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Test Information
Test Name

Prosthodontics 1 and related Dental Materials

Total Questions

200

Test Type

Examination

Difficulty Level

Difficult

Total Marks

800

Duration

180minutes

Test Question Language:- ENGLISH


(1).

The buccinator muscle fibers run in the buccal shelf area overlying the bone :
a. Horizontally in Mediolateral direction
b. Vertically in anteroposterior direction
c. Horizontally in anteroposterior direction
d. Laterally
Solution. Ans.1. refer boucher ,10th edi.
Buccinator muscle runs in anteroposterior direction horizontally in buccal shelf area ,therefore doesnot act perpendicular to denture to
dislodge it.they run parallel to denture border and thus is passive muscle
Answer. c

(2).

Submucosa of retromolar pad contains :


a. Glandular tissue
b. fibers of buccinator and superior constrictor muscle
c. Pterygomandibular raphe and terminal part of tendon of temporalis muscle
d. All of the above
Solution. Ans. 2.refer Bernard Levin ,page 37
Submucosa of retromolar pad contains : Glandular tissue , fibers of buccinator and superior constrictor muscle , Pterygomandibular
raphe and terminal part of tendon of temporalis muscle .it is primary retentive area where pressure within physiological limits can be
applied.It also provides stability and support, maintains peripheral seal and also provides an idea about occlusl plane( at junction of
anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3).it is relatively stable landmark .also preserved in resorbed ridges too.
Answer. d

(3).

On which of the following regions the mylohyoid muscle has no influence :


a. Sublingual gland region
b. Premolar region
c. Molar region
d. retromylohyoid fossa
Solution. Ans.3.refer bernard levin ,page 51
Mylohyoid muscle curtains the floor of mouth and affects the sublingual sulcus.ie the anterior lingual area/sublingual crescent,premylohyoid region,and mylohyoid region.Retromylohyoid fossa is not affected by its contraction .it is more affected by palatoglosus and
superior constrictor muscles .
Answer. d

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(4).

In case of extremely resorbed lower ridge, the numbness of lower lip is most probably due to
a. Vitamin deficiency
b. Compression of mental nerves and vessels
c. Surgery to lower lip
d. All of the above
Solution. Ans.4. refer zarb and bolender ,12th edi page 234
As resorption takes place in mandibular ridge, mental foramen lie closer to crest and in such cases ,nerves and vessels can get
compressed by denture base resulting in numbness of lower lip,so relief has to be provided.
Answer. b

(5).

The concept of Balanced occlusion is applied mainly to


a. Natural dentition
b. Removable partial denture
c. Fixed partial denture
d. None
Solution. Ans.5. refer zarb and bolender,12th edi,pg-318
Balanced occlusion is primarily applied to complete dentures as it provides contact in working,nonworking and protrusive movements
thus adding to stability to complete dentures,In some cases of RPD ,Not all,cases ofdistal extension RPD opposing CD,balanced
occlusion is provided.In FPd and natural dentition,balanced occlusion is considered as pathologic,so not considered.
Answer. d

(6).

Disinfection of alginate impression when immersion method is used shouldnot exceed :


a. 10 min
b. 2 min
c. 5 min
d. 20 min
Solution. Ans.6. refer Phillips,page 246
Recommended disinfectants for alginate:iodophors,bleach or glutaraldehyde and synthetic phenols.immersion shouldnot exceed 10
minutes otherwise distortion may occur
Answer. a

(7).

The main purpose of covering as much area as possible within functional limits by impression is to:
a. Distribute the occlusal stresses and increase the peripheral seal
b. Increase the bulk of CD which helps to retain the denture
c. To increase the bulk of CD to prevent its fracture
d. all of the above
Solution. Ans.7. refer zarb and bolender,12th edi 218.
The primary objective and purpose behind covering as much denture base area within functional and physiological limits is to get better
retention and support .This distributes the occlusal stresses to larger area and functionally moulded periphery provides the peripheral
seal.its not related to bulk or fracture of denture .
Answer. a

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(8).

Which material is carried in a custom tray:


a. High fusing compound
b. Reversible hydrocolloid
c. Metallic oxide paste
d. Irreversible hydrocolloid
Solution. Ans. 8. refer Zarb and bolender,12th edi 223
The custom tray is according to anatomy of patients oral structures .it is used with spacer within so that free flowing less viscous
material( zinc oxide eugenol) can be carried to make an accurate impression.for viscous materials ,stock trays can be used for
preliminary impressions( hydrocolloids and compound)
Answer. c

(9).

A maxillary alginate impression is removed with a quick jerk to prevent:


a. Syneresis
b. Permanent deformation
c. Bubbles
d. Surface details
Solution. Ans. 9. refer Phillips ,page 244.
Alginate impression should be removed from mouth atleast 3 min after gelation and not prematurely.Impression is removed with quick
jerk .as with reversible hydrocolloids,alginate are strain dependent.(easy to remove but rapidly) but no torquing or twisting forces
should be applied in an effort to remove it quickly.Thus, tear strength is increased when impression is removed with snap.
Answer. b

(10).

Gothic Arch tracing


a. Intraoral tracing device
b. Used for vertical dimension of occlusion
c. Records orientation of maxilla to mandible
d. none
Solution. Ans.10. refer Zarb and bolender,12th edi 288
Gothic arch tracing/high tracing is extra oral tracing used to record centric jaw relation .also it verifies the tentative centric relation.it is
based on point centric.Apex of tracing indicates centric relation.its the most reliable method to record and verify centric.its done using
high tracers or gothic arch tracers.
Answer. d

(11).

Clicking of denture while speaking is due to :


a. Increased vertical dimension
b. Patient with neuromuscular disorders
c. A and B
d. Decreased vertical dimension of occlusion
Solution. Ans.11. Zarb and bolender,12th edi 278
Clicking of dentures may occur due to excessive vertical dimension of occlusion with no freeway space. while speaking the dentures
comes in contact and produces clicking sound.also in cases of neuromuscular disorders like bells palsy,tardive dyskinesia, parkinsonism
where uncontrolled movement of mandible and tongue takes place may lead to clicking of denture.
Answer. c

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(12).

According to thielmanns principle of balanced occlusion if curve of spee increases, what should be done for this :
a. Incisal guidance should be reduced
b. Cuspal height has to be increased
c. Condylar guidance has to be increased
d. None
Solution. Ans.12. Refer Winkler ,pg 233
to achieve balanced occlusion ,thielmanns gave formula based on hanaus quint where
I.G *CG =plane of orientation*compensating curves*cusp height and angulation
So to provide balance ,if one parameter is increased on one side,the parameters on other side should also be increased .
Answer. d

(13).

The method used to provide space under a RPD framework to prevent tissue impingement by the prosthesis is :
a. Block out
b. Relief
c. Surveying
d. None of the above
Solution. Ans. 13.refer Mckraken 11th edi pg 181
Relief: using relief wax provides space under RPD to prevent tissue impingement by prosthesis
Block out:using block out wax eliminates undesirable undercuts.
Surveying: procedure to deliniate height of contour.
Answer. b

(14).

which of the following agent is used for cross linking agent in Heat cured denture base :
a. Di butyl pthalate
b. Benzoyl peroxide
c. Hydroquinone
d. Glycol dimethacrylate
Solution. Ans.14. refer Philips ,page 156
Composition of heat cure resin:liquid and powder
LiquidMethyl methacrylate,dibutyl phthalate(plasticizer),glycol dimethacrylate(1-2%)-crosslinking agent ,hydroquinone(0.006%)-it increases
the strength,rigidity and overall improvement in mechanical properties.
Answer. d

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(15).

The incisal guidance that assures the maximum stability in a denture is :


a. 15 25 degree
b. Zero degree
c. Less than 15 degree
d. 45 degree
Solution. Ans.15. refer winkler 2nd edi pg 243
Incisal guidance is based on overjet and overbite of anterior teeth.in case of complete dentures ,ideally should be kept to minimum zero
degrees in order to achieve balanced occlusion,and thus maximum stability.
Answer. b

(16).

Hanaus quint is related to :


a. Centric occlusion
b. Centric relation
c. Balanced occlusion
d. Compensating curve
Solution. Ans.16.
Refer Winkler ,pg 233
Hanau quint is related to balanced occlusion.it is based on 5 main factors :incisal guidance,condylar guidance,compensating curves,plane
of occlusion,cuspal height and angulation.
Answer. c

(17).

Realeff effect refers to :


a. Excessive bone loss due to increased occlusal load on abutment
b. Contact of posterors on both working and non working side
c. Ability of a displaceable tissue to mould or adapt to the prosthesis
d. Inflammation of underlying tissue due to increased occlusal load
Solution. Ans.17. Refer winkler 2nd edi
Resiliency like effect or realeff effect as named by Hanau is due to resiliency of oral mucosa it may vary from patient to patient.it may
affect the jaw relation,try in and balanced occlusion.Due to resiliency and displaceability of mucosa,the prosthesis adapts and moulds
well .occurs more in severely resorbed mandibular ridges and anterior maxillary ridge(specially flabby)
Answer. c

(18).

The limit of mandibular opening by pure rotation of condyle is :


a. 10 mm
b. 15 mm
c. 25 mm
d. 40 mm
Solution. Ans. 18.refer okesson,temporomandibular disorders,3rd edi
Mandible till first 25 mm of opening shows pure rotation.After this it has to translate forward otherwise compression of pharyngeal
structures maylad to asphyxiation.
Answer. c

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(19).

the most frequently used mandibular major connector is :


a. Lingual bar
b. Labial bar
c. Kennedys bar
d. Lingual plate
Solution. Ans.19. refer mcCraken 8th edi.pg 53
Lingual bar is most commonly used mandibular major connector.it is half pear shaped fabricated from 6 gauge wax and indicated f there
is atleast 8 mm space between active tissues and and margins of teeth.therefore its width should be atleast 5 mm and 3mm away from
gingival margin.
Answer. a

(20).

Which of the following may result if an excessive amount of monomer is incorporated into an acrylic resin mixture :
a. Excessive expansion
b. Excessive shrinkage
c. Low impact strength
d. Excessive brittleness
Solution. Ans.20. refer Phillips,11th edi,pg-726
The polymerization of denture base resins results in volumetric(21%) and linear shrinkage(7%).Excess monomer in resinous mix will lead
to excessive polymerization shrinkage and difficulty in denture fit and clinical use.The accepted p:l ratio is 3:1,volumetric shrinkage can
be reduced to 6%(0.5% linear shrinkage).
Answer. b

(21).

The highest flame temperature is that of :


a. Hydrogen
b. Natural gas
c. Propane
d. Acetylene
Solution. Ans. 21. refer Phillips,11th edi,pg-612
Various heat sources:
Gas
flame temp
heat content
Hydrogen
2660deg
2362kcal/m3
Natural gas
2680 deg
8898 kcal/m3
Propane
2850 deg
21221 kcal/m3
Acetylene
3140 deg
12884 kcal/m3
So highest flame temperature acetylene
Highest heat content-propane
Answer. d

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(22).

Cross sectional form and dimension of lingual bar major connector is :


a. 4 Gauqe full pear shape
b. 6 gauge half pear shape
c. 6 gauge round shape
d. 4 gauge flat shape
Solution. Ans. 22.refer to question 19 explanation.
Answer. b

(23).

