LU MAGAZYN DLA UCZACYCH

EN
The Award-winning Series

"GAME OF
THRONES"
JAMES BOND
Cars, Guns,
Gadgets and Gizmos
Meet
TECH WOM EN!
ICE CLIMBING
an Extreme Sport for
Adrenaline Junkies

Poles in the UK

10 Years After the Opening

of the Labour Market

WAI3RDS

Stuff to talk about.

TJ1 VIE
Ann,

INGIELSKI

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This & That

Peview
6 Henryk Sienkiewicz the Famous Polish
Author's Family Life

Peope and LifesLye

(:8 Game of Thrones
12 Techwomen

16
18

Open Mic UK
The Skye Is the Limit

EuUure
21 Good Luck and Bad Luck

the British Way

UK Toda y!
2 LI UK Poles
Language
@30 Language Bloopers

Science
@33 Playing God, or a Devilishly Good Idea?
Leisure
@ 36 Bond Cars, Guns, Gadgets and Gizmos
-

Sport
LI 0 Ice Climbing - an Extreme Sport
for Adrenaline Junkies

ENGLISH

megozy,r die OcZ60ych it

jz1co angieiski$gO
dWcrlrrie9iQcZflik

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DoIoa do nas na: fwc.book.comlomnattsrs

by Katarzyna Szpotakowska

Reduplication - theone way to skin a cat

hsity toity (adj) hoitdthij pompous, self-important
artsy fartsy (adj.) used about a person who is trying to
show their knowledge about art; someone who is artistic in

a pretentious way
fancy schmancy (adj) fancy in a pretentious way; expen-

sive, fashionable, meant to impress others

hanky panky (n./uncountable) - sexual shenanigans
fuddy duddy (n.) - a fass.o person with old-fashioned
attitudes traditionalist with no imagination
argie bargie (n.) - a vigorous and noisy discussion or argu-

ment
higgiedy piggledy (adjJadv.) chaotic, disorderly', in a con-

fused manner
to dilly daily (v.) - to waste time or to dawdle
willy nilly (adv./adj.) - done in haphazard cgcpjgss ypcy
helter skelter (adj./adv.) - haphazardly, confusedly, done in
a hurry
namby pamby (adj.) - childish extremely sensitive and sentimental
pell mdl (adv.) - in a jumbled manner: in an uncontrolled
way
razzle dazzle (n./adj) - a lot of noisy and noticeable activity, 3&Qwjtless
jibber jabber (n.) - speaking nonsense; gibberish

there's (always) more than one way to skin a tat Ice[ motnu xsiqgrlyf
rOznymi sposobomi
haughty I wyvos
pretentious I pretetsjtnoley
fanny I ev15zukany,wymyilny
shenanigans I wybryki
Pussy I oybredy.grymatrty
attitudes I poglydy
disorderly I nieuporzydkxwarry
to dawdle I obija Sig
inahaphazard wag I nacbybiltrafil
careless I beztroski
childish I danxsny
In ajumblad manner I bezladnre,chaotycznie
noticeable I zauwazalny
showiness I popisywatie sig
gibberish I nonsensowny, bzdurny

Life is foil of coincidences. Below you'll hod a selection of

urban legends based on coincidences that English Matters
has collected for its readers,
Joseph Piglock was walking down the sweet in Detroit
in the 1930s when he was suddenly hit by a baby that fell
from a window. A year later the man was walking the
same way and the very same baby fell on his head again.
Each time neither of them was ityjiared.
At the end of the 195 century, Henry Ziegland broke up
syjyj,h his girlfriend. Out of despair, the girl committed
suicide. Consequently, Ziegland was hunted down by
her rstrggrd brother, who planned to kill Ziegland and
then himself. He found him and took a shot at him. It
was a close call, but fortunately for Ziegland the bullet
just missed him and lodged in a tree. A few years later,
a man decided to cut down the tree. It turned out to be
too difficult to chop down, so he decided to blow it up
instead. However, the explosion sent the bullet flying off
at speed, hitting the passing Ziegland and killing him.
So, in this way, Ziegland was eventually shot. It seems
that there is gtgiti of truth in the saying: if ounce born
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIINLk Twain said the following words: "I came
in wit
Comet in 1835. It is coming again next
year, and I e5TW to go not with it." Mark Twain was
born in 1831 the year of appearance of Halley's Comet
and passed away in 1910 when it appeared again. So, he
managed to.gtgyjic the coincidence of his own death.

tiglish Swatter. aaIOtla

 Daniel Du Tait gave a lecture in South Africa which was

supposed to warn listeners that death can strike us down
at anytime. No sooner had he sat down than he choked on
a Peppermint and promptly departed this life.
coincidence I rung okolicenoici
injured I ranny
to break up with sb I zeiwaf z kinzf
out of despair I z rozpaczy
to commit suicide I pspolnf oanzobdistaco
enraged I rozwicieczony
to take a shot atsb I strzeliidokogsf
it was a close call I ma4o brokowabo
to lodge in sth I utkwif w ozymi
to tarn out I rkazoi boy
to chop sth down I idof cof
to blow sth up I uWsadzii cot
eventually I w kobocu,ostatecznre
grain I ziarnko odrobina
if you're born to hang, you won't drown I coma wisied tie utonre
to go out with sth I odohtdzit z czymf
appearance I pojawleoie Si0
to pass away I odejft (cmrzef)
to nonage to do sth I din rody cod ozobif
to predict sth I przewidziei cot
to strike sb down I zaskoczyf kogod
at any time Is kazdoj died:
to choke or sth I zodbaecii sif czyrzib
peppermint I rniytdusko
promptly I rychlo, szybko
to depart this life I rejif z tegs padobu

Sustainable Sherford
The ecu-paradise Sherford is a town being built in Devon,
England. It is expected to provide insosing for 12,000 people.
Sherford has been designed in a way that will 0500ttos e its residents louse walkways and cycleways litnigatof getting into the
car. The town is to take pride its its 500-acre community park.
The most important feature of Sherford will be enemy-efficient
buildings using reriosyitbie sources of energy. The town will be
equipped with two wind turbines. Anart from being eco-friendly,
Sherford is expected to cherish community values and social cohesion. The place is supposed to create an oasis of balance between work space and green space. Half of its energy needs will
be softti by simile renewables - windpower, solar thermal energy, photovoltaic energy. Rainwater will bebcyoteg for flushlisp toilets, as well as watering gardens. Additionally, the town
will support gregotg_r recycling. The sine of houses will tango
from one-bedroom flats to large family homes, since Sherford
wants to be recognized as a socially-inclusive town. Community
gardens, protection of wildlife habitats maybe an organic farm,
all gathcrd in one place the town of the future: Sherford.

Ca.

i_SO

is i

sustainable I prryjeeny dlv irodowrskar zrwrtowoznny(np. rozwfij)

I nle5zkanla. budyriki mieszkulne
tO Sb to do oth I ztnhycaf kogod do zrobienia uzegod
sth I zamrastcaegin
Ic in sth I szczyoif sq czgmt, ityf damnym a czegot
dent I energotszczefny
I odnawialny
I oprdco
tb I cesif cod, pielggonwaf mi
tU;ifltegracla
pokolony
ejscsvq, lokaloy
o I fotounitaicznylprzeksztabcajycy iwiatbo w eriergiy
ru:ptzyskiwany, grsmodzory
I spbskiwaf cot
I zuzyta woda(nip. z unzydzei kuchennyrh I iazienkowVchi
entttoy I rniefzakresodXdoy
I many
lusine I byctyci roost warsteq spoleczoe
odowisko, siedlrsko
zgrornadznny, skupisny

Rozwiqaanie ken kursu not najciekawozq recenzjg ksiqdki.

Auto rem zwycigskiej recenzji jest Pani Iwona Bujanowska. Serdeczrtie gratulujerrty wygrenej. Nngrodg przedlemy pocztq.
Zaprnszamy do znpoznooiu sip Ce zwycipskq recenzjq, krdra znajduje sip ponizej.

Henryh
Sienhiewicz

I:he Prmous PoLish RuLhor's

bylwonaBujanowska
PorniLj LiFe
enryk Sienkiewicz, pseudonym Litwos, is gpgsgded in Poland as the most popular writer
of the second half of the 19'
century and the first half of the
2O' century. He attained global recognition and his books have been translated into many languages, with the movie
adaptations becoming blockbusters,
From the start, readers in a nartitioned
Poland devoured his novels and short
stories. The iatfg_r dealt mostly with the
extreme ittloecy of Polish flpdyatfi5 in
an enslave country and on pofie in the
19 century. His well-known historical novels are: 'With Fire and Sword',
'The pjttg_e' and 'Fire in the Steppe'
(alt three of which form The Trilogy)
and 'Quo vadis?' The Trilogy presents
in a picturesque and evocative, though
idealistic way the heroic events of 17'

century Poland, with battles, pisfalls

and heroism as well as love and adventure, friendship and rivalry, all with jp
vial humour and reference to the Polish
struggle for independence, 'written to
raise people's spirits'. The next novel,
'Quo vadis?', shows the spiritual triumph of Christianity over the ytipjpiice
of the Roman Empire. Litwos also
wrote a book for young children: 'In
Desert and Wilderness', a cnntemoocaxy novel: 'The Polaniecki Family'
and a series of reports: 'Letters from
America'. For his work, Heuryk Sienkiewicz was awarded the Nobel Prize in
Literature.
The above is no mystery to the
Polish. Is there a Pole who has not
read or at least watched "Quo vadis?'
or 'Fire in the Steppe'? As Sienkiewicz's books teach and entertain, the

In regard sb/sth as I uwazal ktgoi/cof za

to attain sth I zdtbreai cal, osiggai cog
blockbuster I salag:er
to partition sth I prdznlii col, dokosal
rozbioru czegti
to devour sth I poiraloti, pochionyt cot
the latter I te drape
misery I nieszczytcie,cierpieuia
peasant I chiop, wetniuk
enslaved I tu:ciemiqznny

exile I zeslanie, nygnanie, emigracja,tutacaka

deluge I pontp
picturesque I malowniozy, barwny
apitfall I tuniebezpieeZeistwn
jovial I jowialiry, wesu
violence I przemoc
contemporary I wspitczesny
5 prntagnnist I bohater
inconspicuous I niepoztrny, nierzucajgcy op

English Matter. 4412014

nrnta000ists have become people's

favourites. But what is known about
Sienkiewicz as a person and about his
family? This topic is covered in the excellent publication: 'In Henryk Sienkiewicz's Family Circle. New Documents,
Findings and Hypotheses' by Zhigniew
Miszczak. The book, with its inconspicuous cover, shows vividly the figure of the Nobel laureate, of his nearest
and dearest (parents, sisters, brothersin-law and nephews) as well as his everyday life.
The author tries to preserve Sienkiewicz's family members for pusIncjty; Professor Ludorowski, head of
the Sienkiewicz Society, writes that
Miszczak has gathered detailed facts,
fragments of information, scraps of letters, notes from press and photographs
and weaved from them a rich gpppyr
showing the life of the writer and of his
kin. It is intimate and lively, with interesting personalities, full of virtues and
weaknesses and their lives filled with
joys and troubles. The author presents
them with the scrupulousness of an
eye-witness and the imagination of
a poet. He describes them at times with
affection and sensitivity, at others with
humour, always in an honest and fMtivating way. He knows Sienkiewicz's
family almost as well as the writer himself, who, despite his frequent journeys,
was extremely attached to them. Thus,
we get to know Sieokiewicz's mother
posterity I potumrtaif, przyszle pokolenit
tn weave tth I stkai cot
tapestry I arms (it's all part of Ste's rich
tapestry - to sq aroki lyna)
kin I rodzina, krewni
eye-witness I nunozoy twiadek
captivating I ziriewalajycy, orzekaiqcy
a overwhelming I tu:pnzemtrty,ngtomny
influence on sth I wplvw no ref
to impart sth I roz1budzit, wywulaf cog

who had an overwhelminn influence

on her son and imparted in him a love
for literature. This energetic woman,
mother of six children, who worked
hard to make ends meet and took care
of his uffuttthtg during the horrible period of the January Unrisinu found the
strength, enthusiasm and inspiration to
write two stories presenting the country's life, its religiousness and traditions
as well as the fate of the individual. to
the book we also meet the Nobel laureate's father; we see the son's attachment
to make ends meet I wryzaf kon:ec z koncem
offspring I potomek, p000mstwt
January Uprising I pawstari:e styczniowe
fate tins
attachment to ab/sth I przywrqzan edo
kognilczagni
situ haw) the gift of the gab I byfwygadun5m
to multiply 5th I pornnoiyf

youth I mindoff

cal, rozmnozyf

IQ and care for the inadequate elderly

man, whose only saving graces were,
possibly, a charming gift of the nab and
a knack for story-telling. This talent, as
his only inheritance, would fall to Henryk. But how he would mtijgfgtly it!
The author also presents the dissimilarities in the features and fates of Litwos's three sisters. The eldest was Henryk's companion during his childhood
and youth and, after her premature
death, the writer supported her husband both mentally and materially. The
brother-in-law was an dbifl poet, often
in a quandary, often in love; his output
and characters developed, but life was
unpredictable and often cruel. The motif describing this is a masterpiece, as
can be said of many in the book.
At this point we notice that literary
talents are frequent in Sieokiewicz's
family. The middle sister is also talented, she translates French novels
and is very attached to her siblings.
The youngest one is gifted at poetry
and sometimes has inspirations and
visions in her dreams; she published,
probably thanks to her brother's aid,
'The Religious Poems'. In addition
to all that, she was still busy with the
farm, the household and the cluster of
children, often suffering poverty at the
side of a husband who was not a Data-

gm

of littift. It is good, then, that at

least Henryk helped her, usher toil and

hardship fills one with melancholy, just
as they moved Sienkiewicn who, after
she nassed away, writes a poetical short
story entitled 'Two Meadows', about
human troubles, life passing by and
posthumous happiness. It shows that
premature I przedwczesria
able I ozdoirnony
in aquandary 1w rozterce
siblings I rndzenstwo
cluster I tu:grnmadku
paragon I wtir (nip. centyl
thrift I nnznzydnnii,gospndarnoii
to pass away I unorzef
meadow I lyka
posthumous I poimierthy

E.sgIIe, ..ss...a4i2n14

Litwos, so close to his parents and siblings, was deeply moved by their lives
and deaths, and that this had an influence on his feelings, attitude and work.
Zbigniew Miszczak rightly pays attention to the unusual familiarity of
the author of 'The Deluge' who, with
the same dedication as in writing, supports his family. Henryk is, in fact,
the 'family mint' he generously finances his family when in need, as
well as founding scholarships and organising and contributing to collections for the needy in his partitioned
homeland.
Sieokiewicz is a familiar, warmhearted and hospitable man by nature
and such features of his are promoted in
this book. It praises a quiet and grdonsis
family life as conducive to outstanding achievements, in this case literary
ones. Sienkiewicu led such a life: living
among people close to him, avoiding
the publicity that accompanies fume.
He is a very

heaou man, helpful, pa-

tient, calm, with a subtle charm and

inborn sell and smile. He engages his

guests with interesting stories, anecdotes and countryside pastimes. And he

enjoys playing with kids as well.
To conclude, the book about Sienkiewicz is both captivating and factual,
and thanks to the knowledgeable and
omnipresent author, we get to know all
the secrets about the writer's family. As
a side-effect, the honk also inspires one
to cultivate family kutido and preserve
family traditions and customs, and encourages one to read Henryk Sienkiewicz's fabulous novels and shuts stories,
as well as other grins of literature. U
mint I Inituna, maiytek, mennica
homeland I ycryzna
to praise sob I nhwauf cti,eqchwaini cod
arduous I tradny, ciyki
humane t iudzki
wit I humor, tnteligencja
omnipresent I wszechobetny
side-effect I efekt ubnczny
bond I
gem I skurb. pereiha

