INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

What is computer?
Computer is electronic machine/device which can process data
input and produce information output.
Or computer: is the machine that accepts data in a prescribed format
and process that information called computer program.
Data: Is fact about anything.
Information: Is a processed data into human readable form.
Computer program: Is a set of logical instruction that computer obey or
accept to accomplish a given task.

Computer
Computer
Computer
Computer

is
is
is
is

FUNCTION OF COMPUTER
used to process data
used to store data
used to produce information
used to simplify work

PARTS OF COMPUTER
Computer is divided into two parts
Hardware
Software
HARDWARE: Is the part of computer which can be touchable; e.g.
mouse, keyboard, scanner, printer, screen/monitor, projector, system
unit, Speaker. Etc.
OR
Is a Physical substance that can be seen and touched?

PARTS OF HARDWARE
Hardware is divided into two parts
Input devices
Output devices
INPUT DEVICES: Is the part of computer /are all devices which are used
to input data in the computer; e.g. mouse, keyboard, scanner. Etc
KEYBOARD: Is the primary input device which is used to input data in
the computer.
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MOUSE: Is the input device which is used to select data in the computer.
OR It is used to control the movement of the pointer.
SCANNER: Is a device that optically scans images, printed text, and
handwriting.
OUTPUT DEVICES: Are all devices which are used to output data from
computer; e.g. printer, speaker, projector, screen. Etc
PROJECTOR: - Is an optical device for projecting a beam of light.
- Is an optical Instrument that projects an enlarged
image onto a screen?
SOFTWARE: Is the part of computer which cant be touchable but can be
seen.
OR
Is a set of logical instruction that computer use to control hardwires
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
System software
Application software
SYSTEM SOFTWARE: Is the type of software which controls hardware
and other application programs.
Examples of windows bare windows 98, windows xp, and windows vista.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE: Is the type of software which is used in the
computer to enter data. These are called programs.
Examples of programs are Microsoft word, Microsoft excels, Microsoft
publisher, Microsoft access. Etc

TYPES OF MEMORY

Secondary memory

Primary memory
SECONDARY MEMORY: May not be directly accessible by the processor
and is usually used for more permanently storage of data. This requires
secondary storage to be non volatile memory.
PRIMARY MEMORY: Is the storage device that is directly connected to
the CPU and store data temporarily during execution processing.
The most computer example of this kind of memory is the RAM. (Random
Access Memory) Volatile memories are usually used as primary storage.

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Storage devices: Are all devices which are used to store data either
temporary or permanently.
TYPES OF STORAGE DEVICES

Flash disk

Floppy diskette

CD

HOW TO SWITCH ON COMPUTER

Make sure all cables are well connected
Switch ON the power source
Switch ON UPS/Stabilizer
Switch ON Screen/monitor
Switch ON system unit
Wait while the window booting

HOW TO SWITCH OFF COMPUTER

Click start button
Click turn off computer / shut down
When the dialog box appears, choose shut down / turn off
Wait while the window shutting down.

HOW TO CHANGE THE DESKTOP BACKGROUND

Right click on the desktop
Click properties
Click desktop
Under the word background, choose the type of the background
Then click ok.

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HOW TO SET SCREEN SAVER

Right click on the desktop
Click properties
Click screen saver
Under the word screen saver, choose the type of screen saver you
want.
Click apply
Click ok
HOW TO SET SCREEN SAVER BY TYPING THE WORD
Right click on the desktop
Click properties
Click screen saver
Under the word screen saver, choose 3D text.
Click setting
In the custom text type the word you want to be appeared as a
screen saver
Click ok
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Click apply

Click ok.

MICROSOFT PAINT
What is Ms Paint?
Ms Paint is an expensive painting program that can be used to teach
students the basics of painting software.

HOW TO LOAD MS PAINT

Click start button
Select all programs
Select accessories
Click Microsoft paint
TO SAVE A FILE
First of all should know location were your files are required to be saved
- On the desktop
- My document
- Drive c: / Local disk C:
- To the external storage device, Such as Flash or
Diskette E.t.c

Hints on how to save

Click file menu

Choose save As from the menu

When the dialog box appears, choose the location on the look in or
save in box

Type the file name

Then click save
TO OPEN A FILE

Click file menu

Choose open from the menu

When the dialog box appears, choose the file name that you have
saved

Then click open

MICROSOFT WORD-2003
Microsoft (Office) Word is a word processor designed by Microsoft. You can run
your word program at the same time as so other program running.
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TO LOAD/RUN MICROSOFT WORD

Click start button
Select all programs
Select Microsoft office
Click Microsoft word

In ms-Word windows there are some common tool bars that appear on
the screen.
These are:- Menu bar, Drawing tool bar, Standard tool bar and
Formatting tool bar.
Look for the diagram below:

How to hide and retrieve some hidden toolbar

Hints
From the menu bar- view-toolbar-then click tool bar that you want you
will see the mark on the selected toolbar once after clicking it. While
there is a mark once after pressing it, will be removed
See the example below

MOVING A SENTENCE OR PARAGRAPH (CUT AND PASTE)

Highlight the sentence/paragraph which you want to move

Click edit menu
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Choose cut
Click where you want to be/paste your sentence.
Click edit menu
Then choose paste

COPYING BY USING THE MENU (COPY AND PASTE)

How

Highlight the paragraph you want to copy

Click edit menu
Choose copy
Click where you want to put the paragraph which you have copped
Click edit menu
Choose paste.
to replace by using the menu
Click edit menu
Click replace from the menu
When the dialog box appears,
On the word find what type the word which you want to move
On the word replace with type the word which you want to replace
Click replace all
Click ok
Then close the dialog box

How to edit the text by using font color

Hints

Select the editing text or highlight

From the menu bar- format
Click font
Within the displayed dialogue box select font color that you want
Press ok after selecting.

How to edit the text by using Font size

Highlight the text which you want to change the font size.

Click format menu

Choose font from the menu

Type the size of the font in the size field. Eg, 12, 14, 16 etc

Then click ok.
Within font dialogue box you can select obviously: - Font, Super script &
sub script, underline style, underline color, all caps and size of your text.
Example of sub script

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X2

Example of Super script

r2

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NB: Remember to select the text that you want it to take effects
The same procedure as above for the rest of commands

Bullets and Numbering.

You can insert bullets and numbering after or before inserting your text.
Hints

From the menu bar

Click Format

Select bullets and numbering within the field

bullets and numbering dialogue box will be displayed

Select type of bulleted style that you want

Press ok to view

Obviously you can select numbering within the field.
Border and shading
Hints
Within this field there is Border, Page border & shading
Move to format menu bar
Border and shading
Within the displayed dialogue box
Select border for the specific text or Page border for the whole
document.

Press ok to view

While on the Shading field select the text that you want to be in
shading format then select shading color that you want within the
border & shading dialogue box then press ok.

Columns
You can insert columns once or before inserting your text

Hints








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From the format menu

Column
Within the column dialogue box select column preset
Select number of column that you want
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Press ok to confirm.
Tabs
Procedure

Select the tab distance from the horizontal ruler

You can double click the left tab or from the menu bar

Format

Tab

Within Tabs dialogue box select type of Leaders that you want

Then press ok

Once after pressing ok press again tab key from the keyboard to
confirm for your tab distance.
Header and footer

Click view menu

Choose header and footer from the menu.

Type the heading and footer.
DROP CAP

Select the first character

From the format menu bar
Drop cap
Select the line to drop
Press ok to view the changes.

CHANGE CASE
This is the process of changing the text either Capital letter, Small
letter or toggles.

Select the character you want to be changed

From the format menu bar
Change case
Within the displayed dialogue box

TABLES
A table is an arrangement of columns and rows organized a cell.
To create a table
1. Steps
Click table menu
Select insert from the menu
Choose table
The dialog box appears; insert the number of columns and the
number of rows.
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Then click ok

2.

Steps
Click insert menu
Click draw table
Then start to draw the table by using the pencil.

Formatting the table

To shade the table
Highlight the table
Click format
Click borders and shading
Click shading
Choose color
Click ok
To change table lines/ borders style
Highlight the table
Click format menu
Click borders and shading
Click borders
Choose the type of line.
Then click ok.
Inserting the picture
Click where you want to put/insert a picture
Click insert menu
Select picture from the menu
Choose clip Art
When the dialog box appears, type the picture you need, e.g.
people, flower etc
Then click go
Click the picture you want. Or right click the picture then click
insert.

Formatting a picture
Right click the picture
Choose format picture
Click layout
Choose the wrapping style, e.g. behind text, in front of text etc.
Choose the horizontally alignment, e.g. left, right, center.
Then click ok.
To create page columns
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Click where you want to start the column(eg in the second

paragraph)
Click format
Choose columns
When the dialog box appears, set the number of columns
In the space of apply to, choose all document if you want to create
columns in the all document, if not choose this point forward.
Click line between if you want to insert a line between the
columns.
Then click ok.

What is drop cap?