Beading should have a depth and width of approximately :


a. 0.5 to 1mm
b. 1 to 1.5 mm
c. 1.5 to 2.5 mm
d. 0.05 to 0.5 mm
Solution. Ans.23. refer mccraken 8th ed pg 44
Beading -0.5-1mm width or depth in cast partial denture is done to ensure intimate contact of major connector with palatal tissues,to
provide visible finish line for casting,to transfer the major connector design to investment
Answer. a

(24).

Freeway space is defined as :


a. Vertical dimension at rest vertical dimension at occlusion
b. Vertical dimension at occlusion + vertical dimension at rest
c. Vertical dimension at rest
d. Vertical dimension at occlusion vertical dimension at rest
Solution. Ans.24. refer Boucher ,10th ed,pg-274 ,
Freeway space is VDR-VDO. It should be around 2-4mm.it should always be present as it provides rest to oral denture bearing tissues
when teeth are not contacting.if its obliterated then ,residual ridge resorption and other problems of increased vertical dimension
follows.
Answer. a

(25).

Analysing rod of dental surveyor is used to find out :


a. Depth of undercut
b. Blocking of undesirable undercuts
c. The tilt at which the model is to be surveyed
d. The position of clasp
Solution. Ans.25. refer ,stewart 2nd edi pg 223
Analyzing rod surveying tool is first tool attached to surveying rod to analyse the parallelism of various surfaces of tooth and thus
determines the tilt of cast is to be surveyed.Depth gauges tool tells about the amount of undercut present on the abutment,so type of
clasp is decided according to that.
Answer. c

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(26).

The most rigid palatal major connector is :


a. Antero posterior major connector
b. U- shaped major connector
c. Broad palatal plate
d. Single palatal strap
Solution. Ans.26.refer ,stewart 2nd edi pg 28amongst all these maxillary major connectors the most rigid is A-P major
connector(strap>bar).U shaped is least rigid ,it tends to flex laterally when forces are applied.
Answer. a

(27).

One of the most important function of the clasp besides retention is :


a. Contralateral stabilisation of the RPD
b. Distribution of stresses to abutment tooth
c. Prevent the lifting away of the denture from tissues
d. All of the above
Solution. Ans.27.refer ,stewart 2nd edi pg-68
The requirement of clasp assembly :stability,support,retention,reciprocation,encirclement,passivity.All these are explained in the options
given in question.
Answer. d

(28).

A ring clasp is used :


a. In bilateral edentulous conditions
b. Always with a supporting strut
c. On tilted on molars which are used as abutments
d. Both B and C
Solution. Ans.28. refer Mccrakens 8th edi pg 97
Ring clasp is indicated on tipped molars (mesiolingual tip in mandibular and mesiobuccal tip in maxillary)as this is long length clasp,so
very flexible,so supporting strut to prevent its distortion is provided
Answer. d

(29).

The aim of mouth preparation in a patient with trauma from occlusion is :


a. Distribute the stresses on more teeth
b. Change the direction of the force from horizontal to vertical
c. Increased the soft tissue resistance by periodontal therapy
d. All of the above
Solution. Ans.29. refer Mccraken ,8th edi pg 35
Mouth preparation is done prior to final /definitive procedures to improve prognosis of prosthesis.Aim is to improve support by better
force distribution , axially directing of forces ,and making soft tissues more resistive to forces .
Answer. d

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(30).

All of the following landmarks are taken into account while postdammimg for maxillary denture except :
a. Pterygomaxillary notch
b. Hamular process
c. pterygomandibular raphe
d. Vibrating line
Solution. Ans.30. refer boucher 12th edi pg 342
Post damming is related to recording and transferring the posterior palatal seal area .so boundaries are considered and palpated which
includes vibrating lines,hamular notches and palpating the hamular processes.pterygomandibular raphe is present more distal to
hamular notch and shouldnot be impinged by denture.
Answer. c

(31).

Function of a compensating curve as related to a CD is :


a. same function as curve of spee in natural dention
b. Aids in establishing the condylar inclination
c. To provide a balanced occlusion in the CD
d. All of the above
Solution. Ans.31. refer bouchers ,10th edi pg 462
Function of compensating curves in CD purely aids in establishing balanced occlusion .curve of spee( antero-posterior curve), curve of
Wilson (mediolateral curve),curve of monsoon .so in excursive movements teeth remain in contact due to these curves ,as no disclusion
takes place.
Answer. c

(32).

the most common cause of cheek biting with dentures :


a. porcelain denture teeth
b. absence of buccal horizontal overlap
c. crossbite relationship of posterior teeth
d. complete denture-removable partial denture combination
Solution. Ans.32. refer Fenn ,text book of complete dentures,3rd edi
Horizontal overlap anteriorly provides incisal guidance and posteriorly also maxillary teeth overlaps the mandibular teeth.One of most
common reasons of cheek biting buccally is absence of this overlap as deflection of cheek doesnot take place while function and comes
in between occluding surfaces.
Answer. b

(33).

A patient wearing complete denture has difficulty in swallowing food


a. Too thick palatal area
b. Incorrect position of upper incisor teeth
c. Too great vertical dimension of occlusion
d. increased salivary flow
Solution. Ans. 33. refer bouchers 10th ed pg 274
Increased vertical dimension leads to:
soreness of ridge,residual ridge resorption, difficulty in swallowing,clicking of dentures during speaking ,strained facial appearance.
Answer. c

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(34).

Palatal cusp of upper posterior teeth in complete denture patients should fall on :
a. Crest of mandibular ridge
b. Lingual of crest of mandibular ridge
c. Buccal to crest of mandibular ridge
d. Buccal vestibule
Solution. Ans.34. refer stannaught ,lab procedures in CD
According to principles of teeth arrangement- palatal cusp of upper posterior teeth should fall on crest of mandibular ridge which
corresponds to centre of ridge .so forces are more perpendicular to ridge and leverage forces are reduced.
Answer. a

(35).

Plane of orientation parallel to the ala- tragus line ( campers line ) is established to :
a. serve as a guide In establishing the occlusal plane
b. Serve as a guide in establishing balanced occlusion
c. Serve as guide in selection of the artificial teeth
d. All of the above
Solution. Ans.35. refer winkler ,2nd edi pg 141
Plane of orientation posteriorly should be parallel to ala tragus line or campers plane .this is one plane which corresponds nearly parallel
to occlusal plane in various research studies.anteriorly it should be parallel to interpupillary line
Answer. a

(36).

Maxillary teeth may look unesthetic if anterior teeth are placed :


a. Directly on the ridge
b. Labial to the ridge
c. 2 mm below the lower lip line
d. All of the above
Solution. Ans.36. refer bouchers ,12th edi pg 311
Best esthetics for maxillary denture is when anterior teeth are placed labial to ridge.if placed over the ridge ,then it gives prematurely
aged appearance.also teeth placement depends upon lip support and amount of hard and soft tissue loss,,esthetics and phonetics.
Answer. a

(37).

functional stresses applied to RPD can be effectively distributed when major and minor connector are:
a. rigid
b. flexible
c. made of pure gold
d. none
Solution. Ans.37. refer stewart ,3rd edi pg 22
Primary requirement of major connector is rigidity.if flexible may cause stress concentration and severe damage to soft and hard tissues.
Note:all are rigid in CPD except retentive tip terminal,approach arm of I bar.
Answer. a

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(38).

Burning sensation in anterior palate region of a patient wearing new denture is due to :
a. Overextension in the buccal sulcus area
b. Occlusal discrepancies
c. Inadequate relief of the incisive papilla
d. Rough palatal surface area
Solution. Ans.38. refer Bernard Levin page 34
Relief structures in maxilla:incisive papilla,midpalatine raphe,fovea palatini,cuspid eminence,tori,.incive papillary region if not relieved
will cause compression of nasopalatine vessels and nerves and cause pain and burning senation in this region.
Answer. c

(39).

Why is immediate denture vertical overlap of the anterior teeth is not reduced in an attempt to reduce the incical guidance :
a. the advantage of duplicating the natural teeth position is lost
b. This can lead to loss of balanced occlusion
c. This can lead to change in the vertical dimension of the occlusion
d. This can lead to change in the centric relation
Solution. Ans.39. ref boucher 12th edi pg-124
Advantages of immediate dentures:no edentulous period-patients appearance maintained.
Soft tissue support,VDO maintained.no tongue enlargement.less postoperative pain and infection.easier to duplicate natural tooth
position and shape and arch form .even horizontal and vertical overlap is replicated.better adaptation for patient,maintainence of
patients psychological and social well being.
Answer. a

(40).

When acrylic resin is packed in the sandy stage, it may result in :


a. Open bite
b. Porosity
c. Increased strength
d. All of the above
Solution. Ans.40refer Philips,page ,741
One of most common causes of porosity in denture base resin is excess monomer presence as homogeneity of mix is not maintained.the
mix is most homogenous to pack in late dough stage ,rather than in sandy stage where excess monomer is present.also it will lead to
excessive polymerization shrinkage.
Answer. b

(41).

Which of the following is not a mechanical method for determining the vertical maxillomandibular relations:
a. Parallelism of the ridges
b. Pre extraction records
c. Measurement from former dentures
d. Phonetics and esthetics
Solution. Ans.41. refer winkler ,2nd edi
Mechanical methods to establish vertical jaw relation: ridge relation( parallelism of ridges,distance of incisive papilla to mandibular
incisors)pre extraction records,and measurement from previous dentures.phonetics and esthetics doesnt come in mechanical methods.
Answer. d

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(42).

Centric occlusion is :
a. 1 mm anterior to centric relation
b. 2 mm anterior to centric relation
c. 3 mm anterior to centric relation
d. 4 mm anterior to centric relation
Solution. Ans.42. refer zarb and bolender ,12th ed.pg-284
Centric occlusion is occlusion of opposing teeth when mandible is in centric relation.they may or may not coincide with maximum
intercuspation.this discrepancy between CR and CO is freedom in centric or long centric.it is around 0.5-1mm.centric occlusion is around
1mm anterior to CR position.
Answer. a

(43).

Which of the following teeth is more prominent at the cervical end :


a. Maxillary central incisor
b. Maxillary lateral incisor
c. Maxillary canine
d. Maxillary premolar
Solution. Ans. 43. refer stannaught page 54
According to principles of teeth arrangement and esthetics,the cervical end of maxillary canine is most prominent and the tip is directed
lingually.this provides natural space between teeth and buccal mucosa during smile called buccal corridor space.
Answer. c

(44).

At what temperature - quartz inverts into - quartz form


a. 250C
b. 300C
c. 450C
d. 575C
Solution. Ans.44. refer Philips ,pg297
Silica acting as refractory in investment materials exist in 4 allotropic forms:quartz,trydymite,cristobalite,and fused quartz.at room
temperature,alpha forms are present which inverts to beta form at specific temperature.
Inversion temperatures
1.quartz-575 deg c
2.cristobalite-between 200 -270 deg c
3.tridymite-2 inversion temperatures 117 deg c and 163 deg c
Answer. d

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(45).

