Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Grammar
Adjectives
The adjective can be used in a sentence predicatively as part of the predicate. In this case, it is not
declined, e.g.
Der Briefkasten ist gelb.
Almost all adjectives can be declined. Adjectives are declined when they come as an attribute before a noun,
e.g.:
der neue Film, auf einer grnen Wiese, mit kaltem Bier
There are three types of declination:
1. after a definite article word (der neue Film, die grne Wiese, das kalte Bier)
Masculine
Feminine
Neuter
Nominative
Accusative
Dative
Genitive
Plural
Nominative
Accusative
Dative
Genitive
2. after an indefinite article word (ein neuer Film, eine grne Wiese, ein kaltes Bier)
Maskuline
Feminine
Neuter
Nominativ
Akkusativ
Dativ
Genitiv
Plural
Nominativ
neue Filme
Akkusativ
neue Filme
Dativ
neuen Filmen
Genitiv
neuer Filme
Feminine
Neuter
Nominative
neuer Film
grne Wiese
kaltes Bier
Accusative
neuen Film
grne Wiese
kaltes Bier
Dative
neuem Film
grner Wiese
kaltem Bier
Genitive
neuen Films
grner Wiese
kalten Bier(e)s
http://deutschkurse.dw.de/KursPlattform/WebObjects/KursPlattform.woa/wo/65.11.1.10.1
1/3
11/14/2014
Grammar
Plural
Nominative
grne Wiesen
Accusative
grne Wiesen
Dative
grnen Wiesen
Genitive
grner Wiesen
Many adjectives (and some adverbs) can be escalated (compared). A comparable adjective has three
comparison forms: the positive, the comparative and the superlative. The positive does not take on a special
form. The comparative adjective is formed by adding the suffix -er; the superlative by adding the suffix -(s)t.
The vowel of monosyllabic adjectives often changes. Sometimes an -e- is added to make pronunciation a little
easier:
Positive
Comparative
Superlative
klein
kleiner
(am) kleinst(en)
lang
lnger
(am) lngst(en)
gro
grer
(am) grt(en)
kurz
krzer
(am) krzest(en)
When the comparative or superlative is used as a predicate or as an adverbial determiner, it is not declined
(like the positive form), e.g.:
Dieser Weg ist krzer (als der andere). Jener Weg dauert am lngsten.
When the comparative or superlative is used as an attribute in front of a noun, it is declined (again, like the
positive form), e.g.:
Das ist ja doch ein lngerer Weg. Ich nehme lieber den krzesten Weg.
Some adjective escalations are irregular:
gut besser am besten
viel mehr am meisten
hoch hher am hchsten
The comparison form expresses varying degrees of a characteristic. The intent here is to make a comparison.
Positive: characteristics are the same, object of comparison can be combined with wie:
Er ist gro.
Er ist so gro wie du.
Er ist so gro, wie ich dachte.
Comparative: characteristics differ (higher degree), object of comparison can be combined with als:
Er ist grer als du.
Er ist grer, als ich dachte.
Numerals
Numerals can be differentiated between the cardinal number (Grundzahlwrter) (eins, zwei ) and the
ordinal number (Ordnungszahlwrter) (erst(e), zweit(e) ). These numerals can also be called number
adjectives.
http://deutschkurse.dw.de/KursPlattform/WebObjects/KursPlattform.woa/wo/65.11.1.10.1
2/3
11/14/2014
Grammar
To form ordinal numbers, add the ending -t(e) to the cardinal numbers 1 through 19, e.g.:
zwei zweit(e), elf elft(e)
When forming ordinal numbers 20 and up, the ending -st(e) is added to the cardinal number, e.g.:
zwanzig zwanzigst(e), einunddreiig einunddreigst(e), hundert hundertst(e)
http://deutschkurse.dw.de/KursPlattform/WebObjects/KursPlattform.woa/wo/65.11.1.10.1
3/3