Drop cap is the first character of text (often paragraph) that is large and
dropped below the current base line.
To drop the cap
Highlight the letter you want to capital
Click format
Click drop cap
Choose the number of lines
Then click ok

MICROSOFT EXCEL 2003

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Microsoft excel is an integrated accounting software package that

provides an electronics spreadsheet.
How to start Microsoft excel
Click start button
Select all programs
Select Microsoft office
Choose Microsoft excel
Row: this is an area or space between two horizontally lines.
Columns: this is an area between two vertically lines.
A cell: is an intersection between a row and a column.
To add rows
Highlight the row
Click insert
Choose rows
Then the new rows will appear upward of the highlighted rows.
To add columns
Highlight the columns
Click insert
Choose columns
The new columns will appear right of the highlighted columns.
To delete rows/columns
Highlight the rows / columns which you want to delete.
Right click in the highlighted rows/columns
Then choose delete.
Moving around the work sheet
Moving cell to the right
Moving cell to the left
Moving cell to the down
Moving cell to the upward
Ms excel is created by using rows and columns.
To find total
Click where you want your answer to be.
Click insert menu
Click function from the menu
When the dialog box appears, choose sum
Click ok
Enter the formula, e.g. B3:G3 or C5:C12
Then click ok
To find average
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 Click to the place which you want to put your answer

Click insert menu
Click function from the menu
When the dialog box appears, choose average
Click ok
Enter the formula, e.g. B3:G3 or C5:C12
Then click ok
To multiply numbers
Click at the place you want to put your answer
Type the formula, e.g. =c4*g2
Then press enter.
To divide numbers
Click at the place you want to put your answer
Type the formula, e.g. =c4/g2
Then press enter.
To find the grade/remarks
Click to the place which you want to put your answer
Click insert menu
Click function from the menu
When the dialog box appears, choose If
Click ok
Enter the formula.
e.g. H2>=50,PASS, IF (H2<50,FAIL)) OR
H2>=80,A, IF (H2>=60,B, IF (H2>=40,CIF (H2>=20,D, IF (H2<20,F)))))
Then click ok
To create chart
Highlight your data
Click insert
Click chart from the menu
Choose the type of chart you want
Choose the chart sub type
Click next
Choose the chart series, if you want to be in rows or columns.
Click next
Type the chart title, label the line of x axis and Y axis
Click next
Choose if you want the chart to be to sheet1, sheet2 or sheet3
Then click finish.

MICROSOFT PUBLISHER 2003

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Microsoft Publisher is a program that allows you to create profession

quality brochures, postcards, calendars, award certificates, calling cards
e. t. c
To load Ms Publisher
Click start button
Select All Programs
Select Microsoft office
Click Microsoft publisher.
Click blank print publication
To set the margin
Click Arrange
Click layout guides
Choose margin guides
Set the number of margin on the left, right, top, bottom
Then click ok,
To create grid guides (columns and rows)
Click Arrange
Click layout guides
Choose grid guides
When the dialog box appears, set the number of columns and
number of rows.
Then click ok.
To create calling card
Set the margin
Create number of columns and rows
Use text box or word Art
Then insert a border
To create business card by using wizard
Open Ms publisher
Choose design sets
Choose the type of business card you want
Choose one or multiple according to your choice, and then choose
landscape or portrait.

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To create calendar
Open Ms publisher
Choose design sets
Choose the type of calendar you want
If you want your calendar to be in yearly/monthly, Choose yearly or
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2.

To create calendar
Reload the publication program
Click blank print publication
Set the margin
Create number of columns and rows
Use text box to enter months and insert table to enter the date

To create certificates by putting background words

Open Ms publisher
Click blank print publication
Set the margin
Retype the front texts, then press ctrl + M, type the background
words, then press ctrl + M

MICROSOFT ACCESS (Database) 2003

A database is a collection of information thats related to a particular
subject or purpose, such as tracting customer orders or maintaining a
music collection.
It allows you to change, look up and sort information.
RUNNING MICROSOFT ACCESS
Click start button
Select all programs
Select Microsoft office
Click on the create a new file
Then save.
Types of objects
1. Tables
2. Queries
3. Forms
4. Reports
5. Pages
6. Macros
7. Modules
But 1 4 are the object which we use to learn in our level.
You can create the table by using design view or by using table wizard.

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To create a tables by using design view

Click table
Click table by using design view
Click new
Choose design view
Click ok
Insert the heading in the field name.
Set the type of data in the data type.
Set the primary key
Save the table
Then close the table.
To create a table by using wizard
Click table object
Choose create a table by using wizard
Click new
Choose table wizard
Click ok
Choose the data which you want to use in the sample fields by
clicking the arrow >.
Click next
When you want the wizard to set a primary key, click yes, if you
dont like click no.
Click next
Point at the word enter data direct into the table
Click finish
Then enter your record.
To create the Query object
Click the query object
Click query by using design view
Click New
Choose design view
Click ok
Choose your file name in the dialog box
then close the dialog box
highlight data in the field list
drag it and put in the query page
To calculate the total
Click the query object
Click query by using design view
Click New
Choose design view
Click ok
Choose your file name in the dialog box
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then close the dialog box

highlight data in the field list
drag it and put in the query page
right click in the total column
choose build
double click the table object
choose your file name under the table object
go to the formula bar put the sign : then =
Double click the data which you want to use by pressing multiply
sing. E.g.
total:=math+geo+eng+hist
click ok
then run with the sign
!
which appears in red color
Save your query.

