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INTRODUCTION
According to the 2010 Census,
5.2 million people in the United States
identified as American Indian and
Alaska Native, either alone or in combination with one or more other races.
Out of this total, 2.9 million people
identified as American Indian and
Alaska Native alone. Almost half of
the American Indian and Alaska Native
population, or 2.3 million people,
reported being American Indian and
Alaska Native in combination with one
or more other races. The American
Indian and Alaska Native in combination population experienced rapid
growth, increasing by 39 percent
since 2000.
This report provides a portrait of
the American Indian and Alaska Native
population in the United States and discusses that populations distribution at the
national level and at lower levels of geography.1 It is part of a series that analyzes
population and housing data collected
from the 2010 Census.
The data for this report are based on the
2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public
Law 94-171) Summary File, which was the
first 2010 Census data product released
with data on race and Hispanic origin,
including information on the American
Indian and Alaska Native population,
and was provided to each state for use
in drawing boundaries for legislative
1
This report discusses data for the 50 states and
the District of Columbia, but not Puerto Rico.
Figure 1.
2
Information on the 2010 Census Redistricting
Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File is available
online at <http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data
/redistricting-data.php>.
3
Information on the 2010 Census Summary File 1
is available online at <http://2010.census.gov/news
/press-kits/summary-file-1.html>.
4
American Indian tribal groupings refer to the
combining of individual American Indian tribes, such
as Fort Sill Apache, Mescalero Apache, and San Carlos
Apache, into the general Apache tribal grouping. For
Alaska Natives, tribal groupings refer to the combining
of individual Alaska Native tribes, such as King Salmon
Tribe, Native Village of Kanatak, and Sunaq Tribe of
Kodiak, into the general Aleut tribal grouping.
By
Tina Norris,
Paula L. Vines,
and
Elizabeth M. Hoeffel
UNDERSTANDING RACE
DATA FROM THE 2010
CENSUS
The 2010 Census used
federal standards to collect
and present data on race.
For the 2010 Census, the question
on race was asked of individuals living in the United States (see
Figure 1). An individuals response
to the race question was based
upon self-identification. The U.S.
Census Bureau collects information
on race following the guidance of
the U.S. Office of Management and
Budgets (OMB) 1997 Revisions to
the Standards for the Classification
of Federal Data on Race and
Ethnicity.5 These federal standards
mandate that race and Hispanic
origin (ethnicity) are separate and
distinct concepts and that when
collecting these data via self-
identification, two different questions must be used.6
Starting in 1997, OMB required
federal agencies to use a minimum
of five race categories: White, Black
or African American, American
Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, and
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific
Islander. For respondents unable
to identify with any of these five
race categories, OMB approved
the Census Bureaus inclusion of
a sixth categorySome Other
Raceon the Census 2000 and
2010 Census questionnaires. The
1997 OMB standards also allowed
5
The 1997 Revisions to the Standards for
the Classification of Federal Data on Race and
Ethnicity, issued by OMB, is available at
<www.whitehouse.gov/omb/fedreg
_1997standards>.
6
The OMB requires federal agencies to
use a minimum of two ethnicities: Hispanic
or Latino and Not Hispanic or Latino. Hispanic
origin can be viewed as the heritage,
nationality group, lineage, or country of
birth of the person or the persons parents or
ancestors before their arrival in the United
States. People who identify their origin as
Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish may be of any
race. Hispanic or Latino refers to a person
of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or
Central American, or other Spanish culture or
origin regardless of race.
7
For information about comparability
of 2010 Census data on race and Hispanic
origin to data collected in previous censuses,
see the 2010 Census Redistricting Data
(Public Law 94-171) Summary FileTechnical
Documentation at <www.census.gov/prod
/cen2010/doc/pl94-171.pdf>.
one or
more races to indicate what this person considers himself/herself to be in 2000 to What
is this persons race? Mark one or more
boxes for 2010. Second, in 2010, examples
were added to the Other Asian response
category (Hmong, Laotian, Thai, Pakistani,
Cambodian, and so on) and the Other Pacific
Islander response category (Fijian, Tongan,
and so on). In 2000, no examples were given
in the race question.
