Drug

Mechanism of action

Indication

Exhibits antipyretic, antiinflammatory and analgesic

effects. The antipyretic
effect is due to an action on
the hypothalamus, resulting
in heat loss by vasodilation
of peripheral blood vessels.
It also decreases platelet
aggregation.

Mild to
moderate pain
Inflammatory
conditions
MI prophylaxis

Hypersensitivity to

Clopidogrel

Inhibits platelet aggregation

by blocking ADP receptors
on platelets, preventing
clumping of platelets

Treatment of
patients at risk
for ischemic
events, history
if MI

Contraindicated with
allergy to clopidogrel,
active pathological
bleeding such as peptic
ulcer or intracranial
hemorrhage

Isosorbide
mononitrate

Relaxes vascular smooth

muscle with a resultant
decrease in venous return
and decrease in arterial BP,
which reduces left
ventricular workload and
decreases myocardial
oxygen consumption.

Treatment and
prevention of
angina
pectoris

Contraindicated with

Aspirin

Contraindication

salicylates, severe
anemia, history of blood
coagulation defects,
vitamin K deficiency, 1
week before and after
surgery, pregnancy in the
last trimester

allergy to nitrates, severe

anemia, head trauma,
cerebral hemorrhage,
hypertrophic
cardiomyopathy, narrowangle glaucoma,
postdural hypotension

Side effects

Prolonged
bleeding time,
Bronchospasm,
Epigastric
discomfort

Headache,
dizziness,
weakness, rash
pruritus,
nausea,
constipation,
diarrhea,
increased
bleeding risk
Headache,
dizziness,
tachychardia,
restlessness,
weakness,
faintness,
nausea and
vomiting,
urinary
incontinence

Nursing consideration

Give drug with food or

after meals to prevent
GI upset.
Give drug with full glass
of water to reduce risk
of tablet or capsule
lodging in the
esophagus.

Assess for symptoms of

MI during treatment
Monitor liver function
studirs
Monitor blood studies

Assess for orthostatic

hypotension, blood
pressure monitoring
for baseline during
treatment

Fluimucil

Splits links in the mucoproteins contained in

respiratory mucus
secretions, decreasing
viscosity of the mucus

Increases intracellular
calcium and allows calcium
to enter the myocardial cell
during depolarization via
sodium-potassium pump
mechanism; this force of
contraction , increases renal
perfusion (seen as diuretic
effect in patients with heart
failure), decreases heart
rate (negative chronotropic
effect), and decreases AV
node conduction velocity.

Is a mucolytic
remedy, it
decrease
viscosity as
non-purulent
and purulent
mucus and
other
secretions.

known hypersensitivity

Heart failure,
Atrial
fibrillation

Ventricular tachycardia,

Hypersensitivity Monitor effectiveness

reactions have
of therapy and advent
been reported
of adverse/allergic
in patients
effects. Instruct patient
receiving
inappropriate use and
acetylcysteine,
adverse effects to
including
report.
bronchospasm,
angioedema,
rashes and
pruritus. Others
include nausea
and vomiting,
fever, syncope,
sweating,
arthralgia,
blurred vision,
disturbances of
liver function.

Arrhythmias,
Headache,
Weakness

to acetylcysteine or any
other drug compounds of
the Fluimucil. Due to the
content of aspartame,
patients with
phenylketonuria should
not take this drug. Do not
give medication to
people with established
congenital
hypersensitivity to
fructose (sorbitol
metabolite). If you suffer
from active gastric or
duodenal ulcers, or
Status astmatikus.

Lanoxin

Ventricular fibrillation,
Acute MI, Renal
insufficiency

Avoid giving with

meals; taking this drug
with food will delay
absorption and alter
drug
pharmacokinetics.

Cefixime

Cefixime is a semi-synthetic Cefixime is

Cefixime is
(partially man-made), oral
effective for
contraindicated in
antibiotic in the
infections of
patients with
cephalosporin family of
the middle
known allergy to
antibiotics. cefixime stops
ear (otitis
cefixime or other
bacteria from multiplying
media), tonsill
cephalosporins.
by preventing bacteria
itis, throat
from forming the walls that
infections
surround them. The walls
(pharyngitis), l
are necessary to protect
aryngitis, bron
bacteria from their
chitis,
environment and to keep
and pneumoni
the contents of the
a caused by
bacterial cell together;
susceptible
most bacteria cannot
bacteria.
survive without a cell wall.

Trimetazidine

Specific and selective

Angina pectoris
inhibitor of an enzyme of
the fatty acid -oxidation:
3-ketoacyl CoA thiolase (3KAT). This inhibition of oxidation allows a
recoupling of glycolysis and
an increase in glucose
oxidation

Hypersensitivity to
Trimetazidine HCl or any
of the constituents of
Vastarel MR.

Shock,

granulocytopen
ia or
eosinophilia,
anaphylactoid
symptoms,
Stevens
Jonhson
syndrome,
hematologic
disorder, acute
renal failure,
psuedomembra
nous colitis,
interstitial
pneumonia or
Pulmonary
Interstitial
Emphysema
(PIE) syndrome,
GI disturbances,
Vitamin B
deficiency.
Gastrointestinal
disturbances,
nausea and
vomiting

Assess for allergic

reaction and
anaphylaxis: rash,
urticaria, pruritus,
chills, fever or joint
pain.
Assess renal function
before and during
therapy: urine
output, BUN and
creatinine. Monitor
for nephrotoxicity

Use cautiously in
patients with heart
failure or
hypertension and in
elderly patients.

Metroprolol

Inhibits stimulation of
beta1 receptor sites in
decreased cardiac
excitability, cardiac
output and myocardial
oxygen demand. These
effects help relieve
angina and reduce blood
pressure

Anti angina
Lowers
Blood
pressure

Acute heart failure,

bradycardia,
hypersensitivity

very slow
heartbeats;
a lightheaded
feeling, like
you might
pass out;
shortness of
breath (even
with mild
exertion),
swelling,
rapid weight
gain; or
cold feeling in
your hands
and feet.
diarrhea; or
mild itching
or rash.

Do not give
medication if
pulse rate is less
than 60 bpm
Do not
discontinue
abruptly, it can
cause MU or
severe
hypertension
Check blood
pressure an hour
or two before
administering the
drug