I.

Service model
1) Requirement Analysis (Input)
Subscribers
Subscribers

Area(km2)

DU

548118

40.80

MU

531997

156.33

SU

451391

255.75

RU

80606

183.40

2) Single user traffic model (single connection)

CS12.2(erl)

CS64K(erl)

PS64K(kbps)

PS128K(kbps)

PS384K(kbps)

DU

0.03

0.003

0.224

0.4496

0.3124

MU

0.02

0.002

0.1752

0.3896

0.2412

SU

0.018

0.0018

0.1076

0.2428

0.1508

RU

0.016

0.0016

0.0436

0.0972

0.0604

3) UL/DL Throughput Ratio

UL

DL

PS64

PS128

PS384

10

4) Service Penetration rate

CS12.2

CS64K

PS64K

PS128K

PS384K

DU

0.5

0.2

0.175

0.125

MU

0.35

0.2

0.15

0.075

SU

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.025

RU

0.15

0.05

0.05

0.01

5) Calculate the subscriber number of each service

(Subscriber number per service) = (Subscriber number)*(Service penetration ratio)
CS12.2
CS12.2

CS64K

PS64K

PS128K

PS384K

DU

548118

274059

109623.6

95920.65

68514.75

MU

531997

186198.95

106399.4

79799.55

39899.775

SU

451391

90278.2

45139.1

45139.1

11284.775

RU

80606

12090.9

4030.3

4030.3

806.06

6) Calculate the total traffic of each service

(Total Traffic per service) = (Subscriber number per service)*(Single user traffic)
1

CS12.2(erl)

CS64K(erl)

PS64K(kbps)

PS128K(kbps)

PS384K(kbps)

DU

16443.54

822.177

24555.6864

43125.92424

21404.0079

MU

10639.94

372.3979

18641.17488

31089.90468

9623.82573

SU

8125.038

162.50076

4856.96716

10959.77348

1701.74407

RU

1289.696

19.34544

175.72108

391.74516

48.686024

7) Calculate the total UL traffic of each service

Throughput

Erl

CS12.2(erl)

CS64K(erl)

PS64K(kbps)

PS128K(kbps)

PS384K(kbps)

PS64K

PS128K

PS384K

DU

16443.54

822.177

12277.8432

5390.74053

1945.8189

191.84

84.23

30.40

MU

10639.94

372.3979

9320.58744

3886.238085

874.8932482

145.63

60.72

13.67

SU

8125.038

162.50076

2428.48358

1369.971685

154.7040064

37.94

21.41

2.42

RU

1289.696

19.34544

87.86054

48.968145

4.426002182

1.37

0.77

0.07

8) Calculate the total DL traffic of each service

Throughput

Erl

CS12.2(erl)

CS64K(erl)

PS64K(kbps)

PS128K(kbps)

PS384K(kbps

PS64K(erl)

PS128K(erl)

PS384K(erl)

DU

16443.54

822.177

12277.8432

37735.18371

19458.189

191.8413

294.80

50.67

MU

10639.94

372.3979

9320.58744

27203.6666

8748.932482

145.6341788

212.528645

22.78368

SU

8125.038

162.50076

2428.48358

9589.801795

1547.040064

37.94505594

74.9203265

4.02875

RU

1289.696

19.34544

87.86054

342.777015

44.26002182

1.372820938

2.67794543

0.11526

9) Case Analysis 1 Dense Urban Video Uplink Link Budget

Tx

Labe

Description

Value

Unit

l
A

UE Max.Tx Power

21

dBm

UE Antenna Gain

dBi

Body Loss

dB

EIRP(Effective

21

dBm

=A+B-C

dBm/Hz

e = KT

Isotropically

Formula

Radiated Power)

Rx

Thermal Noise Density

-174

-23

K= 1.38 10 , Boltsman Constant

T= 290K, temperature with unit K
E = 10lg(e1000)
F

Thermal Noise

Noise Figure

Interference Margin

-108

dBm

= E + 10lg(3840000)

2.2

dB

BS Performance parameter provided by vendor

6.9315

dB

= -10lg(1-)
: uplink cell load

Other

Service Rate

64

Process Gain

40.943

dB

= 10 lg(3840/I)

