Area

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Aptitude :: Area
FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS
1.
Results on Triangles:
i.
Sum of the angles of a triangle is 180.
ii.
The sum of any two sides of a triangle is greater than the third side.
iii.
Pythagoras Theorem:
In a right-angled triangle, (Hypotenuse)2 = (Base)2 + (Height)2.
iv.
2.
The line joining the mid-point of a side of a triangle to the positive vertex is called
the median.
v.
The point where the three medians of a triangle meet, is called centroid.The centroid
divided each of the medians in the ratio 2 : 1.
vi.
In an isosceles triangle, the altitude from the vertex bisects the base.
vii.
The median of a triangle divides it into two triangles of the same area.
viii.
The area of the triangle formed by joining the mid-points of the sides of a given
triangle is one-fourth of the area of the given triangle.
Results on Quadrilaterals:
i.
The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other.
ii.
Each diagonal of a parallelogram divides it into triangles of the same area.
iii.
The diagonals of a rectangle are equal and bisect each other.
iv.
The diagonals of a square are equal and bisect each other at right angles.
v.
The diagonals of a rhombus are unequal and bisect each other at right angles.
vi.
A parallelogram and a rectangle on the same base and between the same parallels are
equal in area.
vii.
Of all the parallelogram of given sides, the parallelogram which is a rectangle has the
greatest area.
IMPORTANT FORMULAE
I.
1.
Area of a rectangle = (Length x Breadth).

Area
Length =
II.
III.
IV.
V.
2.
Area
Breadth
and Breadth =
Length
Perimeter of a rectangle = 2(Length + Breadth).
Area of a square = (side)2 = (diagonal)2.

Area of 4 walls of a room = 2 (Length + Breadth) x Height.
1.
Area of a triangle =
x Base x Height.
2.
Area of a triangle = s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)

where a, b, c are the sides of the triangle and s =
3.
Area of an equilateral triangle = 3 x (side)2.
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(a + b + c).
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VI.
VII.
VIII.
Radius of incircle of an equilateral triangle of side a =
5.
Radius of circumcircle of an equilateral triangle of side a =
6.
Radius of incircle of a triangle of area
1.
Area of parallelogram = (Base x Height).
2.
Area of a rhombus =
3.
Area of a trapezium =
1.
Area of a circle =
2.
Circumference of a circle = 2 R.
3.
Length of an arc =
4.
Area of a sector =
1.
Circumference of a semi-circle =
23
.
a
3
and semi-perimeter s =
x (Product of diagonals).
x (sum of parallel sides) x distance between them.
R2, where R is the radius.
2 R
360
, where
is the central angle.
1
R2
(arc x R) =
.
2
360
R.
2.
1.
4.
Area of semi-circle =
R2
.
2
The ratio between the length and the breadth of a rectangular park is 3 : 2. If a man cycling along
the boundary of the park at the speed of 12 km/hr completes one round in 8 minutes, then the
area of the park (in sq. m) is:
A.
15360
B.
153600
C.
30720
D.
307200
Answer & Explanation
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
12000
Perimeter = Distance covered in 8 min. =
60
x8
Let length = 3x metres and breadth = 2x metres.
m = 1600 m.
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Then, 2(3x + 2x) = 1600 or x = 160.

Length = 480 m and Breadth = 320 m.
Area = (480 x 320) m2 = 153600 m2.
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2.
An error 2% in excess is made while measuring the side of a square. The percentage of error in
the calculated area of the square is:
A.
2%
B.
2.02%
C.
4%
D.
4.04%
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
100 cm is read as 102 cm.
A1 = (100 x 100) cm2 and A2 (102 x 102) cm2.
(A2 - A1) = [(102)2 - (100)2]
= (102 + 100) x (102 - 100)
= 404 cm2.
404
Percentage error =
100 x 100
x 100
= 4.04%
%
3.
The ratio between the perimeter and the breadth of a rectangle is 5 : 1. If the area of the
rectangle is 216 sq. cm, what is the length of the rectangle?
A.
16 cm
B.
18 cm
C.
24 cm
D.
Data inadequate
E.
None of these
Answer: Option B
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Explanation:
2(l + b)
b
5
1
2l + 2b = 5b
3b = 2l
2
l
3
b=
Then, Area = 216 cm2

l x b = 216
lx
2
3
l = 216
l2 = 324
l = 18 cm.
4.
The percentage increase in the area of a rectangle, if each of its sides is increased by 20% is:
A.
40%
B.
42%
C.
44%
D.
46%
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Let original length = x metres and original breadth = y metres.
Original area = (xy) m2.
120
New length =
100
6
=
120
New breadth =
100
m.
6
6
xx y
5
5
6
New Area =
y
m.
36
m2
25
xy
m2.
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The difference between the original area = xy and new-area 36/25 xy is