PeopLe and LifesLijLe

-J

AW

CEO
od dostepu:2.
em.colorfulmedia.pI

by Urszula Gruszecka

GAMEoFIHR-ONES
E,.gIifl M.tte.-s :112014

In the last couple of years,

recognizable fantasy realms in the
world.
the industry connected
Born in 1948, George spent most of
with 1'V series production
his young years immersed in a world of
has bloomed. The simple,
fantasy. The quiet town in New Jersey
where he grew op was the perfect place
linear, one-plot focused
for a boy with a sisiti imagination. He
story telling has turned into started to write when he was at IlciloalT
multi-layered, time-shifting school becoming the provider of exciting short stories for his school mates.
creation of different. He
used to write fan fiction based on his
In this variety of choices,
favourite comic books, which apggx,
such as a mysterious island, gntly gh1ye_d him to master the art of
storytelling. When he started studying
teenage werewolves, and
at Northwestern University of Illinois,
his passion led him to a Master's Dedemon hunters, we have
been given a chance to enter glueAftinerJournalism.
nradnation. George aittiets
the realm created by George lank many different projects, among
which he advocated an anti-Vietnam
R.R. Martin portrayed in
war aggtihr, held a teaching position at
the award-winning series
Clarke University from 1978 to 1979.
"Game of Thrones".
However just as the wind, water, and

or hours of thrillinganticipationand nail biting tension

all the fans, both readers and
viewers, should be titanhtlal
In George Raymond Richard
Martin. This 65 year old man, looking like a grandad in his insenarable
sailor hut, has created one of the most

I przemys+, branza
to bloom I kaztnqi, razlraataf
one-plot I jedrow4tkowy
It turn Into 5th I zamieniaf siq w cot
multi-layered I wielowarstaooy
tine-shifting I tunielinearny,w roziieJ
prZeStrzefll rzasowej
realm I krlestwn, pahstvcn
variety of sth I nfznorodnotf czegot,
rnarnaitnii czegos
werewolf I rsikofak
a thrilling I ekscytujqcy
anticipation I oczekiwanie
nail biting I tuipasjonsjfcy, poryuajycy
tension I naplycie
thankful to sb I wdziqczny komoi
inseparable I niendly cony
rrecogniaable I rnzpoznawalny
D industry

sun shggue the surface of the earth, all

his experiences shaped George's mind
and led him to one conclusion that being a ftolltiatte writer is what he really
wanted lneoue in life. His first professionally published story aggeareti in
Galaxy magazine in 1970. Still, it was
the series "A Song of Ice and Fire" that
has become George's biggest achi8lccn

at.
immersed I zaglybiory, zanarznny
vivid I zyisy, bujny
primary school I nzkola pndstawnwa
provider I dostarczyciel
school mete I szkolry kolega
apparently I rajn5rairiiel
to allow oh to do sth I pozwoii kumat no
zrnbienie czegoy
00 master sth I adoskonalif
to lead to sth I do/prnwadni do czegot
Masters Degree I stopieri rxagistra
graduation I ukoczenio studiw
to undertake sth I pndrjrirnwaf ny czegof
to advocate sth I wspierai cot, popieraf cot
agenda I tu program
to shape sb/sIb I ksztattowai kogot/cod
full-time I peindetatowry
to pursue sth I wykonywaE cot

ngHSfl Mttr4412014

A Song of Ice and Fire

The book series consists of five vol times no far, with the first one, titled
"Game of Thrones", published in 1996.
Each hook gggnligs such an antanot of
plots and characters that it is simply impossible to introduce them all. To cut
a long story short, and at least sketch
out the main plot, sit down comfortably
and let me tell you a story.
The main area of the events are the
continents called Westerns and Essos.
westerns is divided into Seven Kingdoms under the rule of King Robert.
The current ruler overthrew the pnevvious king, Aerys II Turguryeo, who was
said to have lost his mind and led the
kingdom into tijoarcay. The story 18801_s
to be built around a framework of the
House of Stark. In the first few chapters
to appear I pojawiaf se
achievement I osiygrriycie
In date I dodzit
6 t cnsist of sob I skiadaf sly z czegnt
volume I to:tom
to contain sth I aavnierai cos
amount I iluR
at least I przynajmniel
to sketch sth not I naknetlif cot
to be divided into ott, I byf podaelonym no coy
under the rule of oh I pod czvimt panowaniem
current I obecny
ruler I erlaica, rzydzyry
to overthrow sb I obalid ingot
previous I poprzedni
disarray I ,amqt, chaos
to seem I wydawat sly
framework I rama,struktura

abelouad I okuchsrty
bastard I tabtkart
unpleasant I niaprayjemny
border I granica
serene I spokojry
disturbances I zamiasuki
to tarn out I okazywaf sig
though I JEdnak
plotting I spiskowanie
scheming I krsucie intryg
to take place I mief mlejsce, dziaf siy

we are introduced to Ned Stark, his bed wife Calelyn and their children:
Robb, Santa, Arya, Bran, Rickon, and
Jon Snow, known in the whole realm
as "Ned Stark's bastard". Ned is a Lord
of the Winterfell and the Warden of
the North - the cold and unuleasant
land near the Wall - the ancient kggg_r
between the world of humans and the
world of the Others. Life in the North is
not easy but the whole kingdom seems
to be in a serene time with no major
conflicts or disturbances. The peaceful
atmosphere gigtgut to be only a vefl
thQggh, behind which constant plot"n and soiteittin is taking place. The
attxit that gijgggrs a period of iiptn&r is
ill by Ned himself. Being the Hand of
King Robert, he discovers that the igLr
to the Iron Throne is not Robert's son.
When the king is mortally tettujted on
a hunting trip, gnkiu about the Queen's
illegitimate son spreads and potential
successors In the throne raise their
voices. Ned Stark's family is at
the whole kingdom under the ijtgg.gf of
civil war, and the daughter of Aerys II
Targaryen gather s an army to fight for
the throne. As if this wasn't enough, the
memorable words of the Lord of Winterfell: "Winter is coming" transform
into a real peril from beyond the Wall.
So this is how the story begins. Golest you are an ggntgitt opponent of the
fantasy gonre, you will definitely find at
least one character worth going through
the hundreds and hundreds of pages of
the books and hours of the TV series
for. But you have to remember that

with Martin's slightly morbid sense of

humour, it is better not to become too
attached to a character and assume the
worst, and just be content when the
worst doesn't happen.

spark I iskra
to trigger 5th I wyzwalaf cot, wynotywuf cot
pnwodtwai cot
uproar I zamieszki, rnzruchsy
till zapainny, rnzniecnry
hair I nustgpcatronu
wounded I runny
gossip I p10th
illegitimate I ro:nietlsbny, a r:eprawego into
to spread I rozprzestrzen:aE sly
to raise ath I podnosif cot lop. glosi
tuba at risk I byf zogmofonym

threat I zngmozenie
to gather sth I grtmadzd cot
memorable I pamiytny
peril I rrabezpiaczatstwo
adamant I niewzruszoty
genre I gatonek lop literack:)
n slightly I lekko
morbid I mokabBczny
tube attached to sb/sob I byf przywiyzonym
it kotot/czetst
to assume 5th I zakisdaf cot
fandom I spoltornotifaniw

IWIh

Matton 4412014

Adaptation and the

Fandom
It's common knowledge that the
book is always better than its adaptation. Many people would dare to say
that in this particular case, though, the
adaptation does Justice to the bunks. Of
course we have to remember that a television series is a completely different
medium to written stories, therefore it
focuses on slightly different aspects.
George R.R. Martin is a magnificent story teller, and the producers and
script writers had to come to terms
with that fact and approach the main
substance with hgmi1jg. The pmproduction - casting, script writing,
locations took.ages but was tttntth it.
The cast turned out to be an outstandjpg group of actors, among which fans
can admire Sean Bean, Charles Dance,
and the young generation in the form
of Sophie Turner, Maisie Williams,
and Emilia Clarke. It seems that there
is no weak point in the series, and it is
really hard to find a fan who would say
that the adaptation isn't impeccable.
Game of Thrones has won millions of fans all over the world who
are now gathered in one of the biggest
Pandoms in the world. They meet in
huge numbers at different conventions
and lake part in numerous codpjs.

George R.R. Martin visits Game of

Thrones panels, and is more than willing to take Dart in interviews. The interviews became especially nifiotliejoing after the final plot 1mmt at the end
of the third series which btQughc many
fans to tears. Some people, well emote
of the catastrophe that was about to
happen, recorded their friends' reactions to the bloodcurdling ending and
posted them on YouTube. As soon as
the fan videos appeared on the Internet, interviewers started to show
those pictures of despair to Martin
asking him how he could have done
it to his own fans. In his defetttle, he
said - "Well, they would know what

was going to happen if they read the

books". The really amazing thing is
the fact that even though the books
had already been published and were
widely available there aren't any kolis
or nixsty spoilers within the fandom, so
those who haven't read the books can
enjoy the plot twists and still he surprised by the story's resolutions. It is
said that George has even shared some
tlntcjal information concerning the
main characters' story lines with the
producers, in cute he won't be able to
finish the saga before his death. The
final destinies of the characters are
still unknown. On the one hand there
are fans who hope that it is going to be

their favourite character who will finally survive the war and win the Iron
Throne. On the other there are fans
who are afraid that the last chapter
of the last hook will depict an ice-age
apocalypse in the realm, where only
the Others will survive. Everything is
possible.
So far three volumes have been
made into three seasons of the series.
The fourth is to be gjj:gd in 2014. After receiving many awards, such as an
Emory Award for Outstanding Main
Title Design, a Golden Globe for Peter
Dinklage, and n British Academy of
Film and Television Award, the series
is doomed to continuing success.

to do justice to sth I dordwoywai czerrrut

therefore I diateto
to focus on sb/sth I koncentrowaf siy flu
knri/czinrrt, skupiad siy on kirni/rzyrrh
to come to terms with sth I pogodriinyzczymi
to approach sth I podejif do coego!
humility I poktma
to take ages I zubrof duto czasu
worth I wart, warty
outstanding I wbittv
impeccable I bez zorzutu, rrenaganrmy
convention I nazi

cnsplayfcoetorrre play) I spolkania faniw,

podczas ktirych uczestniry przehierajy sly on
posturer hlmrmdw, grer video, komniksiw itp.
a to take part in sth I brat w czVm! ndzinl
entertaining I rtzrywktw
twist I zaskakajegy zwrot akrji
to bring ob In tears I doprozsadzai kogtt do lee
aware of sth I iwmndumi czegoi
bloodcarling ) rmrobcy brew w lylach
despair ) rozpacz
defence I obrtna
a mailable I dostypry

lack I przflriek
nasty I paskudny
spoiler) tu:przeoek iriformacji
resolution ) mozwiyzanle
crucial I klurznuey
destiny I pmzeznaczenie, los
on the one hard I a jedoej strony
ton the other (hand) I z dragiej strony
to depict tb?tth I odmnolowyusai krgoi/ctl,
praedstawmoc kogoilcod
In air sth I wy/tnitowat cot
to be doomed to sth I byd skazaryrms flu cot

English MatterS 44 12014

12

People and LiFesLjLe

E9IiI, Maers

4 044

The cusp of the twentieth

and twenty first century has
not only xgggkgti the turn
of the millennium, but also
a substantial change in what is
the driving force of this world.
After the industrial society took
over the figgglsj one, what
we can witness now could be
named the age of information.
Knowledge has become
accessible regardless of gggigr.
As the roles of men and women
have giiffle, the former now
fight for Datemity leave and
bustle in the kitchen, while the
latter storm "male domains",
like, say, technology. But, is
women's interest in technology
so recent?
ver heard of the
1911
century
tech
geek,
Ada LoveElam? A,
the offsprin of
the
romantic
poet, George
Byron,
she
startled the world
from the very first day of her life, when
she turned oat to be a girl while her parents etigecird "die gisgiaps boy". Maybe
that's why she managed to achieve a thing
that most women those days couldn't even
imagine in their kgiagst dreams. History iodi her as the world's first computer programmer. Quite hard to envisage
a woman ivahuge white dress with puffed
igeygs and plenty of ribbons, sitting by
a coolemnorarvcompnter, isn't it? Though
women's intellectual gttcattfis were not really encouraged in those days, Ada developed Charles Babbuge's early mechanical
general-nuroose computer, the Analytical

Engine. What was found in her notes, is

now referred teas the first algorithm to be
processed by a machine. You can find her
elilgy on the Microsoft product authenticity hologram sgieligrs. The most sirlidog
thing is, she anticioated that the machine
would not only be used for calculations but
also scientific taseantit, composing music
and producing graphics. It took along time
to reach this level, but thanks to her, the
world is as it is now.
Another
woman
who has not her head
above the naranet is
Rana ci Kaiiouby. What makes
,
her special? As
an Egyptian
Muslim with
a husband and
a little child, she
decided to devote her life to making

computers read emotions, commotino

from Cairo to the US once a month.
Initially, she only intended to enhance
human-computer interaction. However, the moment she fotred_otit that
many people no the autism spectrum
hod communicating what they feel and
recognising other people's emotional
states impossible, she was determined
to sort the problem teat. That's how she
invented one of the top 100 innovations
in 2006, accordion to the New York
Times. Her emotion-reading wearable
glasses could "see" if someone facing
the wearer looked bored. If so, it could
use lights in the glasses to inform the
observer. From helping teachers check
which material students respond to
best, to phones sensing when we just
want to be riven a break, what she still
wants to discover, might turn out lobe
groundbreaking.

ocusp I zetkniy tie sly, zbiog

to murk sth I ayznaczyf rof
nrilleniunr I tysiprierie
substantial I istotny, powazrft
driving force I sila napydowa
to take over sb/sIb I Pro edornirounaf kogol/cof
agrarian I rainy, atraroy
to witness sth I byE fwiadkiem rongof
regardless of sth I bee nzglydu racti
gender I pfet
to shift I tutmienrf cbarakter
the former I ten pierwsay, ci pierwsi ft dwOcb
oyroieniorrych osdb/grup)
paternity leave I uriop tacrerayf ski
to bustle I kreytaf sly
the latter I ten drugi, ci frsdzy a dwbch
arynrienitsych osib/grup)
to storm sth I brat cof szturmem, racieraf natal
a offspring I pttrvstwo, potomek
to startle sb/ste I zuskokiwof kognb/coi
to turn out I nkazaf siy
to coped ab/sth I oczekiwat kognf/czegoi
glorious I urocry
bald I
to hail sb as ski oboohywef kngni kind
to enoisagesb/sth i uogtbrozr noble ktgot/cot
puffed I bohasty
sleeve I rykaw
contamarary I wspilcaesny

pursuit I zajycie, pasja

to encourage ob to do sth i zachycad kngoi do
arabionia czegof
general-purpose I a ngdlnym zastosoaaniU
oeffigy I podnbizna
sticker I naklejka, nalnpka
striking I uderzajycy
to anticipate sth I prarwidpoaf mi,
prtgnozowai cof
scientific I naukoosy
research I budanie
to put/stick one's head abase the parapet i
preen. par, wyrhylif sly, pod yE ryzyka
10 devote sth to sth I poiwiycd cci na
arobienie czrgct
eta commute I dcjediai do prosy
to intend to do sth i zamirrzai cod orobit
to enhance sth i polepszyt cot, osprawed
mn
to find out sib I dowiedzied sip a rayon,
tdk ryE to recognise sb/sth i roepotnuwaf ktgtt/ctE,
PU:pOprawrie intenpretowuf
to sort sth out I rozaiyzai cot lop. problem)
according 101 wed/ag
wearable I przeznaczony do nnsrenia
to give oh a break I pot. odpuicii komut, oat
krvui spnkdj
groundbreaking I przelomuwy