Eb/No

2.87

dB

BS Performance parameter provided by vendor

Receiver Sensitivity

dBm

=F+G+HJ+K

NodeB Antenna Gain

18

dBi

Cable Loss

dB

Fast Fading Margin

dB

margin
and

-136.9415

kbps

(Power Control Margin)

P

Soft Handover Gain

dB

Log-Normal Fading Margin

dB

23

dB

gain
(Shadow Fading Margin)
R

Building Penetration Loss

Related to environment and area type,

constructed buildings

Max. Allowable Path Loss

142.94

dB

Max. Allowable Path Loss

=DL+MNO+PQR

Cell Radius

Propagation Model
3

Case 2 Uplink Capacity estimation

Input assumed condition
1. service data rate
2. activity factor
3. Eb/No requirement
4. Forecast traffic

Step 1: calculate equivalent

amplitude of each service

Step 4: calculate equivalent voice

channel number N

Step 2: calculate composite

service mean , variance v
and capacity factor c

Step 5: calculate virtual channel

number capacity

Step 3: calculate system traffic

A

Step 6: Lookup virtual traffic per

cell B according to Erlang-B
table

Step 7: cell number=A/B

The assumed conditions for uplink capacity Estimation

Voice

CS64K

PS64/64K

PS64/128K

PS64/384K

Data rate(kbps)

12.2

64

64

64

64

Activity factor

0.67

4.2

2.87

1.6

1.6

1.6

3000

400

100

Eb/No (dB)
Forecast traffic (Erlg)

Cell load factor =50%, outcell interference factor f=0.65

Step 1 calculate equivalent amplitude of each service

Amplitude for voice: 1
Relative amplitude calculation formula :

Re lative _ amplitude =

(bit rate *

Eb

(bit rate *

Eb

Service
Equivalent amplitude i

No
No

* activity factor ) for service

* activity factor ) for Voice

Voice

CS64K

PS64K

PS128K

PS384K

5.35

2.98

2.98

2.98

Step 2: Calculate composite service mean , variance v and capacity factor c

Composite service mean

= erli * ai = 3000 *1 + 400 * 5.35 + 100 * 2.98 + 5 * 2.98 + 2 * 2.98 = 5459.3

i

Composite service variance v

v = erli * ai = 3000 *1 + 400 * 5.35 + 100 * 2.98 + 5 * 2.98 + 2 * 2.98 = 15402

i

Capacity factor c

c=

= 2.82

Step 3: calculate system virtual traffic A

A=

5459.3
= 1935.9(erl )
2.82

Step 4: calculate equivalent voice channel number N

1+
N

= (1 + f )
j

1
N = .
W 1 1
1+ . .
R j Eb
NO

Cell load factor =50%

Outcell interference factor f = 0.65
Activity factor vj = 0.67
W=384000
R=12.2K
Eb/No = 104.2/10

W 1 1
. .
R j Eb
NO
1+ f

Consequently N = 54

Step 5: Calculate virtual channel number per cell, capacity

capacity =

(ci ai )
54 1
=
= 18.7943
c
2.82

Step 6: Lookup virtual traffic per cell B according to Erlang-B table

Look up the Erlang-B table, When GoS=2%, the virtual traffic per cell corresponding to 19 virtual
channels is B = 12.33erlang
Step 7: cell number =A/B
Cell number = 1935.9/12.3 = 158
S111 NodeB number = 158/3 = 53

Case 3 Downlink Capacity estimation

Number of nodesB (NB0) = UL
Capacity nodeB number

Input

Total area (seq.Km)

Chip rate

DL outcell interference

DL orthogonality factor

Power (W)

Noise power

Input assumed condition

service data rate

activity factor

DL Eb/No requirement

DL Forecast traffic

Step 1: calculate equivalent

amplitude of each service

Step 6: calculate node B area

Step 2: calculate the traffic per

cell for each service

Step 7: calculate the cell radius

R

Step 3: calculate composite

service mean , variance v
and capacity factor c

Step 8: calculate the path loss

according to the propagation
model formula

Step 4 : calculate composite

Erlang capacity and Lookup the
virtual composite capacity
(channel number) according to
Erlang-B table