= (36/25)xy - xy
= xy(36/25 - 1)
= xy(11/25) or (11/25)xy
11
Increase % =
= 44%.
%
5.
25
xy x
xy
x 100
A rectangular park 60 m long and 40 m wide has two concrete crossroads running in the middle of
the park and rest of the park has been used as a lawn. If the area of the lawn is 2109 sq. m, then
what is the width of the road?
A.
2.91 m
B.
3m
C.
5.82 m
D.
None of these
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Area of the park = (60 x 40) m2 = 2400 m2.
Area of the lawn = 2109 m2.
Area of the crossroads = (2400 - 2109) m2 = 291 m2.
Let the width of the road be x metres. Then,
60x + 40x - x2 = 291
x2 - 100x + 291 = 0
(x - 97)(x - 3) = 0
x = 3.
6.
The diagonal of the floor of a rectangular closet is 7
feet. What is the area of the closet in square feet?
A.
1
5
4
B.
feet. The shorter side of the closet is 4
13
1
2
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C.
27
D.
37
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Other side =
15 2
9 2
-
2
225
4
81
ft
ft
144
ft
= 6 ft.
Area of closet = (6 x 4.5) sq. ft = 27 sq. ft.

7.
A towel, when bleached, was found to have lost 20% of its length and 10% of its breadth. The
percentage of decrease in area is:
A.
10%
B.
10.08%
C.
20%
D.
28%
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Let original length = x and original breadth = y.
80
Decrease in area = xy -
100
90
x x
y
100
18
xy -
7
xy.
25
25
xy
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7
Decrease % =
= 28%.
%
8.
25
xy x
xy
x 100
A man walked diagonally across a square lot. Approximately, what was the percent saved by not
walking along the edges?
A.
20
B.
24
C.
30
D.
33
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Let the side of the square(ABCD) be x metres.
Then, AB + BC = 2x metres.
AC = 2x = (1.41x) m.
Saving on 2x metres = (0.59x) m.
0.59x
Saving % =
= 30% (approx.)
%
9.
2x
x 100
The diagonal of a rectangle is 41 cm and its area is 20 sq. cm. The perimeter of the rectangle
must be:
A.
9 cm
B.
18 cm
C.
20 cm
D.
41 cm
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
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l2 + b2 = 41.
Also, lb = 20.
(l + b)2 = (l2 + b2) + 2lb = 41 + 40 = 81
(l + b) = 9.
Perimeter = 2(l + b) = 18 cm.
10. What is the least number of squares tiles required to pave the floor of a room 15 m 17 cm long
and 9 m 2 cm broad?
A.
814
B.
820
C.
840
D.
844
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Length of largest tile = H.C.F. of 1517 cm and 902 cm = 41 cm.
Area of each tile = (41 x 41) cm2.
1517 x 902
Required number of tiles =
41 x 41
= 814.
11. The difference between the length and breadth of a rectangle is 23 m. If its perimeter is 206 m,
then its area is:
A.
1520 m2
B.
2420 m2
C.
2480 m2
D.
2520 m2
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
We have: (l - b) = 23 and 2(l + b) = 206 or (l + b) = 103.
Solving the two equations, we get: l = 63 and b = 40.
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Area = (l x b) = (63 x 40) m2 = 2520 m2.

12. The length of a rectangle is halved, while its breadth is tripled. What is the percentage change in
area?
A.
25% increase
B.
50% increase
C.
50% decrease
D.
75% decrease
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Let original length = x and original breadth = y.
Original area = xy.
New length =
x
2
New breadth = 3y.

x
New area =
x 3y
1
Increase % =
3
xy.
2
1
= 50%.
%
2
xy x
xy
x 100
13. The length of a rectangular plot is 20 metres more than its breadth. If the cost of fencing the plot
@ 26.50 per metre is Rs. 5300, what is the length of the plot in metres?
A.
40
B.
50
C.
120
D.
Data inadequate
E.
None of these
Answer: Option E
Explanation:
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Let breadth = x metres.

