VII

e second term
is

Cx and Cr) of the two RFs K(u, u) and B(u,o) were chosen so that thc
randorn drifr D(u, u. w) accounted for a fixed part of the total variability of

ttii'Jh1;3;*,",,,s

drift.

tt E{R}=

5ll

STMULATION OF DEPOSITS

41, 42, ,\3 fix the rorm or rhe cuhic l@)=

A3wr+A2w2+,\1w, i.e., the general form of the drift.

0. The

irnd rcsidual, are

issurDcd that the

Simulation of rhe residuals The three-dimcqsional regionalization of the

RF residual R(u, u, w) is anisotropic with a more rapid variability in the
vertical dircction. The model chosen to represent this RF is the nested sum

d so a Caussian
r/+rproduceda

R(u, u, w)= Qo(u, u, w)+ Qr{u, u, w)+ Q2(4,

rrofile of gradcs

(\/lt

.'il

nugget eflect characterizing

less than the smallest
with
ranges
measurement errors and structures
dimensioo considered, which in this case is 0'5 m'
or is a stationary RF characterizing an isotropic structure with a small
range, in thiscase a sPherical model with a range dr =3 m'
Qr(", r) is a stationary RF characterizing a horizontal structure with a
larger range (a2 = 30 m) corresponding, for example' to lenses in a sedi*.Int".y deposit. The model can be rcfined by imposing a gcometric

tlepcndenl RF's

'c thrcc

positive

anisotropyon o:, c[. section III.B.4, Figs Ill.l0 and Ill.l l(b). to represent
a pseudo-elliptical form of these lenses.
The three RF's Oo' Qr' Qz arc independent. and their exprectations are
take n as zero, to e nsure rhat the expcctation of the grade is equal to that of
the RF drift:

:odulated by thc
(u, u)defines tire
](a) and (b). Thc
raximum, cf. Fig.

(F's K(u, u)

and

E{R}=o+EIZI=ElDl.

-iograms without
I sills Cx and Cs.
zontal plane *'ill
vhile pits furthcr

Thus, on any given verticat grade profile. the residuals are correlated
only if they are less than 3 m apart. On any given horizontal plane. the
residuats are correlated only if they are less than 30 m apart. The horizontal correlationof thegrades Z= D +R fordistancesfrom 30mto l00m is
due only to thc correlation of the drifts'

rd variances (sills
7

(*e)

Grode ('/.)

i
I

l
I

(ol

r.g=l;(b) (

Resulrs The vertical profiles of the mean grades of the (ll mx ll otx
0.5 m) slices of three blocks (full-line curves) and the grades of their
respectire central pits (broken-line curves) are shown on Fig. VIl.l4. The
firsi t*o blocks (u'=72, u = 6) and (u = 83, u = 6) are contiguous and have
=vpry similar mcan grade profiles, while the profiles of the gradgl of their
central pits arc notaUty dillerent. The third block (rr = 424, u = -50), which
is more than 300 m away from the first two, has a complctcly dillerent
mean gradc prolile.

Af rle selcction and mining

=1,

(VII'32)

oo is an isotropic three-dimensional

vcrishrncnt, irnd.
llsit, as show'n ttn
this drift

i.

u)'

i
I
I

i
{

t
-1.

stages, only the profiles

of, for instance, the

ccntral pits are known in practice. If the central pit profile is uscd unwarily

\1

ilt

lNlN(; (iF-()SI A[ls'T'lcs

inllucnce estimahlock grirdcs pr()tilc (polygonal

rn pl:rcc ()f rhc.nknown
will bc biirscd' cf '
'""tu"t
ri(ilt ). lllcn rhc re sulrrng csttmitlcsrr[
()'01'l' lppliccl
"toue"tblc
'llttrs
lr ctrt-tlll gra<lc :" =
lll( (:r\(' \lll(l\ t)f tcctrt'rn Vl z\'-1
oti ['tg Vll' l'l rvottltl rcsult ttt

l,, llrt rr rllr.rl Irl I)r(rltl('"1 lllc

totttl lrlotL

'e
gtirtlc tlI o 0'l(l')"'
r'l -'lll rrilll il lll(''lll lL'c()\ctetl
,t lr'rrrrt tttl lltttLtl(\\
tlf kriging
()
0J'7o'-lltc;rrnl
ll Ine itll qrciltcr than
w'lrcte as no hlou|' slrcu has
to tlrc profilc of thc

protilc as clt'sc lrs possiblc

rs ttt provitlc rtn esttmalccl
rrte ittt pltncl gr;rdcs.
Gr

(72 6)
O OOr

means

o(

cross-semi-

Non-condit

Only the n
prcsentcd

proSrams

oOc ( /ol

(81 5)
004 0 00,

mctho<J. Kr
values, and
{ion restore

t424

o03

ooa

50)

o04

ool

IIl.C.4) {or
problcm ol
simulating

with given
following t

I
I

(i) Thc

simr

ti(

I
I

I
I

a',

\l
I
I
I

rl
\2

As
var

!t
'.1
,:l

(ii)

Ac
an

v\
Itl

sP,

Frc. \'ll.ll.

qrades and central pit gradcs

Sirnulatcd prtrtrlcs of bltxk

Pr

oI

co
co

Vll.B.2. Programming simulations

Bastc steps irt a conditional sitnulotion

thc rrlr>cle I its'-lI lusr b1 cstablished

Ilefttrc bcginnrng any simulation'
II lhc-vilriablc Z is to bc slmulfltc(lis
through a structural clatit:rnrtlYsr\
irnalysis
= qzt (Z)' then thc struclural
through its Gaussian t"t^tt"t"'"
is tlrc
srmulatron
lirst step of thc actual
made on the variable U"lle
bands
simularion using rhc rurning
non-conditionrt. -nor-otty drstribured

be

(iii)

n
CC

bi

fc