English lgtt.n4412010

Chieko Asakawa - Aft

as a blind researcher
she has helped ytuitally imnairedto
find their bearings in the
computerised world.
Among other
things, she built
the groundbreaking practical voice
browser making use of a numeric
keypad. Her extraordinary zeal has let
many people overcome the limitations
of the Internet globally. Her team created a tool for web designers to check accessibility issues on their pages. Technology still creates stumbling blocks to
disabled users, despite the fact that they
eatyt.tittite one third of the population.
Chieko's research created tremendous
opportunities, not only for visually
impaired but also for giderly and ff11daLe people. As she said in one interview, "Information access has become
so critical for our daily lives. It's not
a pjyjlggg. It's a human right."
Sheryl Sandberg - when it comes
Iq a spectacular career as a leader and
being a fulfilled mother and wife, she's
definitely got a lot to say. As the eagrent
COO of Facebook and former leader

of giants like Google,

Starbucks or Walt
1Disney, as well as
the United States
Secretary of the
Treasury staff
leader,
she
join
ned last
year's list of
100 most influential people in the world, according
to Time magazine. Just In add some
spice to her profile, apart from being
a role model for many women, she
wrote a hotly fighuied book tujuitig the
treacherous issue of feminism, blaming
women for the fact that they constitute
only 4% of CEOs of America's 300
Fortune companies. Though it earned
her a lot of criticism, "Lean in" became
an instant bestseller. Anyhow, after she
joined Facebonk, it earned more US
mobile revenue than any other publisher in 2012, with an 18.4% share of
the whole market. Everything thanks to
the brilliant idea of adding adu to the
mobile news feed.
Ruzena Bajcsy born and raised
in Czechoslovakia, her contribution to
robotics is invaluable. A difficult childhood didn't create a hindrance in trying to fulfil her scientific ambitions.

In spite of being educated in orubanaes

after her Jewish parents were killed
by the Nazis,- she
was a re
C_
ably
tudent
after get
PhD at Slovak
Technical University, she was invited
to Stanford. The range of research that
she's been involved in is quite fascinating, spanning from artificial intelliggocy, through ecosystems and computational biology, to security. Only in
1979, she hugely supported the creation
of robots which sense their surroundlogo and react to them. As head of a scientific institute, she is working on intelligent sensors which can alarm about
forest fires, monitor energy consumption or secure property.
Marissa Mayer President
th
and S
Yahoo!, joine
catiisu of Go
in 1999 as e
numb
20 and became the

r blind I riiowidtflly
visually impaired I a zaburzeniami percepcjl
wzrokowpj
to find one's bearings I ruodnalein siy
browser I wy5zukiwarka
keypad I kiawiatars
extraordinary I nieukly, rudzwyczajnb
zeal I rntuzjazm, zapat
to overcome 5th I przezvcryzad cos
stumbling block I przeszktda, kinds pod rtgi,
u liv d n a n iv
disabled I roepelnospraaurry
despite I pomimo
In constitute 5th I stonnair rod
tremendous I luwielki
elderly I starizy
illiterate I riepilmierni
privilege I przywilej
when it comes to I jodli chudzi

fulfilled I sphrooy
current I obecny
COO (Chief Operating Officer) I dyrrktor ds,
operacyjoych
former I byhy
utujoin sIb I dulyczyddoczegoi
influential I wptywo
apantfrnm I opricz
debated I truawiany
to raise an issue I podnosif kwestry
treacherous I to delikatny
to blame ob for nth I winif ktgtd 20 cos
CEO (Chief Executive Officer) I dymthroflhonawts
to core sb criticism I przysporzyf komut krrjtyki
revenue I dtchid
share I udzral
ad (adverstisemenl) I roklaua
news feud I koraly internettwe op yts.ArCM
noised I wychtwany

contribution to 5th I wklad a cut

invaluable I niroceniuny
hindrance I przeszkoda
to fulfil 5th I spekiii cod Irp rnarzeriiol
in spite of slh I mimo czegoi
orphanage I siorocinlac
remarkably I riadaczajnie
PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) I stopiod doktsra
range I zakres
tube involved in sib lbi1 wctizaangaowunym
to span from Xt. vl rthjuo,szalomooedXdtY
artificial intelligence I szlvczoa inteligencia
hugely I w durym sttpniu
to sense 5th I wycauwaf cod
surroundings I tttczerie
rank I tv-020reg
employee I pracuwnik
atenune I urayduwonie, kadencja
array I izerey

EelBItSh Mutton 4412t1a

Angielski
Jak? Gdzie? Kiedy' - porozmawiajmy
Everyday English
first female engineer. During her tentire in Google she held a wide stray of
positions. She was largely responsible
for the most successful products, like
Google Maps, Google Earth, Street
View and Gmail. Said lobe the 'fashionista with an eye for design", she
had a hand in their distinctive look.
She spent more than ten years grovin
she was the most suitable person for
her position, and receiving applause
for her sense of detail and visiona
approach. Being the youngest CEO of
a Fortune 500 company at the age of
38, she is struggling to turn Yahoo'
round. Surprisingly, together with
ianthn her new job, she gave birth to
her first child. She apparently showed
that pursuing a glittering career in
Silicon Valley doesn't have to mean
self-sacrifice.
As you can see, women have always
played their part in the sphere of tech
innovation. Exploring their stories may
spark inspiration in many - and not only
aoetctog female scientists or businesswomen. Whether you're a cashier with
five children on the breadline a teacher constantly struggling for money or
a successful entrenreneur. it's always
worth trying to reach higher, no matter
III
how slim the chances,
I izaangaaiwunymwioi
distinctiw I wyr5irnaj4ny
to prove 5th I idrnadnini ml
suitable I nfptwedrii
us,ona,y I ainjrnerski

to turn sth resod I fa- orarowif cot

to land sb 5th I pot. zalapal sit carol
apparently I nsjwidtczeiej
glittering I, blpskotliuoy
self-sacrifice I sontposwitCer,e
to spark sthlwzbadzar cot
whether I czy
on the breedline I ra granicy sbdstwa
entrepreneur I przedsykorra
no matter how slim the chances I bet wzglgdi
no to jak nikln 54 soanse

dia Polakw
"'I'lik

Jak? Gdzie? Kiedy? Everyday Engfish dia Polakdw. Stwka, zwroty,

krdtkie historyjki I dialogi z ycia
codziennego

Jak pa angielsku zaprosit ko1eg,

a jak szefa na kolacjc? A jak
I
I
dziewczyn do kina i na randkc?
_
Jak grzecznie o cog poprosi,
jak podzickowa, przeprosit?
Jak wyrazi6 niezadowolenie, zloi, rado, oburzenie,
zachwyt, jak mwi o miloici, zazdroici, nienawici,
o szczciu i pechu...? Jak ROZMAWIAC p0 angielsku? Na
pewno pomoze nam ksizka Izabelli Rodzik-Sambierskiej,
wieloletniej nauczycielki angielskiego I autorki lubianego
podrcznika Jak mwimy...? Gramatyka angielska latwa
t przyjemna.
Jak? Gdzie? Kiedy? to solidna wiedza podana z humorern,
troche z przymrueniem oka, autorka zna uczniw i wie,
0 CO chodzi w uczeniu. Oprcz dialogw, historyjek i scenek
s4 tu tematyczne zestawienia slwek, tabelki z pokrewnyml wyraeniami I wariacje na temat niektrych z nich (iwie
serce, serce magki, serce z piernika, z glbi serca... ltd).
Jednym slowem - bardzo bogaty material do rozmw - p0
angielsku!

PenDen,at.Madnein
I An"ie1ski
Active English d1azawodowc6w
ActiveEnglishatWorkKompendium
at Work

fachowegojezyka angielskiego

Ta ksiaazka natomiast to jui nie

pogaduszki. Podrcznik autorstwa
Piotra Domansktego jest przez'c -.
naczony dia osb, ktdre potrzebuj4
poslugiwat sic fachowym slownictwem angielskim w pracy lub na
11,
studiach. Zawiera mm. przewodniki slownikowe po rekiamie i marketingu, bankowoci
I finansach, slowmctwo ,,konferencyjne" I elementy jzyka
naukowo-technicznego. Polecamy wszystkim, ktrzy chc
czu sic pewnie w sytuacjach zawodowych.
Ksiqki mona kupii na www.poltext.pl
Na haslo English Matters rabat

20%

Open

ml:
UH
by Katarzyna Szpotakowska

'So be free
I'll let you go
I only said these things
because I love you so
So, be free
I'll let you go
I know that when you're
gone
I'm gonna miss you so'
Birdy
Rules
Open Mic UK is a music competition and one of the largest talent
searches in the United Kingdom.
It has been broadcast since 2008.
Thanks to the division into three
categories, there is no age group the
competition doesn't include. No matter if you're under 16, between 16 and
20 or over 21, you're invited to have
g.gg. Particination is not restricted
Lo solo singers, bands are also welcome. Entrants are allowed to sing
covers as well as original songs. The
only condition is to pluck on enough
csuursgs to enter the auditions.

The Stake
The idea behind the show is

English Matter. 4412014

similar to what has been happening

in The Voice UK, Pop Idol and The
X Factor. The overall winner rakes
in 5,000. Anart from the money,
the main prize comprises a publicity pocliggo, as well as a consultation and development package. As
a consequence, winning leads to
annearances on the covers of numerous magazines, such as Q magazine,
other elements of social marketing
and the opportunity to sign a recording contract. Regional winners don't
leave the stage emtev-haoded either.
They receive Exposure Awards, J
cisiihlng time in a recording studio worth the ghygient of 210 - and
music lessons,

Bleeding Love
As has been mentioned before,
Open Mic UK is not the only talent search in the UK. So, English
Matters has derided to take a closer
took st the popularity of each show.
Last place goes to Pop Idol, with
two seasons only, and Will Young
and Michelle McManus as winners.
The youngest one, The Voice UK
has been broadcast since 2012 with
its third series starring in 2014. Having Kylie Minogue and Tom Jones
as judges may sound like a guaran
tee of the show's success. As for the
winners, there have been two so fan
Leanne Mitchell and partially sig
gd Andrea Begley.
The most serious competitor to
Open Mic seems to be The X Factor. Since 2004, among the judges,
there've definitely been some beauties, such as Nicole Scherzinger
and Cheryl Cole, as well as some
otmipoketi beasts - Simon Cowell,
as well as Sharon Osbourne. It is
worth mentioning that one of the series lured the impressive number of
200,000 audutionees os well asiigoijy
20 million viewers in front of their
TV screens. Although some of the
names of X Factor winners, such as
James Arthur and Steve Brookstein,

Vampire Diaries. She has already recorded her first album, which has become enirgttstl popular in Holland and Belgium.
Her single Just a Game can be heard on
the Hunger Games soundtrack.

Open Mic

may not ring a bell, Leona Lewis surely

dues. The artist won the X Factor competition in 2006 and since that time she's
been -bleeding love internationally.

Birdy
Is there a winner of Open Mic UK
who could beat Leona? As a matter of
fact, there is - Bicdy. She lsgggU_u victory in 2008, being only 12 at that time.
Birtly sang her own song So Be Free. Her
version of Skinny Love hit the number
one poi in France and was featured in

a to broadcast sib emitowaf cog

division I prdzial
to include sb/sth I wlyczai kogol/onl,
obejrnowul kogol/rol
to have ago I spribtwai
participation I udziat, uczestnictwt
restricted to I ograrczony It
entrant I lurosoba przystypuj000 do
przesluohaf
to be allowed to do sib I nnief zgtdy na
zrrbienre cuegni
to pluck up courage I zebraf sig na tdwagy
audition I przestucharoe
stake I stawka
overall I tu.nsluteczrly
In rake in 5th I ptt agarrial oti (pierriydze)
apartfrom I npricz
to comprise sib I tu:zawieraf cal, rbejmtwai
onI

The name Open Mic UK stems from

live shows open to all members of the mta
igtice. In traditional open mic contests,
any member of the audience can appear
onstage to perform for an allotted period
of time. 1'pical performances included
singing, reciting pretty or some comedy.
In the case of Open Mic UK, the decision
to participate isn't fully spontaneous, Entrants have loyggfetec in advance via the
Internet and pay a 5 handling fee. For
some - a gitiflitible investment - for others - fun and adventure, and most probably for a certain group of competitors a huge disappointment, As Abbu used to
sing, it's all about destiny.
'The winner takes it all
The loser standing small
Beside the victory
That's her destiny'
Abb.
*Bleeding love - the title of a sung
IN
performed by Leona Lewis

package I pakiet
to lead to 5th I prnwudzri do ozegol
appearance I pejawianie Siy
recording contract I knrrtrakt nogranirwy
empty-handed I a pustymr rykami
including I wtycznie
equivalent I okwiwulant, rdwnowartoif
to take a closer lank at sth I przyjrzei pa
ozamul burr1
guarantee I gwarancja
partially sighted I niedtwidzycg
competitor I rywal, krrrkurent
to seem I wydawaf 51f
outspoken I szctery do lila, mdwlycy baa
ngridek
it is worth mentioning that I warto
to lure sb/sth I tuprzyoygnyi kogtl/onl
Impressive I nnbiycy wrtienie

fl911h Matt.fl4412014

audiunnee I asobabroryraudzialwpraothuchariu
as well as I lakjak
nearly I prawie
a to sing a bell I kniarzyi siya ozyml
to beat sb/sth I ptkonaf kngol/coi
to sweep to ath I tusiygnyf po cal
to hit the number one spot I zostal numcrem
eden na lilrre przebnjtiw
r extremely I wyjytkowt
soundtrack I icialka diwyknwa
to stem from sth I auywodaif Si1a ozegol
audience I psblrcanoti
allotted I okrnllnny
to register I zarelestrowaf sly
in advance I a wypraedzeniem
via I przez, poprzez
handling feel oplotu monipulucyjno
profitable I aysktwriy, rantewny
dissapointmert I rozozarowanie

