LTE System Information System Information provides information to the UEs about

various parameters of both the Access Stratum and Non Access Stratum.These are
the parameters that are common for all the UEs in the same cell and are traditionally
broadcasted in all the wireless technologies. UEs use this information for mutliple
purposes, m ainly system access and other idle mode procedures like cell
selection,reselecti on etc. In LTE, main system information consists of the following:
1.Master Information Block (MIB) : MIB gives information about the most importan
t parameters like SFN,system bandwidth and HICH configuration. It is transmitted
every 40 ms and the scheduling information is standardised. 2. System Information
Block1: SIB1 is scheduled every 80 ms. SIB1 broadcasts cel l access related
parameters -cell identifier (plmn id,cell id), qrxlevmin,cell s pecific timers and the
scheduling information for all other SIBs. 3.System Information Block2: SIB2
provides information about common and shared channelsrach,prach,bcch,dlsch,ulsch etc. 4.System Information Block 3 to 8 provides
information required for cell resele ction. SI3 provides information on
intrafrequency cell reselection except neighbour cel l information.SIB4 provides info
on neighbour cell informations. SIB5 is for int erfrequency cell reselection,SIB6 is
for UTRAN,SIB7 for GERAN and SIB8 for CDMA related cell reselection. UE reads the
system information during the initial attach process and whenever it is camped to a
new cell, it reads the relevent sysinfos.If some System Infor mation value is changed,
the network pages the UE telling the UEs that system in formation is changed and
UEs will read the system info during the next modificat ion cycle.Modification cycle
is a cell specific parameter that is signalled in the sib2.Whenever the UE receives a
paging indicating sib modification, it will invalidate all the sysinfos and retrieve all
the sysinfos again. LTE INITIAL NETWORK CAMPING Initial Network Camping:
==================== What will happen when a mobile is switched on? The first
thing the mobile has to do is to find a suitable network and camp to it. For LTE
mobiles, camping happens through following steps: 1.Mobile scans the available
frequency band for finding a suitable cell.First t hing, mobile should know is the
presence of LTE cell. It is done using some pre defined sequence known as Primary
Synchronisation Signal (PSS). PSS is transmit ted at a specific time during specific
frequencies and at specific position (T o be mroe technical, PSS is transmitted at the
last OFDM symbol in first and 11t h slots for FDD LTE and third symbol of 3rd and
13th slots for TDD). PSS is a Za doff-Chu sequence, There are three such sequences
defined and the sequence trans mitted corresposnds to cells Physial cell ID group. 2.
Once the mobile has got the PSS, next level is SSS-Secondary Synchronisation Signal.
SSS is transmitted in the same slots as PSS. For FDD, it is transmitted one symbol
before PSS. For TDD it is transmitted 3 symbols before. 168 values fo r SSS are
defined each corresponding to a Physical Cell ID.Once the mobile deco des SSS, it
comes to know ===>Physical Cell ID (From the pattern transmitted) ===>Frame
boundaries (Different patterns for slot 0/slot11, hence can kno w the slot in which it
is transmitted,from the slot boundaries already known by PSS, Frame boundaries
can be detected) ===>FDD/TDD -Since the slots in which PSS/SSS is transmitted is
different , once we know the slot boundary, Duplex tech can be known

===> CP length (By blind decoding, if SSS is in symbol 5 or 6 is underst ood. If it is in

