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BIO
PAPER 1
BIOLOGY PAPER 1
8.30 am 10.00 am (1 hours)
This paper must be answered in English
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Hong Kong Examinations Authority
All Rights Reserved 2000
2000-CE-BIO 11
1. (a)
The diagram below outlines a clinical test used to examine whether a human
foetus has any abnormality in its chromosomes :
2000-CE-BIO 12
(i)
The cells of A and the cells of the foetus have the same genetic
composition. How would you explain this ?
(2 marks)
(ii)
(1)
(2)
State two differences between the blood entering the foetus and that
leaving the foetus.
(2 marks)
2000-CE-BIO 13
1. (b)
(i)
(2 marks)
(ii)
Regions 1 and 2 have the same area. Work out the ratio of the density
of chloroplasts in region 1 to that in region 2.
(2 marks)
(iii) With reference to your answer to (ii), what would be the significance
of this pattern of chloroplast distribution in the leaf ? Explain your
answer.
(4 marks)
(iv) It is suggested that cell type C is responsible for the transport of water
from the stem to the leaf. Design an investigation to test this idea
using a leafy shoot.
(4 marks)
2000-CE-BIO 14
1. (c)
The diagram below shows the structure of an air sac of the human lung. The
tidal air refers to the air that can be breathed in and out of the body in each
breath. The residual air refers to the air that cannot be exchanged with the
atmosphere during breathing.
(i)
(3 marks)
(ii)
(1)
(2)
2000-CE-BIO 15
2. (a)
In order to lose weight, an 18-year-old girl, Jane, had a diet as shown in the
table below :
Vitamin Vitamin
CarboCalcium Iron
Energy Protein Fat
D
C
hydrate
(mg) (mg)
(kJ)
(g)
(g)
(
g)
(mg)
(g)
900
44
80
2.3
Jam
300
20
0.4
Coffee
400
20
90
Ham
sandwich
1050
16
13
15
12
2.5
Coffee
400
20
90
Fish
540
20
300
2.7
8.0
Rice
3000
12
174
1.0
Lettuce
30
23
1.0
15
63
25
294
608
9.9
18
8.0
58
600
15
30
2.5
Dinner
Lunch
Breakfast
Bread
* Amount variable
(i)
If the average daily energy requirement for Jane is about 9200 kJ,
explain why this diet will be effective in helping her to lose weight.
(3 marks)
(ii)
Protein in the diet can be absorbed into the body as amino acids.
Explain how amino acids can provide energy for Janes daily activity.
(3 marks)
(iii) If Jane continues this diet for several months, what disease will she
probably develop as a result of mineral deficiency ?
(1 mark)
(iv) Describe a food test to show that fat is present in ham.
2000-CE-BIO 16
(3 marks)
2. (b)
An investigation was carried out to study the effect of light on the pupil of
the eye. A person sat in a room in which the light intensity could be varied.
The size of the pupil of the person was measured at different light
intensities. The graph below shows the results of the investigation :
(i)
Referring to the graph, describe the effect of light intensity on the size
of the pupil.
(2 marks)
(ii)
2000-CE-BIO 17
2. (c)
(i)
(ii)
2000-CE-BIO 18
(iii) The colour of the pea pod (fruit) is controlled by a pair of alleles. The
scientist first crossed a pea plant homozygous for green pods with
another pea plant homozygous for yellow pods to produce the first
filial generation (F1). She then allowed the F1 plants to self-pollinate
to produce the second filial generation (F2). The results of the crosses
are summarized in the table below :
(1)
What can you conclude from the result of the first cross ?
(1 mark)
(2)
2000-CE-BIO 19
3. (a)
The photomicrograph below shows some muscle cells of the human small
intestine and their associated blood vessels :
(i)
(ii)
(1)
(1 mark)
(2)
(iii) Draw a labelled diagram to show what you would see in the cross
section made along line BC.
(3 marks)
(iv) By means of a flowchart, show the route by which a red blood cell
from the small intestine reaches the lung. Indicate the major blood
vessels and organs involved.
(3 marks)
2000-CE-BIO 110
3. (b)
Experiment
Experimental
subject
Treatment
Result
Healthy dogs
Symptoms of
diabetes appeared
Diabetic dogs
Injecting extracts of
from experiment 1 pancreas
Symptoms of
diabetes
disappeared
Symptoms of
diabetes remained
Diabetic dogs
from experiment 1 (b) Injecting extracts
of pancreas which
Symptoms of
had been treated diabetes disappeared
with lipase
(i)
(ii)
(2 marks)
(iii) Based on the results of experiments 2 and 3 (a), explain whether the
diabetic dogs would show symptoms of the disease if they were
treated with the extracts of pancreas by feeding instead of by injection.
(3 marks)
(iv) Based on your biological knowledge, explain why the urine of a
diabetic person usually contains glucose.
(5 marks)
2000-CE-BIO 111
10
3. (c)
To study the effect of sucrose solution on plant cells, a student used the
lower epidermis of a Rhoeo discolor leaf, the cells of which contain a red
pigment. He mounted a piece of the lower epidermis in a sucrose solution.
He then observed the epidermis under the microscope immediately and after
10 minutes.
The photomicrographs below show the conditions of the same epidermal
cells under the low power of the microscope :
(i)
(ii)
Suggest a reason why cell B did not show the same change as cell A.
(1 mark)
(iii) The student wanted to examine cell A under the high power of the
microscope.
(1)
State one action that he might need to take before turning to the
high power objective.
(1 mark)
(2)
State two actions that he might need to take after turning to the
high power objective.
(2 marks)
2000-CE-BIO 112
11
4. (a)
In the production of beer, the raw material used is barley grains, which
contain a large amount of starch. When barley grains germinate, amylase is
produced. The grains are then crushed and mixed with warm water. After
several hours, yeast is added to the mixture for fermentation.
(i)
(ii)
After the crushed grains are mixed with warm water, why is it
necessary to wait for several hours before adding the yeast ? (1 mark)
Amylase activity
(arbitrary unit)
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Temperature (C)
(iii) What conclusions can be drawn from the graph about the effect of
temperature on amylase activity ?
(3 marks)
(iv) If you want to store the mixture of crushed grains and water with
minimal reaction so that it can be used several days later, what
temperature would you choose ? Why ?
(3 marks)
(v)
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12
4. (b)
To monitor the quality of seawater in Hong Kong, water samples were taken
for analysis from four different sites A, B, C and D as shown in the map
below :
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13
The quantities of suspended solids and bacteria in each water sample are as
follows :
(i)
(ii)
Site
Suspended solids
(mg L1)
Bacteria
(number per 100 mL)
8.3
105
6.0
1986
5.5
23 140
2.5
15
(1)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(iii) Certain regions of Hong Kong waters have been designated as marine
parks. What is the significance of this for conservation ?
(1 mark)
2000-CE-BIO 115
14
4. (c)
The table below shows the rates of water loss in different ways from a
persons body under two conditions :
Condition
Sweat
Urine
Exhaled air
At rest
58
15
208
21
27
(i)
Compare the rate of sweat production of the person under the two
conditions. Explain why there was such a difference.
(3 marks)
(ii)
Account for the decrease in the rate of urine production of the person
during heavy exercise.
(3 marks)
(iii) (1)
Explain how exhalation may lead to water loss from the body.
(2 marks)
(2)
Why did the rate of water loss through exhalation increase during
heavy exercise ?
(2 marks)
END OF PAPER
2000-CE-BIO 116
15