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Thermal Desalination
Antiscalant
Overview
Scaling
Type
Factors
Scale
PC-2040T
Features
Performance
Comparison with other technology
Advantages & Benefit
Factors:
Increasing of temperature
Evaporative concentration
Release of CO2 from the brine which induces further shift of
bicarbonate ion to the carbonate to the hydroxide ion through the
increase in pH
4HCO32- + Ca2+ + Mg2+ CaCO3 (s) + Mg(OH)2 (s)+ 3CO2 (g)+ H2O
3
~30C
1-deaerator
2-brine heater
3-heat recovery
4-heat rejection
5-vacuum
6-brine recirculation pump
Condensate
Seawater
Seawater
1
6
Distilled water
Brine discharge
Hard scale (CaSO4) and alkaline scale (CaCO3 and MgOH2) in brine
heater which has highest temperature
Calcium carbonate scale and sludge in flash chamber and demister
operational cost
Cost of cleaning
Decreased
distillate production
Decreased
system reliability
Source: Effect of Scaling on Design and Operation of Thermal Seawater Desalination Plant, Dr. Rainer Greggarath, SECRC COMO GmbH
Water temperature
Alkalinity
Time
80C
90C
120C
CaCO3
Mg(OH)2
CaCO3
CaSO4
Mg(OH)2
CaCO3
Composition of scale
CaCO3
Mg(OH)2
Nominal temperature
difference - 27 C
Concentration factor = 2
CaSO4
60
66
71
77
82
88
93
99
104
Concentration factor
5
4
3
2
1
TDS 35
50
100
150
Temperature (C)
200
evaporation of water
Source: Effect of Scaling on Design and Operation of Thermal Seawater Desalination Plant, Dr. Rainer Greggarath, SECRC COMO GmbH
Operating Temperature
Operating Pressure
Scaling/fouling potential
MSF
MED
90 120 0C
<80 0C
Sub-atmospheric
Sub-atmospheric
Low-Moderate
Moderate-High
Dispersion capabilities
Inhibition
of crystal growth
Crystal
modification
Crystal
growth inhibition
Scale
dispersion
Inhibit
adherence
Modes of defense
22
Polyphosphate
Phosphonate/
Polyacrylate
Polymaleic
Acid
Modified
Polymaleic
Acid
23
T
Tolerance
CaCO3
CaCO3
(Deposition)
(Growth)
Phosphonate
Medium
Good
Polyacrylate
Medium
PMA
Homopolymer
Disper
sancy
Mg(OH)2
CaSO4
Mediocre
Poor
Poor
Poor
Good
Poor
Good
Fair
Poor
High
Poor
Good
Mediocre
Fair
Good
PMA
Copolymer
High
Poor
Good
Good
Poor
Mediocre
PMA
Terpolymer
High
Poor
Poor
Good
Good
Poor
24
Good dispersancy
Easy to measure/detect
On line measurement & control capability
Cost-effective
Environmental friendly
25
Polyphosphate
Phosphonate
/ Polyacrylate
Polymaleic
Acid
Modified
Polymaleic
Acid
Novel
Antiscalant
26
27
NSF Approved
28
TRASAR technology
- Tracer material for easy detection & monitoring
29
PC-2040T: Performance
Laboratory
SWCC
Testing
Plant Trial
% inhibition
PC-2040
Competitor A
no effect
0
0.5 ppm
32
SWCC
33
#1
TBT : 110 0C
Dosage: 2 ppm
Phase
#2
TBT : 110 0C
Dosage: 1 ppm
Phase
#3
TBT : 119 0C
Dosage: 0.8 ppm
34
35
36
1
0,8
0,6
0,4
0,2
0
0
Turbidity (NTU)
10
37
Just
Technology
38
39
40
Pen Fluorometer
Hand Held
3DT Controller
(Future)
41
PC-2040T
Outperform
market
Capability
43
PC-2040T: Advantages
Effective
Easy
NSF
approved
44
PC-2040T: Benefits
Cleaner
Lower
steam consumption
Lower
cleaning frequency
Higher
plant efficiency
Higher
plant reliability
Comply
with SHE
Thank You !