10
The race categories included in the
census questionnaire generally reflect a social
definition of race recognized in this country
and are not an attempt to define race biologically, anthropologically, or genetically. In addition, it is recognized that the categories of
the race question include race and national
origin or sociocultural groups.
11
Humes, K., N. Jones, and R. Ramirez.
2011. Overview of Race and Hispanic
Origin: 2010, U.S. Census Bureau, 2010
Census Briefs, C2010BR-02, available at
<www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs
/c2010br-02.pdf>.
Table 1.
(For information on confidentiality protection, nonsampling error, and definitions, see www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/doc/pl94-171.pdf)
2000
2010
Percentage
of total
Number population
Race
Total population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
American Indian and Alaska Native alone or
in combination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
American Indian and Alaska Native alone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
American Indian and Alaska Native in combination. . . . . . . . .
American Indian and Alaska Native; White. . . . . . . . . . . . .
American Indian and Alaska Native; Black or
African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
American Indian and Alaska Native; White; Black or
African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
American Indian and Alaska Native; Some Other Race. . . .
American Indian and Alaska Native; Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
All other combinations including American Indian and
Alaska Native. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not American Indian and Alaska Native alone or
in combination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
281,421,906
Percentage
of total
Number population
100.0 308,745,538
100.0
Number Percent
27,323,632
9.7
4,119,301
2,475,956
1,643,345
1,082,683
1.5
0.9
0.6
0.4
5,220,579
2,932,248
2,288,331
1,432,309
1.7
0.9
0.7
0.5
1,101,278
456,292
644,986
349,626
26.7
18.4
39.2
32.3
182,494
0.1
269,421
0.1
86,927
47.6
112,207
93,842
52,429
230,848
115,752
58,829
0.1
118,641
21,910
6,400
105.7
23.3
12.2
119,690
181,172
0.1
61,482
51.4
98.5 303,524,959
98.3
26,222,354
9.5
277,302,605
MULTIPLE-RACE REPORTING
AMONG THE AMERICAN
INDIAN AND ALASKA
NATIVE POPULATION
18
Information on national-level 2010
Census redistricting data (Public Law
94-171) for race groups is available online at
<http://2010.census.gov/news/press-kits
/redistricting.html>.
Figure 2.
Midwest
South
9.7
16.8
32.8
9.1
17.4
30.6
West
40.7
43.0
2010
2000
18.3
American Indian and
Alaska Native alone
7.3 15.6
6.6
16.1
31.5
45.6
29.3
48.0
2010
2000
18.4
American Indian and
Alaska Native
in combination
12.8
18.4
34.4
34.4
2010
12.9
19.2
32.5
35.5
2000
THE GEOGRAPHIC
DISTRIBUTION OF THE
AMERICAN INDIAN
AND ALASKA NATIVE
POPULATION
The largest proportion of the
American Indian and Alaska
Native population lived in the
West.
In the 2010 Census, 41 percent of
the American Indian and Alaska
Native alone-or-in-combination
population lived in the West (see
Figure 2). The South had the
second-largest proportion followed
Table 2.
American Indian and Alaska Native Population for the United States, Regions, and States,
and for Puerto Rico: 2000 and 2010
(For information on confidentiality protection, nonsampling error, and definitions, see www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/doc/pl94-171.pdf)
American Indian and Alaska Native
Area
Alone
Alone or in combination
American Indian
and Alaska
Native in
combination
as a
percentage
of alone or in
combination
In combination
United States . . . .
2000
4,119,301
2010
5,220,579
Percent
change
26 .7
2000
2,475,956
2010
2,932,248
Percent
change
18 .4
2000
1,643,345
2010
2,288,331
Percent
change
39 .2
2000
39 .9
2010
43 .8
REGION
Northeast . . . . . . . . . . . .
Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
374,035
714,792
1,259,230
1,771,244
505,490
879,438
1,712,102
2,123,549
35 .1
23 .0
36 .0
19 .9
162,558
399,490
725,919
1,187,989
212,864
458,611
923,783
1,336,990
30 .9
14 .8
27 .3
12 .5
211,477
315,302
533,311
583,255
292,626
420,827
788,319
786,559
38 .4
33 .5
47 .8
34 .9
56 .5
44 .1
42 .4
32 .9
57 .9
47 .9
46 .0
37 .0
STATE
Alabama . . . . . . . . . . . .
