Reg. No.

:
B.E. - MODEL EXAMINATION I, OCTOBER 2013
Semester
: FIFTH
Department: Mech
Subject Code & Title : ME 2301 THERMAL ENGINEERING
Date: 10.10.2013
Time
: 3 hours
Maximum: 100 marks
Answer ALL questions
Part A (10 x 2 = 20 marks)
1. What is meant by air standard cycle? What are the assumptions made for air standard cycle
analysis?
2. Plot the diesel and dual cycle on P-V and T-S diagram and name all the process?
3. Define the following terms. (i) Compression ratio (ii) Cut off ratio, (iii) Expansion ratio
4. Differentiate between brake power and indicated power of the I.C engines.
5. What is the function of camshaft and crankshaft?
6. Classify the various types of air compressors.
7. Compare the thermal efficiency of petrol engines with diesel engines. Give reasons.
8. Define nozzle efficiency and critical pressure ratio.
9. What are the different methods of governing steam turbines?
10. (i)What is supersaturated flow? (ii)Define degree of reaction.
Part B (5 x 16 = 80 marks)
11. (a) (i) Define mean effective pressure? Give its expression and state its significance. (4)
(ii) Derive an expression for mean effective pressure of a Diesel cycle in terms of Pressure
ratio, cutoff ratio and compression ratio.

(12)
Or

(b) (i) In an engine working on constant volume cycle, the pressure, temperature and

volume at the beginning of the cycle are 1.2 bar, 35 0C and 0.5m3respectively. At the end of
compression stroke, the pressure is 12 bar. 315 kJ of heat is added per kg of gas during
constant volume heating process. Calculate the pressure, temperature and volume at all
points. Also find the air standard efficiency of the cycle.

(10)

(ii) Derive an expression for air standard efficiency of a Brayton cycle in terms of
pressure ratio and compression ratio.

(6)

12. (a) A dual combustion air standard cycle has a compression ratio of 10. The constant

pressure part of combustion takes place at 40 bar. The highest and the lowest temperatures of
the cycle are 1727 C and 27 C respectively. The pressure at the beginning of compression is
1 bar. Calculate (i) the pressures and temperatures at key points of the cycle,(ii)the heat
supplied at constant volume, (iii) the heat supplied at constant pressure, (iv) the heat rejected,
(v) the work output, (vi) the efficiency and (vii) MEP.

(16)

Or
(b) (i) Explain why cooling is necessary in I.C. engine. With neat sketches describe the

Working of water cooling system used for multi-cylinder engine. Why should a pump and
thermostat be provided in the cooling system of an engine?
(ii) With neat sketch explain any one type of ignition system.

(10)
(6)

13. (a) (i) During a test on single cylinder four-stroke cycle oil engine, the following data

were obtained. Stroke volume=0.0277m3,

mean effective pressure=5bar, Engine

speed=4000rpm, Brake torque=67.6N.m, Fuel used per hour=37.3kg, Calorific value of

fuel=43000kj/kg, Calculate the indicated power, brake power, indicated thermal efficiency,
brake thermal efficiency, friction power and thermal efficiency.

(10)

(ii) Describe a simple carburetor with a neat sketch and also state its limitations. (6)
Or
(b) The following observation were taken during a test on a single cylinder four stroke

cycle engine having a bore 300mm and stroke of 450mm.Ambient air temperature=22 0 c ,
Fuel consumption=11kg/hr,CV of fuel=42000kj/kg,Engine speed=300rpm,Mean effective
pressure=6bar, Net brake load=1.0KN, Brake drum diameter=2m,Quantity of jacket cooling
water=590kg/hr,Temperature of entering cooling water=220c , Temperature of leaving cooling
water =700 c ,Quantity of air as measured =225kg/hr,Specific heat of exhaust
gas=1.005kj/kgk,Exhaust gas temperature=4050c, Determine indicated power, brake power,
mechanical efficiency, and draw up a heat balance sheet on hour basis

(16)

14. (a) (i) Derive an expression for maximum mass flow rate through convergent divergent nozzle for
steam

(12)
(ii) Dry saturated steam enters a steam nozzle at a pressure of 10bar and is discharged to a

pressure of 1.5bar.if the dryness fraction of the discharged steam is 0.95 what will be final velocity of
steam? Neglect initial velocity of steam.

(4)
Or

(b) Steam at a pressure of 15 bar with 50 C of superheat is allowed to expand through a

convergent-divergent nozzle. The exit pressure is 1 bar. If the nozzle is required to supply 2 kg/sec. of
steam to the turbine, then calculate
(i) The velocities at throat and exit.
(ii) Areas at throat and exit Assume 10% frictional loss in divergent part only and percentage taken as
% of, total heat drop.

(16)
0

15.(a) Steam enters the blade of an impulse turbine with a velocity of 600m/s at an angle of 25 to the
plane of rotation of the blades. The mean blade speed is 250m/s.The blade angle at the exit side is30 0
.the blade friction loss is 10%. Determine (I) The blade angle at inlet (ii) The work done per kg of
steam (iii) The diagram efficiency (iv) The axial thrust per kg of steam per sec.

(16)

Or
(b) In a stage of impulse reaction turbine, steam enters with a speed of 250 m/sec, at an angle of
30 in the direction of blade motion. The mean speed of the blade is 150 m/sec. when the rotor is
running at 3000 rpm. The blade height is 10 cm. The specific volume of steam at nozzle outlet and
blade outlet are 3.5 m3/kg and 4 m3/kg respectively. The turbine develops 250 kW. Assuming the
Efficiency of nozzle and blades combinedly considered is 90% and carryover coefficient is 0.8; find
(i) The enthalpy drop in each stage
(ii) Degree of reaction
(iii) Stage efficiency.

(16)
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