PROJECT 1 (PART 2)

TITLE: PARKING PROBLEM AMONG STUDENTS

LECTURER NAME: DR MEHDI MOEINADDINI

NAME: ABDUL MUHAIMIN BIN MAHID

(A14BE0002)

MOHAMAD SHAFIK BIN MOHAMAD

(A14BE0056)

NORAFIFAH BINTI ABD AZIZ

(A14BE0095)

NURALYANI NAZIRAH BINTI SABRI

(A14BE0121)

SUBMISSION DATE: 26/10/2014

TITLE
PARKING PROBLEM AMONG STUDENTS

INTRODUCTION
Parking just not The act of stopping a vehicle and leaving it unoccupied but parking is
meant as a planned space which includes parcel or lot parking itself, the passage of vehicles
(driveway) , pelican crossing route for the disabled , pedestrian and landscaped area. For parking
available in the building or complex, it also includes a landing (ramp), a lobby and stairs to or
from parking (Planning Guidelines Parking, 2011); Approximately 95 % of the life of the motor
vehicle is not in motion, but in a "stop" (Harry Dupree et. al, 1987); The study found that the
average total of 8360 hours of 8760 hours per year , a car is in the "stop " (John Breirry et. al.,
1972). The problem of parking is very important in todays automobile-oriented cities. Besides it
also affects everyone. Everyone when driving their mobile and go any destination that they want,
of cause they need to stop. They need to park their mobile. Therefore, parking is very important.
Students are mostly riding and driving their personal vehicles. A parking space is a
location that is designated for parking, either paved or unpaved. Parking spaces become
important because majority of student using their own vehicle. Parking spaces can be in
a parking garage, in a parking lot or on a city street. Parking is one of the most annoying turmoil
in UTM and vehicle owners being stranded for hours looking for parking in UTM or having to
park far from their areas with parking being full. Parkings problem in UTM are the biggest
problem that can cause another problems too if we are not take any solutions for this problems.
The factors are mostly because of:
a. Inadequate of parking spaces
b. No specific parking
c. Parking far from our area
d. No parking for disability people (OKU)
e. Old design and size of parking lots.
f.

Security in the parking area is not satisfactory

Evidence That The Problem Exists

Universal problem that affects university students is parking spaces. Although many studies and
research have been done on the problem of student transportation in Universiti Teknologi
Malaysia, but the problems still arise on parking and repeated every years. The following part
will shows and illustrates some evidence about parking problem that still happened among
students and repeated without any action.

-Inadequate of parking spaces.

In UTM, students not supplied a sufficient parking area. We may found inadequate parking
everywhere, especially at Engineering Faculty (Mechanical, Electrical and etc.) because they had
many students there. Not enough parking caused double park, it due to increase the number of
vehicles in UTM. The cars that park at roadside can trouble another road users that using the
road.

Figure 1: Double park and parking the car at roadside.

-No specific parking.

Figure 2, the parking area only designated for cars and motorcycles without looking the need of
cyclist. Cycling is one of the important transportation among students because economical and
environmentally friendly. Community promote the cycling activities because help healthier
environment and make sure our environment will become sustainability. Based on our initial
survey proportion of students who would prefer cycling in UTM campus is about 20% but their
parking lot does not exist and leads to putting the bike and on shoulders buildings. In Figure 1,
we can see the bicycle park on the
buildings shoulders.

Figure 2: Bicycle and motorcycle park

on Sidewalk Building

Based on Figure 3, the signboard shows the parking is specific for motorcycle but we can see
cars parking their car at motorcycle zone. This situation should not happen at a University which
all the person is educated and knows the rules. Based on our observation at UTM, almost 50%
students use a motorcycle as their transportation for go to faculty, college either anywhere. So,
the parking is important because majority of students use motorcycle but when the parking is
mixed, this will makes another problem happened at the same time. As we can see at Figure 4,
the motorcycle also parked at shoulder building because their parking was taken over by another
transport. For make friendly environmental area this should not happened.

Figure 3: Car Park on

Figure 4: Motorcycle Park

Motorcycle Parking

On Building Shoulder.

-Parking far from the area.

The parking that far from the destination or more accurate the parking that far from faculty or
residential college can trouble students. They had parked in the afternoon and did not want to
move in the evening as they would have to leave the car some distance away. Besides, it will
take a longer time for students find an empty parking and walk to the destination. Students from
Geoinformasy faculty forced to park their cars at FAB parking area. Because it dont provided a
parking for them so they need to park the car far from their faculty.

Figure 5 : Geoinformasy faculty and

FAB parking area.

However, based on our survey in UTM, some area dont have enough parking lot. If have the
parked its to far from their destination. This phenomena always happen especially at a peak time
which many students and UTM staff had to scramble to use a parking. So, this situation makes
supply of parking decrease and their demand increase. This situation should less if the supply of
parking enough and some of drivers takes advantages and parked their car at a prohibited area as
Figure 6.

Figure 6: Evidence Cars Parked At

Prohibited Area

-Parking for disability people (OKU).

Disability Act, 2008 have their provision law for built and give disability person using the
facilities on buildings and environment. This statement shows how important accessibility for
them. Based on our observation at UTM, facilities for a disability students especially for parking
vehicles which designated for this community doesnt exist. This situation is quite disappointed
because this is some of important things of development which disability person needed, for give
them friendly facilities spaces. Based on Figure 7, we can see the parking lot just a normal
parking lot and ignore the needs of disability person.