Alaska . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arizona . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arkansas . . . . . . . . . . . .
California . . . . . . . . . . . .
Colorado . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connecticut . . . . . . . . . .
Delaware . . . . . . . . . . . .
District of Columbia . . . .
Florida . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
44,449
119,241
292,552
37,002
627,562
79,689
24,488
6,069
4,775
117,880
57,118
138,312
353,386
47,588
723,225
107,832
31,140
9,899
6,521
162,562
28 .5
16 .0
20 .8
28 .6
15 .2
35 .3
27 .2
63 .1
36 .6
37 .9
22,430
98,043
255,879
17,808
333,346
44,241
9,639
2,731
1,713
53,541
28,218
104,871
296,529
22,248
362,801
56,010
11,256
4,181
2,079
71,458
25 .8
7 .0
15 .9
24 .9
8 .8
26 .6
16 .8
53 .1
21 .4
33 .5
22,019
21,198
36,673
19,194
294,216
35,448
14,849
3,338
3,062
64,339
28,900
33,441
56,857
25,340
360,424
51,822
19,884
5,718
4,442
91,104
31 .3
57 .8
55 .0
32 .0
22 .5
46 .2
33 .9
71 .3
45 .1
41 .6
49 .5
17 .8
12 .5
51 .9
46 .9
44 .5
60 .6
55 .0
64 .1
54 .6
50 .6
24 .2
16 .1
53 .2
49 .8
48 .1
63 .9
57 .8
68 .1
56 .0
Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hawaii . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Illinois . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Iowa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Kansas . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Kentucky . . . . . . . . . . . .
Louisiana . . . . . . . . . . . .
Maine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
53,197
24,882
27,237
73,161
39,263
18,246
47,363
24,552
42,878
13,156
84,024
33,470
36,385
101,451
49,738
24,511
59,130
31,355
55,079
18,482
57 .9
34 .5
33 .6
38 .7
26 .7
34 .3
24 .8
27 .7
28 .5
40 .5
21,737
3,535
17,645
31,006
15,815
8,989
24,936
8,616
25,477
7,098
32,151
4,164
21,441
43,963
18,462
11,084
28,150
10,120
30,579
8,568
47 .9
17 .8
21 .5
41 .8
16 .7
23 .3
12 .9
17 .5
20 .0
20 .7
31,460
21,347
9,592
42,155
23,448
9,257
22,427
15,936
17,401
6,058
51,873
29,306
14,944
57,488
31,276
13,427
30,980
21,235
24,500
9,914
64 .9
37 .3
55 .8
36 .4
33 .4
45 .0
38 .1
33 .3
40 .8
63 .7
59 .1
85 .8
35 .2
57 .6
59 .7
50 .7
47 .4
64 .9
40 .6
46 .0
61 .7
87 .6
41 .1
56 .7
62 .9
54 .8
52 .4
67 .7
44 .5
53 .6
Maryland . . . . . . . . . . . .
Massachusetts . . . . . . . .
Michigan . . . . . . . . . . . .
Minnesota . . . . . . . . . . .
Mississippi . . . . . . . . . . .
Missouri . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Montana . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nebraska . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nevada . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New Hampshire . . . . . . .
39,437
38,050
124,412
81,074
19,555
60,099
66,320
22,204
42,222
7,885
58,657
50,705
139,095
101,900
25,910
72,376
78,601
29,816
55,945
10,524
48 .7
33 .3
11 .8
25 .7
32 .5
20 .4
18 .5
34 .3
32 .5
33 .5
15,423
15,015
58,479
54,967
11,652
25,076
56,068
14,896
26,420
2,964
20,420
18,850
62,007
60,916
15,030
27,376
62,555
18,427
32,062
3,150
32 .4
25 .5
6 .0
10 .8
29 .0
9 .2
11 .6
23 .7
21 .4
6 .3
24,014
23,035
65,933
26,107
7,903
35,023
10,252
7,308
15,802
4,921
38,237
31,855
77,088
40,984
10,880
45,000
16,046
11,389
23,883
7,374
59 .2
38 .3
16 .9
57 .0
37 .7
28 .5
56 .5
55 .8
51 .1
49 .8
60 .9
60 .5
53 .0
32 .2
40 .4
58 .3
15 .5
32 .9
37 .4
62 .4
65 .2
62 .8
55 .4
40 .2
42 .0
62 .2
20 .4
38 .2
42 .7
70 .1
New Jersey . . . . . . . . . .