5, extended CP. If it is in 6 normal CP. If you want a very much deep understanding
on synchronisation sequences ,please refer the below link
http://www.steepestascent.com/content/mediaassets/html/LTE/Help/SynchSigna
ls.htm l 3.Decoding of PBCH : PBCH corresponds to MIB; It gives the most important
parame ters like SFN,Bandwidth and CFICH format. MIB is transmitted every 40
ms,fixed s cheduling 4.Decoding SIBs: SIBs contain all the required information for
initial access to the cell. It gives information about the cells capabilities, common
and shared channels,access restrictions etc. Once the SIBs are decoded, mobile can
access t he network using common channels like RACH. 5.Reference Signals: Once
the UE has identified the synchronisation signals-PSS and SSS, it will use the
reference signals for RSRP/RSRQ measurements and report ing. Further Reading 1.
3gpp spec 36.101 2.LTE, the UMTS Long term evolution:From theory to Practice
http://www.amazon.com/LTE-UMTS-Long-Term-Evolution/dp/0470697164 RRC
CONNECTION ESTABLISHMENT IN LTE 1. LTE rrc connection establishment is used
to make transition from rrc idle to rrc connected state 2. Always initiated by UE, (
though can be triggered by nw by DL paging).Trigge red by the NAS layers on
attach,TAU,detach,paging,service request,extended servi ce request. 3.UE sends RRC
connection request after the random access procedure in SRB0/CCCH /ULSCH/PUSCH. Message contents are ue identity (stmsi or a randomn identity) an d
the establishment cause (emergency,mo signalling, mo data, mt access, high pri ority
access).UE starts the timer T300. 4.Network sends RRC Connection Response back
to the UE in SRB0/CCCH/DL-SCH/PDSCH . Arrival is informed to the UE in
PDCCH..This message contains the configuratio n information for SRB1 a. RLC
configuration for UL & DL -Poll PDU,Poll Byte,Poll retransmission time r, Max
retransmission threshhold in UL, Re-ordering timer & status prohibit tim er for DL
b.Logical Channel Configuration : Priority,PBR,;CG c.Configuration Information for
Physical channels (PDSCH,PUCCH,PUSCH) d.Uplink Power Control(p0 & delta
values) e.CQI reporting ( resource to send, pmi/ri etc) f. Sounding Reference Signal
(bw,subframe,hbw) g.Scheduling Request (resource index, config index) h. Antenna
Configuration (no. of antenna ports, no. of antennas) 5. UE sends rrc connection
setup complete with transation idetnifier,selected pl mn id, registered mme (if
available) and nas information Failure Cases ============== 1.T300 expiry or cell
reselection before completion of the procedure 2.RRC connection Reject ,no cause
only a wait timer T302.Till the timer expires cant send another rrc connection
request Higher layers need to initiate new connection establishment procedure, No
N300 c

oncept What is the need for LTE technology /What are the major features of LTE?
Higher bandwidth ( 300 Mbps DownLink, 75 Mbps UL) What are the states RRCIDLE,RRC-CONNECTED? EMM-REGISTERED/DEREGISTERED? ECM-CON
NECTED/IDLE? In RRC Connected state, UE is known at cell level and there is a
context availab le in eNB. UE can directly reached by the network. It will always
check for sche duling assignment in the control channel. In ECM connected state,
there is a signalling connection between EPC and the UE. It happens after the UE is
in RRC Connected state and UE activated a PDN Connec tion.There is an S1
connection present. When UE goes to ECM IDLE,EPS bearer contexts are still
available(may be out of s ync). ie contexts are still maintained in P-GW. When rrc
connection is terminate d, UE moves to ECM IDLE as well. EMM Registered state:UE
goes to EMM registered when the UE attaches to the netwo rk. UE is known to MME
in registered state and is not known in emm deregistered state. Describe the LTE
protocol stack: L1-L1 is based on OFDMA in downlink and SC-FDMA in Uplink.
Layer1 is concerned with actual transmission of the broadband signal. MAC:- MAC
layer is mainly concerned with the transmission of pdus, scheduling an d dynamic
resource allocation. RLC:- RLC is responsible for ensuring the QOS, by flow control,
error detection and retransmissions. PDCP:Packet Data Convergence protocol is
responsible for header compression, sec urity (ciphering and integrity) and storing
and forwarding of the packets during handover. RRC:-RRC is used for
assigning/modifying/releasing the bearers,configuring and r eporting of
measurements, handovers,security,configuring the lower layers,direct transfer of
NAS messages,paging etc. NAS LAYERS: eMM: eMM is concerned with the mobility
procedures- ie attach, detach and tracki ng area update procedures. eSM:-eSM is
concerned with the EPS bearers and PDN connectivity. Main procedure s supported
are the activation of default and dedicated (EPS)bearers,bearer reso urce
modification,pdn connectivity/dsiconnect. What is the difference between PDN
Connection and EPS Bearer? A PDN Connection is the connection between a UE &
PDN GW. An EPS bearer is a PD N connection + a defined QOS (QCI)+Aggregate
Guaranteed and Maximum Bit rate (op tional) + TFT There can be multiple EPS
Bearers associated with a PDN connection. What is a TFT? Traffic Flow Template is
the set of all packet filter associated with an EPS bea rer.A packet filter may be
associated with a protocol or an ip address or port a ddress.