18

PeopLe and Lifestyle

*The Skye Is Lhe Um'IL

by Janet Sandford

If you've ever thought about uooina sticks and living abroad but don't know what to expect,
English Matters interview, with Polish eVat, Magda Healey will put you in the picture.
She's been there, done that and got the T-shirt, so read on and find out if it's for you.
What is your background?
I grew up and lived, emil my late
twenties in the Tr-City connrbation
of Gdadsk, sopot and Gdynia. I have
a psychology degme but worked for
many years in market and opinion research. I also do a bit of freelance translation and interpreting.
When did you leave Poland and
Why?
I left Poland in the late 1990s, for
love. I met a British guy and we went to
the UK as he couldn't stay in Poland. It
was possibly the hardest decision I have
ever made in my life, as I had never had
a desine to emigrate. I had a decent career and social life; all those things that
make one connected to a place and there
I was, leaving it all for the unknown.
We had no money, no jobs arranged,
no place to live; and as this was before
Poland joiaed the EU, the nracticalities
were also more complex then. At the

same time, I'd always wanted to travel

and had a latent wanderlust, so I think
that was part of it, to get me out of my
comfort zone.
What were your first experiences
of the UK?
My very first experiences in the UK
go back to the early 1990s when I took
a year's sabbatical from the urn and
spent time living in London, working in
menial jobs. I left a year later with less
money than I'd taken, at a time when
some Poles had saved enough to buy
a flat back in Poland but I Mjd what
felt like the experience of seygtel years
and my English improved massively.
I mined no with my partner again
a few years later with the idea of settling and eventually acquired the right
to work legally; it took a tot of on-spec
applications to get a professional job.
I worked for a market research agency in the North West of England for

otoop sticks I pot. przenleif sty przeprowadrii

practicalilies I norma praktyczroa

elatent I okryty, otajory
wanderlust I ,amilowartie in podridy
sabbatical I urlop raukooty
an = university I urlorsytet
moniol I rirewdzrgczny, podrzgdny
In goin 5th I zyskiwof coi.zdobywai cot
soaorol I kilka
to join up with skI spotkai siyz kirni,
przylyrzyisiydokogoi
eventually I w koicu, ustatecznie
In acqaine 5th I zdobywni cot, uzyskaf

oxpat = eopatriate I osoba mieszkngca rn

obczyirio
to put ub is the picture I par. poinlormoevai
kogof o ozymi wprowadzii kogol a teroat
,until I ad do
conarbotinn I zespil miejski, konurbncja
dogree I stopief naukowy
research I badania
dosiro I ohyk pragaienie
decent I przgzwoity
the unknown I nieznane
to join sth I wstypif do ozegaf

on-spec I pot. w ole

flgIISh Matters 4412014

a while and then took a different role

for a multinational in London for
a couple of years.
What difficulties did you 1",
perience?
The hardest thing was the need
to start again close to the bottom
of the pile and be the person ;o
whom boring tasks are delegat
le at
ed rather than the one that delegates them.
The differences beIween the UK and
Poland are not
great with both
countries being
in the European
sphere, however the notable lack of the
utilhiog iultuence of reli-

on found in Poland, was

attractive to me.
The pervasiveness
of the class system and
class based orejudices.
particularly in southern England, is certainly something that
has to be seen to be
believed. It never affected me personally
as my alien status protected me from being
automatically placed
in a box the moment that
I opened my mouth, but it
was still quite shocking to
watch it.
The other thing that

I
t

vatthe bottom of the pile I ra dale

drabiny sprinczrrei
to delegate vth leg. taskul I alecafcat
kornat np.wykonaniezadanial
notable I wybitoy
latkof5th I brakczegoi
o stifle I dash zadasif, zdlawid
pervasiveness I wszechcbecnoti
prejudice I uprzedzenre
alien I lucudauziemiec
nb bother Sb I mnrtwii kogat, niepukoif
kogot
to perceive sth I zauwaad cat, dnstrzegad
cos

perhaps has always bothered me is

what I perceive as an almost pathological avoidance of disagreement and any
controversial or rettmtel intellectual
subjects.
What did you gain from the experience?
I think immersion yourself in another culture is always advantageous
because it makes you question the assumptions of your own social conditioning. It broadens your repertoire and
increases freedom. On a practical level,
developed near-native proficiency
in English, which opened up a whole
world of communication with billions
of people around the world.
Why and when did you move to
Scotland?
From the initial move to England in
the late 1990s, we went bock and forth
between Poland and the UK a couple
of times, but mostly lived in various
places in Great Britain. We moved to
Scotland seven years ago when t was
eight months' pregrant with my second
child, mostly for family reasons.
We lived in the countryside near
Perth for four years then were lucky
enough to be able to go travelling for
two years before eventually deciding to
settle where we are now.
Tell us about where you live and
your current lifestyle
We live in a small village on the
mainland on the north-west coast of
Scotland, close to Kinlail, Lochalsh
remotely I ru chat trach a riulrnnieJszyrs
ntrpniu
to immerse oneself in sth I pogryzat siy w
rztmt
advantageous I korzystny
assumption I aalaenie, hipoteza,
p ra y p U carom ie
to broaden sth I poszerzaf cot
back and forth I tarn i z powrnten
pregnant I w uyzy
to settle I osedbfsq
a sparsely populated I slabo zaludniary,
wyludniany
fairly I data, dosyf

English Matters '14 12014

and the Isle of Skye. We are a few minutes' drive from the Isle of Skye Bridge.
It's a sparsely populated area and fairly
remote, but also quite touristy in season. The nearest shopping centre and
cinema are two hours' drive away in
Inverness. Skye is a staggeringly beautiful place, possibly the most stunning
that I have ever been to, and certainly
top of all the places I have lived in. This
somewhat makes up for the bleak winters, the lack of 'civilisation' and the
rniges. Actually, lam not entirely sore
about the midges.
We are currently renovating the old,
stone house we bought, white trying to
deal with the day-to-day family stuff
and attemotinu to earn some money
to cover daily gEpgiibes. I do a bit of
freelance writing on the web as well as
occasional pieces of translation work,
although that isn't that easy to get remotely.
Why have you chosen a lifestyle
that is not 'normal?'
I am not quite sure if there was ever
a conscious decision to lead a nonmainstream lifestyle but to some extent,
I chose it because I could. I have some
regrets about the less tangible aspects,
particularly in the academic sense, but
I am not interested in collecting material tokens of status and achievement,
so as long as we can survive in circumstances anprnachino semi-comfort,
that's all I care about. I might regret
it if I were to find myself in desperate
staggeringly I zdaroiewajyco
Stunning I oltniewajqcy
to make up for sth I zrekompensowad
cog
bleak ponary, srrrytny, prrygnybiajycy
midge I musaka
to attempt to do sth I prdbewad cot rrobit
to earn I zarabiat Ipieniydael
expense I wydatek
to some extent I do pewnegr stupniu
tangible I numacairry, konkretny, matercalny
token I symbol, dowid
circumstance I okolicznott.fakt
to approach sth I zbhzaf sly do azegot

poverty and decrepitude in old age, but

I am not worrying too much about it
just now.
Do you feel integrated into the local community?
We have only been here for about
a year at so it's too soon to say. We were
certainly made to feel welcome by
more established people here, particularly other 'incomers' that have been in
the area for longer who also lead slightly non-mainstream lifestyles. Having
children at local schools always opens
Q links, and due to the area being remote there is a tot of community activity which you net involved inby default.
Do you ever net homesick?
I don't get homesick because my
home is here, although I used to feel
homesick for many years. Having two
definitely British children changed my
feelings and made a deeper link to the
place. Qyxail I have gone more and
more native with the passing years.
Can you tell us something about
your travels?
I have been to the rnfijQiily of countries in Europe, however the 'Big One'
was definitely the over-six-month trip
to Canada, Australia and New Zealand
that we took in 2010. We used a hospitality exchange network called CouchSurfing to save money and enhance
the cultural experience and it worked
miL.amazingly. For example, in three
months in Canada, we spent just one
week in hotels or hostels! It was the
people that we stayed with that made
the whole experience so special. They
not only let us use their snare rooms and
took us places, shared local knowledge
and points of interest, but told their

decreptitade I zniedolinierre
to open up sth I atwieraf cuf
due to sth I r powoda azegni
to get inooloed in sth I aogaiowoi ny
by default I z powudu broku urrych
kandydattw
total homesick I tyskrrif za domem

stories and opened their lives to us,

expat to immigrant, you start to get
Do you think you will stay in Scot- confused when people ask, 'Flow often
land?
U
do you go home?'
I can't see myself going back to Poland any time soon. The children are
*'The sky's the limit' is a popugoing through the UK education sys- lar idiom meaning there is no limit to
tem and we will most
what is possible. Here, the author sublikely stay here, for
stitutes 'sky' with 'Skye' to refer to the
that is their major
area to which Magda Henley fives Iethee, in terms of
such ward play is typical
the language and
of headlines to British
familiarity. Latjournalism.
er on, maybe we
will. In a way, once
you start being more of
a fj:fiflfieflt person, moving doesn't stem such a big
deal. Where to? No idea, yet.
Would you recommend
other people to follow in
your footsteps?
I would wholekeartedty
recommend travelling extensively and long term if you
can manage it practically
and financially. There are
many cheup(ish) ways
of doing it and anything
you lose by breaking up
a career progression, you
gain in experience; and
travelling with children
is much easier that you
might think. However,
at some point, you need
to claim a place as
a longer-term home
and stop thinking
of home as being
elsewhere.
Then, as you
change from

Wi

overall I w suumie, ugilnie

majority I wykszodd
to enhance sth I rwiykszyd art, spattyowod
to work out I ponieti siq, udof sic
hostel I srhrooisku
spore room I wulny pokij
tether I ladcuch, uwnt pyto

English Vastt.n auinuia

in terms at sth I pod waglydum caugni

transient I ponjerdry
to seem I dawoi s,y
wholeheartedly I gorycn. colyrn 500cm
to manage sth I dowot sable rady z czymt
to breakup sth I praerysai Gui
elsewhere I fire irrdziej
a confused I zdezorientowoey, zmleszany

Though people were much more preoccupied with finding explanations for fortune and
misfortune a few hundreds years ago, superstition is by no means a thing of the past.
Have you never felt anxious when a black cat crossed your path? Have you never hung
a horseshoe on the door to avoid bad luck, or worn a silver four-leaf clover on your neck as
a ipcicy charm? In today's world we might not try to explain anything DAsty that happens
like they did in the past, in the past when nearly all the plagues, fires, miscarriages and
other misfortunes were blamed on broken mirrors, walking under
adder
a l or a horseshoe
hung up the wrong way; many superstitions are still part of our lives.
I

good luck szczhcie, fart

superstition

I preesyd, cabobon

lucky charm I amulet talizman

bud louis I peub

by no means I ass trothy, w fadnym wypadku

though I chociaz

anxious I zaniepokojony

nearly I prawn

to cross 5th I przejdd przez cot pnzeciyd(nu

miscarriage I porunienix

to be preoccupied with sb/sth

I byf

rusty I paskudny, nioprayjumny

zaabsonbowanyrn czyosk

drogyl

fortune I szczgEcie

to blame sth on Sb I obaruzyd kogod

I padkowa
four-leaf clover I czterolrotna koniczyna

winy za cod

misfortune I pooh, nieszczqkcie

horseshoe

ladder I drabina

modem Britain, a lot of young and

old people still believe in good and
bad lock and perform certain irrational actions, which are supposed to
R
help. So, what are the most common
symbols of fortune and misfortune in
the UK?

Good Luck
Horseshoes are often hung on people's front doors to give protection
against bad lock. In the past horseshoes were made of iron, which was
believed to protect against witches,
devils and fairies. It is important how
it is hung - never hang it up with the
opening pointing downwards - or all
the luck will run.out ef it.
Equaliy if you come across a horseshoe somewhere, then it's thought to
bring you tuck. If you find one tying
around somewhere, you need to follow
certain ritual, picking up the horseshoe with your right hand, snittiue on
one of the ends of the horseshoe and
making a wish. Then you Ihuass' itayfit
your Ieft,.yhauider, and leave without
looking hack to see where it landed.
Hopefully, you don't hit anybody who
happens to be walking behind you at
the time. I don't think they'd cttiasies'
it lucky!
In Britain, it is also lucky to meet
a black cat. You don't need to be
scared if it crosses your path. It just
means that the cat has out noticed you.
Thai's why black Cats are on so many
greetings cards in Britain. If a tabby
1 t perform sth I wykanVwaL rod

fairy I srdzka, drszek,

Eu czarOwnIca
opening I otwarta Strom
pointing I tuskerowany fl. W fore)
downward, I w dit
to ran out of sib I ta:uriec z czegod
equally I tak sarrrt
to coma across sb/sth I natknyi se na
krgod/coi
to pick up sb/sth I podnieid kogtd/cnd
to spit on sb/sth plod ra kogot/crit

or grey cat comes into your house

and wants to stay there, that is a sign
that you will get some money. You
should be careful though if a black
cat follows you. Black cats are supposed tube the familiars of witches or
warfociso, so if one is following you,
it is bad luck - a witch is after you.
Cats can also gggjcI the weather . if a cat sneezes, then rain is on
its way. But if a cat is sitting with
its back to the fire, a storm is on its
way. Finally - if a cat is sharneuinn
its claws on a table leg, that is a sign
of a change in the weather, usually
for the better.
It is also considered good luck to
say "white rabbits, white rabbits, white
rabbits" on the first day of the month,
before uttering any other word on the
day. Rabbits were believed to bring
good luck in the putt, so many people
wore a rabbit foot round their necks as
a lucky charm.

More Lucky Charms

If you plan to visit the hairdresser,
plan the dale Carefully - if you choose
a date when the moon is waning, it
means you will have good luck.
If you buy new clothes, it is recommended to put money in the pockets then even more money will come your
way.
A walk in autumn also gives you
chance to attract some luck - if you
catch fatting leaves, every leaf means
a lucky month next year.

