ABSTRACT

This experiment was carried out to determine the power input, heat output and coefficient of
performance of a vapour compression heat pump system. Next, is to produce the performance of heat
pump over a range of source and delivery temperatures. Besides, to plot the vapour cycle on p-h
diagram and compare with the ideal cycle and to perform energy balances for the condenser and
compressor. In addition is to plot the performance of heat pump over a range of evaporating and
condensation temperatures which are the saturation temperature at condensing pressure. And lastly to
determine the compression ratio and volumetric efficiency. The Refrigerant Unit was used for this
experiment. The experiment conducted by following the procedure given and repeated by the condition
needed. Based on the results of observation of experiment 1, the experiment shows that the power
input is 163W and 76.63W for the power output. This gives a result of 0.47 coefficient of performance of
a vapour compression heat pump system (COPH). As for the second experiment, the results above
shows that COPH increase when the cooling water flow rate decrease. For experiment 3, based on the
results tabulated above, we can see the difference between the vapor compression cycle on the p-h
diagram and the ideal gas cycle due to the energy losses. For experiment 4 we can get the production of
heat pump performance curves over a range of evaporating and condensation temperatures and lastly
experiment 5 to get the estimation of the effect of compressor pressure ratio on volumetric efficiency

INTRODUCTION
A refrigerant is a substance or mixture, usually a fluid, used in a heat pump and refrigeration cycle. In
most cycles it undergoes phase transitions from a liquid to a gas and back again. Many working fluids
have been used for such purposes. Fluorocarbons, especially chlorofluorocarbons, became
commonplace in the 20th century, but they are being phased out because of their ozone depletion
effects. Other common refrigerants used in various applications are ammonia, sulfur dioxide, and nonhalogenated hydrocarbons such as propane.

The ideal refrigerant would have favorable thermodynamic properties, be noncorrosive to mechanical
components, and be safe, including free from toxicity and flammability. It would not cause ozone
depletion or climate change. Since different fluids have the desired traits in different degree, choice is a
matter of trade-off.

The desired thermodynamic properties are a boiling point somewhat below the target temperature, a
high heat of vaporization, a moderate density in liquid form, a relatively high density in gaseous form,
and a high critical temperature. Since boiling point and gas density are affected by pressure, refrigerants
may be made more suitable for a particular application by choice of operating pressures.

Refrigeration is a process in which work is done to move heat from one location to another. The work of
heat transport is traditionally driven by mechanical work, but can also be driven by heat, magnetism,
electricity, laser, or other means. Refrigeration has many applications, including, but not limited to:
household refrigerators, industrial freezers, cryogenics, and air conditioning. Heat pumps may use the
heat output of the refrigeration process, and also may be designed to be reversible, but are otherwise
similar to refrigeration units.

OBJECTIVE
This experiment was carried out to determine the power input, heat output and coefficient of
performance of a vapour compression heat pump system. Next, is to produce the performance of heat
pump over a range of source and delivery temperatures. Besides, to plot the vapour cycle on ph diagram
and compare with the ideal cycle and is to perform energy balances for the condenser and compressor.
In addition is to plot the performance of heat pump over a range of evaporating and condensation
temperatures which are the saturation temperature at condensing pressure. And lastly to determine the
compression ratio and volumetric efficiency.