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Trabajo

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Trabajo ('Work') was a weekly newspaper published from San Jos, Costa Rica from 19311947. It was the organ
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of the Communist Party of Costa Rica.[1][2] Trabajo provided ample coverage of trade union activism.[3] Moreover,
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Initial period

[edit]

MONTHLY*
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Trabajo
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OTHER

CREDIT CARD
PAYPAL
Type

Monthly (19311932), weekly (1933

AMAZON1947)
Publisher

Communist Party of Costa Rica

Editor

Aureliano Gmez

Founded

July 14, 1931

Language

Spanish

Headquarters

San Jos

Circulation

7,500 (1946)

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Ceased
publication 1947
The first issue
of Trabajo
wasuntil
published
Unlike
its receipt
predecessor,
Revolucin
(theinclude
organ
oftoARCO),

Trabajo was an explicitly communist publication.[4] During its initial phase Trabajo was sold at ten centavos, but was
not distributed through newsstands. Trabajo relied on distribution within the labour movement. It had a circulation of
about 1,000. Publishing was somewhat irregular in its first years; it was published on monthly basis until October
1932, and from January 7, 1933 it became a weekly.[5]

Weekly

Sister newspapers Revolucin, Combate

[edit]

At the time that Trabajo became a weekly, the distribution became more widespread. According to a report from the U.S. embassy the street-based distribution network in
San Jos was managed by Carmen Lyra. The newspaper did, however, not have a developed subscription system in the capital or surrounding rural areas. By 1934 it
reached a circulation of 4,000.[5]
Trabajo was distributed in neighbouring countries, where the communist movements were suppressed and unable to issue legal organs of their own. The newspaper
claimed to have subscribers and readers in Nicaragua, Panam, Colombia, Honduras, Cuba, Venezuela, Mexico, El Salvador and Argentina.[5]

Betancourt

[edit]

Rmulo Betancourt, a Venezuelan student, was a prominent contributor to Trabajo.[6] When he went into semi-clandestinity in 1933, he was put in charge to manage
Trabajo and authored most of its editorials.[7][8] By 1934 Betancourt was appointed director of the newspaper, as part of his duties as a Central Committee member of the
party.[9][10][11] Betancourt would become the president of Venezuela in 1945.[12] As of 1935 the editor of Trabajo was Aureliano Gmez.[13]

Popular Front line

[edit]

In the aftermath of the 1936 election, in which the communists lost their parliamentary representation and the pro-fascist Len Corts Castro emerged victorious, the
political discourse of Trabajo shifted. The rhetoric of denouncing 'bourgeois democracy' and the 'landlord bourgeois government' was discontinued. Rather the
newspaper adhered to the popular front line, supporting defense of democratic advances.[5] Trabajo carried poetry dealing with the Spanish Civil War.[14]
On June 14, 1941 a special issue of Trabajo was issued in 10,000 copies, celebrating the tenth anniversary of the foundation of the Communist Party.[5]

Later period

[edit]

By 1946, Trabajo had a circulation of 7,500, which made it one of the most widely read newspapers in the country.[5] Publication of Trabajo had ended by the time of the
outbreak of the 1948 Civil War.[15] Whilst the Costa Rican communist were unable to maintain publication of Trabajo, the communist-controlled trade union organ
Combate (19431953) continued to appear.[16] Later the Popular Vanguard Party founded Adelante as a successor to Trabajo.[17]

References

[edit]

1. ^ Cerdas Cruz, Rodolfo. La hoz y el machete: la internacional comunista, Amrica Latina y la revolucin en Centro Amrica . San Jos, Costa Rica: Editorial Universidad
Estatal a Distancia, 1986. p. 416
2. ^ a b Oliva Medina, Mario, and Rodrigo Quesada Monge. Cien aos de poesa popular en Costa Rica (18501950) . San Jos, Costa Rica: Editorial Universidad Estatal a
Distancia, 2007. pp. 68
3. ^ Miller, Eugene D. A Holy Alliance?: The Church and the Left in Costa Rica, 1932 - 1948 . Armonk, NY [u.a.]: Sharpe, 1996. pp. 910
4. ^ Cerdas Cruz, Rodolfo. La hoz y el machete: la internacional comunista, Amrica Latina y la revolucin en Centro Amrica . San Jos, Costa Rica: Editorial Universidad
Estatal a Distancia, 1986. p. 326
5. ^ a b c d e f Molina Jimnez, Ivn. Los primeros aos de Trabajo, el peridico del Partido Comunista de Costa Rica (19311935) , in Amnis, 4, 2004
6. ^ Molina Jimnez, Ivn. Ricardo Jimnez . San Jos, C.R.: EUNED, 2009. p. 106
7. ^ Angulo Rivas, Alfredo. Adios a la utopia . Caracas: Univ. de los Andes, Alfadil Ed, 1993.p. 26
8. ^ Betancourt, Rmulo. Venezuela, Oil and Politics . Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1979. p. 27
9. ^ Arriz Lucca, Rafael, and Hermn Sifontes Tovar. Rmulo Betancourt: crnica visual . Caracas: Fundacin para la Cultura Urbana, 2009. p. 17
10. ^ Romero, Mara Teresa. Rmulo Betancourt: (19081981) . [Caracas, Venezuela]: Editora El Nacional, 2005. p. 40
11. ^ Luque, Guillermo. Educacin, estado y nacin: una historia poltica de la educacin oficial venezolana, 19281958 . Caracas: Universidad Central de Venezuela, Consejo de
Desarrollo Cientfico y Humanstico, 1999. p. 70
12. ^ Henderson, James D., Helen Delpar, Maurice Philip Brungardt, and Richard N. Weldon. A Reference Guide to Latin American History . Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe, 1999. p.
438
13. ^ Molina Jimnez, Ivn. Ricardo Jimnez . San Jos, C.R.: EUNED, 2009. p. 118
14. ^ Ros Esparz, Angel Mara. Costa Rica y la Guerra Civil espaola . San Jos, Costa Rica: Ed. Porvenir, 1997. p. 107
15. ^ Acua Ortega, Vctor H., and Ivn Molina Jimnez. Historia econmica y social de Costa Rica, 17501950 . San Jos, Costa Rica: Editorial Porvenir, 1991. p. 185
16. ^ Molina Jimnez, Ivn. Los pasados de la memoria: el origen de la reforma social en Costa Rica (19381943) . Heredia, Costa Rica: EUNA, 2008. p. 57
17. ^ Proyecto Estado de la Nacin. Auditoria ciudadana sobre la calidad de la democracia, vol. 1 . Pavas, Costa Rica: Proyecto Estado de la Nacin, 2001. p. 126

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Categories: Publications established in 1931 Publications disestablished in 1947 Newspapers published in Costa Rica Spanish-language communist newspapers
1930s establishments in Costa Rica

This page was last modified on 1 February 2014 at 02:37.

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