One of the
most terrible bad
omens is breaking
a mirror. It means seven
years of had luck. In the old days,
it was believed that a person's soul
is in their reflection, so if you break
a mirror, your soul is damaged too,
uurnjng you to an early death, or even

to throw sth over Qua's shoulder I rzucr! cod

przez ramiy
to consider sth 0 I uwazod cot taX
tabby I kot prygawany
a to follow sb/sth ) podyeod za kimd/czymi
warlock I czarownrk, czarnoksiyznik
to predict sth I przewidzied cot
to sr000e I kicheyd
to sharpen sth I ustrz/t cot
to utter sth I wypouuadad cod
Bean I przybyaad)kstzyca)
it is recommended I zaleca sly, duradzu sly

o to deny sth to sb I s/maniac krrrc,d

czegod, uniomozliwiad komud zrobienin ozegod
to wash sth away I zmyd cot
namely) a mianuwicle
opposite I przeciwieistwo
to pass sb/sth I ru.mlnydkogot/rut
to keep one's fingers crossed for sb/to do sth
Orzymad kcruki za kogat/za zrubienie czegod
to avert sth I rdwrdce cod, zopobegaf czemud
to stumble) potkrryf sry

English Matters 4012014

Bad
Luck

to doom sb to sth I skazywod kogod

PAP
you access to
heaven.
Howr, there is a way
out - if you pick up all
the broken pieces and throw
them into a river or stream, then
the bad luck will be "washed away".
You should also by any means avoid
walking under a ladder. This superstition originated from the Bible, pggfa,

ENC

assuming I przyJmuJyc, it;

zakladajyc, ze
to spill sth I rszsypai rn
to counteract sth I praeciwdaiaiaf canmul,
zapoblec czenlui
Mono; I w pomieszcaaniu,
pod dauhers
to arise I powstai, narodeid siy
spoke I dratlparasolalspringtrigger I spryifflaspustu
to release sb/sth I owolnid kogoi/cui; ta r
awolr,d op. spryzyrltl

Jacob's ladder between heaven and

earth. People seemed to believe that to
climb a ladder or to walk up the stairs
meant luck, because this is the way
towards God. Going under a ladder
means the opposite. This is similar to
passing someone on the stairs - if that
happens, then you should keeD your
Sneers crossed to avert bad luck. However, if you stumble on a staircase, it is
a good omen (assuming, of course, that
you don't then fall all the way down
and break your neck).
It is also unlucky Io.opjll salt. If you
do, you most throw it over your left
shoulder to counteract the bad luck.
If you open an umbrella indoors
this might also bring misfortune.
This superstition arose in Victorian
England. to the 18' and 1911 century,
unbrellas were made with bard metal
ignites and a spring Irieaer. ifeiesifn
that spring to open the umbrella could
be dangerous to any ftggjle objects
nearbi not to mention eyeballs and
there were many jitjnries caused by the
opening mechanics of umbrellas.
It's also bad luck to put new shoes
on the table, because it invites your
imminent death, In Elizabethan times,
a miner's family was usually informed
of their death by placing the miner's
shoes on the table.
Tea drinking is surrounded by
many superstitions which differ from
one county to another. Wiltshire folk
believed that it was a bad omen if boiling water was poured into an empty

fragile I delikatni,kruchy
,
nearby I a peblia
eyeball I galka mar10
injury I uruz, obruzetie
imminent I biski, rychip
miner I girtik
to place sb/sIb I urn;ejsrawiad ku(tiluoi,
stawui kogod/rof
folk I lud, chbop;
to pour sth into sth I nlewatctiwcoi
6 t scatter sth I roasyppaai cot
doorstep I prtg

English Matters 4412014

pot - you should not forget to put

the tea-leaves in before the water. In
Worcestershire dry tea-leaves were
sometimes scattered on the front-doorstop of a new home, to protect it from
evil spirits.
If two women pour lea from the same
lea pot, it means one of them will become pggggggg. A female visitor must
not pour tea in another woman's house
either - it also foretells ore000ncv.
Animals and their behaviour are often considered as good or bad omens.
If a dug is howling at a door, this is
an omen of death, and if a dog sybjates
when a baby is born, that baby will
lead an evil life. If a ipaggatsyt enters
a house, it is an omen of death to one
of the people who live there. In some
areas it is believed that to avoid bad
luck, any sparrow caught must be immediately killed, otherwise the person
who caught it will die.
It is believed very unlucky to keep
the feathers of a ggggngk at home, or
handle anything made with them. This
is because of the eye shape upon these
feathers is the evil-eye, associated
with wickedness.
Superstitions refer back to old beliefs and might add colour to life, however sometimes they might be a way of
explaining your own failings - for example, when you fail your driving test,
you can say "I was unlucky because
I spilt some salt in the morning." Just
don't take it too seriously and make
sure you prepare better next lime. U

pregnant I a dydy
to foretell sth I przepowiodoi coy
pregnancy I oi4ia
to howl I oE
towhina I skamlat
sparrow jasktka
peacock I paw
to handle sth I trzlrlai mi
wickedness I podluG, n;egudziwcti
to refer beck tooth I odwolywad sig do uzeguf
failing I n;epowodaenie
to fail sth I oblai ctt lop test)

by Katarzyna Szpotakowska
Almost ten years after Poland joined the European Union, English
Matters has asked our compatriots what their lives are like in the UK and
in neighbouring Ireland. Has their English dream come true, or are they
deeply disappointed with living in exile? The accounts presented below
should satisfy the curiosity of even the most inquisitive readers.
D

compatriot I rodak
neighbouring I sitsiadujqoy
deeply I gltbnkt
in exile I na tbcinie
amount I relacja
inqxisitioe I donekhwy

Marek Kazimierski
London
arrived in the UK in 1985,
as a young political refugee
escaping Communism. Since
then, I have graduated from
several universities, taught
English and ottt various arts
initiatives. Recently, my book
"Damn the Source" about
Polish migrants in the UK, was
published.
I find life in England quite
different from Poland, which
I visit several times a year.
I love working in the UK, it is
a very orderly and calm place,
where you can get things done.
I taught English in Warsaw
a few years ago, and I did notice
Polish bureaucracy and general
issues around workplace bnllyr
itig and inefficiency much more
pronounced than in England.
llgpsigyer, I feel much happier
spending nun-work time in Poland. It is a more diverse place,
in terms of history, architecture

and cultural activity. I find Poland seems p.jr my creative

juices more than England. t like
walking, travelling, meeting
people, hearing their stories. In
England, there is a sense of accomplishment and stagnation,
whereas in Poland there is mach
yet to he dune, a lot of bad vibes
to eradicate from the national
consciousness. That excites me,
as writer and translator.
Ailbotigh my publishing
house OFF PRESS is now
moving away from publishing
Polish books in English translation, into new languages and
gettrgp. I want to keep a strung
relationship with Poland. Maybe through publishing or making films or other projects, such
as working with prison arts I also edit Not Shut Up, a prison
arts magazine, and see a lot of
similar initiatives happening
in Poland right now (such as

English Matters44I2014

p:d

,
,I j

W Kratky, a magazine supported by

Wysokie Obcasy, or a recent exhibit ion of prison art in Centrum Kultury,
Lublin).
Qyggoll the work and money situation in the UK is getting worse and
worse, through a recession which is refusing to pass (banks, companies and
he government are making recovggy impossible), but great art was
always created in times of trouble. Such times are now,

i refugee

I uchodica

to eradicate sth I usuwaf cab

to graduate from sth I skobczyf cis, byf

absolwnntem czegoi
to run sthl prowadzrf cob, zarzydzat cnymi
bullying I terruryzuwanle, zastraszanle
inefficiency I nokompoterrcja, niaskatocznoif
pronounced
however

tu:wyraiey

I jednak/in

to stir sob I cbudzd cob, wabudof

a sense of accomplishment I pocucrespelnienra
whereas I pcdczos gdy
bad vibes I zieflaidy

consciousness I iwiadomof& mentalnoff

eltough I rhouoi
to muse away from sth I przen. udchodzif od

czegof
genre I gatarrek (litaracki, filmony)
ueuhibition I wystawa
overall I podsumowujyc
to get worse and worse I pogarszaf sly
to refuse to pass I tuinie ustypowat
recovery I tu. ozywrene ekunomiczne,
uzdrowienre gospodarki

Aneta Rapacz
London

yname is Aneta and I am

recent university gtgits
ate. I have
been living in London
since 2007 and t have tosay
it! However,
to the UK was
my intention.
that ~eevertheless one
sunny day just
after school
I was sioing

on the bench with my dearest friend,

who was passionately trying to convince
me to come along with her to London to
start studying. I wasn't very keen on
her idea, but then I suddenly thought
"I have nothing to lose,! can always come
back". And that's where my story begins.
I arrived in London in June 2007 and started looking for a job. It wasn't easy, as my
English was still at a development guano
and I made millions of mistakes. But in
order to earn some money! had to put my
shyness aside and start talking. After one
month I got a job as a sales assistant in
a high sneer fashion shop in a busy shopping town. The first months weren't easy.
I had to provide excellent customer service, which means talking to people and
offering them advice. But it was a great
way to practice my English. After a few
months I was able to talk about almost
anything. However, I need to mention
that on my way to and from work! was
a graduate I absoiwent

fentotitly studying books with English

vocabulary and reading newspapers. The
atmosphere in my job was very nice. I was
working with people from Slovakia, the
Czech Republic, Italy, Netherlands and
Germany. A great miattire of characters
and languages! We become good friends
and tried to meet as much as possible after
work, which wasn't easy as everyone lived
in different parts of town and the distance
was great. After a year, I commenced
university, while continuing to work pact
time in the shop. I graduated in 2011 and
started an MSc course at a different university. I also changed the location of my
job. I moved to a smaller shop (still the
same brand) where! took vu a position as
part time Assistant Manager. I gild that
ggjtion few months after! found my first
graduate job as an Administrative Assistant at Imperial College, London, This rote
is totally different to my gtuyigias experiences, as now! am working ona lone term
to work part time I prarowaf w ninpnlnym

nevertheless I niemnrej

wyrvioran gudzin

mixture I mraszonko

MSc (Master of Science) I mogister nauk

icislych l ub prayrodnicaych
to take up a position I objyf stonowisko
to quit position I zrezygnowaf Ce
stanowiska
previous I uprzrdni, papraodni,

distance udleg loft

wcaefniejsay

In commerce sth I rorpnczyf cob

longterm

jednak
to convince sb 00 do sth

I przekonaf kogoi do

zrobenia coegni
phase I lara,ntnp
fervently I gorllwie

English Manors 04120t4

I dlugoterrvrnowy

project, providing administrative help to

the Project Manager. I and responsible for
answering telephone gggtits entering data
intothe database system andgjjjngg
for meetings with the research
narticlnantto I work Monday to Friday
from 8am to 4pm, which is great, because
I still have some time for myself. However,
there are days when t need to stay longer,
but t do not mind as I am paid for it. The
atmosphere is great, I have to say that even
have a stressful day, my boss and my
colleagues are very helpful and always give
me a big smile. I strongly believe that the
work culture in the UK is totally different
than in Poland, and a good employer really
cams about his workers, as they are very
valuable assets to him. There are many oppnrtnnities. Iwish to continue my career in
the UK and hope to start one of the graduate
schemes, as they are very well designed for
young graduates and offer many paths for
personal and professional development

if

Iquery I zapytanie

to schedule sth za/planowaE cot

appointment I rotorme
research I badanie
participant I arzestnis
assets I zasoby
path I droga, iciezka
a on the other hand I a drugiej strony
to be exposed truth I doiwiadczyf
czegoi, zoznat czefos
apart from I oproca

To sum up, what I have learned during those years is that the working environment in London is changing very fast
This is a good and a bad thing. You meet
people; gel to know them and then they
leave. On the other hand, you are exoosed
to new experiences all the time. Talking
about new experiences, the best thing
have found in London agniLfIom a multicultural community and giygmi was
our own Polish community. Iris amazing
to see how young people are devoted to
their country and ggggtg promote Polish
values and qualities. I am a member of
the Poland Street Association, which
encourages Poles to participate in initiatives and events which aim to strengthen
our national identity whilst building and
maintaining positive relationships with all
communities living in the UK. In March
we organized a fnneloisine concert to
collect money for former Polish WWII
soldiers living in poverty hack in Poland.

community I spoferzsott
dloersily I rornorodnoid
devoted tooth I oddany czemut
ea,gaindnsth I cFytnydozobieoautegsd
ta encourage sbtndosth I aachqcaf
Ingot do zrob enia rzegot
to strengthen nIh wzmucnluf coi
fundraising I charytatywny
rio canine sb/nIh I wIrzaf kogot/rot,
nbejsrowaf kofuf/cud
volunteer I ochotnik

Dawid Roczniak
Bracknell

name is Dawid. I am
27 years old and I started
my UK experience buck
in 2007. Alter I finished
my studies in Poland
I went to Scotland io.ggLn some working
experience and test my English pgg
citicg The city I chose with my friends
was Aberdeen. The accent in Scotland
is very hard to understand, and it took
awhile Is gel used to that. At times it
sounded like a completely different Iangauge. During my time in Aberdeen

I worked at a buoyancy
factory, making kstxs
for oilrigs. The thing that
was most difficult for me
culture-wise was that everybody expected you to call them by
their first name, even people mach older
than you. I have rarely heard any offi
cial titles used when people address each
other. It took some time to get used to the
idea that I should call people older than
me, or my manager, by their first name.
After my stay in Scotland I moved to

English ManorS 44 2014

In November, for the W time we cleaned

Polish graves at British cemeteries involving volunteers and Polish schools.
And we celebrated our 8
birthday, inviting everyone to join us at a Roller
C
(
Disco - a club where
you dance while
'
wearing roller skates.
But there is much
more that we have
already done and are
planning to do. Soil
you live in London,
come and join us to
help a good cause and
have great fun. London
has a lot to offer you
just need to work
hard and eniov

'

working experience and should help you agency workers are treated worse than say that British people are very polite
gel a job in the future. Unfortunately ftiffgime emniovees. although this is not and helpful. Most of them are used to
the gay is usually around the notional always the case. I am living and work- change and are very tolerant. The bigger
minimum (a minimal wage amount in ing full time in a Waitrose warehouse in cities, however, are too crowded for me,
the UK that an employer must provide) Bracknell near London at present. It is and I prefer quiet little towns like Brackand there is no guarantee of working on a nice quiet town and I enjoy living here. nell, where most probably twill stay and
a renular basis. I also experienced how From my personal observations I can live my life.
to gain 5th I zdnbywui aol
prnficienry lb eginhi
it took awhile I uplynIn trochy czasa
a buoy I bog, plawu
nit rig I platfurma wlertnrcza

to address each other I twracat siq do siebie

a stay I pobyt
a unfortunately I restety
pay I pIaca,satradzenIe
wage amount I n5Okotc zarobkiw

an a regular basis I regu urnre

I peincetutowy
employee I pracownik
warehouse I magazyn, hurtawnia
u crowded I zatisazony
sCull time

Agnieszka Czekajlo
Newcastle upon Tyne
ye been living is
Great Britain for nine
years. Together with
my husband we settled here and snLlig
or family; we have
two amazing suns.
eing a parent was the
iriggc_r that

convinced me to start my home-based

kindergarten. Before I came to England,
I had worked as an au-pair in Austria
and Holland. Working with kids has always been my dream, and a challenge
I've wanted to meet. I started a career
as professional childminder four years
ago. Before that thud tn,uttottd an riorey
of courses preparing me to be able to
take care of kids.
Being a childminder is a wonderful,
but, first and foremost, responsible job.
Every day means new adventures and
new challenges. The job require planning and supporting the development
processes of kids. It is gyitagiel important to be able to communicate with
parents. At work. I do appreciate that
I get to know very interesting families, as we live in England and families
are often multinational. Often parents
want their children to be exposed to the
Polish language and to be able to use
the language, which is why they choose

my kindergarten. I do my best to try to

teach kids about Polish culture. We celebrate Polish holidays and all the other
important national events. We read
Polish fully tales and poems. I teach
kids Polish songs.
Kids participate in local events. We
visit libraries, museums, playgrounds
and many other places, where we become familiar with the English Iangouge and culture.
This is very serious job. I play with
the kids, observe their development and
plan an individual approach towards
every child. I also have In deal with
a lot of paperwork. All the documents
are checked every three years by Ofsted
- the English counterpart of the Education Office in Poland.
Running my own business gives me
a lot of satisfaction. I ggg all my successes In myself, which makes me really
proud. Every day is a challenge, which
is extremely interesting.