Linear shrinkage during polymerization of methylmethacrylate resin is :


a. 33%
b. 07%
c. 12%
d. 66%
Solution. Ans.45.refer to ques 20 explanation
Answer. b

(46).

During impression making if it causes distortion of upper lip,the dentist should:


a. Make impression again
b. Tell patient not to speak
c. Surgically treat the lip
d. Readapt the labial periphery
Solution. Ans.46. refer ,Bernard Levin ,page 32
Distortion of lips during impression making takes place when there is excessive material being present in periphery of tray,so excess
material has to be removed and again lip or soft tissues are manipulated to record borders in their correct width or depth.
Answer. d

(47).

the incisal edges of the maxillary anterior teeth from incisive papilla are approximately
a. 2 mm
b. 4 cm
c. 6 mm
d. 8 mm
Solution. Ans.47. refer zarb &bolender ,12th edi,pg-260
Incisive papilla is one of stable landmarks..clinical studies and anthropometric measurements suggest that incisal edges of central
incisors are 8-10mm anterior to center of papilla .
NOTE:canines are 61mm in front of posterior border of papilla.
Answer. d

(48).

If future replacement of questionable mandibular teeth is anticipated , the major connector of choice is :
a. Lingual bar
b. Lingual plate
c. Sublingual bar
d. Cingulum bar
Solution. Ans.48. refer mccraken 11th edi pg 61
Indications of linguoplate:
Shallow sulcus(inadequate width for bar),when vertical ridges in class 1 have undergone resorption,in periodontically weakened
teeth,when future replacement of one or more teeth is anticipatedby providing retention loops to linguoplate.
Answer. b

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(49).

Major disadvantage to immediate complete denture therapy :


a. Trauma to extraction sockets
b. Increased potential for infection
c. Impossibility for anterior try in
d. Excessive residual ridge Resorption
Solution. Ans.49.ref boucher 12th edi pg-124
Disadvantages of immediate denture:
No anterior try in ,therefore unpredictable esthetics,need frequent relines,fit ,comfort difficult to predict.
Answer. c

(50).

Protrusive jaw relation records are used to :


a. orient the occlusal plane
b. Set incisal guidance of articulator
c. Set lateral posts of articulator
d. None
Solution. Ans.50. refer zarb and bolender ,pg331
Protrusive records are made by placing interocclusal material in between teeth and asking patient to bring mandible edge to edge and
asking patient to close.this record ic placed in articulator and condylar screws arel oosened ,force developed in articulator will program
condylar guidance of both sides.
Answer. d

(51).

Tissue conditioners should be used specifically when :


a. Sharp ridges are present
b. Abused traumatized mucosa is present
c. Excessive residual ridge resorption is present
d. All
Solution. Ans.51. refer zarb and bolender 12th edi pg 200-06
For abused soft tissues tissue conditioners with higher plasticizer content is specifically indicated,all other choices are indications of
soft liners.
Answer. b

(52).

Room temperature valcanisation is :


a. Polyethers
b. Polysulfides
c. Silicones
d. Alginate
Solution. Ans.52. refer Philips page 210.
Amongst elastomeric impression materials ,vulcanisation reaction takes place in silicones .no heat is required for the reaction(at room
temperature) ,therefore also called room temperature vulcanizers .
Answer. c

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(53).

Which of the following is used as catalyst in condensation silicone rubber :


a. Orthoethyl silicate
b. Polydimethye siloxane
c. Stannous octoate
d. Colloidal silica
Solution. Ans.53.refer Philips pg-214
Basic components of condensation elastomers :base and catalyst
Basic component is hydroxyl terminated polydimethyl siloxane.The curing of this material involves reaction of tri or
tetra functional alkylsilicates in presence of stannous octoate(catalyst)
Answer. c

(54).

Bonwill triangle is a ___ inch equilateral triangle :


a. 3
b. 4
c. 5
d. 6
Solution. Ans. 54. refer bouchers 10th ed 243
Bonwill triangle is a 4 inch side equilateral triangle.the articulators are based on bonwill triangle ,4inch from
condylar element from both sides to middle of mandibular central incisors forming bonwill triangle
Answer. b

(55).

I- Bar RPD was introduced by :


a. Ber Caputo
b. Kratochvil
c. Kroll
d. Mc Donald
Solution. Ans.55. refer stewart ,2nd edi pg 274
RPI concept was introduced by kratochwill and later modified by kroll
RPI-Mesial rest,distal proximal plate,I bar
Answer. b

(56).

Volumetric shrinkage during polymerisation of methyl methacrylate acrylic resin is :


a. 33%
b. 21%
c. 12%
d. 66%
Solution. Ans.56. refer to explanation of ques 20
Answer. b

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(57).

Lost wax technique was first described by :


a. Black
b. Taggart
c. Wilson and kent
d. none of the above
Solution. Ans.57. refer to stewart ,lab procedures in RPD
Taggart lost wax technique for casting procedures
Wilson and kent- GIC
Black-introduced cavity preparation classification..
Answer. b

(58).

Porosity in heart activated Acrylic resin denture base is most frequently caused by :
a. Heating the flask two slowly
b. Packing during dough stage
c. polymerising for 9 hours at 16 F
d. Lack of pressure in Resinous mass
Solution. Ans.58. refer Philips pg 741
Porosity: thicker denture portions,inadequate mixing of polymer and monomer,rapid temperature
elevation,inadequate pressure in mold,inadequate material in mold,air inclusions in fluid resins.
Answer. d

(59).

Denture set up was balanced on the anticulator with condylar setting at 20. This setting was in correctly recorded. when corrected,
setting was found to be 45on articulator. To achieve balanced occlusion, it will be necessary to :
a. Decrease plane of occlusion
b. Increase incisal guidance
c. Decreased the heights of cusps
d. Increase the compensating curves
Solution. Ans.59. refer to explanation of question 12.
Answer. d

(60).

Mean denture bearing area in edentulous maxilla and mandible is :


a. 12.25 cm2 and 22.96 cm2 resp
b. 22.96 cm2 and 12.25 cm2 resp
c. 14.65 cm2 and 20.24 cm2 resp
d. 24.08 cm2 and 26.80 cm2 resp
Solution. Ans. 60. refer bouchers 12 ed ,pg 232
- average surface area of
Maxilla
mandible (12th ed bouchers)
24cm2
14cm2
22.95 cm2
12.25cm2 (10th edi)
Answer. b

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(61).

The objective of mouth preparation prior to prosthetic rehabilitation is :


a. To enhance periodontal health
b. To enhance esthetics
c. To determine path of insertion of RPD
d. All of the above
Solution. Ans.61. refer to explanation of ques 29.
Answer. d

(62).

Cuspal inclination of non- anatomic teeth monoplane teeth is :


a. 10 degree
b. 15 degree
c. 30 degree
d. 0 degree
Solution. Ans.62.refer winkler 2nd edi pg 262
Monoplane teeth/non anatomic teeth-0 deg
Semi-anatomic- 20 deg
Anatomic-33 deg
Indication of non-anatomic teeth:
Flat ridges,knife edged ridges,lare interridge spaces,milling type chewing pattern with broad excursions,poor
neuromuscular control( NM disorders),bruxers,severely resorbed ridges.
Answer. d

(63).

Which of the following is a cause of midline fracture of complete denture :


a. excessive relief in labial frenal area
b. maxillary single complete denture against full complement of mandibular teeth
c. young edentulous patient with excessive masticatory forces
d. All of above
Solution. Ans.63. refer winkler ,2nd edi
These all conditions can lead to midline fracture.So to avoid it use high impact strength resins and metal denture
base.
Answer. d

(64).

Telescopic crown was introduced by:


a. Peeso
b. Posselt
c. Prothero
d. Pankymann
Solution. Ans.64. refer tylman, textbook of fixed prosthodontics
Telescopic dentures-introduced by Peeso.these are indicated in non parallel abutments or telescopic retained
RPD.here to correct tilt first primary coping is cemented then over it secondary coping is cemented.
Answer. a

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(65).

All classes of kennedy classification can be subdivided by modification except :


a. Class I
b. Class II
c. Class III
d. Class IV
Solution. Ans. 65. refer mccraken 8th edi,pg 20
Keneddy classified partially edentulous arches into 4 classes ,I,II,III,IV.And according to applegate rule,most distally
present edentulous spaces determine classification.and class IV is bilateral single missing anterior teeth ,any
modification space would change classification.
Answer. d

(66).

Parallelometer is also known as :


a. Precision attachment
b. Hybrid denture
c. Cast surveyor
d. Gothic arch tracers
Solution. Ans. 66.refer mccraken ,8th edi,pg-185
Surveyor or parallelometer or odontoscope was invented by AJ Fortunati in 1918..it is used determine relative
parallelism of two or more surfaces or teeth.
Answer. c

(67).

Fracture under tension is called :


a. Yield strength
b. Brittleness
c. Ultimate strength
d. Ultimate tensile strength
Solution. Ans. 67.refer Philips,pg-85.
Stress necessary to cause either fracture(ultimate tensile strength).or a specified amount of plastic
deformation(yield strength)
Answer. d

(68).

Reciprocal arm requires to be stiff and unyielding, therefore should be made of a material with :
a. Low modulus of elasticity
b. High modulus of elasticity
c. Low proportional limit
d. modulus of elasticity has no significance
Solution. Ans.68.refer Philips pg 80
Always remember high modulus of elasticity means-more stiff and rigid and unyielding,.low modulus vice-versa
Answer. b

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(69).

Alloys have a :
a. Melting point
b. Melting range
c. Boiling point
d. None of the above
Solution. Ans.69.refer Philips pg 120
Alloys never have specific melting or boiling point as they are made up of moe than one metal or non metal,they
have melting range with liquid and solid phases coexist.single temperature occurs for pure metals.
Answer. b

(70).

The ability of a material to withstand permanent deformation under a tensile load without rupture is :
a. Ductility
b. Malleability
c. Resilience
d. tensile stress
Solution. Ans.70. refer Philips- pg 73
Ductility:relative abiliy of material to deform plastically under a tensile load before it fractures.
Malleability:the ability of material to sustain considerable permanent deformation without rupture under
compression.
Answer. a

(71).

Patient complains of pain while eating . On examination tissue soreness is seen along the mucobuccal area of a removable partial denture
. it is due to :
a. Heavy occlusal contacts
b. Poor design of RPD
c. Over extension of border
d. Faulty intercuspation
Solution. Ans.71.refer mccrakens,8th edi
As soreness is seen around the mucobuccal border,so it clearly suggests that borders of cast patial dentures are
overextended.pain is also present due to overextended periphery.
Answer. c

(72).

The most replicable condylar position for diagnosis and reconstruction of prosthesis is :
a. Centric relation
b. Centric occlusion
c. Slide in centric
d. Intercuspal position
Solution. Ans.72.refer bouchers 10th edi
Centric relation is most replicable,recordable,and reproducibleand learned position of condyle with respect to
mandibular fossa. As it is the most reproducible and comfortable ,any prosthesis is fabricated in this position.
Answer. a

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(73).

