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SAE TECHNICAL
PAPER SERIES
Philippe Brocard
=For
- - -
4 0 0 C O M M O N W E A L T H D R I V E , W A R R E N D A L E , P A 1 5 0 9 6 - 0 0 0 1 U.S.A.
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ISSN 0148-7191
Copyright 1991 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.
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Philippe Brocard
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WATER
PASSAGE
I
JPURNAL BEARING
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OPERATING LIMITS
Table 1 describes the GTI 5 turbocharger
operating limits.
Table 1.
SPEED
(RPM)
LOW TEMP
GASOLINE
DIESEL
210,000
HIGH TEMP
GASOLINE
DIESEL
210,000
TURBINE
INLET TEMP
(MAXI MUM
INTERMITTENT "C)
VIBRATION
(MEASURED
ON CENTER
HSG. - G)
HlGH FLOW
.46A!R
7
o
.
32, @ 200 Hz
910
770
.I
/ /
LOW FLOW
.34 AIR
.50 TRIM
HlGH FLOh
,461.76
32, @ 200 Hz
1010
840
HlGH FLOW
,341.64
1.5
/
L LOW FLOW
PERFORMANCE
,341.50
2 PC BEARING
1.o
'--I PC
-BEARING
4
50
100
150
TURBO SPEED (KRPM)
I
200
2
3
4
5
6
7
CORRECTED AIR FLOW, KgIMIN
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Figure 9 shows turbine seal leakage characteristics of the GT15 compared to the T2 seal.
The data was obtained on a test rig which subjected the seal to an increasing negative pressure
while turbocharger speed was kept at 5000 rpm.
This method was used because it is difficult to get
repeatable results on engine tests. The GT15
seal will tolerate a higher negative pressure
without leakage.
-a-
s.
u
LT
3
1 PC SEMI-FLOATING BEARING
60
x+
LL
-5.0
0
V)
LT
3
20
30
I
40
I
I
I
I
I
80 90 100 110 120
TURBO SPEED (x100 RPM)
I
50
I
60
I
70
z%
-10.0
LEAK
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T2 AIR COOLED 7
./
.
,..
250
=--- - ----.------_
/
.J
2
3
4
TlME (MINUTES)
I
1
I
2
TlME (SEC)
THERMOCOUPLE
LOCATION
'
The long term durability of the GT15 turbocharger was demonstrated by running tests
similar to, but severer than those used to qualify
the successful T2 turbocharger. The tests included the following:
ENGINE DURABILITY - Diesel engine for
1000 hours with the air cooled low temperature
configuration.
ENGINE DURABILITY - Gasoline engine for
500 hours with the water cooled high temperature
configuration.
GAS STAND CYCLIC DURABILITY Speed ranged from 30,000 to 21 0,000 rpm.
Turbine inlet temperature ranges were:
250 to 1010C for high temperature unit.
250 to 91 0C for low temperature unit.
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GAS STAND HIGH SPEED DURABILITY Speed was constant at 210,000 rpm. Turbine inlet
temperatures were:
1010C for the high temperature unit.
910C for the low temperature unit.
MARGINAL LUBE DURABILITY
CONTAMINATED LUBE DURABILITY
VIBRATION TEST - 0-32G FOR 50 HRS
ACTUATOR CYCLE TEST - 100,000 CYCLES
AT 145C
CONCLUSION
A worldwide demand has emerged for compact, lightweight, high performance, low cost and
durable turbochargers to be applied to the smaller
engines needed to meet fuel economy and emission requirements. The GT15 has been designed
and developed to meet this demand.
After thorough evaluation, it has successfully
met the objectives and is now available for customer qualification.