4 t set up sob I zakiadaf cot

first and foremast I praede wsaystkrro

to require sth I pomagof czegoi
extremely I agtkown
5 playground I plac aahaw
counterpart I odpowledrik
to owe 5th to oneself I zawdziqc2at cod sobie

trigger Ito prayrzyna. boiziec

kindergarten I przedszkule
childminder I opiakanka do dziacku
to attend oUr I ucztszaaf nacol
array I szereg

111inglinsh Matters a4 2014

Marta Jabloska

Hull

y adventure with the

UK started nine years
ago, when I was young,
university educated and
a little bit disappointed
with the prospects of life in my country, where finding a ggngjble job was
next to impossible.
When we first came over here, we were
all optimistic and enthusiastically looking
forward to this new experience, though we
felt we might be facing a little language
barriecOver the first days in the first Job,
which was then picking and packing toys
and nfoIfoiiesy in a warehouse, most of us
in no time lost all the confidence we might
have had that we could actually communicate in English. It was quite humiliation
to find out that having learnt English for,
say, ten years in Poland, we really sisng
gjggljg understand or speak up (and be
understood!). The strong accent of 'Hull
English' didn't make it easy either.
It took a fair amount of time and effoti to actually settle in, get used to the
left-hand side traffic, local pronunciation,
English food and a variety of differences
in people's ways of living, pgg.iigtes and
manners. It was certainly a good thing

that we didn't have it too easy, like you get

nowadays, with Polish shops, mechanics,
doctors, Polish-speaking staff in hunks,
offices, recruitment agencies and so on,
and we were forced into learning English
'the hard way'.
In fact we and our fellows who came
over with us at that time were among the
first Poles in the town, and meeting someone speaking Polish on the street was rather aram thing those days, but we still managed to get to know a number of our fellow
countrymen and quite a few of those contacts have lasted until now. There was also
a handful of us, and friends of ours, that
started organizing all sorts of initiatives
for our fellows, starting from Polish community meetings, where people helped
one another yg. 00t any official paperwork for accommodation, work and social
benefits. Then, gnstbooly. we managed to
establish our Saturday school and
perish.
One of the initiatives was
hulI.pI - a website started by
friends of mine who I had
come to the country with. II
soon became very popular
for all its content: information

n sensible I twseostwrry
to fore sth zroierzyf siz tayort
stationery I artykaly piirriernicze
confidence I pewnttt siebre
humiliating I apakorzajycy
to straggle to do sth I zrrogoi sig by roe

tons and so on, as well

as news on local attractions and events
cuorpleoreoted with
classified advertising. Now, though
Ins quite settled in
'the English world'
after all these years,
I still keep finding
hull.pl very useful for
myself and popular
with Polish people
not only from Hull.

10

"

effort I wysrtek
pastime I rtzrywka
to fume Sb into doing sth I zmusii kogtl do
zrobrenro czegoi
handful I garstka
to sort out sth I rozwiyzpoai cot
accommodation I zakwatesnwarrie
gradually I strpoiroa
to establish sth I 2alozyt cot, ustasourd rot
complemented with sth I ozup&nronyo cot
to settle I tsiadat, osiedlaf sic

flgIiSfl

Mattel-Saa1201a

Agnieszka L.
Dublin

JW

was gggijy 7 years ago when my

feet touched the green ground of Ireland. It was February and Poland was
covered in a white carpet of snow,
whereas Ireland offered a green
lanket of grass and about 10 extra
degrees. I was really charmed by
the friendliness of the Irish and
their constant search for the 'craic which here means fun. I work
in one of the many American softcompanies in Dublin which are
attracted by preferential corporate taxes
in Ireland. What I really enjoy
a nearly I prawle
7 marred I pokryty
constant I sygly
preferential I aprzymiejnwany

about working and living here is that

multiple cultures and languages jgigrtwine, which makes it a great experience.
So among my colleagues I can find Irish,
British, French, South American, Australian and many more nationalities. The
Irish welcomed the Poles with open arms,
and we are now the second biggest population here with over 122,000 Polish residents. flierefoig, be warned that if you are
Iff101Iflif to comment on somebody's oatfit while walking along the busy Grafton
Street, you might be quickly responded to
in fluent Polish.
s to interwine I przeplataf siy
therefore I diategn, n rwiqeka 2 twin
to tempt sb I kasif kogot
a predictable I przewidpaalny

at some stage I tu:w pewnyrs mumencie

as far as u is/are concerned I ed!: chndzi a
to engage in sth I angazuwaf sgw cot
to sing ob I obgadpaaf kogof

Lukasz Samek
Darlington

\
came to
England

is August
21)05. The
first place
I lived was in
Darlington

w
mainly I glownie
ardent I lorliwy
On take place I odbywai se

Dublin is a really friendly city with

very predictable weather: you can predin that it will rain at some mane (almost)
every day :) As far a Dubliners are.gyga
cgrngii, you can be sure that you will talk
to many of them, especially if you visit
one of the many pubs in the city. Dubs
ungaggiit conversation easily and, if you
are lucky, you can even be daUd by one
or two of them! Stagging is a real sign of
friendship so don't take it personally if you
are exposed to that during your visit to the
fair city of Dublin. Here's to Polish- Irish
friendship: Sldinte!

- a town in the northeastern part of Eng- in many situations. I use my knowledge

laud. I left Poland mainly because lwanted
tubs with my then girlfriend - now wife Dommnika. Additionally, I was motivated
to go, because I loved travelling, leaming
about new cultures, people and languages.
As an ardent football fan, I dreamt of being able to see with my own eyes the best
league in the world. Immediately on arrival, I tried to participate in all the events
taking ulace is the town, which is why
I'm a member of Darlington Round Table
and Darlington Town Twinning & International Association. Professionally, I'm
an administrator at HC - One. Apart from
that, I'm adirectnrof Middlesbrough Futsat
Club, which plays matches in the top league
in England.
I graduated from studies in Poland. My
Bachelor of Arts in Business Administralion enables me to stake use of my skills
to enable shin do 0th I umazliw:ui knmut
zroisenie czogoi
nendeavour I przedsl1)wzrtcie
to take part in nIh I braf adzialw cOrel

a,gIn ett'. 4412014

and experience while organizing meetings

of Poles with the local police and governing bodies. One of the latest endeavours
I've been engaged in has been the Polish
Film Club. As I'm very much into journalism, I inform Poles about current events
as well as write about history. I've written
for polnews.co.ak, potskachata.co.uk, and
the magazines: 2B, Emigrant, Polish Zone
and also Ddmag. For a few years, I was an
editor of the Polish column in The Northern
Echo, Many times I took part in radio pmgrammes for BBC Radio Tees.
Despite the numerous opportunities and
positive sides of leaving your homeland,
I'm still aware of some disadvantages. The
most important ofiurehucis is being away
from my family. Fortunately, the Internet
and cheap flights enable me to contact my
friends and family on a regular basis.
despite I purist
lobe aware of 5th 11sf iwiodomym rzegnt
disadvantage I wuda
drawback I minus, wadn

Longuoge Roopers
by Daniel Sandford

When actors fluff their lines, it's often featured at the end of a film as a funny extra.
For language learners, saying the wrong thing can be a great cause of embarrassment
though, and may even put them off speaking in the future.
ome people have no hang ups
over making linguistic mistakes. Their ego is fully intact
whether they call a coat a gQt,
or mistake doggy for dodgy.
Poles, in general, are much more fretful about the possibility of making an
error; some to the point where theyget
themselves in a bit of &flgg and gggrngi
to correct themselves, quite often incorrectly. This results in a breakdown
in the flow of conversation. It sounds
like a needle stuck in a gramophone
record.

The common ffge that people fall

into usually depend on their level of
English and their native language. Egyptians, for example, are not able to differentiate between b and 'p', Chinese
smiggie with 'I' and Y. Poles londto be
quite self-conscious of being unable 10
replicate the very soft English 'r' sound,
but as there are native accents that null
then as well, it is not a fatal error.
more noticeable is Polish
learners' inability to hear the difference
between certain vowels.
This is often the case

o blooper I gal u, upadka

to fluff one's lines I put. sppnyf sig
to feature sth Izanrtiszrzat cog przedstauaicog
embarrassment I aaaenowanie, zaklopnlanie
to put sb off I zoleciryof kogni do
r hang up I pot, aahunsowanir
intact I nietknigtp, nlesaruszuny
gnat I iota
doggy I pesek
dodgy, I pndejrzafly, szemrany
fretful I strapnrry, zaniepokojtny, draili
to get into a flail wpadaf w paniky
to attempt to do sth I prtbnwat cot zrobi&
asilowat cot zrnbif
needle I tu:igla w gramnfnnie
atofall into a map I wpati w palapkg
to straggle with sth I rniei trudrrotn
totend to do sth I prtyuwai tendencjg do
czegnt
to be unable to do sth I nie bit w stone
czegot zrabri
fetal error I hlqd kryrgczny

noticeable I going uwagr

inability I nezdolsntf
vowel I samogloska
ration I pragdziul, ruqa lop
oyntnntniotva)
duty I obnwizek
to pall up on sth I
obs,torcowai za cot
to get away with sth I
uchodzrd no saoho
to pickup I rzaabraf cot,
odebrat cot
to ensure I aapewoiaC
zutwarantowat
to pronounce sth I wynnewiae cot
to dabble I chiapat
to babble I puplat, belkntai
4 O the other hand I z drugiej strOey
to marry ob I brat tlub a krmt
Christmas I Sayta Bniegn
tlarodzena Merry Christmas! Wesnlych daaqtf

flgII.h Ma15ww4412014

with the 'oh' sound in the word Russian.

Most of my students could not differentiate between the words 'ration' and
'Russian' when listening tea native.
When it is a teacher's ditty In curearl a studeul, you may be pulled up
on things that native speakers get away
with. Take the word 'comfortable', be
careful 00110 sound like Taman coming
in ftckgg some furniture 'Come for table'. I usually gttsttce that my students
pronounce comfortable with a silent
'or' and the 'table' so it rhymes with
dabble or babble. The same applies

I'

to vegetable where the second e' is not

sounded. The American pronunciation
of the word on the other hand, is somewhere in the middle of the two.
There's also complication surrounding well known public holidays. Marry Christmas? Well I could,
I suppose. I would be showered with
gifts. Heltoween are the leather-clad
Germans, not every ghoul's favourite
holiday Halloween, though I'm not
sure which is scarier. The peliscile
of a name day is foreign to the English native speaker, and a lot of people
will think you are haying them on if
you say it is 'your name day'. Yeah
right, putt the other one, mate. It is
little surprise, then, that calling New
Year's Eve, Syiwesler will more than
likely pull a few blank stares. To us,
Sylvester is Rocky, Rambo or a mischievous cartoon cat, the nemesis of
Tweety Pie. Perhaps the most hafflfltg
of all mistakes to a native speaker is
calling Easter, Christmas.
Language students often want
to discuss the Premier League with
a teacher. The inability to pronounce
names like Rooney and Clevertey
leather-clad I ubrany w skdrg
ghoul I upidr

properly may make for a tough conversation on both the listener and
speaker's part. The -ey ending on
these names is 'ee', something closer
to the Polish 'i' rather than 'ej'.Arsenal and Chelsea do not have the suffix London after them, they are clubs
in their own right, the same goes for
Everton and Aston Villa, Everton and
Aston being parts of Liverpool and
Birmingham uesoectivelv.

Iron Maiden
If a band from the UK or US visits Poland, sometimes their attempts
to woo the crowd fall no deaf ears, the
fans simply cannot make out what the
musicians are saying in their regional
accent. The same might be true of the
stars, who are equally baffled when
fans chant the band's name incorrectly!
Poland has quite a strong onitfinpepy of metal heads, a great proportion pronouncing one of their favourite bands quite incorrectly. The 'r' in
Iron Mattlitit is inaudible, as the saying
goes.. 'iron rhymes with lion'. Mistakes are not limited to pronunciation
but also nuoctuation unlike in Polish
drazrai siy z kiroi
mate I pot stur!.kampel
blank stare I obojytn1 wzrok; lu ada wane
spojrzenie
nnischie000s I psotny, elokiwy
nemesis I nemeajo
baffling I zaskukajycy, zb jajycy z Irupu
properly I jak na aby, stosnwriie
tough I trodny, riqzki
respectively I odpowiednit, w kulejnntci
to woo nfl zabiegac 0 czyjei wag ydy
to fall on deaf ears I traf of w prftniq
to make oth out I roasayfrowad cot,
rozgryzac ott
Ito chant sth I tu.skundnwoi cot
contingency I przypadkowoti; ru
reprezertucla
non I zelazea
maiden I dziew Cu
inaudible I nies1sza ny
punctuation I interpaekcja
quotation marks I eudzysldw

English

Matter. ulOnra

or German, in English, the lliiQltfiiQn

marks are on the Lop on either side of
the word, rather than the bottom left at
the beginning. Leaving Polish quotation marks in a document in English is
a sure way to make bad impressions,
because to us they took rotfuly.

A Step Too Far

It can be particularly cstniiigjiig
when people make an attempt to translate local place names so that Warsaw
has a Bank Square (P1. Baukowy) or
Jerusalem Avenue (Al. Jereznlimskie).
It's more trouble than it's worth. If
a tourist asks for directions using these
translated forms, it's likely to upipicy
potential helpers.
A similar situation 0ouii55 with 'pierogi' on restaurant menus, because pierogi are native to Poland and her Eastern neiahbours it does not translate
well into English. Some menus make
do with the word dumpling a rather
general term for boiled balls of dough.
Others are much more creative, 'pockets of dough' kind of gets the point
across, but it lacks finesse and doesn't
exactly sound aouetising. It could be
top I gOru
no either side I to ubu strnnach
bottom I dii
untidy I nieporzqdny, niedbaly
particularly I szozegile e
confusing I dezuriertujycy
muse trouble than it's worth I wiycaj zachiodu
niz to jest warte
directions I oskueloki 1w tdpncs edri rio
pitnne 0 dropil
to perplex sb I wpruwif kugot
w zakinpotanie
similar I podobny
to occur I wystgptwaf, zdorzyf
siq
neighbour I sisiad
dumpling I kiucha, kioska
boiled I gntnwarry (w wodzie)
dough I ousto
pocket I kieszei
finesse I finezja
appetising I upetyceny

worse
_____________________ though,
I once happened
upon
a Vietnamese restaurant selling needle diahU instead of
noodle dishes. Ouch!
Despite these common tjjg.gp, there is
plenty to draw from the
Poles' ability to speak
English. It is very cane
that someone's pronunciation is so pour
that it's not possible
to understand them.
Whilst the overall level of English
is not yet oaa..g&r
with Scandinavia
or Netherlands, they
give a lot of the other countries a run
for their money, outperforming southern
neighbours with ease
and leaving France and
Spain in their wake.

to being corrected, take notes, do lots

of homework and go into lessons enthusiastically with a smile. Pre-intermediate and long-term intermediate
students tendon be stuck in the wrong
place regarding grammar, they have
hang ups when it comes to talking, and
normally interrupt themselves, too.
The combination of listening and
reading at the same time works wonders, there's a plethora of audio books
on the market these days for language
learners, and if you're a tele viewer
you'll be glad to know that in countries like Holland or Portugal, where
films are typically onleifled, people's
English is usually far stigegior to those
that prefer dubbing or voice-overs.
Catching the latest instalment of
*Come Dine With Me, could in fact do
wonders for your language abilities. It
is rare that you meet a Polish film.ttff
with a poor command of English.
-Come Dine With Me is the UK ver-

What Can I Do?