Figure 7 : Parking lot designated for normal people only.

-Old design and size of parking lots.

After that, some place in UTM have an old design parking lot, especially for a car. Old design
parking lot was not suitable nowadays. Because the cars design and the size also change. The
old size parking become not suitable and the parking lot are small especially on MPV car which
have a larger body than normal or old cars. When MPV cars parked at old design parking the
roads will become small and give troubles to other driver to move out from certain area or want
to park their cars. As we can see on Figure 8, the old designated makes the roads small.
Nowadays, percentage of the car on the road increase and some of the parking design are not
suitable which rises problem. Other than that, the line at the parking area, are faded and did not
see. It can cause students park over the space.

Figure 8: Faded line at parking area and big car over park the car because of the small
parking space.

-Security at the parking area.

Next evidence that based on parking problem is about safety elements in parking, because it
doesnt have a security monitors at parking lot. Based on our survey at UTM, all parking lots
dont have safety security such as guard or CCTV which will monitor the vehicles at parking lot.
The vehicles just left at the parking and this can cause a crime happen in our university area.
This problem is not just a story but in our survey data, theft that involving the vehicles were
happened especially in residential college area. Unfortunately this situation stills the same and no
security action put in parking areas. Refer to Figure 9, shows a lack of security. Other than that,
there is bar provided at several parking area but it seems uselessly, there is no guard to observe
the park.

Figure 9: Lack of security at parking area.

OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this project is:
1) To identify the factors causes parking problem among UTM students
2) To assess whether the parking demands exceeds
3) To evaluate the importance of parking facilities for disability people in UTM
4) To propose some alternative for resolve parking problem in UTM

STATEMENT ON THE IMPORTANCE OF SOLVING THIS TRANSPORTATION

PROBLEM
In Malaysia based on research, up to the end of the 1970s, local authorities do not really
care about providing parking. Even a lot of attention given to reducing the number of parking
spaces in the alley and offset car park. Bias control or management of the car park was first
addressed at the end of the 1980s by local authorities which are authorized to issue licenses to a
private operators of parking on the side streets in urban areas and educational area. In this
decade, increasing of the population and use of private vehicles show a substantial increase
compared to the use of public transport.
-This because the cost community living now getting rises and they are able to have personal
vehicle, even a motorcycle. Conceptually, most students choose to own a vehicle than using a
public transport that provided for them, which easier to move along
-This has led to the use of private vehicles on the roads because many prefer to use the vehicle
personal to get around and lack public transport facilities.
-This leads to congestion traffic and decrease the supply of parking lot and makes a demand
increase dramatically.
-It also can cause vehicle theft occur.
This show how the parking is important for our campus because the percentage of vehicle
and population always increase every year this issues should leads to a more analytical processes
for make sure our parking supply and demands at optimum stage. This research, try to consider
about parking facility and lead some guideline, improvements and realm assessment about
vehicles parking.

THE EXPECTED OUTCOMES ONCE THE PROBLEM IS RESOLVED

Placement and design should emphasizes the use of space designed for guarantee safety
welfare and comfort, create uniform parking spaces, safe and responsive to all users especially
disability person.

-Creating User-friendly country (Planning Guidelines Parking (GP), 2011).

This planning guidelines try to introduce a user-friendly guidelines for all parking spaces for
make sure fulfill all the residents needs. However this research try to consider and evaluate all
the alternative to changes the problem become benefit for students and staff with a new parking
guidelines. This research can purpose a user-friendly guidelines in UTM for improve the parking
quality to become more updated as a development country. This research are useful and give
more benefit in order to upgrading our parking facilities in future. The outcome can be a
guideline for others University for renovated their inundating parking lot as a needs.

-More parking lots are provided

Many parking spaces will be provided in order to combat the lack of space around the campus
especially at faculties and arcades. This is to avoid car parked on the street or double park
happen.

-Management and Design are upgraded

Parking facilities management and design can provide convenience, comfort, safety and
aesthetics. Design and management standards can address various problems and help achieve
transportation and land use objectives.
-Accessibility parking increase
A new parking area that accessibility especially near to faculty are provided. In order for student
easy to move and save their time.
-Created Universal Design
Incorporate up-to-date standards to accommodate people with special needs and disabilities
(Universal Design). This includes special parking spaces that are suitable for people with
disabilities, curb cuts and ramps, and appropriate signage.

-Improved safety and security

CCTV are provided to 24-hour surveillance in the parking and for the high risk area crime to
happen a guard is provided.
-Parking user-friendly are provided
Garage or shady areas are provided so that its convenient for student.

DESCRIPTION OF A SURVEY AND SAMPLING DESIGN

This research conducted in four main step as follows:
1.

Conduct a literature review to identify suitable method for a parking problem analysis.

2.

Conduct a survey to collect the data regarding parking problems.

3.

Evaluate UTM parking by observation

4.

Discuss result and conclusion about parking problems

Target population among UTM staff and students are using for a problem in parking
transportation such as car, motorcycle and bicycle as their option to go campus. The sampling
frame that is the list of all UTM students and staff who drive their personal vehicle can be
collected from different faculties. Since the target population can be categorized based on their
faculties, a cluster sample can be used as a method.