To calculate the average

Click the query object
Click query by using design view
Click New
Choose design view
Click ok
Choose your file name in the dialog box
then close the dialog box
highlight data in the field list
drag it and put in the query page
right click in the average column
choose build
double click the table object
choose your file name under the table object
go to the formula bar put the sign : then =
Double click the data which you want to use by pressing multiply
sing. E.g.
average:=math+geo+eng+hist/4
click ok
Then run with the sign
!
which appears in red color
Save your query.
If you want names starting with E
Click the query object
Click query by using design view
Click New
Choose design view
Click ok
Choose your file name in the dialog box
then close the dialog box
highlight data in the field list
drag it and put in the query page
In the criteria row, names column: type the later E*
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Then Run.

Names ending with E

Click the query object
Click query by using design view
Click New
Choose design view
Click ok
Choose your file name in the dialog box
then close the dialog box
highlight data in the field list
drag it and put in the query page
In the criteria row, names column: type the later *E
Then Run.
Those whose gets mathematics 30 65
Click the query object
Click query by using design view
Click New
Choose design view
Click ok
Choose your file name in the dialog box
then close the dialog box
highlight data in the field list
drag it and put in the query page
In the criteria row, mathematics column: type the formula,
Between 30 and 65
Then Run.
To sort first name in ascending order
Click the query object
Click query by using design view
Click New
Choose design view
Click ok
Choose your file name in the dialog box
then close the dialog box
highlight data in the field list
drag it and put in the query page
in the sort row, first name column: click and choose ascending
order.
Then run.
To create the form by using design view

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Click form object

Click new
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Choose design view

Choose your file which you want use.
Click ok
Highlight your data in the field list, then drag up to the page.
If you want to view your record in form view.
Click view from the menu
Then click form view.

To create the form by using form wizard

Click form object

Click new
Choose form wizard
Choose your file which you want use.
Click ok
Choose the data which you want to use in the sample fields by clicking
the arrow >>.
Click next
Choose the layout you want your form. E.g. column, tabular.
Click next
Choose the style, e.g. international, e. t. c
Click next
Then finish.

To create report by using design view

Click report object

Click new
Choose design view
Choose the file you want to use
Click ok
Highlight your record in the field list, and then drag up to the page.

MS POWER POINT 2003

Ms Power point is a presentation program.

INTERNET AND E MAIL

What is internet?
Is a giant network of computers communicating with each other.

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The internet was the result of some visionary thinking by people in the early
1960s who so great potential value in allowing computers to share
information.
WWW means World Wide Web. This is a universal address.
Who controls the internet?
Everyone looks after their own little internet.
Why people use the internet?
To find general information.
To meet people/communicate
To learn
To buy things
To sell product.
Computer virus
Computer virus _Is a program Designed by the people for infecting
program files or the system area of hard disks.
TYPES OF VIRUS
File Virus
Boot/system virus
File virus
Is the virus which detecting file programs. E.g. DOC, EXE etc.
Boot/system virus
These computer viruses attack the parts of your computer function (such
as start up and shut down)
How do I know if I have a computer virus?
Program take longer to load than normal
Computers hard drive constantly runs out of free space.
New files keeping noises come from the computer or keyboard.
Strange graphics are displayed on your monitor.
E Mail
E Mail stands for electronic mail.
To download
Open the website, e.g. Google.
Type the subject of the document which you want to download
Choose details/ the title which you want.
To read a message
Sign In your e mail
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 Click Inbox
Click the message which you want to read
How to send message
Sign In your e mail
Click New / compose
Type the e mail addresses of the people whose you want to send
the message.
Type the subject
Type the message
And then click send
When the message send add the e mail to contacts.
Attach files.
Sign In your e mail
Click New / compose
Click attach
Choose the file which you want to attach
Click open
Type the e mail addresses of the people whose you want to send
the message.
Then click send.
To read the attached message
Sign In your e mail
Click Inbox
open the message which you want to read
click the file name which is attached in the message
click download attachment
click open
To create signature
Sign In your e mail
Click option
Choose more options
Choose signature
Click show signature to all outgoing messages.
Type your signature
Click save changes.
Then click back to mail.
To create folders
On the right of the word folder, click add
Then type the folder name.

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