The old adage, practice makes perfect may
not be very original but
it certainly applies where
languages are concerned.
Some intermediate stndents seem reluctant to be
taught, and go into lessons boil
headed, even defending their errors
and claiming they are right! Those
that improve quickly are usually open

I
a dish I potrawa, donie
noodle I tu:z rnakaronu
despite sth I pommo rzegoi
slip op I pttkniyoe
to draw I ozerpad tubrad r kogod przyklad
it's rare I rzadko
to henna par with obtith I stof on rfwni a
bmi/rzymi
to outperform Sb I przewyzszai kngti

with easel a latwoicig,latwn

ten take notes I robif nntntki
to leone sb/nth in its wake I pozostawiat rot/ to be Stunk I etc utknyf
kogod za trig
plethora I btgtctwr czegtf, sodmiar
adage I pnrzekadls, przyslowie
to apply I tU:mIOC zasttsowanre
subtitled I a napsarrri
intermediate I iredran zaawansowany
superior to sth I lepsop od coegof
reluctant I niechytrty
anioa-oaer I gins lektora
boll headed I aparty
instalment I tnroddoek
to defend sth I brorrrdrzegof
film hoff I zopoitny kintmnn

SngII.k Matt.r.4412014

Ploying God,
or o DevLshL U
Good Ideo?
by Robin Day

In the last decade or so, phenomenal strides

have been made by scientists in unlocking
the secrets and harvesting the potential
of stem cells. But what exactly are stem
cells and could scientists really use
them to regenerate body parts, cure the
incurable and solve an environmental
crisis?
UnravellingStem Cells
All human life isjits off with a group
of cells which multiply into an embryo,
which at five days old contains around
100 embryonic stem cells in what's
known as a blastocyst. At this point
the cello are at their gat and on the
threshold of morphing into one of the
220 cell types found in our bodies, such

as heart, that eye or___________

muscle, that go together to make us. On top
of this, left to their own
devices these indomitable
critters have a limitless ability to keep on dividing into new
cells. That's why embryonic cells
are the gold standard of stem cells;

a devilishly I diobniska
stride I pa5t5p
to harvest I zbnrot plooy
stem cells I komirki macierzyste
Scientist I naukowuec
to regenerate sth I odtworzyd cot, Odradzat
the incurable I ninaleczalnie chomp
a to anraoel sth I to: rrzszyfrowaf, rozwiklaf
taj earn a is p
to kick off I pot. rozpoczynae sip
to nattiply I ntmrioivf sip

to corsair sth I zawinrud cod

pore I azysty, klarowny
or the threshold ofsth I aproguczegod
to morph into sth I to: proeksztalcod se w
cod
sliver I wytroba
to levee sb/sth to their own devices I
pocostawiad kogod /codsamemu stole
indomitable I rainzloannp,
nieustraszony
critter I stworzenie

they offer scientists the finglin chance of

creating any type of organ or body part.
The second type of stem cell is called
an adult stem cell and these are found
throunhout our bodies, such as in the
heart, bone matrow. skin and gulp. They
act as repair fill for their hots organs and
lie dormant until they come into their own
when we damage or wear away, such as
when we get a bggllg. Without this reserve
team on hand, we'd all too easily give up
the ghost. A key distinction between the
two stem cell types is that adult stem cells
are multipotent, meaning they're restricted to their organ and can't transform into
any type of stem cell. However, they can
llgdogio a partial metamorphosis by l
yiiiittg and creating new stem cells, copies
of each other, ma heart stem cell can create a new heart stem cell. The term 'adult'
stem cell is a hit of a misnomer as they're
found gupuffy in adult humans as well as
youngsters and infants.
The umbilical cord is also a rich mine
of various adult stem cells, as well as possessing some cells which are very smaller
to embryonic stem cells. There's a growing trend for parents to store their newborn babies' coeds in a cord blood bank
- meaning that the donor can lapintu their
'stem cell account' throughout their life very possibly future life-saving resource.

Growing Organs
Real life appears to be catching up with
B-toted Sci-Fi movies, as it's now feasible
to grow beating organs such as brains and
hearts from stem cells lila laboratory. This
year, scientists in Austria succeeded in
gmwing 'mini-brabis' by immersing stem
cells in a gel that stimulated their natural
growth into a miniature brain complete
with lore-brain and cerebral cortex. The
experiment enabled the medics to see how
a gpug mutation caused a condition that
leads to abnormal brain growth, and by
replacing this gene they reversed the itur
puirtpcnt. Scientists hope to develop these
achievements to look at how autism and
schizophrenia form in the brain.
Stem cell therapies concentrate on replacing diseased tissue or organs with

replacement parts grown from stem cells

ideally taken from the patient In the
States, adult stem cells extracted from
a patient waiting for a transplant were
grown in ajgfi and transferred onto a scaffold that mimics the organ's movement,
in this case a pig's heart, which had had
its awn cells drained from it. As the cells
were the patient's own, the organ proved
eJtutitcl meirit, and years of waiting for
a suitable donor were eliminated. So stem
cell therapies could onaigli the donor card
to a footnote in history.

The 'Building Blocks' of Life

world's burgeoning appetite for meat, as an

exploding population means we won't be
able to satisfy every carnivore's cravingfor
dhatugehiags. In 2013,thewotld'sfitslstem
cell fat-five hamburger was given a mug,
warm reception, with fond critics declaring
it to be 'close to meat though not that juicy'.
Created using stem cells horn a dead row,
the cells were moulded into muscle tissue
which gjgp together to form the meat
As a million pailfes mold be made from
asingle animal's cells, synthetic meat could
reduce the world's environmental footprint
by 601/. and sale our love affair with the
humble burger though the ynk' factor
remains a PR's worst nightmare.

Stem cells have been coined the 'building blocks' of life, and those in the know
believe the ability for us to 'repair' ourCure or Curse?
selves may lie in embryonic stem cells.
So stem cell research is really itt its inScientists at the University of California fancy as the medical world experiments
studying the regenerative abilities nfaao-- with their possible uses and how they
cies of salamander, which share similar function. When stem cells divide they
cell structures lathe human embryo in its create new organs, but there's a flip side
first few months of life, amputated a sala- because as they segregate, 'rogtie' cells
mander's arm then witnessed its regrowth can distort into diseases, such as cancer,
without any scarring. A second experi- and foetal abnormalities. Scientists are
ment took place at the university involving still getting to grins with how cell division
members of the US military who'd been works, with the aim of potentially preventrngirngd in conflict. A tantalizingly named ing or reversing them laflteijotis.
concoction called Pixie Dust was created
using a high protein pig's bladder which
The Debate Railes On
was placed into the wound of a soldier's
In a nutshell, the ethical debate reamputated finger. The protein acted as volves around the use of embryonic stem
a homing device to the patient's own stem cells which have to be removed from
cells to regenerate the finger. incrgdihl
a blastucyst. Most embryos that are used
the stub of the amputated finger begun to in Stem cell research are spare fegfflizcll
reform, It's early days, but the studies in- eggs donated by couples undergoing introdicated stem cells could be manipulated to fertilization treatment However, as exgrow replacement halls.
tracting the stem cells means killing the
embryo, then this is seen as tantamount
The Possibilities Are
is abortion by most religious groups. AlEndless,,.
ternatives could be to make mote use of
From ending obesity to dealing with di- the embryonic stem cells in our umbilical
abetes and giving patients with spinal cord cord, while scientists have also managed
byntias the chance to walk again, the po- to reprogram an adult stem cell to revert
tential for stem cells use appears endless. In back to its embryonic like state a very
2008, surgpuiirs in Barcelona successfully real solution to this ethical dilemma.
operated on Claudia Castillo, who had conWhatever road we take in nijiloibog
tracted tuberculosis, by replacing her soiroifo stem cells, whether it be in the food chain
pigg with one taken from a cadaver which or on the operating table, it seem we're
was then coated with her adult stem cells.
only on the cusp uf getting to grips with
Stem cells may also boa solution to the and exploiting their toll canabilitirs.

English MatteS 4412014

solution I rozwiyzanie

fleeting I to krbtkotwaly

impairment I upobledaeoie

throughout I w catym

achievement I osiqtniryin

such as I table jak

extracted from I pobrany ad

carnivore I miysoderca

lab= laboratory I luboratorium

craving for sth I pragnienie czegob

I rusztowanin; kobciec
drained I 005qczony, odprowadzony
to he perfect match I idealnie pasowad
consign sth I odeslad cob, skazywat no cob
footnote in history I relikt prze5z1abo
building block I kiocek, modal konstruknyjny
in the know I dobrze point ormowany
ability I zdolnobb
speoiee I gatunek
scarring I okulecznie
maimed I okaleczony
tantalizingly I zwodniczo
concoction I mieszuninu, m:kstura
dust I prosank, Ptl
bladder I pychnrz
wound I rare
incredibly I niewiarygodnie
stub I kornec, kikut
to Indicate sth I bwiadrzyb a czyrnb
limb I kokczyrra
obesity I otylobt
diabetes I cuknzyca
spinal card I rdze krygowy
injury I uraz,obraznnie
surgeon I chrrurg
tuberculosis I grutlica
windpipe I tchawica
cadaver I zwlaki
coated I pokryty czymb

chump chop I kotlot z polydwicy baroniej

bone marrow I szpik kostny

guts I pot wrrytronobo, kiszki

scaffold

kit I zestam(nip. piemvszej pomocyl

dormant I ubpiony
until

I uz do

bruise I siniak

I rozrflieflle
to undergo sth I zuznat czegob, przejbb praoz

distinction

to divide sth I podonlit cot

misnomer I niewtabciwa nuowa
equally I w rbwnym StopflirJ
youngster I miody, chlcpak/mtoda dzeoczyno
infant I nremowly, male dzincko
umbilical cord

I pypowina

mine I kopulnia
similar to sb/sth I podoboy do kogob/ozegob
donor I dawcn
to tap into sth I siggad pa cob
account I Pu: bunk kombrekl
to appear I tu:wydowat sig
to catch up with sb/sth I dogaoiat kogob/cob
ifs feasible to do sth I stn:nje modliwobb
to succeed in sth I odniebb nukces w
to immerse sth in sth I zanurzat cob w czymb
fore-brain I przodomhzgowra
cerebral cortex I kora mbzgowa
gene I yen
to replace sth I zustypowad cob, wymirniab
cob

a burgeoning I rosnycy (op. apetyt)

lukewarm I tu:chlodny
though I jrdnulc ale
juicy I soczystv
moulded I uformowany
tissue I tkartka
clumped I to: zbitwbryly/masy
patty I AmE tamburger
to sate sth

I zospakajab (rip. upelytl

curse I klytwa
in its infancy I ax powiiokanh
flip side I drugu StrOiSa
rogue I lajdok,lcbuz, nicpcn
to distort sth I wVpaczaC cot zdetonrnowub cob
tootal I plodowy
to gel to grips with sth I zmierzyt sign czyrnb
infliction

I to zodanie

to rage on I tutoczyE sig op. debatul

inarstohell I krbtkomdwiyc
to resolve around sth I obracab My wokbl
fertilized I zaplodniany
tantamount to sth I r6w002naczny z czymt
to manage to do sth I poradaib sobie
whatever I obojytninjaki
to utilize sth I wykorzystywat cot
or the cusp otsth I to: oprogu
capability I to. poteaclay

Wszystko do nauki jzyka angielskiego!

Mcsnr
Oot

can'. uu.0

PK-74, W
RE

IV
1,M

DG,PRD

Petna oferta na www.jezykuobce.pI

I
haso: English

Bond

- Lois, Guns, Godgek

o n d G z rr 0 5
by George Sandford

ECOIjEn matters 1 2014

They say that the only

difference between men and
boys is the price of their
toys, so James Bond must
be the envy of many a male,
with more gadgets than
you can shake a stick at.
English Matters inspects
's selection
the suave
of tasty cars and snazzy
accessories.

Nice Motor!
Being debonair handsome and as
cool as a cucumber goes along way to
ensuring that you are always surrounded by a bevy of beauties, but perhaps
just a little of 007's pulling power is
down to his immaculate taste in motors. A standard family four-door saloon just wouldn't do, and whilst you
can expect to find a rear view mirror,
glove compartment, steering wheel
with indicator stalks, gear stick, accelerator brake and clutch in a Bond car,
it's there that the similarity with the
mundane ends. Aitliouh Bond was
originally supplied with a frightfully

British and rather stawely Bentley, it is

another home grown make with which
he is most strongly associated; namely
the Aston Martin DB5 and later the
Aston Martin Vanquish. Aston Martin
was formed in 1913 and developed into
producing luxury sports saloons, nonto
pntiitg for many years in the Le Mans
24 Hour Race, Standard Production
models have always been available to
the general public but are affordable
only to high rollers.
The Bond editions were deliciously
designed, and equipped with increasingly more technology, such as forward
facing machine guns, rearward spraying water jets and mother-in-law repelling passenger ejector seat. The DB5
was released in the public in 1963 and
first appeared in the Bond film, Goldfinger, a year later. Finished in a stylish
silver birch colour, it included trademark chrome wire wheels, full leather
torn, thick pile rngpgt and electric windows. The powerful four litre engine,
producing a top speed of 143 mph, is
still impressive, but a 0 to 60 acceleration time of eight seconds seems a bit
laboured by today's standards. This
grny gas guzzler required twin petrol
tanks to keep it fuelled. Nunetheless,
it's a car any man would be pmttft to
be seen in and naturally, it's a two door
and two-seater: a eouseherrv in the
back would ggp a smoothy's style.
For the younger Bond fans, an association with the manufacturer Corgi led to
the production of a toy car version.
However, Bond's cars make him
rather conspicuous and easily spotted
by gggrnIgo, soon the subway of Tokyo
in You Only Live Twice, he shuffles
into a personal subway car and above
ground uses Tiger Tanaka's Toyota
2000GT, gypicie of course, with a TV in
the dashboard for video conlerencing.
Bond has always toddled a fine
line between timeless classicism and
state of the art technology and has not
been averse to the occasional upgrade,
sitting, for example, behind the wheel
of a Lotus Esprit with amphibious

English Matters aalati4

0 gianro I gadoet

difference I rlinica
envy I zazdroii, zawidi
more than you can shake a stick at I pnc tyle,
rear girwo bnli; zotrzysienre czetoi
mane I ctWtrny,
spy I szpieg
snazzy I tdlotowy
a debunair I czarajycy
as real as e cucumber I spnkojny, npanowany
tnensurethat I gwarantowaf,e
bevy I stodko
immaculate I eteskazitelny, nirnaganny
whilst I ptdczas gdv
rear view mirror I lusrerko wstrrzrr
glove compartment I schowak w samochtdzie
steering wheel I bierownica
indicator stalk I przelycznik(np. kierunkowskazu)
gear stick I daign:azmiaoybiegdw
accelerator I pedal gaza
brake I hamulec
clutch I sprogyir
mundane I przyzlemny, prrznirzny
although I chociai
supplied with I wyposadony w
frightfully I potworrse
stately I nspanialy, okazaly
another I kzlejny
to compete I rywalizowaf, konkarowaf
high roller I hazardaista, ryzykant
equipped with I ayprsozonyw
rearward I do tytu
birch I brzoza
wire wheel I krla z drarranymr
szprytharni
leather trim I sklrzane wykonczenie
carpet I dywan
greedy I lapczy, zachianny
gas guzzler I poreroce paliwa
nonetheless I nierrrniellednak
proud I damny
two-seater I ptjaed dwamitjscowy
gooseberry I ra przyzwoitka
cramp one's styte I prrrsekadrai konrul
manufacturer I producrnt, wytwdrca
conspicuous I rzucqycydgwuxy,eecrnmlqcyuaagg
enemy I wily
replete I pelny
dashboard I desko rordrielcra
to straddle I twwstrzaliwai sly w
fine lire I bliski zwiqze durku granica
averse to sth I przeciwnycaemui

canabilities and submarine propellers.

