Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
DOI: 10.5923/j.ijea.20120206.03
Abstract This paper investigates the interference between electromagnetic field produced by high voltage power lines
and liv ing organisms and metallic objects underneath the transmission lines such as ships, at rivers crossing, and vessels
passing under or near to power lines. Metallic pipelines buried in the same corridor are affected with many factors, namely :
the power line configuration, separation distance between transmission line and pipeline, separation distance between
conductors, the transmission line tower height, existence of the earth wire, the sequence of the power supply, the length of
corridor and the fault conditions. The equations of magnetic fields of the transmission lines and the density of currents
induced in the human bodies and metallic ships surface were introduced. The induced voltage on the neighbouring pipelines
was calculated. A computer program was developed to model and simu late the magnetic fields produced by power lines. The
program calculates the current density induced in objects underneath or in the neighbourhood of the transmission line. The
results obtained using the developed program illustrated to be consistent with previous literature results. The obtained results
showed to be satisfactory and consistent with the experimental ones.
Keywords Hu man Bodies, Electro magnetic Fields, Metallic Objects, Power Line
1. Introduction
It is co mmon that elect ro magnet ic fields produced by
transmission lines causes dangerous effects on both living
organisms and any metallic objects. If the hu man bodies are
projected to high levels of magnetic fields the main effect of
interferences is the production of electric currents within the
body. Electric and magnetic fields differ, in their effects,
when they pass across the body of living organis ms at low
frequencies. An elect ric field d irected on an unsh ielded
p erson d isch arges to g rou nd wh ile the magnet ic field
permeates the body inducing a magnetic flu x that generates
secondary electric fields inside the body and then induce
currents dens ity that causes a change in p rotein , DNA
syntheses, enzyme activ ity, heart dysfunction and possible
n erv o us effect s . W h ile met al l ic s t ru ct u res near t o
transmission lines are subjected to interference arising from
in du ct ive, cap acit ive and res ist ive cou p ling as in [1].
Inductive coupling arises when the structure is placed in a
time v ary ing magnet ic field . Cap acit ive coup ling on ly
affects structure located above ground since these have a
capacitance to both the transmission line and to the earth as
in[2,3]. Resistive coupling between a transmission line and
metallic p ipeline is only relevant during ground fault when
* Corresponding author:
Ehab.ali82@yahoo.com (Ehab Mohamed Ali)
Published online at http://journal.sapub.org/ijea
Copyright 2012 Scientific & Academic Publishing. All Rights Reserved
2. Theoretical Analysis
2.1. The Magnetic Fiel d Density Produced from Power
Lines
2.1.1. A 500 kV Horizontal Configuration
This line consists of three conductors lying on the
horizontal p lane. Using the centre conductor as the reference
point o, s is the d istance of the two other conductors from
centre line and I is the conductors current. The magnetic field
density B in Tesla can be found as in (1),[4].
1/ 2
B=
0 sI
3R 2 + ( s 2 )
4
2 2
4
2 R ( R 2 R s cos 2r + s )
(1)
152
V p = I A Z Ap + I B Z Bp + I C Z Cp
(9)
VP = I fault * Z ph p
3 2 Is R R + s
B = 0 12
2 ( R 2 R 6 s 6 cos 6r + s12 )1/ 2
2
(2)
)( )
(10)
ZE =
RE + ( o * 8) + j (( o * 2 )*ln( RGM )) (11)
Z ph=
Z ph p (( Z E p * Z ph E ) Z E ) )
E p
(12)
Vp = I A Z A E p + I B Z B E p + I C ZC E p
(13)
K = 1 (( Z ph E * Z p E ) ( Z E * Z ph p ))
(14)
VP = I fault * K * Z ph p
(15)
( )
1.6
magnetic flux density (micro tesla)
1.8
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
Horizontal distance from center of power line in (m)
12
10
8
6
4
2
0.4
magnetic flux density (micro tesla)
Human Body
Human Head
14
200
0.45
16
0
-200
153
0
-200
0.35
-150
100
150
-100
-50
0
50
Horizontal distance from center of power line in (m)
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
-200
200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
Horizontal distance from center of line in (m)
150
200
Figure 5.
Magnetic Field Density From 220kV Double Circuit
Configuration
154
4.5
Human Body
Human Head
3.5
Cargo ships
Frigate ships
20
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-200
Aircraft carrier
Destroyer ships
25
Missile boats
15
10
5
-150
150
100
50
0
-50
-100
Horizontal distance from center of power line in (m)
200
0
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
Horizontal distance from center of power line in (m)
200
Figure 10. Induced current in ships surface due to double circuit power
line
300
Aircraf t carrier
Destroy er ships
Cargo ships
250
Frigate ships
Missile boats
200
100
50
0
-200
-150
150
100
50
0
-50
-100
Horizontal distance from center of power line in (m)
200
100
80
60
120
100
80
60
40
20
40
0
-200
20
0
-200
150
100
50
0
-50
-100
-150
separation distancesbetween center of power line and pipeline (m)
200
80
100
80
60
40
200
triangle equilateral
triangle with different
spacing
60
50
40
30
20
20
0
-200
150
70
d=8m
d=6m
d=4m
100
50
0
-50
-100
spacing between center of line and pipeline (m)
120
-150
d=8m
d=6m
d=4m
160
Horizontal configuration
Delta configuration
120
180
140
Vertical configuration
140
155
-150
100
50
0
-50
-100
spacing between center of line and pipeline (m)
150
200
10
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
spacing between center of line and pipeline (m)
150
200
Figure 13.
Different separation distance between conductors for
horizontal configurations
156
100
h=35m
h=38m
h=41m
90
100
90
70
80
60
80
50
40
30
20
10
0
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
spacing between center of line and pipeline (m)
150
200
50
40
30
With OHEW
Without OHEW
10
0
-200
150
100
50
0
-50
-100
-150
separation distance between center of power line and pipeline (m)
200
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
0
-200
60
100
10
70
20
With OHEW
Without OHEW
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
separation distance between center of power line and pipeline (m)
200
4. Conclusions
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
distance of parallelism between pipeline and power line in (Km)
30
1100
Without OHEW
Leo OHEW
Pluto OHEW
Trition OHEW
1000
900
157
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, I would like to thank my GOD for giv ing me
the ability to co mplete my work.
My deepest gratitude goes to my supervisor Prof. Dr.
Ahmed A.Hossam-Eldin for his keen academic advice,
constant encouragement, guidance, and support during my
work.
I would also like to thank Dr. Wael Mokhtar for his
encouragements and help.
My sincere regards goes to my mother and my father for
all their help and care along all my whole life.
I would like to sincerely thank my wife and my daughters,
Gody and Lamar for their endless love, support and
understanding.
800
700
REFERENCES
600
[1]
[2]
[3]
500
400
300
-200
-150
100
50
0
-50
-100
spacing between center of line and pipeline (m)
150
200
158
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]