While taking impression of flabby fibrous tissue on maxillary ridge for complete denture care is taken to :
a. Use tray with spacer
b. Not maintain contact with tissues
c. Use a close fitting tray
d. Following normal procedures
Solution. Ans. 73.refer boucher ,10th edi,pg 174
For hyperplastic tissue,during tray construction,we have to place the tissues rather than displace the tissues,so
intimate contact of impression material to tissues is required ,therefore tray with spacer (double thickness
preferable) is indicated.
Answer. a

(74).

The purpose of plane of orentation is :


a. Serve as a guide in establishing occlusal plane
b. To aid in measuring height and length of posterior teeth
c. To serve as an abitary plane when established on the articulator
d. To divide distance between upper and lower card equality
Solution. Ans. 74.refer to explanation for question 35.the plane of orientation is for determining occlusal plane.
Answer. a

(75).

Most reliable method of recording centric relation :


a. Graphic tracing with excursive movements
b. Wax checkbite method
c. Trial and error method
d. None of the above
Solution. Ans.75. refer to explanation of ques 10.
Answer. a

(76).

The pressure required to penetrate food is inversely proportional to:


a. Denture base area
b. combined denture support
c. resistance through mucosa
d. area of occlusal surface
Solution. Ans. 76. refer winkler 2nd edi
Its well known fact,P=F/A(pressure is inversely proportional to area)
It suggests that pressure required will be more if occluding area is less,and vice-versa.
Answer. d

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(77).

Reciprocal arm :
a. Rigid and is placed in middle 3rd of crown
b. Flexible and placed in middle 3rd of crown
c. Rigid and placed in occlusal 3rd of crown
d. Flexible and placed in occlusal 3rd of crown
Solution. Ans.77.ref . mc cracken 8th ed pg 92/11th ed pg 82,92
Reciprocal arm reciprocates the forces from retentive terminal .it has to be rigid and is placed on middle one third
of lingual surface.also refer to explanation of que 154.
Answer. a

(78).

Tissue reaction that is common due to overextension of labial flanges of complete denture is :
a. denture stomatitis
b. Papillary hyperplasia
c. epulis fissuratum
d. Pyogenic granuloma
Solution. Ans. 78refer boucher 12th ed pg 86
Border tissues chronically traumatized by overextended flanges,or by flanges of denture that has settled as result
of lost ridge support will lead to reactivehyperplasia known as Epulis fissuratum.
Answer. c

(79).

The most common site of bony exostosis is :


a. Palatal side of posterior maxilla
b. Buccal side of posterior mandible
c. Buccal side of posterior maxilla
d. Buccal side of anterior mandible
Solution. Ans.79. refer bouchers 12th edi pg-107
Exostoses may occur on both jaws but most frequently found on buccal sides of posterior maxillary segments.so
either denture is relieved or soft liner indicated.
Answer. c

(80).

Who coined the term fulcrum line in 1916:


a. Balk will
b. Prothero
c. Cummer
d. Applegate
Solution. Ans.80. refre mccrakens,8th edi
Prothero coined the term fulcrum line and protheros cone theory is basis of clasp retention.
Term height of contour by was given by kennedy
Answer. b

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(81).

Non anatomic teeth are indicated primarily in:


a. Flat ridge
b. sharp ridge
c. Poor muscular control
d. Well contoured ridge
Solution. Ans. 81.refer to explanation 20.
First three choices may be the answer,but the best answer is C,poor neuromuscular control ,primarily monoplane
teeth are indicated.
Answer. c

(82).

For a balanced occlusion when condylar inclination is increased the compensating curve should be :
a. Shallow
b. Decreased and flat
c. Increased and prominent
d. Reversed
Solution. Ans.82. refer explanation of ques 12.
Answer. c

(83).

A wrought wire clasp arm direct retainer located on first premolar :


a. Limits stress transfer to abutment
b. Limit stress transfer to residual edentulous ridge
c. No reduction in stress
d. Both a and b are true
Solution. Ans.83.refer mccrakens 8th di
In case we have to reduce forces transfer to abutment,flexible wrought wire clasp can be used ,especially in
periodontally weakened tooth.finest example being combination clasp.
Answer. a

(84).

Only pure hinge movement of mandible occur at :


a. Centric occlusion
b. Centric relation
c. Lateral excusion
d. Terminal hinge position
Solution. Ans.84.refer boucher ,12th ed ,pg 184
At Terminal hinge position ,opening and closing pure hinge rotational movements(20-25mm) take place.its the
most retruded position of mandible with respect to maxillae.
Answer. d

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(85).

Principle disadvantage of Metal denture Base is :


a. Increase in weight and thickness
b. acrylic resin doesnot bond well
c. Palatable to patient
d. Difficult to reline
Solution. Ans.85.refer mccraken,11th ed,pg137
Advantages:accuracy and better adaptation.,positive tissue response,thermal conductivity,less weight and bulk.
Disadvantage:diffficlut to reline .
Answer. d

(86).

If upper anterior are set too short what will result :


a. V sound will be like F
b. F sound will be like V
c. No significant change
d. Both will be sounding as f
Solution. Ans.86.refer zarb and bolender ,12th ed pg 283
Labidental sounds F and V are made between upper incisors and labiolingual centres.to posterior third of lower
lip.if upper anterior teeth are set too short (set too high up)V will look more like F.,if they are too long (set too far
down),F will look more like V
Answer. a

(87).

Palatal cusp of upper posterior teeth in complete denture patients should fall on :
a. Crest of mandibular ridge
b. Lingual of crest of mandibular ridge
c. Buccal to crest of mandibular ridge
d. Buccal vestible
Solution. Ans.87. refer to ques 34,
Answer. a

(88).

The concept of lingualised occlusion was put forward by :


a. Gysi
b. Mccollum
c. pankymann
d. payne
Solution. Ans.88. refer winkler 2nd edi
Concept of lingualised occlusion was put forward by Gysi.acc to it,maxillary palatal cosp(anatomic teeth) is
prominent and falls on central grove of monoplane mandibular teeth.
Answer. a

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(89).

Drooping of the corners of the mouth in a complete denture wearing person is due to :
a. Decreased vertical dimension
b. Increased freeway space
c. improper lip support from the incisors
d. All of the above
Solution. Ans.89. refer ,winkler,2nd edi
When reduced VDO or increased freewayway space,again overclosure results and drooping of corners of mouth
,old senile appearance.and more chances of angular chielitis(perleche)
Answer. d

(90).

Squint test is used as guide for selecting :


a. Shade of teeth
b. Shape of teeth
c. Length of teeth
d. Both a and b
Solution. Ans.90.refer boucher ,10th ed pg341
Squint test is used to select shade of artificial teeth according to face complexion.with eyelids partially closed,the
shades of teeth are placed under patients lip,and the color which fades from view first ,is least conspicuous and
better one.
Answer. a

(91).

Which of the following areas of oral cavity are affected by inflammatory papillary hyperplasia :
a. Lips
b. Tongue
c. Palate
d. Gingiva
Solution. Ans.91.refer boucher 12th ed pg 86
Papillary hyperplasia:commonly occurs in maxillary anterior palatal area due to illfitting dentues more prone to
infection by C.albicans.mostly in long term denture wearers.
Answer. c

(92).

Relining is done to :
a. Correct base- tissue relationship
b. Correct occlusion
c. Provide reduction
d. Following denture failure due to porosity
Solution. Ans.92.refer winkler .2nd edi,reling and rebasing
Relining is procedure to add new tissue surface to compensate for changes in denture base area( due to residual
ridge resorption) that occurs due to ill fitting dentures.selection of case is very important as centric relation should
coincide with centric occlusion.
Answer. a

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(93).

Lateral condylar guidance:


a. L= 12+ d/h
b. L = H+d/12
c. L = H/8+12
d. L= H+d/4
Solution. Ans. 93 Refe winkler ,2nd edi pg 146.
Lateral condylar guidance(L) is calculated by Hanau equation but for that one should programme articulator to
calculate horizontal condylar guidance.normally L will come around 15 deg inclination.
Answer. c

(94).

Curve of monsoon is :
a. An anteroposterior curve
b. Is a lateral molar curve with connecting facing downwards
c. Is a lateral premolar curve with covexity facing upwards
d. a reverse curve
Solution. Ans.94. refer winkler 2nd edi
Compensating curves :curve of spee,curve of Wilson,and curve of monsoon
These are provided to attain balanced occlusion.Curve of monsoon is lateral molar curve that have convexity facing
downwards .
Answer. b

(95).

Cast has a soft surface, probable reason :


a. Sticking of alginate to teeth
b. too much water to mix stone
c. Insufficient spatulation of stone
d. Failure to use correct tray
Solution. Ans.95. refer Philips ,pg 259
Too much water powder ratio used for mixing stone would lead to cast with softer surface.and chalky surface
which might lead to distortion and loss of surface details.correct water powder ratio should be used and gypsum
hardener like borax can be used .
Answer. b

(96).

To transfer the axis orbital plane we require :


a. Arbitrary face bow
b. Kinematic face bow
c. Either arbitrary of kinematic face bow
d. An earpiece bow only
Solution. Ans.96.refer winkler 2nd ed pg 184
Facebow:caliper like device used to orient maxillary cast on articulator .so as to record the axis orbital plane
(opening and closing axis of mandible).facebows are of two types arbitrary and kinematic. arbitrary(earpiece type
or fascia type) used in CD constructions and kinematic(true hinge axis)-for FPd and full mouth construction cases.
Answer. c

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(97).

The hinge axis face bow transfer is of value because it :


a. Access an accurate centric relation record
b. Enables alteration in vertical dimension on the articulator
c. Facilities mounting the mandibular cast in the center of the articulator
d. Maintains the condyles in their most retruded positions in the glenoid fossa
Solution. Ans.97.refer winkler 2nd edition,page-187
In we see indication of face bows:cusped teeth are used,when vertical dimension is to be altered ,when changes in
existing Occlusion are to be planned ..
Answer. b

(98).

The secondary peripheral seal area of a mandibular complete denture is the :


a. Labial border
b. Buccal border
c. Distolingual border
d. Anterior lingual border
Solution. Ans.98.refer winkler 2nd edi pg-90
Anterior lingual areaor premylohyoid area or anterior sublingual crescent area act as secondary peripheral seal
area while recording alveolingual sulcus .primary retentive and peripheral denture seal is provided by
retromolarpad area.if anterior lingual region is not recorded well then peripheral seal breaks and denture is
dislodged.especially in mandible the tongue position provides this peripheral seal class I tongue position.in class II
or III this peripheral seal is difficult to achieve.
Answer. d

(99).

Immediate bennett shift occur :


a. Before any forward movement of condyle
b. During first 5-6 mm movement of condyle
c. During first premature occlusal contact after rotation of condyle
d. after translation of working condyle
Solution. Ans. 99. refer fenn ,3rd edi,complete denture prosthodontics
Immediate side shift:when mandible moves before movement of NON WORKING CONDYLE.ranges from initial 1
4mm.the lateral translation that occurs linealy after 2-3mm of forward movement of condyle is called progressive
side shift
Answer. b

(100).

Protrusive records during jaw relations made for recording :


a. Condylar inclination of both sides
b. Centric relation
c. Record retruded contact position
d. Terminal hinge axis opening
Solution. Ans.100. refer to question 20 explanation
Answer. a

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(101).