The car, feature in the 1977 film, The
Spy who Loved Me, and affectionately
known as Wet Nellie, recently ish
555,000 at unction. If you are looking
to giekop a second hand Aston Martin
used in filming, you'll need the spending power of the millionaires featured
in Casino Royale, with ex-film models
fetching up to $2 mln. Perhaps your
best bet is to go for a toy replica, but
even those don't come cheap; a set of
six James Bond Aston Martin DB5 toy
cars produced by Corgi rocrtoih sold
for 7,000 at auction in Kent, their value ritlosil because the cellophane had
never been removed from the boxes and
they remained totally untouched.

and piloting gliders and all manner of

exotic airborne conveyances. This has
included the 'get me outta bore' Bell
Rocket Belt in Thunderball and the
Wallis WA-116 Series 1 gyroplane,
codenamed Little Nellie; that's easier on
remember.
As much of the drama often takes
place at sea, Bond also needs to be
aquatically idroit.
A gondola that converts into a hovercraft aids his escape in Moonraker, in
which film we also see a hydrofoil with
torpedoes. He also uses a motorboat disauised a crocodile, although it seems
hard to imagine how you might mistake
one for the other. Below the water, when
he's not in a mini-submarine, he
donoa high powered jet pack
to give him the advantage
Air, Sea and Gun Power
over other submarinAs you would expeA
ers and, of course, an
a super hero, Bond is
underwater infra-red
alsoadabhand when
it comes to flycamera is fitted as standard.
Being a jiiy_Food..ggg,
Bond would prefer on
settle matters with
some Queensbury Rules
fisticuffs
if possible, or
perhaps
W,lther P99
a spot
of kung fu
ing
aircraft, hopping aboard eveand karate, but
rything from helicopters to an Acrostar
BD-5J mini-Jet aircraft in Octopussy,
from time to time
i capabilities I mozliwodcr, charokter
propeller I to iruba napydona
Factored I przedstawinny
to fetch sth I prryniehf(kwot(
to pick op I ruzdnbai
recently I ostalnio
value I wartoif
to raise sth I poanosif cot
to remove sth I usunyf cod
untouched I nienuruszony
to be dab hand at sth I mini ziote ryce do
czegoi
a glider I seybounc
adroit I zryczny, twins5

to convert into sth I prznksztalcii us cod,

proerobit w cot
hovercraft I poduszkowiec
disguised as I przebraey za
to don sth I prrywdzewoi nec
infra-red I podczervunry
jolly good egg I poczciwiec, pozytpany
Cd 0 rakter
fisticuffs I bjatyko na piydcr
to resort to sth I ucinc siy
do Czegoi
firearms I bran palna
lightweight I lekki
marksman I strzelec

English Rsattefla4:2014

he needs to resort o the use of firearms.

On the insistence of M16's resident gun
expert M, his original rather girly, flghl
weight Beretta is replaced by his enduring Walther PKK and later Walther P99.
As you might expect from an agent with
nerves of steel, he has a steady hand,
is an excellent marksman and equally
at home with a ride, pulling the triagec
on models made by famous gnu makers such as Colt and Winchester - John
Wayne, eat your heart out.

Q* the Gizmos
One of the most enjoyable scenes
in any Bond movie is the spy's aioitJrii
visit to Q Department to he killed out
with the latest ingenious deyjc.t. These
have evolved from the primitive ook
tritppeti case and poison den pen to all
manner of weird and wonderful gadgets.
Many of these were futuristic at the time
but are now a reality, such as the miniaturised tape recorder in From Russia
with Love. Then we get onto a biometric finger print scanner in Diamonds are
Forever - although Bond is ready with
some fake fluaernrints and how about
the Seiko G757-5020 watch used in
Octopussy that features a video link to
M16 and a tracking device? You might
describe it ax a prototype smarlwatch.
These days, Bond still wears a watch,
but the Skyfall Omega version is a complete communication system which can
also shoot out laser beaus; if you ask it
nicely, it will probably boil you an egg as
In beat home with sth I dnbrze si
onientowaf (a temacre)
rifle I strzelba
topull the trigger I potiqgeyd za spnst
to eat one's heart out I zzerai
2 zazdrotri
annual I coroczny
kitted out with sth I ZaupatrZony w cot,
wypnsaznny w cod
ingenious I pnmys4ou
device I urzydzenie
booby-trapped I a podl000ny bonby
dart I rzutka, 5trzalka
weird I deiwny, dziwaczny

well. Naturally, Bond's Sony Ericsson's

K800 phone has GPS and a super fast
shutllot camera action but what about the
more exotic propo used?
The collection of bizarre and just
Plain...aftitems includes an exploding cigarette lighter exploding alarm
clock, a bugged Faberge egg and
a swimming suit in the style of a Mania
Ray. Q also tests a sofa based on the Venus flytrap concept, perhaps in hornge
to Johnny Depp being eaten by a bed in
Nightmare on Elm Street, and he also
demonstrates a plaster cast broken leg
from which a wheelchair user can fire
a missile - if you've seen Helen Bonham
Carter in The Lone Ranger, this might
sound familiar. Look out for thedecapitating tea tray!
So are such devices just the realm of
fantasy or do they bear any resemblance
to real life? Sometimes fact can be
stranger than fiction. In September, 1978
on Waterloo Bridge in London, Bulgarian dissident writer, Georgi Markov,
was shot and died three days later. What
makes it unusual is the method used,
which was apollel containing the poison
ticiut, shot from the end of an umbrella.
For more everyday spying activities,
a visit lo American company Brickhouse
Security, shows that many of the items
seen in the movies can be easily obtained. This includes the Spark Nano 4.0
GPS Tracker, ideal for private dicks following unfaithful partners, and for a bit
of industrial espionage, gpo, you
fingerprint I rdosk poira
beam I wizka, stramiei
shutter I migawka
prop I rekeuizyl
bizarre I dziwaczny
plain I pt prostu
daft I dump, zwsrrOwafli
item I rZeCZ
lighter I zopolnirzko
bogged I z zalozooym podsiuchern
in homage It sb/nIh I w holdzie komui/
czemui
wheelchair I wizek iflwalidzki
missile I pocisk

could pick op a'

Shot HD Hidden C-,Pen for under USD 150. For those
interested in wire ignpplg, Brickhouse
provide advice on hard and soft wired
systems and the rsngtut1 acoustic and
radio transmitter bogs available, while
adding a cautionary word about checking the legality of such activities; no
such problems for James Bond.

Enduring and Evolving

How many Bonds can you name; Sean
Cannery, Roger Moore, Pierce Brosnan,
Daniel Craig, George Lazenby? George
who? After replacing the rather 11 and
ageing David Niven in On Her Majesty's
Secret Service in 1969, he was offered
another film but turned it down, believing there was on future in the character.
Over sixty years since the publication of
lou Fleming's first hook Casino Royale
in 1952 and over fifty years since the
release of the first Bond film, Dr. No,
James Bond is still going strong. There's

to beam a resemblance to sb/sIb I hyf

podoboyrr is kngol/czrgtl
dissident I dyspdetcki
pallet I kulka irutu
rinin I roryoo
to obtain sth I ozpskmusof cob
unfaithful I ritwierriy
espionage I szpiegnstwt,wpviad
perhaps I byf rota
tapping I zak+odaoin podshuchu
to provide sth I zapewniaf cog
range of I asortfment, wybOr cregot
limp I slab

EgIIfl Mtt.'s 4412014

every likelihood that he will continue to

morph into the guise of new, leading actors, continue to be seduced by yet more
beautiful women and attacked by evermore dastardl yffisins, but with the diii
of a high tech accessorised classic cat
and increasingly curtaing lechno toys,
Bond will nonchalantly 1ggh them
osuiie then plg avery dry Martini; his.en, not stirred.
Language Nate
*Q the Gizmos - to cue - is to prompt
or provide a hint on to what will follow.
Here cue is replaced by Q - a play 00
wards referring to Dept. Q
to turn sth dawn I odaucaf cob
release I wejbcie no ekrany
likelihood I prawdopodtbirnstsso
seduced I uwredzionp
dastardly I ptdl0, nikczrmnp
villain I fajdak,lctr
with the aid of sb/sth I zpomorykogoi/
czegos
cunning I przebiegly
to bush sb aside I zignonowaf, rdsuwuf to
Irk
to sip sth I sycoyf cob (np. wino!
shaken, not stirred I wstrrpbnigte, flit

Ice [Umb'ing
on EHLreme SporL For
';RdroLine Junkies
by Michal Mazurkiewicz
"It's about how something can always change during
the competition. I love the feeling of the unknown,
tha sudden fail, the ice is always changing. It's not
predictable."
Maxim Tomilov, Russian ice climber
you are fond of winter sports and
look for a thrill of danger, why not
try ice climbing? This exhitaratittg sport requires the same knowhow as alpine climbing, a head for
heights and excellent physical fitness,
Of course, it is extremely risky. You
may fall into an icy ggygsyg or he overwhelmed by an gygiyncite coming out
of nowhere and come to a sticky end
but if you are lucky, you will rgggg_d
this sport as tremendous fun,

What Is Ice Climbing?

In brief, it is the act of climbing frozen waterfalls or other ice formations

Ad

if

ojunkie I pun
Fell I spadek
predictable I pzewidvwalnv
ztn be fond nf sbtsfh I lobli kugok/cal
thrill I dreszcz, dre5zctvk
exhilarating I 000cjOrlul4cy
to require sth I wymagaf cregof
extremely I wyjqtkowo
treoasse I szCzelIlla Iodowrowa
tube overwhelmed by sth I to zootaf
pochtoniylym przez cot
avalanche I lawiria

E,.011fl Mtt.'

4412014

which are usually reasonably vertical.

In the adrenaline and adventure spectrum of mountain sports, ice climbing
mast rank fairly high. Not to put too
fine a point on it, sometimes it is like
playing Russian roulette, as besides
having to climb op sharp, slippery
walls, daredevils very often airtiggie
with capricious weather, There are a lot
of techniques and equipment you can
use when ice climbing. Climbers rope
up for safety and use specialized sharp
metal crampons and screws as well as
ice-axes with double-sided heads to
move themselves up. To the tininitiatg, climbing a vertical pillar of frozen
to come In a sticky end I kopnqi w kalendarz
to regard sth as XI postrzegatcoijakoX
tremendous I wspanrafy,
nresamowrty
besides I opricz
slippery I iliski
daredevil I ivutek
to struggle with sb/eth I zrvagaf sq z kivrk/
cayot
crampon I raki
eec I topr, toporek
uninitiated I nlewtalemniczony

Maxtor Tnrrrilon

water seems impossible. It goes without

saying that intense training is crucial to
he confident on Ofggg ice.

History of the Sport

Ice climbing evolved out of rock
climbing and other mountaineering
activities. The first known competition
was organized in Italy in 1912 and after
that the popularity of this extreme sport
grew gradually in Europe and in North
America. In the 1970s ice climbing
took Russia by storm which resulted
in a cmu of numerous brilliant Russian climbers in the following decades.
Competitions at Courchevel in France
were also well known. Nowadays,
World Cup events, which take place ntt
ntigiiy, are the most important and gcgn
ligiolis ones.

Types of Ice Climbing

There are three basic kinds of ice
climbing. The first one - speed climblug - is racing up an ice face to reach
the top in the best possible time. It is
very dynamic and has the advantage
that observers can easily understand
what is going on, and records can he
made and broken. Another kind is lead
filltgbiiig, where there are two goi2icigggg who co-operate with each other:
lead climber and kgjgygx. Points are
given for scaling the most advanced
ice climbing routes. The third variery boulderino - is performed without the

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Wydawnictwn

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annually I cc roku
prestigious I preshinu
to make a record I ustanawiaf reknrd
lead climbing I prtwadaenie razaJ wspinaczkf
participant I uczestnik
belayer I osobuosekurajyca
to scale sth I wspnof sir no col
satiety I tdmiana
bouldering I wspioaczko pa kilkarnetruwych
torrsacjach skalnych bez asekaracji

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use of ropes or burnetoes, only bouldering mats are used itrptxvnnt injuries from
falls. In this case, climbing takes place on
rock formations measuring no more than
six metres from base to top.

Best Climbers
Looking at the results of the World Cup
2012, it is easy to notice a large number
of excellent Russian climbers, for example Maxim Tnmiov, who dominated the
last World Cup by winning most of the
events. His brother Alexey is also a high
Met. Interestingly, in the summertime the
brothers work as construction workers
on high-rise buildings, then they gadgL
islet a gtooiiittg regime of training and
in winter they transform themselves into
ardent sportsmen. Aa far us the women's
competition is concerned. Russian climbers, like Maria Tnlokonina, and the Italian
Angelika Reinerhave distinguished themselves. There are also many good climbers
from Korea, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Slovenia.
Switzerland and North America, but many
countries famous for their climbing traditions still do not have any representation
in this sport.

America Ice Climbing

Paradise
Some of the most popular destinations
to ice climb are in North America, mostly
in Alaska, but also in Colorado and in the
Canadian Rockies, which boost some
of the best ice climbing in the world.
Valdez - located in south Alaska - has
a very rich history of ice climbing and

its own annual festival, which attracts

large numbers of climbers, attracted by
fabulous frozen waterfalls and glaciers.
Onray in the stale of Colorado is also
considered one of the world's premier
ice climbing locations. It is the site of
the Oumy Ice Festival, which was first
organized in 1906. The famous festival
is five-day event with numerous attractions for climbers. The Ouray Ice Park is
a manmade ice climbing ycnn_e operated
in a spectacular natural grgg just outside the town of Onmy. As for Canada,
Carnotite a town in Alberta - is worth
mentioning. Surrounded by the towering
peaks of the Rockies, it is a mecca for
outdoor enthusiasts, with plenty of skiing
and climbing opportunities.

What Does the Future Hold?

The jaggogijeg popularity of pursuits
involving the difficult and dangerous has
resulted in ice climbing having a great following. This extreme form of climbing is
slowly being recognized as a professional
sport. The goal of the UIIA (International
Mountaineering and Climbing Federation)
is to organize Ice Climbing World Cup
events, promote the sport and increase
worldwide participation. Avery important
step forward is the fact that ice climbing
will he included as cultural event in the
Sochi Winter Olympics in 2014. There are
also plans to make it a fully Olympic discipline. The spurt's broad gogoal may help
achieve this ambitious goal. Ugapitti it being a relatively young sport, it can be quite
U
optimistic about its future.

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ANOIELSKI 1AIIJIE[SKI
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