Then, length = (x + 20) metres.
5300
Perimeter =
26.50
m = 200 m.
2[(x + 20) + x] = 200

2x + 20 = 100
2x = 80
x = 40.
Hence, length = x + 20 = 60 m.
14. A rectangular field is to be fenced on three sides leaving a side of 20 feet uncovered. If the area of
the field is 680 sq. feet, how many feet of fencing will be required?
A.
34
B.
40
C.
68
D.
88
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
We have: l = 20 ft and lb = 680 sq. ft.
So, b = 34 ft.
Length of fencing = (l + 2b) = (20 + 68) ft = 88 ft.
15.
A tank is 25 m long, 12 m wide and 6 m deep. The cost of plastering its

walls and bottom at 75 paise per sq. m, is:
A.
Rs. 456
B.
Rs. 458
C.
Rs. 558
D.
Rs. 568
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Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Area to be plastered = [2(l + b) x h] + (l x b)
= {[2(25 + 12) x 6] + (25 x 12)} m2
= (444 + 300) m2
= 744 m2.
75
Cost of plastering = Rs.
744 x
100
= Rs. 558.
Directions to Solve
Each of the questions given below consists of a statement and / or a question and
two statements numbered I and II given below it. You have to decide whether the
data provided in the statement(s) is / are sufficient to answer the given question.
Read the both statements and
1.
Give answer (A) if the data in Statement I alone are sufficient to answer
the question, while the data in Statement II alone are not sufficient to
answer the question.
Give answer (B) if the data in Statement II alone are sufficient to answer
the question, while the data in Statement I alone are not sufficient to
answer the question.
Give answer (C) if the data either in Statement I or in Statement II alone
are sufficient to answer the question.
Give answer (D) if the data even in both Statements I and II together are
not sufficient to answer the question.
Give answer(E) if the data in both Statements I and II together are
necessary to answer the question.
The area of playground is 1600 m2. What is the perimeter?

I. It is a perfect square playground.
II. It costs Rs. 3200 to put a fence around the playground at the rate of
Rs. 20 per metre.
A.
I alone sufficient while II alone not sufficient to answer
B.
II alone sufficient while I alone not sufficient to answer
C.
Either I or II alone sufficient to answer
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D.
Both I and II are not sufficient to answer
E.
Both I and II are necessary to answer
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Area = 1600 m2.
I. Side = 1600 m = 40 m. So, perimeter = (40 x 4) m = 160 m.
I alone gives the answer.
II. Perimeter =
Total cost
Cost per metre
3200
20
m = 160 m.
II alone gives the answer.

Correct answer is (C).
2.
The area of a rectangle is equal to the area of right-angles triangle. What

is the length of the rectangle?
I. The base of the triangle is 40 cm.
II. The height of the triangle is 50 cm.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Answer: Option D
12
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Explanation:
Given: Area of rectangle = Area of a right-angles triangle.
lxb=
1
2
xBxH
I gives, B = 40 cm.
II gives, H = 50 cm.
Thus, to find l, we need b also, which is not given.
Given data is not sufficient to give the answer.
Correct answer is (D).
3.
What is the height of the triangle?

I. The area of the triangle is 20 times its base.
II. The perimeter of the triangle is equal to the perimeter of a square of
side 10 cm.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
I. A = 20 x B
13
1
2
x B x H = 20 x B
H = 40.
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I alone gives the answer.

II gives, perimeter of the triangle = 40 cm.
This does not give the height of the triangle.
Correct answer is (A).
4.
What will be the cost of painting the inner walls of a room if the rate of
painting is Rs. 20 per square foot?
I. Circumference of the floor is 44 feet.
II. The height of the wall of the room is 12 feet.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Answer: Option E
Explanation:
I gives, 2 R = 44.
II gives, H = 12.
A = 2 RH = (4 x 12).
Cost of painting = Rs. (44 x 12 x 20).
Thus, I and II together give the answer.
Correct answer is (E).
Directions to Solve
14
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Each of the questions given below consists of a question followed by three

statements. You have to study the question and the statements and decide which
of the statement(s) is/are necessary to answer the question.
1.
What is the area of the hall?

I. Material cost of flooring per square metre is Rs. 2.50
II. Labour cost of flooring the hall is Rs. 3500
III. Total cost of flooring the hall is Rs. 14,500.
A.
I and II only
B.
II and III only
C.
All I, II and III
D.
Any two of the three
E.
None of these
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
I. Material cost = Rs. 2.50 per m2
II. Labour cost = Rs. 3500.
III. Total cost = Rs. 14,500.
Let the area be A sq. metres.
Material cost = Rs. (14500 - 3500) = Rs. 11,000.
5A
2
11000 x 2
= 11000
A=
= 4400 m2.
Thus, all I, II and III are needed to get the answer.

15
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2.
What is the area of a right--angled triangle?

I. The perimeter of the triangle is 30 cm.
II. The ratio between the base and the height of the triangle is 5 : 12.
III. The area of the triangle is equal to the area of a rectangle of length 10
cm.
A.
I and II only
B.
II and III only
C.
I and III only
D.
III, and either I or II only
E.
None of these
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
From II, base : height = 5 : 12.
Let base = 5x and height = 12x.
12
Then, hypotenuse = (5x)2 + (12x)2 = 13x.
From I, perimeter of the triangle = 30 cm.
5x + 12x + 13x = 30
x = 1.
So, base = 5x = 5 cm, height = 12x

12 = 12 cm.
1
Area =
x 5 x 12
cm2
= 30 cm2.
Thus, I and II together give the answer.