Indirect retention is designed to :


a. Stabilize tooth borne RPD
b. Engage an undercut area of the abutment tooth
c. Resist tissue ward moments of an extension base partial denture
d. Resist dislodgement of an extension base partial denture in occlusal direction
Solution. Ans.101. Refer mcrakens 8th edi 127
Indirect retainer-is specially indicated in kennedyd class I,II,and lond span Class IV cases.it resist the rotation
around fulcrum axis and prevent dislodgement towards occlusal direction/or tissue away movement and thus
stabilizes denture base.
Answer. d

(102).

In full tooth bone dentures occlusal rests transmits ____% of occlusal forces of teeth :
a. 50%
b. 70%
c. 80%
d. 100%
Solution. Ans.102.refer stewart 2nd edi pg-49
Occlusal rest has to transmit cent percent forces to abutment especially in class III situations.it transmit forces
axially along long axis (vertically downwards)of tooth.prevents tissueward movement of bases.
Answer. d

(103).

Excessive occlusal wear in a young patient not consistent with the age indicates :
a. Normal changes with age
b. He is consuming abrasive foods
c. He is having high masticatory efficiency
d. CO and CR are not coinciding
Solution. Ans.103. refer dawson ,from tmj to smile design,2nd edi
Normal conditions:centric relation and centric occlusion coincides .in cases there is discrepancy between CR and
CO,then attriton of teeth takes place to compensate for this,even in younger patients.
Answer. d

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(104).

In mandibular guide flange prosthesis flange extension should be preferably in the region of :
a. Maxillary IInd molar
b. Maxillary IInd premolar
c. Anterior to maxillary premolar
d. On any tooth
Solution. Ans.104.Ref Beumer ,Maxillofacial Prosthdontics
In Hemimandibulectomy patients where mandible is resected,the powerful muscles of contralateral side pulls the mandible so
derangement of occlusion occurs. Guide flange prosthesis is indicated which act as training device so that muscles get programmed and
occlusion can be provided. Extension of bar should extend till 2nd premolar or till mesial of 1st molar.

Answer. b

(105).

For patient wearing complete denture the test for phonetics is best done at the time of :
a. Before making wax rims
b. Recording jaw relation on the wax rims
c. At the time to try in stage of trial denture
d. After the processing of the denture in acrylic
Solution. Ans.105. refer zarb and bolender,12th, edi,pg 380-5
At try in stage,tests for phonetics can be done as this the last stage where modifications in teeth position and angulation can be done
before denture processing.various sounds bilabial,palatal,sibilants,labiodental sounds can be tested.
Answer. c

(106).

Major drawback of silicone as soft liners is :


a. Tear strength
b. Inability to bond with denture base resin
c. Abrasion resistance
d. Resiliency
Solution. Ans.106. winkler ,2nd edi pg 345
Silicone based soft liners have advantagesof being long term use,good abrasion resistance and tear strength but disadvantages:poor
bond strength with acrylic and more prone to fungal infections(C.alibicans)
Answer. b

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(107).

ultrasonic cleaners for cleaning removable partial dentures use :


a. Electric energy
b. Ultrasonic energy waves
c. Electronic energy waves
d. Mechanical agitation
Solution. Ans.107. refer ,rudd and morrow,lab procedures in RPD
Ultrasonic cleaning of RPDframework can be done which is based on electronic energy waves where they come in contact with the
surface and remove the very superficial layers and gives matt finish without disturbing the fit of framework.
Answer. c

(108).

Main disadvantage of unilateral removable partial denture is :


a. Less retention
b. Less esthetics
c. Less stability
d. Less masticatory efficiency
Solution. Ans.108. refer stewart 2nd edi pg 333
In rpd cross arch stabilization plays an important role ,so unilateral RPD it is affected and rotational forces are not counteracted upon
.therefore stabilty is most affected.
Answer. c

(109).

Epithelium that line crest of ridge is :


a. Keratinized
b. Non keratinized
c. Para keratinized
d. Stratified squamous type
Solution. Ans.109refer winkler ,2nd edi
Line of crest of ridge is always keratinized as its derived or its residual of masticatory mucosa(attached mucosa).
Answer. a

(110).

When a low survey line is found additional retention for removable partial denture can be obtained through following methods , except :
a. Using proximal undercut
b. Using extended clasp arm
c. crowning the tooth
d. Making the retentive arm thick
Solution. Ans.110.refer ,mccrakens,8th edi
Low survey line means undercut area is less or absent at desired tilt of cast.if low survey line is present then to create undercut it can be
crowned,or extended clasp arm ca be used,or proximal undercuts can be utilised.
Answer. d

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(111).

Horizontal reciprocation in a direct retainer can be achieved by one of the following , except :
a. An opposing retentive arm
b. Rigid bracing arm
c. by placing the reciprocal arm in the same horizontal level as retentive arm
d. By preparation of deep square rest seat
Solution. Ans.111. refer stewart,8th edi
Reciprocal arm is placed on opposing lingual surface of abutment tooth in middle one third.retentive arm crosses the height of contour to
go in infrabulge area to engage the undercut.they both cant be at same level to provide horizontal stability.
Answer. c

(112).

Primary occlusal rest configuration :


a. round
b. triangular with base at centre
c. triangular with base at marginal ridge
d. boomerang shape
Solution. Ans.112.refer stewart ,2nd edi,pg301
Occlusal rest is roughly triangular in shape with base towards the marginal ridge and apex towards the centre so as to transfer the
forces down to long axis of tooth. Cingulum rest are half moon shape or boomerang shape.
Answer. c

(113).

Survey lines can be modified by following procedures except :


a. Changing tilt of the cast
b. By enameloplasty
c. By changing the carbon marker to analysis rod
d. By placing enamel bonded resin veneer
Solution. Ans.113. refer stewart ,2nd edi pg-223.
Options a , b , d can be used to alter the survey lines except option c.
Answer. c

(114).

The characteristic of class VI kennedy applegate classification are following except :


a. Long edentulous space
b. Adequate alveolar bone support
c. Adequate root length of the abutments
d. Normal amount of work load
Solution. Ans.114, refer,stewart ,2nd edi ,pg 23
Keneddys class VI- when anterior abutment is periodontally sound enough to withstand forces on RPD.its not related to long edentulous
span.as its in anterior region work load (occlusal stresses)are reduced.
Answer. a

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(115).

main function of minor connector is:


a. counter leverage forces
b. rigidity
c. Unification
d. Offer retention
Solution. Ans.115. refer stewart ,8th ed
minor connector is component that connects other components to major connector( ie occlusal rest,denture base,indirect retainers).so
helps in unification of components of rpd.
Answer. c

(116).

A rest is provided with the intention of transferring the force :


a. Horizontally
b. Obliquely
c. Vertically upwards
d. Vertically downwards
Solution. Ans.116. refer to explanation of ques 102.
Answer. d

(117).

The ratio of displacement of tissues of periodontal ligament and mucoperiosteum covering the residual ridge is :
a. 0.25 : 2 mm
b. 0.75 : 1 mm
c. 0.25 : 1 mm
d. 0.75 : 2 mm
Solution. Ans.117. refer ,stewart ,8th edi
There is difference in resiliency of mucosa covering ridge and PDL of abutment teeth.so in tooth tissue supported RPD ,this leads to
excessive forces on abutment.the PDl are compressible to 0.25mm and mucosa to about 2mm.
Answer. a

(118).

The finishing line junction with major connecter should be :


<90>a.
b. > 90
< 110>c.
d. >110
Solution. Ans.118refer Rudd and Morrow,lab procedures in RPD
The external finish line is acute angle ie less than 90 deg so that acrylic can be finished to that junction,and internal finish line is at 90
degrees.
Answer. a

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(119).

Palatal major connector should be located atleast __ away from gingival margins :
a. 4 mm
b. 5 mm
c. 6 mm
d. 7 mm
Solution. Ans.119stewart , 2nd edi,pg-23
Maxillary major connector no closer than 6mm and mandibular major connector no closer than 3mm from gingival margins.
Answer. c

(120).

Lingual plate is indicated when the floor of the mouth is :


a. >8 mm
< 8 mm>b.
c. = 10 mm
< 10 mm>d.
Solution. Ans.120stewart ,3rd edi ,pg-34
In shallow mandibular sulcus(less than 8mm space)-liguoplate major connector indicated and where atleast or more than 8mm space
present-lingual bar can be given
Answer. b

(121).

Mucosa of hard palate is :


a. Non- keratinized
b. Para keratinized
c. Keratinized
d. Specialized
Solution. Ans.121.palatal mucosa is always keratinized/attached.tough and better resists the forces.
Answer. c

(122).

Vent hole in the middle of impression tray is made for following except :
a. To control hydrostatic pressure
b. To control hydraulic pressure
c. To get good impression in palatal area
d. To act as escape hole
Solution. Ans.122. refer stewart ,2nd edi
When tray is seated on oral tissues with impression material loaded ,it acts as closed compartment and it leads to rise in hydrostatic
pressure which can overcompress the tissues.thus vents holes or relief holes are to be made to relieve the pressure and to record a good
impression details.
Answer. b

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(123).

Speaking line is otherwise known as:


a. High lip line
b. Low lip line
c. Canine line
d. Cuspid eminence
Solution. Ans.123. refer ,rufenatch , text book onesthethetics
Speaking line is amount of exposure of dentogingival complex during speech.so speaking line may be referred to low lip line.high lip line
,more all tooth structure and and more than 3mm of adjacent gingiva visible.
Answer. b

(124).

Articulator that incorporates a rotatory guidance for miling in- purpose is :


a. grittman
b. house articulator
c. Dentatus
d. Dends
Solution. Ans.124. refer ,winkler ,2nd edi
In house articulator, special feature of rotary guidance for milling in purpose is given.
Answer. b

(125).

Bouchers techniques of rebasing involves :


a. Making impression in both dentures independent of occlusion
b. A new centric relation record is not required
c. New centric relation before impression
d. Both A and C
Solution. Ans.125. refer winkler ,2nd edi .
Bouchers technique of rebasing is open mouth technique where individual maxillary and mandibular dentures can be relined
independently.again CO should coincide with CR.
Answer. a

(126).

Average condylar path inclination is :


a. 10 mm
b. 16-18 mm
c. 19-22 mm
d. 5-10 mm
Solution. Ans.126.refer ,okesson ,TMJ disorders
Learn this value of 16-18 mm of condylar path ,where condyle moves over fossa.
Answer. b

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(127).

Surveyor was invented by ____ in ____ :


a. Ney ,in 1918
b. Fortunatti , in 1918
c. Fortunatti, in 1923
d. Jelenko, in 1916
Solution. Ans.127.stewart ,3rd edi.pg 215.
Answer. b

(128).

Guiding plane are made up of :


a. 6 gauge wax pattern
b. 6 gauge half round wax pattern
c. 8 gauge half round pattern
d. 24 gauge pattern
Solution. Ans.128. refer ,Stewart,2nd edi
Guideplanes: are prepared to decide path of insertion and prepareone surface parallel to oneother.guide plate should come in frictional
contact with guide plane and should remain in contact till it completely seats.it is fabricated from 8 gauge half round waxpattern
Answer. c

(129).

