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INTRODUCTION
A. BACKGROUND
Imagine a loop in the plane of the paper. You push the north pole into the loop (into the
page), thus increasing the flux into the page. The induced magnetic field will oppose
that increase and thus point out of the page. What direction of induced current would
create a magnetic field pointing out of the page? If you do the same thing with the
south pole of the magnet, the opposite will occur--since now you are increasing the flux
out of the page. Mengapa itu bias terjadi ? Which way must the induced magnetic field point
in order to oppose that change in flux per Lenz's law?
From this simple example being, we done this experiment to membuktikan lebih lanjut
lagi mengenai hubungan antara perubahan fluks magnet dengan arah arus dan ggl
induksi. So from this experiments , we will know the used of lenz law and understand the
concept of stored magnetic energy in an inductor.
B. SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENT
There are two parts of this experiment. First we only use galvanometer, magnet and
coil, then we creating position of bar magnet parallel to coil hold one of magnetic polar
into the coil. And second, we string up the circuit by using galvanometer, battery (as
source of electrical current) and double of coil. Then Creating position of bar magnet
parallel to coil using iron as conductor into the coil.
In this experiment we can found that the needle of galvanometer will deviate and the
direction of the induce current opposite from the magnetic flux.
C. PROBLEMS
According to above background can be taken by the following problem :
D. PURPOSE
The purpose of this experiment is :
untuk mengetahui hubungan antara perubahan fluks magnet dengan arah arus
dan ggl induksi
CHAPTER II
SUPPORTING THEORIES
Lenz law states that There is an induced current in a closed conducting loop if and only if the
magnetic flux through the loop is changing. The direction of the induced current is such that
the induced magnetic field always opposes the change in the flux.
If the field of the bar magnet is already in the loop and the magnet is removed, the induced
current is in the direction that tries to keep the field constant
magnitude and this would in turn creates more magnetic field, which cause more current and this
process continues on and on and thus leads to violation of the law of conservation of energy.
If the induced current creates a magnetic field which is equal and opposite to the direction of
magnetic field that creates it, then only it can resist the change in the magnetic field in the area
which is in accordance to the Newton's third law of motion
When the north pole of the magnet is approaching towards the coil, the magnetic flux linking the
coil increases. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, when there is change in
flux, an emf and hence current is induced in the coil and this current will creates its own
magnetic field . Now according to Lenz law, this magnetic field created will oppose its own
cause or we can say opposes the increase in flux through the coil and this is possible only if
approaching coil side attains north polarity, as we know similar poles repel each other. Once we
know the magnetic polarity of the coil side, we can easily determine the direction of the induced
current by applying right hand rule. In this case the current flows in anticlockwise direction.
CASE-II When a magnet is moving away from the coil
When the north pole of the magnet is moving away from the coil, the magnetic flux linking the
coil decreases. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, an emf and hence
current is induced in the coil and this current will creates its own magnetic field . Now according
to Lenz's law, this magnetic field created will oppose its own cause or we can say opposes the
decrease in flux through the coil and this is possible only if approaching coil side attains south
polarity, as we know dissimilar poles attract each other. Once we know the magnetic polarity of
the coil side, we can easily determine the direction of the induced current by applying right hand
rule. In this case the current flows in clockwise direction.
NOTE : For finding the directions of magnetic field or electric current use Right hand thumb rule
i.e if the fingers of the right hand are placed around the wire so that the thumb points in the
direction of current flow, then the curling of fingers will show the direction of the magnetic field
produced by the wire.
If magnetic flux linking a coil is decreasing, the flux produced by the current in the coil is
such that it aid the main flux and hence the direction of current is as shown below
CHAPTER III
EXPERIMENT METHOD