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ENCE 461
Foundation Analysis and
Design
Upward Load
Capacity
Pile Group
Effects
Pile
Settlement
Difficult to quantify
s u N u zD B B
P upward a
4F
Db
N u 3.5 9 Unfissured Clays
Bb
Db
N u 0.7 9 Fissured Clays
Bb
2
b
2
s
Example of Uplift
Capacity
Given
Find
Assume
Factor of safety = 5
Layer
1
2
3
4
5
Perimeter
Top Segment to be
Ignored
Toe Segment to be
Ignored
0
5
12
37
50
Layer Thickness,
fs, As, sq.
su, psf alpha psf
End
ft.
ft.
5
5 1600
0
0 31.42
12
7 1600 0.55 880 43.98
37
25 1400 0.55 770 157.08
50
13 4000 0.48 1920 81.68
60
10 4000
0
0 62.83
Total
fsAs,
kips
0
38.7
120.95
156.83
0
316.48
6.28
5
10
Db
60
N u 0.7 0.7 8.49
Bb
5
25
2
2
2
W f
58.5
1.50.150
4
4
W f 30 kips
30317 0.75
132186 kips
P upward a
5
Note that uplift capacity of bell not included in factor of safety
Group Effects
Stress Zones in
Supporting Soils
Basic relationship
P ag
N P a
Considerations
Cohesionless soils
Cohesive soils
P ag 2 D B g L g s u1B g L g s u2 N
D
B
*
N c 51 1 9
5B
5L
*
c
Cohesionless soils
Cohesive soils
Settlement
P
2 G' L tanh
L
5 L G' L
1
ln
BGL
8GL
E B
8GL
E B
Variables
B = shaft diameter
Bb = diameter of underreamed bell for drilled shafts
Example of Settlement
Clay layer
Sand Layer
Es = 1800 ksf
Other Variables
B = 1.5'
Solution to Problem
= .03787813536 1/ft.
= 3.184118300
Settlement, inches
Example of Load
Transfer Curve
Given
Find
Assume
Ps = 394 kips
Pa = 440 kips
use 1.0
0.25
= 0.2/60
= 0.3%
= 0.2/24
= 0.8%
use 0.92
0.1
= 0.1/60
= 0.2%
= 0.1/24
= 0.4%
= 0.1": #
+,-.+,/+,&/0!.&+!,%!.!/&&.1,&&
..!23..!)
)* $
4!&&'&'&/+5&+!,21!3+.+)+/&%&!
/+&,5&/2/)
Group Settlements
Methods
g g f
Definition
= group settlement
g f 1
i1
B i (clays)
si
ONLY FOR
IMMEDIATE
SETTLEMENTS
&&.1,&!+,-.0+.
2.
3.
4.
Questions