Splint bar eliminate preparation of ______ on the abutments :


a. Guiding planes
b. Dimpling
c. Rest reats
d. Lingual ledges
Solution. Ans.129refer stewart, 2nd edition
Splint bar is casted and is a part of RPd .it splints the abutment and transfers the forces down long axis of teeth.so eliminates making of
rest seat on abutment toth,
Answer. c

(130).

Cusp point is reduced only when :


a. It is a premature contact
b. It is in premature contact in centric
c. It is in premature contact in eccentric
d. It is in premature contact both in centric and ecentric relation
Solution. Ans.130. refer okesson ,3rd edi
Alwys remember:never reducethe cusp tip of functional cusp first,but if by using articulating paper of different colors for centric ad
eccentric contact,the contact comes on cusp point,it has to be reduced.
Answer. d

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(131).

Gold alloy that is used for cast partial is :


a. Type I
b. Type II
c. Type III
d. Type IV
Solution. Ans.131 refer philips ,139
Type I,Type II-soft gold ,only used for inlays and small restoration
Type III-for crowns and FPD
Type IV-most hard and rigid.used for RPD fabrication.
Answer. d

(132).

The direction of the resorption of the manillary ridge :


a. Downwards and buccally
b. Downwards and lingually
c. Upwards and lingually
d. Upwards and buccally
Solution. Ans.132. refer bouchers,10edi
Resorption pattern in maxilla-upwards and palatally-making it smaller(centripetal type)
Resorption pattern in mandible .downwards and lingually-making it broad(centrifugal type.
Answer. c

(133).

While taking impression of flabby fibrous tissue on maxillary ridge for complete denture case is taken is :
a. Use a tray with spacer
b. Not maintain intimate contact with tissues
c. use of close fitting try
d. Follow normal procedures
Answer. a

(134).

The function of posterior palatal seal (PPS ) is:


a. To aid in balanced occlusion
b. To aid is insertion and removal of complete denture
c. To ensure a complete seal thus helping In retention of a denture
d. Retention of mandibular denture by seating its posterior margin
Solution. Ans. 134 PPS:main retentive and peripheral seal area for maxillary denture,prevent ingress of saliva and debris,prevents gag
reflex,compensates for polymerization shrinkage..prevent excess impresion material from running down patients throat, so it becomes
critical to record this area.if overpostdamming is done-it will have rebounding effectand denture dislodgement.if underpostdamming-loss
of retention.
Answer. c

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(135).

If palatal seal is placed too deep if may result in :


a. Improper phonetics
b. Gagging sensation
c. Improper seating of the denture
d. Retention increase with depth
Solution. Ans 135.Bouchers,12ed,pg 342 PPS:main retentive and peripheral seal area for maxillary denture,prevent ingress of saliva
and debris,prevents gag reflex,compensates for polymerization shrinkage..prevent excess impresion material from running down patients
throat, so it becomes critical to record this area.if overpostdamming is done-it will have rebounding effectand denture dislodgement.if
underpostdamming-loss of retention.
Answer. c

(136).

The relationship of the denture base that resists dislodgement of denture in the horizontal direction is :
a. Stability
b. Pressure
c. Support
d. Retention
Solution. Ans.136.refer winkler 2nd edi
Retention-ability of denture to resist dislodgement against path of insertion.ie opening and closing forces,sticky force.gravity
Stability:it resist dislodgement against horizontal or lateral forces,
Answer. a

(137).

Centric relation is best defined as :


a. The relation of the mandible to the maxilla when the teeth are in centric occlusion
b. The relation of the mandible to the maxilla when the teeth are in maximum intercuspation
c. The relation of the mandible to the maxilla with the condyles are in their most posterior position in the glenoid fossae
d. The retruded contact position
Solution. Ans.137. GPT 5 definition of Centric relation.CR most posterior position of condyle
But now-Its anterosuperior position given in choice anterosuperior position is option-then it should be the answer,otherwise posterior.
Answer. c

(138).

If free way space is obliterated, it would result in( or )increased vertical dimension at occlusion (VOD) result in :
a. Improper aesthetics
b. Clicking sound of the dentures
c. Trauma to the underlying ridges
d. All of the above
Solution. Ans.138 already explained in previous explanations.
Answer. d

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(139).

Burning sensation in anterior palate region of a patient wearing new complete dentures is due to :
a. Overextension in the buccal sulcus area
b. Occlusal discrepancies
c. Inadequate relief of the incisive papilla
d. Rough palatal surface
Answer. c

(140).

As compared to relining and rebasing of a denture change is effected in :


a. Centric occlusion
b. Centric relation
c. Entire denture base
d. Tissue surface
Solution. Ans.140. refer ,winkler ,2nd edi
Relining-ddition of material on tissue surface
Rebasing we completely add a new denture base surface except teeth
Answer. c

(141).

Stability in RPD is best given by :


a. Harmonious occlusion
b. Retentive arm
c. Reciprocal arm
d. Using anatomical pontics
Solution. Ans.141. refer ,stewart ,2nd edi
Harmonious occlusion ,retentive clasp except retentive tip,reciprocal arm all can be the answer ,but best to choose is harmonious
occlusion .if deflective occlusal contacts present ,then stability is hampered badly.
Answer. a

(142).

One of the most important function of the clasp besides retention is :


a. Contralateral stabilization of the RPD
b. Distribution of stress to abutment tooth
c. Prevents the lifting away of the denture from the tissue surface
d. All of the above
Answer. d

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(143).

The most important mechanical property involved when a base metal partial denture clasp is adjused to:
a. Hardness
b. Proportional limit
c. Percentage elongation
d. Elastic limit
Solution. Ans.143.refrer stewart,2nd edi
When the clasp fabricated from base metal is adjusted using plier,the most important property is percentage elongation.if percentage
elongation is more ,then chances of breakage is less.otherwise adjusting of clasp due to less percentage elongation leading to clasp
breakage is most common cause of RPD failure after occlusal reat breakage.
Answer. c

(144).

The wrought wire clasp compared to cast gold clasps are :


a. More ductile and more resilient
b. Less ductile and more resilient
c. Less ductile and less resilient
d. More ductile but less resilient
Solution. Ans.144. refer stewart 2nd edi
Wrought wire clasp as in combination clasp are more ductile and resilient and have better percentage elongation.it is flexible and
produces less forces against abutment teeth,therefore can be given in periodontically weakened teeth
Answer. a

(145).

The most important cause of failure of Patient to wear RPD is due to :


a. Indifferent Patient education
b. Faulty laboratory procedures
c. Poor framework design
d. Improper primary rehabilitative restorative procedure
Solution. Ans.145.refer stewart,2nd edi
Mouth preparation not being addressed to improve the prognosis for RPD case can lead to failure .Most important reason besides other
option mentioned.
Answer. d

(146).

Primary stress bearing area in mandibular edentulous ridge is :


a. Buccal shelf
b. Crest of the ridge
c. Retromolar pad
d. Lingual flange
Solution. Ans.146. Primary stress bearing area in mandible is buccal shelf area as its mae of cortical bone and is perpendicular to
occlusal forces.it is very stable landmark and even preserved in resorbed ridges.
Answer. a

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(147).

Posterior palatal seal is recorded when the head is bent at :


a. 30
b. 15
c. 30
d. 45
Solution. Ans.147.PPS recording is done with head bent at 30 degrees to FH plane .As in this position,soft palate is In its most
downwards and forward position.so that PPS can be recorded with most intimate contact with tray.
Answer. a

(148).

A high tracing device is used for :


a. Extra oral graphic tracing
b. Intra oral graphic tracing
c. Cephalometric tracing
d. Determining facial form
Solution. Ans.148. refer to gothic arcg tracing que 10.
Answer. a

(149).

The labiodental sound are :


a. f,v,ph
b. f,z,s
c. s,z,c
d. f,v,z
Solution. Ans.149.refer bouchers 12th edi
Bilabial sounds-b,p,m
Labiodental-F,V
Alveolar-s,n ,d,t,z
Sibilants-s,z,sh.
Answer. a

(150).

Tissue conditioners are not used for long as they :


a. Hardens in mouth
b. Are expensive
c. Are difficult to fabricate
d. Cause ridge resorption
Solution. Ans.150winkler,2nd edi .tissue conditioners :the main disadvantage of tissue conditioners is that by products ie ethanol is
leached out of it after a week or so .it hardens in mouth because of that limiting its long term use.
Answer. a

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(151).

Numbness and tingling sensation felt in the anterior one third of the tongue is due to :
a. Over extended lingual borders
b. Sharp and rough lingual borders
c. Allergy to residual monomers of acrylic
d. Excessive vertical dimension
Solution. Ans.151.refer zarb and bolender,12th edi
Tingling and burning sensation in anterior third of tongue is due to overextended lingual borders ,as anterior third is richly supplied by
nerve,it irritates the nerve endings.anterior borders has to be trimmed for correcting this problem
Answer. a

(152).

Terminal end of retentive arm of extra coronal retainers is placed at :


a. Gingival third
b. Occlusal third
c. Middle third
d. Junction of middle and gingival third
Solution. Ans.152. refer stewart,2nd edi. The retentive terminal of clasp arm engages the undercut in gingival third .it is an occlusally
approaching clasp.and retentive tip should point occlusally.
Answer. a

(153).

The function of reciprocal clasp arm is :


a. To balance the denture
b. To act as a direct retainer
c. To counteract the movement of denture which is caused during engagement of retentive arm
d. none of the above
Solution. Ans.153,already explained about reciprocation.154[-ref . mc cracken 8th ed pg 92/11th ed pg 82,92 ]
Reciprocation:the retentive terminal should be passive ,and only engages the undercut on abutment if dislodging forces are applied.thers
forces have to be counteracted otherwise orthodontic movement may occur.this is provided by reciprocal arm of clasp assembly an term
given is reciprocation
Answer. c

(154).

The mean by which one part of RPD opposes the action of the retainer in the function is called :
a. Tripoding
b. Reciprocation
c. Retention
d. Stress breaking
Solution. Ans.,154already explained about reciprocation.154[-ref . mc cracken 8th ed pg 92/11th ed pg 82,92 ]
Reciprocation:the retentive terminal should be passive ,and only engages the undercut on abutment if dislodging forces are applied.thers
forces have to be counteracted otherwise orthodontic movement may occur.this is provided by reciprocal arm of clasp assembly an term
given is reciprocation
Answer. b

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(155).

Secondary retention for a removable partial denture is provided by :


a. The indirect retainer
b. The direct retainer
c. Intimate contact between the denture base and the underlying tissue
d. Direct and indirect retainers
Solution. Ans.155. refer stewart ,2nd edi
Primary retention for RPD derived from retentive clasp and in attachment supported RPD through attachments and secondary retention
is derived from intimate contact of underlying tissues with denture base via mechanical and physical factors.
Answer. c

(156).

Guiding planes on abutment teeth provide :


a. Predictable clasp retention
b. Increased resistance towards horizontal movement
c. Transmit forces along long axis of tooth
d. All of the above
Solution. Ans.156.156-[ref mc cracken 11 th ed pg 172]
guiding planes are prepared mainly on proximal surfaces or axial surfaces to tooth that bear parallel relationship to each other.Guiding
plate comes in frictional contact with guiding plane.they help determine path of insertion and therefore necessary for predictable clasp
retention.
Answer. a

(157).

