis and opinions with reasons and evidence. The most impor
tant things to prepare
for are your answers to the question.
CASE ANALYSIS
SEXUAL ABUSE IN INTIMATE RELATION
The case is documented of young Ayehsa, from grade based violence and harassment
to the trauma while negotiating with government agencies, especially the police
, this amount highlights the dominant hold of patriarchy. It undersure the stifl
ing notions of masculimity and morality as well as the needs to challenge these
at home and outside. It gives us brief discription of how has partner had develo
ped a sexual relationship with her by assuring that their relationship would lea
d to marriage. ayesha's father's as surring support to his daughter in the face
of abuse from her partner, insenstivity from the police and emloyers at worlplac
e is truly inspiring, The story underlines that women for myriad reasons such as
societal norms and pressures to conform to patriarchal values
after put up with

abuse and abusive partners before they can break free. All through the amount,
therer are inummerable instances of how fathe and daughter, with the support fro
m tagori, fought structures of power (Social and administrative) grounded in pat
riarchy.
PROBLEMS IN THE CASE
1) Physical and mental desecration
a) Forced Sex : As evident in the case he asked ayesha to have sex and fed her c
ontraceptive pills despite of her bleeding.
b) Blackmailing : It can be seen in the case while living in america he threaten
ed minisha not to complain about him to anyone otherwise he will burn her passpo
rt.
REASONS
I) Problems could be regarding conflict of many issues or maybe raman never want
ed to marry ayesha but she was forcing him to be with her.
II) There might be differences about how bith of them percieves love relationshi
p.
III) Commotation of being in a livein-relationship for men and women are differe
nt usually in indian society it is not appropriate to be in a intimate live-in-r
elationship as it is not considered morally right. A boy in a live-in-relationsh
ip can easily opt out of the relationship and marry someone else opposite the ca
se with girls as according to indian culture purity matters and is given importa
nce.
INSENSTIVITY TOWARDS WOMEN PLIGHT
a) Traumatic experience with police:- As it can be seen in the case when ayesha
efforts to lodge and FIR against Raman she met with humiliating remarks and refu
sal to comply and also prejuidice about her being a girl from notheast and a cer
tain community.
b) kidnapping blame: when Raman refused to marry ayesha because his parents reje
ction and when ayesha and his father threatens him to lodge a complaint with pol
ice, Rama locks ayesha and his parents. However Raman's parents acused ayesha of
kidnapping Raman.
c) Raman's Dominant Attitude:
I) It can be seen in the case that when Ayesha as nominated to go america for jo
le training, Raman didn't allow her to take the offer. Ironically, when the same
offer was given to him he readily accepted it citing financial reasons.
II) A cold night in january in washington he threw ayesha out of the house and l
et her in only when she collapsed.
REASONS:
a) Societal conception towards woman in livin-in-relationship.
b) Religion palys a major role because both ayesha and raman belong to different
religion.
c) Patriarchal view of society,Socialiyation problem that is men are raised in a
way that women are subordinate.
d) Organisations are very concious about their image in market and in organisati
on people forsee their benifits and try to reduce their costs. This can be expla
ined using Rational Choice Theory. The basic idea of rational chioce theory is t
hat the patterns of behaviour in societies reflect the choices made by individua
ls as they try to maximise their costs. In other words people make decisions abo

ut how they should act by comparing the costs and benifits of different courses
of action. As a result, Patterns of behaviour will develop withing the society t
hat results from those choices
3) Abortion
a) Abortion Incident : From the case it is evident that when ayesha was pregnant
, Raman asked her to abort the fetus, depite the contrary advice of the doctor.
b) Confidence on Raman's Assurance: It can be seen in the case that she believed
raman's assurance of marrying the knowledge of his parents thinking.
Reasons:
1) Women in nature are emotionally dependent on men, they also expect that if th
ey are sharing everything in a relationship their partner should also share.
It can be supported by Equity Theory.
The theory proposes that individuals who think themselves as either under-reward
ed or over-rewarded will experience distress, and that the distress leads to eff
orts to restore equity.
PROBABLE SOLUTIONS
The solutions or steps that could have been taken by the victim or others involv
ed in the whole problem.
1) Legal right awarness : Every indvidual should have knowledge about their righ
ts which include laws in the society of awarness about their rights.
2) Senstivity towards women : Individuals in the society in organizational secto
r and police should handle women in a more senstitive mannern rather than humili
tating them. They should corporate with them if ever such abuse cases are report
ed.
3) Raising voice on first instance of exploitation or voilence and not blindly t
rusting anyone.