New Mexico . . . . . . . . . .
New York . . . . . . . . . . . .
North Carolina . . . . . . . .
North Dakota . . . . . . . . .
Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oklahoma . . . . . . . . . . .
Oregon . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . .
Rhode Island . . . . . . . . .
49,104
191,475
171,581
131,736
35,228
76,075
391,949
85,667
52,650
10,725
70,716
219,512
221,058
184,082
42,996
90,124
482,760
109,223
81,092
14,394
44 .0
14 .6
28 .8
39 .7
22 .1
18 .5
23 .2
27 .5
54 .0
34 .2
19,492
173,483
82,461
99,551
31,329
24,486
273,230
45,211
18,348
5,121
29,026
193,222
106,906
122,110
36,591
25,292
321,687
53,203
26,843
6,058
48 .9
11 .4
29 .6
22 .7
16 .8
3 .3
17 .7
17 .7
46 .3
18 .3
29,612
17,992
89,120
32,185
3,899
51,589
118,719
40,456
34,302
5,604
41,690
26,290
114,152
61,972
6,405
64,832
161,073
56,020
54,249
8,336
40 .8
46 .1
28 .1
92 .5
64 .3
25 .7
35 .7
38 .5
58 .2
48 .8
60 .3
9 .4
51 .9
24 .4
11 .1
67 .8
30 .3
47 .2
65 .2
52 .3
59 .0
12 .0
51 .6
33 .7
14 .9
71 .9
33 .4
51 .3
66 .9
57 .9
South Carolina . . . . . . . .
South Dakota . . . . . . . . .
Tennessee . . . . . . . . . . .
Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vermont . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Washington . . . . . . . . . .
West Virginia . . . . . . . . .
Wisconsin . . . . . . . . . . .
Wyoming . . . . . . . . . . . .
27,456
68,281
39,188
215,599
40,445
6,396
52,864
158,940
10,644
69,386
15,012
42,171
82,073
54,874
315,264
50,064
7,379
80,924
198,998
13,314
86,228
18,596
53 .6
20 .2
40 .0
46 .2
23 .8
15 .4
53 .1
25 .2
25 .1
24 .3
23 .9
13,718
62,283
15,152
118,362
29,684
2,420
21,172
93,301
3,606
47,228
11,133
19,524
71,817
19,994
170,972
32,927
2,207
29,225
103,869
3,787
54,526
13,336
42 .3
15 .3
32 .0
44 .4
10 .9
-8 .8
38 .0
11 .3
5 .0
15 .5
19 .8
13,738
5,998
24,036
97,237
10,761
3,976
31,692
65,639
7,038
22,158
3,879
22,647
10,256
34,880
144,292
17,137
5,172
51,699
95,129
9,527
31,702
5,260
64 .8
71 .0
45 .1
48 .4
59 .3
30 .1
63 .1
44 .9
35 .4
43 .1
35 .6
50 .0
8 .8
61 .3
45 .1
26 .6
62 .2
60 .0
41 .3
66 .1
31 .9
25 .8
53 .7
12 .5
63 .6
45 .8
34 .2
70 .1
63 .9
47 .8
71 .6
36 .8
28 .3
Puerto Rico . . . . . . . . .
26,871
35,753
33 .1
13,336
19,839
48 .8
13,535
15,914
17 .6
50 .4
44 .5
Sources: U .S . Census Bureau, Census 2000 Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File, Table PL1; and 2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law
94-171) Summary File, Table P1 .
Figure 3.
