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LAB #6
Fall 2014
Name ___________________
Section ______________
Node-Voltage Analysis
OBJECTIVE:
1. Solve a circuit using nodal analysis.
THEORY
Nodes
A node is a section of a circuit which connects components to each other. All of the
current entering a node must leave a node, according to Kirchoff's Current
Law(KCL). Every point on the node is at the same voltage; no matter how close it is
to each component, because the connections between components regarded as
perfect conductors. This voltage is called the node voltage, and is the voltage
difference between the node and an arbitrary reference, the ground point. The
ground point is a node which is defined as having zero voltage. The ground node
should be chosen carefully for convenience. Note that the ground node does not
necessarily represent an actual connection to ground. For example, if a node has a
voltage of 5 Volts, then the voltage drop between that node and the ground node
will be 5 Volts.
Nodal Analysis
Nodal analysis is a formalized procedure based on KCL equations.
Steps:
1. Identify all nodes.
2. Choose a reference node. Identify it with reference (ground) symbol. A good
choice is the node with the most branches, or a node which can immediately
give you another node voltage (e.g., below a voltage source).
3. Assign voltage variables to the other nodes (these are node voltages.)
node 0:
node 1:
node 2:
node 3:
PROCEDURE:
Figure 1 - Circuit #1
2. Pick different resistors value for Ra, Rb, and Rc. Choose these resistors at
random. Record the resistor values. Then calculate Ia, Ib, Ic.
3. Measure and record the values of Ia, Ib, Ic, Va, Vb, and Vc. Make a table
for the calculated and recorded value
4.
Figure 2 - Circuit #2
1. Calculate V1 and then Ia, Ib, Ic, Va, Vb, and Vc in the circuits shown in
Figure 1 using nodal analysis. Show all work.
2. Calculate Ia, Ib, Ic, Va, Vb, Vc and Vd in the circuits shown in Figure 2
using nodal analysis. Show all work.
3. Compare between the measured and calculated values for both circuits.
4. Repeat the measurements calculation of Circuit #2, but with the reference
node moved to the node N1.
5. Is there a difference in Va, Vb, Vc, and Vc? If so, write down the new value
for each voltage.
6. Write a conclusion for this experiment.