1.033/1.

57
Mechanics of Material Systems
(Mechanics and Durability of Solids I)

Franz-Josef Ulm
Lecture: MWF1 // Recitation: F3:00-4:30

1.033/1.57 Mechanics of Material Systems

Part II: Momentum Balance,

Stresses and Stress States
4. Stress States / Failure Criteria

1.033/1.57 Mechanics of Material Systems

Content 1.033/1.57
Part I. Deformation and Strain
1 Description of Finite Deformation
2 Infinitesimal Deformation
Part II. Momentum Balance and Stresses
3 Momentum Balance
4 Stress States / Failure Criterion
Part III. Elasticity and Elasticity Bounds
5 Thermoelasticity,
6 Variational Methods
Part IV. Plasticity and Yield Design
7 1D-Plasticity An Energy Approac
8 Plasticity Models
9 Limit Analysis and Yield Design
1.033/1.57 Mechanics of Material Systems

Stress Vector and Stress Components

t = uII

T(n)

Stress components on a
material surface oriented
by unit normal n

T(n) = n

n = uI

Stress components on a
material surface oriented
in the principal stress
direction n = uI

1.033/1.57 Mechanics of Material Systems

Stress Vector in the Principal Stress Space

(Illustration of Stress Invariants)

u3

T(u1)

T(n) = mn+octt
n = Orientation of
hydrostatic axis

T(u2)

u2

u1

T(u3)
1.033/1.57 Mechanics of Material Systems

Stress Vector in the Mohr Plane

T(n) = (n)n + (n,t) t

uI

(n,t)

(n,t) t

OT

T(n)

uII

2>0
n

<0

(n) n

II

1.033/1.57 Mechanics of Material Systems

(n)

Mohr Circles and The Mohr Circle

The Mohr Circle

1.033/1.57 Mechanics of Material Systems

Selected Stress States: Hydrostatic Pressure

= p1

p
p

OT

I = II = III

= p

p
(a)
Material Plane

(b)
Mohr Stress Plane

1.033/1.57 Mechanics of Material Systems

Selected Stress States: Uniaxial Tension

= I ez ez
n = ez

I
OT(ez)

II = III
(c)
Material Plane

(d)
Mohr Stress Plane

1.033/1.57 Mechanics of Material Systems

Selected Stress States: Pure Shear

= (ex ey+ ey ex)

t = ey

uII

uI

OT(ex)
2 = /2

n = ex

= /4

II

III

(e)
Material Plane

(f)
Mohr Stress Plane

1.033/1.57 Mechanics of Material Systems

Selected Stress States: Plane Stress

T(n=ez) = ez = 0

n = ez

ey

ex

III

Material Plane

zz= II

Mohr Stress Plane

1.033/1.57 Mechanics of Material Systems

Tension Cut-Off

= ft

Shear

Direct Tension
p

max

1.033/1.57 Mechanics of Material Systems

Tresca Criterion
n

T(n)

T(n)

uI
n

uIII

(uIII, n)=+/4

T(n)

(uI, n)=/4

uI

0 /2
OT
2=/2

OT
2=+/2

0 /2

1.033/1.57 Mechanics of Material Systems

Tresca Criterion: Application

p

ey

ex

OT(n)

II=III =p
2

1
B

1.033/1.57 Mechanics of Material Systems

OT(n)

T(n)

t
uII

uI
n

+c

crit
= /2/4<0
(a)

MohrCoulomb

III

OT
R

2
= /2 > 0

crit

1.033/1.57 Mechanics of Material Systems

(b)

Direct Tension

t
T(n)

uI

MohrCoulomb

OT

n
uI

T(n)

max

Shear

+c

OT
OT

fc
Uniaxial Compression

uI

ft

uIII
T(n)
1.033/1.57 Mechanics of Material Systems

Training Set: Excavation Set

ey

ex
1.033/1.57 Mechanics of Material Systems

Max. Excavation Depth of Tresca Material

0/2
Zone 2
x

Zone 1

(x-H)

0/2

1.033/1.57 Mechanics of Material Systems

Homework Set #2
F

h
z

2R

2R

Part
II: Circular
Foundation
1.033/1.57 Mechanics
of Material
Systems
Part I: Triaxial Test