American Indian
and Alaska Native
in combination
CA
13.9
CA
12.4
CA
15.8
OK
9.2
OK
11.0
OK
7.0
AZ
6.8
AZ
10.1
TX
6.3
TX
6.0
NY
4.2
NM
6.6
TX
5.8
NY
5.0
WA
4.2
Figure 4.
Alone
Percent
8.0 or more
3.0 to 7.9
1.5 to 2.9
Less than 1.5
American Indian/
Alaska Native Areas
U.S. percent 0.9
Alone or in Combination
Percent
8.0 or more
3.0 to 7.9
1.5 to 2.9
Less than 1.5
American Indian/
Alaska Native Areas
U.S. percent 1.7
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File, Table P1.
Figure 5.
Alone
Percent change
100.0 or more
50.0 to 99.9
25.0 to 49.9
0.0 to 24.9
Less than 0.0
Fewer than 100
AIAN alone
Not comparable
U.S. change 18.4
Alone or in Combination
Percent change
100.0 or more
50.0 to 99.9
25.0 to 49.9
0.0 to 24.9
Less than 0.0
Fewer than 100 AIAN
alone or in combination
Not comparable
U.S. change 26.7
Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000 Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File, Table PL1;
Table P1.
and 2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File, Table P1.
10
Table 3.
Ten Places With the Largest Number of American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2010
(For information on confidentiality protection, nonsampling error, and definitions, see www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/doc/pl94-171.pdf)
Total
population
Alone or in combination
Alone
In combination
Rank
Number
Rank
Number
Rank
Number
8,175,133
3,792,621
1,445,632
579,999
291,826
391,906
545,852
2,695,598
2,099,451
1,327,407
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
111,749
54,236
43,724
36,572
36,062
35,990
32,571
26,933
25,521
20,137
1
3
2
7
5
6
4
10
8
11
57,512
28,215
32,366
20,533
23,130
20,817
25,087
13,337
14,997
11,800
1
2
7
3
6
4
16
5
8
11
54,237
26,021
11,358
16,039
12,932
15,173
7,484
13,596
10,524
8,337
Tucson, AZ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Philadelphia, PA. . . . . . . . . . . . .
San Diego, CA. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
520,116
1,526,006
1,307,402
11
13
12
19,903
17,495
17,865
9
25
23
14,154
6,996
7,696
24
9
10
5,749
10,499
10,169
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File, Table P1.
11
Table 4.
Ten Places With the Highest Percentage of American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2010
(For information on confidentiality protection, nonsampling error, and definitions, see www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/doc/pl94-171.pdf)
Place1
291,826
391,906
110,925
579,999
104,170
545,852
104,057
198,397
161,719
520,116
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
153,888
208,916
156,185
127,473
466,488
167,815
13
11
24
17
23
15
3.6
3.8
2.8
3.1
2.8
3.3
Total
population
Anchorage, AK . . . . . . . . . . .
Tulsa, OK. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Norman, OK . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oklahoma City, OK . . . . . . . .
Billings, MT . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Albuquerque, NM. . . . . . . . . .
Green Bay, WI. . . . . . . . . . . .
Tacoma, WA. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tempe, AZ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tucson, AZ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sioux Falls, SD . . . . . . . . . . .
Spokane, WA. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Eugene, OR. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Topeka, KS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sacramento, CA . . . . . . . . . .
Santa Rosa, CA. . . . . . . . . . .
Alone
Percentage
of total
population
12.4
9.2
8.1
6.3
6.0
6.0
5.4
4.0
3.9
3.8
In combination
1
2
3
7
5
4
6
16
8
9
Percentage
of total
population
7.9
5.3
4.7
3.5
4.4
4.6
4.1
1.8
2.9
2.7
10
15
55
27
46
18
2.7
2.0
1.0
1.4
1.1
1.7
Rank
1
2
3
4
14
28
36
5
73
52
Percentage
of total
population
4.4
3.9
3.3
2.8
1.5
1.4
1.3
2.1
1.0
1.1
79
6
7
8
9
10
0.9
1.8
1.8
1.7
1.7
1.6
Rank
1
Places of 100,000 or more total population. The 2010 Census showed 282 places in the United States with 100,000 or more population. They included 273
incorporated places (including 5 city-county consolidations) and 9 census designated places that were not legally incorporated.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File, Table P1.