Step 9: calculate the average path

loss

Step 10: calculate the supplied

capacity SC

Step 5 : calculate the required

capacity RC

Increment the number of nodesB

NBi+1 = NBi + 1

No

SC RC

Yes
Estimated NodesB
number NB
6

The assumed conditions for downlink capacity Estimation

Voice

CS64K

PS64/64K

PS64/128K

PS64/384K

Data rate(kbps)

12.2

64

64

128

384

Activity factor

0.58

7.2

7.1

6.4

5.7

6.4

3000

400

100

Eb/No (dB)
DL Forecast traffic (Erlg)

Suppose UL Node B number NB0 = 53

Step 1 calculate equivalent amplitude of each service
Amplitude for voice: 1
Relative amplitude calculation formula :

Re lative _ amplitude =

(bit rate *

Eb

(bit rate *

Eb

* activity factor ) for service

No
No

Service
Relative Equivalent amplitude i

* activity factor ) for Voice

Voice

CS64K

PS64/64K

PS64/128K

PS64/384K

8.92

8.04

14.32

48.24

Step 2: calculate the traffic per cell for each service

Service cell traffic =

DL forcast traffic for service ( Erlang ) 1

(UL estimated nodeB number ) NB0 3

Service

Voice

CS64K

PS64/64K

PS64/128K

PS64/384K

Cell traffic

18.87

2.52

0.63

0.03

0.01

Step 3: Calculate composite service mean , variance v and capacity factor c

Composite service mean

= cellTraffici .ai = 18.87*1+2.52*8.92+0.63*8.04+0.03*14.32+0.01*48.24 = 61.0823

i

Composite service variance v

v = cellTraffici * ai = 332.58
i

Capacity factor c

c=

= 5.45

Step 4: Calculate composite Erlang capacity

compositeErlang =

= 11.01

Lookup the Erlang-B table, when Gos=2%, the virtual channel number per cell corresponding to the
composite Erlang (11.01) is 18 channels

Step 5: Calculate the required capacity

required capacity RC = number of virtual channels * c + voice activity factor = 199
RC = 199

Step 6: calculate node B area

Total area (sq.Km)

40

Chip rate

3.84

Outcell interference factor

0.6

Orthogonal factor

0.6

Total cell power (W)

20

Service Channels Power Ratio(%)

80

Mobile noise figure (dB)

Thermal noise density (dBm/Hz)

-174

Receiver noise (dB)

-167

Mcps

Receiver noise power (dBm)

nodeB _ area =

total _ area
= 0.74Km
NB0

Step 7: calculate the cell radius R

We suppose the site configuration S111, directional station => Area : S=1.95R
We deduct R = 0.616Km

Step 8: calculate the path loss according to the propagation model formula
Propagation model : COST231-Hata

Path _ loss = 45.3 + 33.9 * log10 ( f MHz ) 13.82 * log10 ( H b ) + (44.9 6.55 log10 ( H b )) * log10 ( R) + Cm
f MHz : the carrier frequency (1950)
H b : Base station height (m) (area _ dependent )( Dence Urbain 30)
Cm : Hata Terain corection (dB)
Path loss (dB) =116.98

Step 9: calculate the average path loss

average _ path _ loss = path _ loss Fading _ m arg in cable _ loss + Antenna _ gain
Fading margin = 6dB, Antenna Gain = 18 dBi, cable loss = 3 dB
Average Path loss (dB) =125.98

Step 10: calculate the supplied capacity SC

Ps (1 + f SHo )
SC =
E R
E R
P.ai . b . j .(1 + i ) + ( N p . Av _ Loss.ai . b . j )
No W
No W

Ps
f SHo
P
ai

Eb
No
Rj

i
Np
Av _ Loss

Service Power (80% of total Power), Total power P =20W => Ps = 16W
Soft Handover Gain factor (generally 0.3)
Total cell Power (20W)
DL Voice activity factor (0.58)
4.2dB (DL AMR voice)

Data rate (12.2Kbps)

orthogonality factor (0.6)
outcell interference factor (0.6)
Total Noise
average path loss