The first step involved in relining a distal extension RPD is :


a. Ensuring the fitting of the framework
b. Checking for retention
c. Checking for stability
d. Checking for proper path of insertion
Solution. Ans.157, Ref Stewart ,2nd Edi,page 56
Relining is indicated in partial denture only if it fits well(completely seats) in terms of occlusal rests,indirect retainers,direct retainers
and guiding planes.if not ,then fabrication of new cast partial denture is done
Answer. a

(158).

Tissue stop for distal extension denture base is made by removing ___ of relief was :
a. 2 mm
b. 3 mm
c. 2 sq .mm
d. 3 sq .mm
Solution. Ans.158.-Ref Rudd & morrow, Lab procedures for RPD
Relief wax is used to provide space under rpd so that that thickness is taken up by acrylic during packing of Rpd .Also for tissue stops
during impression making, 2mm2 of relief wax is removed in distal extension cases for tray orientation and tray stabilization.
Answer. c

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(159).

In mandibular guide flange prosthesis flange extension should be preferably in the region of :
a. Maxillary II molar
b. Anterior to maxillary premolar
c. Maxillary II premolar
d. On any tooth
Answer. c

(160).

Functional occlusal forces applied to the periodontal tissue during one deglutition is for dilation of :
a. 0.3 sec
b. 0.5 sec
c. 1.0 sec
d. 1.5 sec
Solution. Ans.160.Functional occlusal forces applied to the periodontal tissue during one deglutition is for duration of 1 sec.
Answer. c

(161).

Emergency retentive force for the maxillary complete denture is :


a. hard palate
b. Soft palate
c. Posterior palatal seal
d. Base of the tongue
Solution. Ans.161-retention due to atmospheric pressure is directly proportional to the area covered by the denture base . atmospheric
pressure is called emergency retentive force or temporary retraining force . it is about 14.7 lb/sq .inch and is effective only when there is
adequate peripheral seal or post palatal seal.
162-the mandibular labial frenum is a fibrous band that can be influenced by the incisivus and orbicularis muscles . unlike maxillary
labial frenum , the mandibular labial frenum is active because of its attachments from the orbicularis oris.
Answer. c

(162).

The mandibular labial frenum is a fibrous band that can be influenced by :


a. Incisivus
b. Orbicularis oris
c. Caninus and incisivus
d. Incisivus and orbicularis oris
Answer. d

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(163).

While taking final impression tray should be seated first :


a. anteriorly
b. Posteriorly
c. Anteriorly and posteriorly depending upon operators choice
d. Anteriorly and posteriorly simultaneously
Solution. Ans.163. the correct positioning of tray in the patients mouth is essential to make a good impression . the tray should be
seated first anteriorly with labial notch act as a guide for the placement of the tray in the patients mouth for making final impression
.this is easily achieved by observing the position of the labial frenum relative to the labial notch in the tray when the frenum is positioned
with in the notch the index finger are shifted to the molar region to apply pressure.
Answer. a

(164).

the upper denture falls when the patient opens his mouth wide. this is due to :
a. Thick labial flange
b. Over extended border
c. Thick disto- buccal flange
d. Poor peripheral seal
Solution. Ans.164. the thickness of distobuccal flange of maxilla must be adjusted to accommodate the ramus , coronoid process and
the masseter .if the flange is too thick ,the coronoid process will push the denture out of place during opening or lateral movement of
mandible.
Answer. c

(165).

Distal palatal termination of the maxillary complete denture base is dictated by the :
a. Vibrating line
b. Fovea palatine
c. Tuberosity
d. Maxillary torus
Solution. Ans.165. [ref, Bouchers 12th ed pg 342,422] distal termination of maxillary denture should be till hamular notch and posterior
vibrating line.fovea palatine is not universal finding in all patients and its position varies in different patients,therefore not a stable
landmark.
Answer. a

(166).

Instructing the patient to say ah with short vigorous breaks is will help in visualizing :
a. soft palate
b. Posterior vibrating line
c. Anterior vibrating line
d. junction of head and soft palate
Solution. Ans.166. [ref,Bouchers 12th ed pg 217,226, Winker 2nd ed pg 111]asking the patients to say ah in short vigorous spurts will
help in visualizing anterior vibrating line ,and asking patients to say ah in normal slow manner helps in visualizing posterior vibrating
line
Answer. c

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(167).

Fovea palatine are :


a. Structures through which blood supply take place
b. Mucosal salivary glands
c. Palatal termination of maxillary denture
d. Found in every individual
Solution. Ans.167-[ref, Winkler 2nd ed pg 109] fovea palatine are openings of mucous salivary glands and always present in soft
palate.they are relief structures in maxilla.
Answer. b

(168).

Hinge axis face bow records :


a. Relationship of teeth to the axis of rotation of the jaw
b. Relationship of maxilla to mandible
c. Relationship of mandible to cranium
d. All of the above
Solution. Ans.168-[refer, bouchers 12th ed pg 285]
The hinge axis facebow records the relationship of maxillary teeth to the opening and closing axis of the mandible
Answer. a

(169).

Increased VDO results in :


a. Strained facial appearance
b. Trauma of underlying tissues
c. Clicking of teeth
d. All of the above
Solution. Ans.169-[refef, Boucher 12th ed pg 277, 282
Answer. d

(170).

Bennett movement of mandible is related to:


a. Condylar rotation
b. Lateral bodily movement of mandible
c. Protrusive movement of mandible
d. Edge to edge occlusion
Solution. Ans.170-[refer, bouchers 10th ed pg 259] bennet movement is bodily side shift of mandible during lateral excursions.various
phases:immediate side shift,precurrent side shift and progressive side shift are involved
Answer. b

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(171).

During gothic arch tracing apex indicates :


a. Centric occlusion
b. Horizontal jaw relations
c. Centric relation
d. Physiologic rest position
Solution. Ans.171-[refer bouchers 10th ed pg 291]
goithic arch tracing is an extra oral method of recording centric relation . the lateral mandibular movements should be made until the
apex is sharp to indicate the true retruded position of mandible.
Answer. c

(172).

Thickness of wax in interocclusal record is :


a. 9 mm
b. 2 mm
c. 2 cm
d. 10 mm
Solution. Ans.172-[refer,bouchers 12th ed pg 333]
wax, plaster, zoe paste ,self cure resins are commonly used for interocclusal records .thickness of 2mm required
Answer. b

(173).

Which muscle does not decussate in modiolus :


a. Levator labii superious
b. Obicularis oris
c. Zygomaticus major
d. Buccinator
Solution. Ans.173.refer boucher 12th ed pg263
Modiolus :8 muscles decussate at corner of mouth: depressor anguli oris,levator anguli oris,risorius,orbicularis
oris,buccinators,buccinators,zygomaticus major,quadrates labii superioris and inferioris
Answer. a

(174).

Face bows are classified as :


a. Arbitrary face bow and true face bow
b. Arbitrary and kinematic face bow
c. Arbitrary and value face bow
d. None of the above
Solution. Ans.174-[refer,Zarb and bolender 12th ed pg 351]
-facebow is a caliper like instrument used to orient maxillary cast on the articulator so that it has the same relationship to the opening
axis of the jaws. They are of two types ,the kinematic and arbitrary. The kinematic is used to locate the true terminal hinge axis and
transfer this record to the articulator when mounting the maxillary cast. The arbitrary face bow is the one generally used in the
construction of complete dentures and is based on average computations of an axis opening of the jaw. It is simple to use and relatively
accurate
Answer. b

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(175).

Retromylohyoid curtain is formed by all except :


a. Superior constrictor
b. Palatoglossal muscle
c. Mylohyoid
d. Masseeter
Solution. Ans.175-[refbouchers 12th ed pg 241]
retromylohyoid fossa is bounded by retromylohyoid curtain. It is formed posteriolaterally by superior constrictor ,posteromedially by
palatoglossal muscle and lateral surface of tongue, inferiorly by submandibular gland and mylohyoid muscle(just ending at anterior
border)
Answer. d

(176).

Fischers angle is formed by the intersection of the protusive and non working side condylar paths ,as viewed in the :
a. Horizontal plane
b. Reverse plane
c. Sagittal plane
d. Oblique plane
Solution. Ans.176 [refer glossary of prosthodontic terms]
-Fischers angle is defined as the difference between the saggital condylar inclinations during protrusive and lateral excursions on the
non working side or its the angle between the protrusive and non working condylar path viewed in the saggital plane.Its average value
is 5 degrees.
Answer. c

(177).

Bennefit angle is formed between sagital plane and average path of the advancing condyle as viewed in the horizontal plane during :
a. Medial movement
b. Lateral movement
c. Centric freedom
d. Inter cuspal movement
Solution. Ans.177 [refer,winkler 2nd ed pg 159]
bennet angle is formed by the saggital plane and the path of advancing condyle during lateral mandibular movements as viewed in the
horizontal plane.
Answer. b

(178).

The antero posterior curve is :


a. Curve of space
b. Curve of Wilson
c. Curve of monsoon
d. Bonwill curve
Solution. Ans.178-[ref. bhalaji 5th ed pg 71 anteroposterior compensating curve due to axial inclination of teeth curve of spee
Mediolateral curve-corve of Wilson which goes mediolaterally touching the buccal cusp of molars on one side and going to opposing
sides.
Answer. a

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(179).

Transfer of high opening axis is compulsory in :


a. Partially edentulous
b. Complete edentulous
c. Orthodontics
d. Planning to change vertical dimension
Solution. Ans.179-[refer, winkler 2nd ed pg 185]
Hinge axis is an imaginary line passing through the centre of the condyles when the mandible rotates in the sagittal plane .the axis of
rotation which coincides with the CR position of the mandible is called true hinge axis. Patients hinge axis can be transferred into the
articulator with the help of facebow.
A facebow transfer is essential when cusp teeth are used and also to change the occlusal vertical dimensions . arbitrary mounting of
maxillary casts without the facebow transfer can introduce error in occlusion of prosthesi. So transferring the hinge axis is must when we
are planning for full mouth rehabilitation and in patients who require increase in vertical dimension
Answer. d

(180).

Movement of denture base was the least in patient with poor ridge when :
a. 20 teeth were used
b. 33 teeth were used
c. 0 teeth were used
d. Inverted cusp were used
Solution. Ans.180-{ref. winkler 2nd ed pg 237,238}
cuspless teeth also called as non anatomic teeth or monoplane teeth . in cases with the highly resorbed ridges, cuspless teeth are
preferred as they do not get locked and displace the dentures during lateral movements . during function , the monoplane teeth
eliminate inclined plane forces which create displacement of the denture base.
Answer. c

(181).