12
Figure 6.
1.5
American Indian
and Alaska Native
alone or in
combination
20.5
18.3
American Indian
and Alaska Native
alone
78.0
2.2
30.7
67.0
0.5
American Indian
and Alaska Native 7.3
in combination
92.1
Includes federal American Indian reservations and/or off-reservation trust lands, Oklahoma
tribal statistical areas, tribal designated statistical areas, state American Indian reservations,
and state designated American Indian statistical areas.
Note: Percentages may not add to 100.0 due to rounding.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171)
Summary File, Table P1.
Table 5.
American Indian Reservation and Alaska Native Village Statistical Area Population: 2010
(For information on confidentiality protection, nonsampling error, and definitions, see www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/doc/pl94-171.pdf)
4,576,127
242,613
303,926,798
Alone or in
combination
1,069,411
78,141
4,073,027
Alone
901,280
65,855
1,965,113
Not
American Indian
and Alaska
In Native alone or
combination in combination
3,506,716
168,131
164,472
12,286
299,853,771
2,107,914
1
Includes federal reservations and/or off-reservation trust lands, Oklahoma tribal statistical areas, tribal designated statistical areas, state reservations, and
state designated American Indian statistical areas .
Note: In this table, the American Indian and Alaska Native alone-or-in-combination population and the not American Indian and Alaska Native
alone-or-in-combination population add to the total population for each area .
Source: U .S . Census Bureau, 2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File, Table P1 .
13
Table 6.
American Indian Reservations and Alaska Native Village Statistical Areas With Largest
American Indian and Alaska Native Populations: 2010
(For information on confidentiality protection, nonsampling error, and definitions, see www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/doc/pl94-171.pdf)
Not
American
Indian and
Alaska
Native
In alone or in
Alone combination combination
173,667
18,834
13,409
11,712
47,472
10,068
10,869
10,201
10,405
28,359
169,321
16,906
13,014
11,251
9,920
9,901
9,809
9,278
9,149
9,138
166,824
16,580
12,870
10,845
6,858
9,835
9,617
9,139
8,944
7,042
2,497
326
144
406
3,062
66
192
139
205
2,096
4,346
1,928
395
461
37,552
167
1,060
923
1,256
19,221
65,768
6,080
32,902
4,212
12,742
3,201
3,681
23,087
2,378
4,480
6,582
4,334
3,417
2,889
2,605
2,585
2,396
2,373
1,583
1,240
3,529
3,953
2,001
2,577
1,692
2,355
1,994
1,369
1,333
855
3,053
381
1,416
312
913
230
402
1,004
250
385
59,186
1,746
29,485
1,323
10,137
616
1,285
20,714
795
3,240
Note: In this table, the American Indian and Alaska Native alone-or-in-combination population and the not American Indian and Alaska Native alone-or-incombination population add to the total population of the reservation or village statistical area . The rankings of the American Indian reservations and Alaska Native
village statistical areas are based on the American Indian and Alaska Native alone-or-in-combination population .
Source: U .S . Census Bureau, 2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File, Table P1 .
the 3.5 million that did not identify as American Indian and Alaska
Native. Therefore, out of the total
4.6 million people in American
Indian areas, 77 percent did not
identify as American Indian and
Alaska Native.
Of all people that lived in Alaska
Native village statistical areas,
78,000 individuals identified
as American Indian and Alaska
Native alone or in combination
with another race compared with
164,000 that did not identify as
American Indian and Alaska Native.
Therefore, out of the total 243,000
people that lived in Alaska Native
village statistical areas, 68 percent
did not identify as American Indian
and Alaska Native.
14
Figure 7.