Clearly III is redundant, since the breadth of the rectangle is not given.
16
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Correct answer is (A).

3.
What is the area of rectangular field?

I. The perimeter of the field is 110 metres.
II. The length is 5 metres more than the width.
III. The ratio between length and width is 6 : 5 respectively.
A.
I and II only
B.
Any two of the three
C.
All I, II and III
D.
I, and either II or III only
E.
None of these
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
I. 2(l + b) = 110
II. l = (b + 5)
III.
l
b
6
5
l + b = 55.
l - b = 5.
5l - 6b = 0.
These are three equations in l and b. We may solve them pairwise.

Any two of the three will give the answer.
Correct answer is (B).
Directions to Solve
Each of these questions is followed by three statements. You have to study the
question and all the three statements given to decide whether any information
provided in the statement(s) is redundant and can be dispensed with while
answering the given question.
17
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1.
What is the area of the given rectangle?

I. Perimeter of the rectangle is 60 cm.
II. Breadth of the rectangle is 12 cm.
III. Sum of two adjacent sides is 30 cm.
A.
I only
B.
II only
C.
I and II only
D.
II and III only
E.
II and either I or III
Answer: Option E
Explanation:
From I and II, we can find the length and breadth of the rectangle and
therefore the area can be obtained.
So, III is redundant.
Also, from II and III, we can find the length and breadth and therefore the
area can be obtained.
So, I is redundant.
Correct answer is "II and either I or III".
2.
What is the cost painting the two adjacent walls of a hall at Rs. 5 per
m2 which has no windows or doors?
I. The area of the hall is 24 sq. m.
II. The breadth, length and height of the hall are in the ratio of 4 : 6 : 5
respectively.
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III. Area of one wall is 30 sq. m.
A.
I only
B.
II only
C.
III only
D.
Either I or III
E.
All I, II and III are required.
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
From II, let l = 4x, b = 6x
x and h = 5x.
Then, area of the hall = (24x
(24 2) m2.
From I. Area of the hall = 24 m2.
From II and I, we get 24x2 = 24
x = 1.
l = 4 m, b = 6 and h = 5 m.
Thus, area of two adjacent walls = [(l
[( x h) + (b x h)] m2 can be found out
and so the cost of painting two adjacent walls may be found out.
Thus, III is redundant.
19

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Area of a rectangle = (Length x Breadth).

Perimeter of a rectangle = 2(Length + Breadth).

Area of a square = (side)2 = (diagonal)2.

Area of a triangle = s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)

Area of an equilateral triangle = 3 x (side)2.

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Radius of incircle of an equilateral triangle of side a =

Radius of circumcircle of an equilateral triangle of side a =

Radius of incircle of a triangle of area

Area of parallelogram = (Base x Height).

x (sum of parallel sides) x distance between them.

R2, where R is the radius.

is the central angle.

Answer & Explanation

Let length = 3x metres and breadth = 2x metres.

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Then, 2(3x + 2x) = 1600 or x = 160.

Answer & Explanation

Answer & Explanation

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Then, Area = 216 cm2

Answer & Explanation

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The difference between the original area = xy and new-area 36/25 xy is

Answer & Explanation

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feet. The shorter side of the closet is 4

Answer & Explanation

Area of closet = (6 x 4.5) sq. ft = 27 sq. ft.

Answer & Explanation

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Answer & Explanation

Answer & Explanation

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Answer & Explanation

Answer & Explanation

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Area = (l x b) = (63 x 40) m2 = 2520 m2.

Answer & Explanation

New breadth = 3y.

Answer & Explanation

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Let breadth = x metres.

2[(x + 20) + x] = 200

Answer & Explanation

A tank is 25 m long, 12 m wide and 6 m deep. The cost of plastering its

Answer & Explanation

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The area of playground is 1600 m2. What is the perimeter?

I alone sufficient while II alone not sufficient to answer

II alone sufficient while I alone not sufficient to answer

Either I or II alone sufficient to answer

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Both I and II are not sufficient to answer

Both I and II are necessary to answer

Answer & Explanation

II alone gives the answer.

The area of a rectangle is equal to the area of right-angles triangle. What

I alone sufficient while II alone not sufficient to answer

II alone sufficient while I alone not sufficient to answer

Either I or II alone sufficient to answer

Both I and II are not sufficient to answer

Both I and II are necessary to answer