In parkinsonism patient teeth selected are :


a. Anatomic
b. Non anatomic
c. Semi anatomic
d. Saucer teeth
Solution. Ans.181 [-ref , restorative dentistry: an integrated approach by peter Jacobsen 2nd ed pg 283]
Indications of non anatomic or cuspless teeth are:
.flat atropic ridge
.knife edge ridges
.large interridge spae
.Miling type of chewing pattern with broad excursions
.where debilitation has reduced the patients coordination needed to handle a cusped type of occlusion.
.in patients with bruxism to decrease the forces on the buccal tissues.
.patient with neuromuscular disorders where accurate jaw relations cannot be recorded.
.in case of highly resorbed ridge , as they do not get locked or displace the denture during function .
.difficulty in consistently returning to the centric jaw relation .
.existing dentures with very worn teeth that have permitted unrestricted jaw movements.
Answer. b

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(182).

Identify the material used in maxillofacial prosthesis is


a. Polyurethane elastomers
b. Polycarbonate
c. Auto polymerization acrylic resins
d. Polymyxin B
Solution. Ans.182-[refer Philips pg 755 ]
Materials for maxillofacial prosthesis:latex,vinyl plastics,silicones-room temperature vulcanizing and heat vulcanizing
rubbers,polyurethane polymers.
Answer. a

(183).

Maximum coverage to distribute forces over a wide area:


a. Snow shoe effects
b. Bezold- brucke effect
c. Realeff effect
d. Spectral curve
Solution. Ans.183 [-ref. mc cracken 11th ed pg 129]
Snow shoe effect-broad coverage furnishes the best support with the least load per unit area .it is the principle of choice for providing
maximum support
Answer. a

(184).

A minor connector contacting the axial surface of an abutment should not be located at :
a. Flat surface
b. Cancavo - convex surface
c. convex surface
d. Concave surface
Solution. Ans.184-[Ref . mc cracken 11th ed pg 55]
Minor connector contacting the axial surface of an abutment should not be located on a convex surface . instead it should be located in
an embrasure(interproximally)
Answer. c

(185).

The sublingual bar can be used for mandibular removable partial dentures where the height of the floor of the mouth in relation of the
free gingival margins will be :
a. less than 6 mm
b. Greater than 6 mm
c. less than 8 mm
d. more than 8 mm
Solution. Ans.185-{ref. mc crackens 11th ed pg 61]
The sublingual bar should not be used for mandibular removable partial dentures where the height of the floor of the mouth in relation to
the free gingival margins will be less then 6 mm
Answer. a

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(186).

For strength and rigidity the vertical height of a finished lingual bar should be at least :
a. 6 mm
b. 7 mm
c. 4 mm
d. 5 mm
Solution. Ans.186-[ref steward 3rd ed pg 33]
The minimum height of major connector should be 5.0 mm , and there should be 3.0 mm of span between superior border of lingual bar
and gingival margins . hence ,minimum vertical height required for lingual bar is 8.0 mm
Answer. d

(187).

In a tooth supported partial denture movement of the base towards the edentulous ridge is prevented primary by :
a. Clasps on abutment teeth
b. Rests on abutment teeth
c. Indirect retainer on abutment teeth
d. Minor connector on abutment teeth
Solution. Ans.187.see previous ques explanations on occlusal rests.
Answer. b

(188).

Sequence of steps in RPD :


a. Guide plane, axial contouring, rest seat
b. Axial contouring, guide plane ,rest seat
c. Axial contouring, rest seat ,guide plane
d. None of the above
Solution. Ans.188.Ref Stewart ,3nd Edi,page 280
Rest seat preparation should follow once guide planes are made,never before otherwise dimensions of rest seats will change.Therefore
,follow :Guide planes-axial contouring-last is rest seat preparation
Answer. a

(189).

Setting time of plaster is influenced by :


a. Water: powder ratio
b. Speed of mixing
c. Adding of gypsum
d. All of the above
Solution. Ans.189-the w/p ratio is an important factor in determining the physical and chemical properties of gypsum products . if w/p
ratio increases ,the setting time increases and setting expansion decreases . within the physical limits ,the longer and more rapidly the
plaster is mixed ,shorter is the setting time . the setting time can be accelerated by adding gypsum ,potassium sulphate or NaCl.
Answer. d

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(190).

The retromolar pads as a land mark is :


a. Relatively unstable
b. Relatively stable
c. Variable
d. none of the above
Solution. Ans.190.see explanation of ques 2
Answer. b

(191).

During recording of PPS,head is titled to touch the sternum :


a. To activate the muscle of palate and pharynx
b. To activate the muscle of soft plate only
c. To prevent flow of material to throat
d. help in sucking and swallowing
Solution. Ans.191. refer winkler 2nd edi .this question has raised many controversies.but here the best option to choose is that bending
the head to 30 deg when chin touches the sternum ,activates the soft palate in most forward and downward direction.and this creates
intimate contact of tray with soft tissues and thus no space is present for the material to flow into pharynx.
Answer. c

(192).

While recording condylar guidance using three pin articulator ,the incisal pin is kept
a. out of contact
b. In contact with incisal table
c. Removed from articulation
d. Non significant
Solution. Ans.192 [refer,schillingberg 3rd ed pg 67]
-while setting condylar guidance ,the incisal guide pin should be raised out of contact with the incisal table.
Answer. a

(193).

The record of the position of the patients maxillary ridge in relation to the condyles is the :
a. Jaw relation record
b. Articulator record
c. Face bow record
d. ecentric jaw relation
Solution. Ans.193.see explanation of ques regarding face bow.
Answer. c

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(194).

Jiffy dentures is a type of


a. Interim immediate denture
b. interim partial denture
c. interim overdenture
d. none
Solution. Ans.194refer boucher 12 edi pg-123.jiffy denture is a type of interim immediate denture. its indicated when immediate
denture needs to be fabricated very quickly ,due to emergency situation or medical problems.here denture teeth are made from tooth
colored autopolymerising resin.also existing dentures of patient can be modified to make jiffy dentures.
Answer. a

(195).

Massetric notch is formed by:


a. action of medial pterygoid on buccinator
b. action of buccinator on massetor
c. action of superior constrictor on buccinators
d. none
Solution. Ans.195.refer bouchers ,12 edi pg 239
Masseteric notch on distobuccal border is formed by action of massetor on buccinators muscle.when it contracts it pushes inwards
against the buccinators and produces bulge in mouth.it should be well recorded so that dislodgement of denture is prevented .
Answer. d

(196).

Incorporation of peripheral seal in an impression is necessary to obtain :


a. Stability
b. Functionally moulded periphery
c. Harmonious occlusion
d. Posterior palatal seal
Solution. Ans.196. refer bouchers 12th ed
With help of border molding ,the periphery /borders are functionally molded ,so that peripheral seal can be maintained .this is why its
also called muscle trimming.
Answer. b

(197).

Maxwell - voigt model is to determine


a. Elastic behavior
b. Plastic behavior
c. Viscoelastic behavior
d. Boiling point
Solution. Ans.197refer Philips- pg 211
Viscoelasticity: means a material which can act as viscous liquid and elastic solid.so it helps the material to flow well and adapt well to
tissues .and also because of elasticity after setting of material allow it to overcome undercuts without permanent deformation.the
simplest model that demonstrates the viscoelastic behavior is Maxwell-voigt model consisting of spring, and dashpot.
Answer. c

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(198).

Catalyst present in polysulfide elastomeric impression :


a. Polysulfide polymer
b. Titanium dioxide
c. Lead oxide
d. Lithopone
Solution. Ans.198. refer Philips .pg-212.- 13
Polysulphides:base paste-polysulphide polymer,,suitable filler(lithopone,titanium dioxide.) for strength ,plasticiser(dibutyl phthalate.
Catalyst paste-contains lead oxide that gives its characteristic brown color
Answer. c

(199).

Major constituent of an inlay pattern wax :


a. Microcrystalline wax
b. Ceresin wax
c. Beswax
d. Paraffin
Solution. Ans.199.Refer Philips pg285 inlay wax:composition paraffin (major constituent-40-60 wt % -but produces flakiness and
doesnot produce glossy smooth surface), so other waxes like microcrystalline wax,synthetic waxes.canellila,ceresin
wax,fillers,plasticisers are added.
Answer. d

(200).

A patient straining to bring the lips together after wearing a complete denture:
a. decreased vertical dimension
b. increased elasticity of lips
c. use of monoplane teeth
d. none
Solution. Ans.200. Refer bouchers ,10th edi.
When there is increased vertical dimension strained appearance of face,clicking of dentures ,difficulty in swallowing ,incompetent lips
(patient making conscious effort to close lips).
Answer. d

Test Answer
1.(c)

2.(d)

3.(d)

4.(b)

5.(d)

6.(a)

7.(a)

8.(c)

9.(b)

10.(d)

11.(c)

12.(d)

13.(b)

14.(d)

15.(b)

16.(c)

17.(c)

18.(c)

19.(a)

20.(b)

21.(d)

22.(b)

23.(a)

24.(a)

25.(c)

26.(a)

27.(d)

28.(d)

29.(d)

30.(c)

31.(c)

32.(b)

33.(c)

34.(a)

35.(a)

36.(a)

37.(a)

38.(c)

39.(a)

40.(b)

41.(d)

42.(a)

43.(c)

44.(d)

45.(b)

46.(d)

47.(d)

48.(b)

49.(c)

50.(d)

51.(b)

52.(c)

53.(c)

54.(b)

55.(b)

56.(b)

57.(b)

58.(d)

59.(d)

60.(b)

61.(d)

62.(d)

63.(d)

64.(a)

65.(d)

66.(c)

67.(d)

68.(b)

69.(b)

70.(a)

71.(c)

72.(a)

73.(a)

74.(a)

75.(a)

76.(d)

77.(a)

78.(c)

79.(c)

80.(b)

81.(c)

82.(c)

83.(a)

84.(d)

85.(d)

86.(a)

87.(a)

88.(a)

89.(d)

90.(a)

91.(c)

92.(a)

93.(c)

94.(b)

95.(b)

96.(c)

97.(b)

98.(d)

99.(b)

100.(a)

101.(d)

102.(d)

103.(d)

104.(b)

105.(c)

106.(b)

107.(c)

108.(c)

109.(a)

110.(d)

111.(c)

112.(c)

113.(c)

114.(a)

115.(c)

116.(d)

117.(a)

118.(a)

119.(c)

120.(b)

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121.(c)

122.(b)

123.(b)

124.(b)

125.(a)

126.(b)

127.(b)

128.(c)

129.(c)

130.(d)

131.(d)

132.(c)

133.(a)

134.(c)

135.(c)

136.(a)

137.(c)

138.(d)

139.(c)

140.(c)

141.(a)

142.(d)

143.(c)

144.(a)

145.(d)

146.(a)

147.(a)

148.(a)

149.(a)

150.(a)

151.(a)

152.(a)

153.(c)

154.(b)

155.(c)

156.(a)

157.(a)

158.(c)

159.(c)

160.(c)

161.(c)

162.(d)

163.(a)

164.(c)

165.(a)

166.(c)

167.(b)

168.(a)

169.(d)

170.(b)

171.(c)

172.(b)

173.(a)

174.(b)

175.(d)

176.(c)

177.(b)

178.(a)

179.(d)

180.(c)

181.(b)

182.(a)

183.(a)

184.(c)

185.(a)

186.(d)

187.(b)

188.(a)

189.(d)

190.(b)

191.(c)

192.(a)

193.(c)

194.(a)

195.(d)

196.(b)

197.(c)

198.(c)

199.(d)

200.(d)

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