Top 20 Reservations and Alaska Native Village Statistical Areas With the Largest
American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) Alone Population: 2010
(For information on confidentiality protection, nonsampling error, and definitions, see
www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/doc/pl94-171.pdf)
Blackfeet
Yakama
Nation
Turtle Mountain
Fort Peck
Flathead
Standing
Rock
Cheyenne
River
Wind
River
Hopi
Gila
River
Pine
Ridge
Rosebud
Navajo Nation
Eastern Cherokee
Osage
Zuni
Fort Apache
San Carlos
AIAN Population
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
AIAN Population
4,000
3,000
Barrow
2,000
Kotzebue
1,000
0
Selawik
Gambell
Nome
Emmonak
Alakanuk
Hooper Bay
Chevak
Mountain Village
Knik
Chickaloon
Kenaitze
Kwethluk
Bethel
Ninilchik
Togiak
Dillingham
Sitka
Ketchikan
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File, Table P1.
15
16
PATTERNS AMONG
AMERICAN INDIAN AND
ALASKA NATIVE TRIBAL
GROUPINGS
Table 7 presents data for a number of American Indian and Alaska
Native tribal groupings. Data for
people who reported only one
American Indian and Alaska Native
tribal grouping, such as Aleut,
are presented in the first data
column. Next, data for people
who identified with two or more
American Indian and Alaska Native
tribal groupings, such as Aleut
and Inupiat, and no other race
group are presented in the second data column. The third data
column presents data for people
Table 7.
American Indian and Alaska Native Population by Selected Tribal Groupings: 2010
(For information on confidentiality protection, nonsampling error, and definitions, see www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/doc/sf1.pdf)
American Indian and Alaska Native
in combination with one or
more other races
Tribal grouping
American Indian
and Alaska Native
tribal grouping
alone or in any
combination1
2,879,638
1,935,363
63,193
8,014
27,279
6,433
15,882
284,247
11,375
27,973
112,757
103,910
8,114
12,284
2,211
48,352
10,332
7,843
12,580
8,169
40,570
9,437
62,306
8,374
121,221
286,731
8,938
7,272
9,340
22,040
20,412
49,695
14,320
14,080
7,852
112,176
20,901
13,460
19,522
7,435
8,786
21,679
7,727
270,141
131,943
52,610
96,770
6,501
388
4,519
618
572
16,216
1,118
2,233
2,645
6,398
200
1,187
739
4,596
528
372
2,054
71
1,891
918
651
253
2,329
8,285
1,125
776
865
1,165
462
2,331
215
2,368
610
4,301
479
298
725
785
310
1,516
551
12,606
117
2,209,267
1,211,938
33,303
2,084
54,109
6,981
10,865
468,082
5,311
19,220
52,091
72,101
2,148
8,131
4,023
30,618
3,309
9,439
3,013
2,438
34,490
2,947
10,039
2,330
49,670
32,918
7,090
4,274
3,135
3,116
12,249
9,568
5,540
12,447
3,969
46,964
25,015
6,012
3,033
2,802
2,207
8,183
1,642
135,032
102,188
79,064
153,180
8,813
375
19,397
790
525
50,560
1,247
2,852
3,249
13,355
87
1,728
1,010
4,766
1,034
610
680
90
4,051
485
695
176
2,274
4,195
1,423
711
427
334
648
946
185
3,076
571
6,669
838
181
198
469
224
1,217
169
11,850
72
5,220,579
3,397,251
111,810
10,861
105,304
14,822
27,844
819,105
19,051
52,278
170,742
195,764
10,549
23,330
7,983
88,332
15,203
18,264
18,327
10,768
81,002
13,787
73,691
11,133
175,494
332,129
18,576
13,033
13,767
26,655
33,771
62,540
20,260
31,971
13,002
170,110
47,233
19,951
23,478
11,491
11,527
32,595
10,089
429,629
234,320
98,892
15,623
11,920
24,859
15,256
2,307
28,927
19,731
4,194
804
723
877
859
240
691
173
32,992
5,531
6,108
7,051
9,331
1,010
3,961
9,896
2,772
526
531
573
634
198
310
133
138,850
22,484
19,282
33,360
26,080
3,755
33,889
29,933
693,709
852,253
1,545,963
Represents zero.
1
The numbers by American Indian and Alaska Native tribal grouping do not add to the total American Indian and Alaska Native population. This is because the American
Indian and Alaska Native tribal groupings are tallies of the number of American Indian and Alaska Native responses rather than the number of American Indian or Alaska Native
respondents. Respondents reporting several American Indian or Alaska Native groups are counted several times. For example, a respondent reporting Cherokee and Navajo
would be included in the Cherokee as well as the Navajo numbers.
