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Subject : Chemistry
Unit : 1.3 1.7
Section - A
1.
2.
CH3CH(OH)CH3
CH3CCl(CH3)CH3
CH3CHClCH3
CH3CH2CH2Cl
(Total 1 mark)
3.
Two
Three
Four
Five
(Total 1 mark)
4.
One
Two
Three
Four
(Total 1 mark)
5.
The sketch graph below shows the trend in first ionization energies for some elements in Periods
two and three.
(b)
is a member of Group 3.
A
B
C
D
(1)
(c)
A
B
C
D
(1)
(d)
6.
Ba2+
Ca2+
Cs+
K+
(Total 1 mark)
7.
Which of these electron density maps best represents the bonding in the compound lithium iodide,
LiI?
(Total 1 mark)
8.
Which of the following compounds shows hydrogen bonding in the liquid state?
A
Silane, SiH4
Ammonia, NH3
(Total 1 mark)
9.
Ammonia, NH3
10.
The electronegativities of four pairs of elements are given below. Which pair would form the
compound with the greatest ionic character?
A
11.
Which of the following successive ionization energies (values in kJ mol1) could have come from a
transition element?
A
11508 18956
(Total 1 mark)
12.
Electrophilic substitution
Electrophilic addition
(Total 1 mark)
13.
Which of the following successive ionization energies (values in kJ mol1) could have come from a
transition element?
A
11508 18956
(Total 1 mark)
14. The first ionization energies, in kJ mol1, of four elements with consecutive atomic numbers are
shown below.
A
1680
2080
496
738
(a)
(b)
(c)
15.
The graph below shows the second ionization energy of a series of elements with consecutive
atomic numbers.
1.
Consider the following data for the hydrides of the Group 4 elements.
element
formula of
hydride
boiling
temperature
/K
relative
molecular
mass
carbon
CH4
109
16
silicon
SiH4
161
32
(a)
germanium
GeH4
185
77
tin
SnH4
221
123
lead
PbH4
Represent the trend in the boiling temperature with relative molecular mass for these
hydrides.
350
Boiling
temperature
/K
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
0
50
100
150
200
250
(2)
(b)
(i)
Account for the increase in boiling temperature as the relative molecular mass
increases.
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............................................................................................................................
(2)
(ii)
Use your diagram in (a) to suggest a likely value for the boiling temperature of PbH4.
............................................................................................................................
(1)
(iii) PbH4 is actually thermally unstable and unlikely to have the boiling temperature you
have suggested. Suggest why PbH4 is thermally unstable
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
(2)
(c)
.....................................................................................................................................
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(3)
(d)
(i)
(ii)
The successive ionisation energies of silicon are given in the table below.
number of ionisation
789
1580
3230
4360
16100
19800
23800
29200
33900
10
38800
11
45900
12
505000
13
235000
14
258000
2.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(b)
Bromine consists of two isotopes, mass numbers 79 and 81. A sample of bromine gas, Br2,
was examined in a mass spectrometer. The mass spectrum showing the molecular ions is
given below.
100
Relative
intensity
50
158
(i)
160
m/e
162
(ii)
(2)
(c)
Define the term first electron affinity for bromine atoms, illustrating your answer with an
equation.
................................................................................................................................
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................................................................................................................................
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(3)
(d)
The graph showing the variation of the first ionisation energies of the elements neon to
potassium is given below.
2500
2000
First
ionisation
1500
energy/kJ mol1
1000
500
0
(i)
Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K
(ii)
Explain the general trend in the first ionisation energies of the elements sodium to
argon.
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
(2)
(iii) Explain why the first ionisation energy of neon is greater than the first ionisation
energy of argon.
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 15 marks)
3.
(a)
(b)
Nitrogen forms an oxide called nitrous oxide, N2O. The bonding in nitrous oxide can be
represented as:
N N O
Complete the diagram below for the N2O molecule using dots or crosses to represent
electrons. Just show all of the outer shell electrons.
4.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(b)
(i)
Write the equation, including state symbols, for the reaction of magnesium with
chlorine.
(2)
(ii)
(iii) Draw a diagram (using dots or crosses) to show the bonding in magnesium chloride.
Include ALL the electrons in each species and the charges present.
(3)
(c)
(d)
Explain fully why the melting temperature of magnesium is higher than that of sodium.
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(3)
(Total 12 marks)
5.
(a)
C C
H
(i)
(ii)
What colour change occurs when aqueous bromine solution is added to isoprene?
From ..................................................... to .......................................................
(1)
(iv) Suggest the displayed formula of the product formed when excess bromine reacts with
isoprene in the dark.
(1)
(b)
(ii)
Which isomer would you expect to have the higher boiling point? Justify your answer.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 9 marks)
6.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(iii) Propene can be converted into a mixture of 2-chloropropane (as the major product) and
1-chloropropane.
Classify the reaction involved and identify the reagent required.
Classification ....................................................................................................
Reagent .............................................................................................................
(2)
(b)
(c)
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(3)
(d)
1-chloropropene, CH3CH
(2)
(e)
Explain why 1-chloropropene exists as two different geometric isomers, but propene does not.
.....................................................................................................................................
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.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 14 marks)