If You Lived Here

Youd Be Driving Less by Now

Moving Forward Montgomery: The

Continuing Transformation of
Americas Suburbs
May 9th, 2014

Source: Arlington Magazine

Source: Unknown

Arlington County Commuter Services

TDM for Site Plans
Employer/MultiFamily/Developer
Services

Direct Outreach,
Information, and
Sales

Bikeshare

Source: NACTO Urban Street Design Guide; http://www.nacto.org/usdg/

Source: NACTO Urban Street Design Guide; http://www.nacto.org/usdg/

Source: Generation Zero, via http://www.transportblog.co.nz

Study Building Locations

Data
Collection
methods:
Voluntary
resident
survey

24 x 7
vehicle trip
and parking
data
Field survey
Property
manager
interviews

16 residential
buildings =
7 apartments,
1 extendedstay hotel, and
8 condos

100%

Commute Mode Shares Compared

Share of Weekly Commute Trips

80%

Study Residents
All Arlington residents
64%

60%

Region

54%
51%

40%

34%
27%
21%

20%

7%

8%
2%

5% 6% 6%

3%

5%

7%

0%

Drive-alone

Transit

Bike/walk

TW/CWS

Mode
Sources: 2010 Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments State of the Commute Survey; Resident Surveys
Sample Sizes: Region, n = 6,050; Live in Arlington, n = 551; Study Buildings, n = 1,283

Drive/ride with
others

Non-Work Trip Mode Share

100%
Study Residents
Arlington Residents
Share of all Non-Work Trips

80%

60%

40%

40% 40%

36%
25%

20%

21%
16%

14%
8%

0%
Drive alone

Transit

Bike/Walk
Mode

Source: Resident Surveys; 2009 Arlington Resident Survey

Drive / ride with

others

Daily Trips per Occupied Unit (Mon-Thurs) and

Neighborhood Intensity

Trips per Occupied Unit

6.00

5.00

4.00

3.00

2.00

1.00

0.00
0

50

100

150

200

(Residents + Employees) / Acre within 1/4 Mile of Building

250

Observed Peak-Hour Vehicle Trip-Generation Rates

Compared with ITE Standard Rates, Function of
Distance from Metro
100
Share of ITE Standard (Percent)

90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
< 0.2 miles from Metrorail > 0.2 miles from Metrorail; in
Metro Corridor
Weekday AM

Weekday PM

Saturday

Outside Metro Corridor

Sunday

Garage Utilization by Distance to Metro

100%
< 0.2 miles from Metrorail
80%

81%

82%

> 0.2 miles from Metrorail; in

Metro Corridor
Outside Metro Corridor

Observed Rate

75%

50%
40%

37%

25%

20%

0%
Maximum

Minimum
Parking Occupancy

Transit-Focused TDM and Non-Work Mode Share

Not Available

100%

Share of all Non-Work Trips

Available
80%

60%

40%

20%

19%
14%

13%

12%

13%

15%

0%

Shuttle to bus/train

Discounted transit pass

Transit route/schedule info

Transit Mode Share with and without TDM Measures

Survey Question Q26 Listed below are travel services or benefits that might be available at the building or in the
complex where you live. For each service or benefit, indicate if the service: is available and you have used it,
is available and you have not used it, is not available Transit schedule or route information; Shuttle

Biking/Walking TDM and Non-Work Mode Share

Noservicesreported

100%

Share of All Non-Work Trips

Servicesavailable

Bike/walk info
No services
n = 569
Available, used
n = 847

80%

60%

40%

26%

28%
22%

22%

20%

0%

Bike parking

Bike/walk info

Bike Mode Share with and without TDM Measures

Bike parking
No services
n = 440

Q26 Listed
below are travel services or benefits that might be available at the building or in the complex where you
Available
live.
n = 976For each service or benefit, indicate if the service: is available and you have used it, is available and you
have not used it, is not available Bicycle or walking information; Secure parking for bicycles

Work-Based TDM and Commute Mode Share

100%
Noservicesreported
LowTDM
ModerateTDM

Share of Weekly Work Trips

80%

No services
reported
n = 279
Low TDM
n = 401
Moderate TDM
n = 226

HighTDM

71%
64%
60%

54%
44%
40%

40%

34%
25%
18%

20%

10%

7% 6%
5%

0%

Walk/bike

Transit

Drive-alone

Mode
High TDM
n = 353
Q25 Listed
below are travel services or benefits that might be available at your work. For each service or benefit,

indicate if the service: is available and you have used it, is available and you have not used it, is not available.

Results from Trip-Generation Studies Compared

Observed Trip Rates as a Ratio of ITE Predicted Rates

TCRP

ACCS

TCRP DC

120%
110%
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
0

0.5

1.5

2.5

Distance to Rail Station (miles)

Source: TCRP, Arrington, G.B. and R. Cervero. 2008.

3.5

Results from Trip-Generation Studies Compared,

Buildings Closer than One Mile to Rail
Observed Trip Rates as a Ratio of ITE Predicted Rates

TCRP

TCRP DC

ACCS

100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
0

0.1

Source: TCRP, Arrington, G.B. and R. Cervero. 2008.

0.2

0.3
0.4
0.5
Distance to Rail Station (miles)

0.6

0.7

0.8

Takeaways
Our Findings
VehicletripgenerationlowerthanITEpredictions.
Residentsusetransit,bike,andwalkmorethanotherArlingtonians
andregionalresidents.
WorkbasedTDMandlanduseinfluencecommutemodechoice,
whileresidentialTDMinfluencesnonworktrips.

Implications
Planningstandardsareimportant,buttheymightoverestimate
vehicletripsandparkingneedsforyourdevelopment
TDMmandateshelpwithdatacollection
Jointheefforttomakebetterstandards.

Thank You
Contactme,StephenCrim,at
stephen.crim@mobilitylab.org
Visitourwebsite:http://www.mobilitylab.org
Twitter:@mobilitylabteam
Facebook:https://www.facebook.com/MobilityLabTeam
Meetup:http://www.meetup.com/MobilityLab/

Resources
ArlingtonResidentialBuildingTransportationPerformance
MonitoringStudy:http://mobilitylab.org/2013/10/10/residential
buildingtransportationperformancemonitoringstudy/
DDOTStudy:http://tiny.cc/DDOTtripgen
TCRPReport128:
https://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/tcrp/tcrp_rpt_128.pdf

Appendix: Building Sample Characteristics

3,700occupieddwellingunits(96%)
4,840totalparkingspaces,alltypes
1.04 1.55residentialparkingspacesperunit(notincluding
visitor/retailspaces)
Over38,000tripscounted
11siteswithinMetrorailcorridors,5outside
3sitesoutsidetheMetrorailcorridorsoffershuttletoMetroor
ongoingtransitsubsidy
EastFallsChurchisconsideredoutsideMetrorailcorridorsfor
purposesofthisstudy