2
Includes respondents who wrote in an American Indian tribe not specified in the American Indian and Alaska Native Tribal Detailed Classification List for the 2010 Census
or wrote in the generic term American Indian.
3
Includes respondents who wrote in an Alaska Native tribe not specified in the American Indian and Alaska Native Tribal Detailed Classification List for the 2010 Census or
wrote in the generic term Alaska Native.
4
Includes respondents who checked the American Indian or Alaska Native response category on the census questionnaire.
17
Figure 8.
86.3
13.7
53.1
Choctaw
Mexican American
Indian
30.9
66.0
65.9
Sioux
25.9
170,742
34.1
170,110
54.7
Iroquois
50.1
111,810
105,304
74.1
Creek
175,494
34.0
43.5
56.5
Apache
332,129
195,764
46.9
69.1
Chippewa
65.3
34.7
Navajo
Blackfeet
45.3
49.9
88,332
81,002
Note: The Tribal grouping alone response type includes individuals who reported one or more tribes within a single tribal grouping.
The Tribal grouping in any combination response type includes individuals who reported one or more other races and/or tribal groupings.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census Summary File 1.
Figure 9.
Yupik
Alaskan Athabascan
Aleut
Tsimshian
14.6
74.5
Inupiat
Tlingit-Haida
58.5
25.5
61.8
61.4
30.5
38.2
38.6
33,889
33,360
26,080
41.5
69.5
22,484
19,282
3,755
Note: The Tribal grouping alone response type includes individuals who reported one or more tribes within a single tribal grouping.
The Tribal grouping in any combination response type includes individuals who reported one or more other races and/or tribal groupings.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census Summary File 1.
19
SUMMARY
This report provides a portrait of
the American Indian and Alaska
Native population and contributes to our understanding of the
nations changing ethnic and racial
diversity.
While both the American Indian
and Alaska Native alone and the
American Indian and Alaska Native
alone-or-in-combination populations grew from 2000 to 2010 (by
18 percent and 27 percent, respectively), the American Indian and
Alaska Native in combination population experienced greater growth,
increasing by 39 percent. Within
this population, the American
Indian and Alaska Native and White
and Black population more than
doubled in size.
Other notable trends were that the
American Indian and Alaska Native
population continued to be concentrated in the West and South and
increased in these regions between
2000 and 2010. Additionally,
concentrations of American
Indians tended to be proximate to
American Indian and Alaska Native
areas.
Other interesting points noted in
the report were that a majority of
the American Indian and Alaska
Native alone-or-in-combination
population (78 percent) lived outside of American Indian and Alaska
Native areas. This compares with
67 percent of the American Indian
and Alaska Native alone population and with 92 percent of the
American Indian and Alaska Native
in combination population that
lived outside of American Indian
and Alaska Native areas in 2010.
Of all people that lived in American
Indian areas, 3.5 million out of 4.6
20
million (77 percent) did not identify as American Indian and Alaska
Native. Of the people that lived
in Alaska Native village statistical areas, 164,000 out of 243,000
(68 percent) did not identify as
American Indian and Alaska Native.
In terms of American Indian tribal
groupings, the Cherokee tribal
grouping and the Navajo tribal
grouping had the two largest
American Indian alone-or-in-any
combination populations in 2010.
Of the largest American Indian
tribal groupings, the Blackfeet tribal
grouping had the highest proportion of respondents who reported
more than one tribal grouping
and/or race.
In terms of Alaska Native tribal
groupings, the Yupik tribal grouping and the Inupiat tribal grouping
had the two largest Alaska Native
alone and Alaska Native alone-orin-any combination populations.
Among the Alaska Native tribal
groupings, Tlingit-Haida had the
largest proportion of respondents
who reported more than one tribal
grouping and/or race.
Throughout the decade, the Census
Bureau will release additional information on the American Indian and
Alaska Native population, including
characteristics such as age, sex,
and family type, which will provide
greater insights to the demographic
characteristics of this population at
various geographic levels.
21