CHAPTER 10

MANAGEMENT FROM
ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE

Learning Objectives
1.
2.

Philosophy and Principles Islamic

Management.
Examples on Practice of Islamic
Organizations

Definition

The ability to utilize resources both

material and human, optimally in order to
achieve goals, be it short term or long
terms

Pengurusan dalam Islam

Pengurusan sebenarnya adalah sebahagian
dari kehidupan manusia dan ia adalah
amanah dari Allah SWT sebagaimana
kewajipan lain.
Fitrah kehidupan manusia ingin hidup
dalam keadaan sempurna dan bersistem
sesuai dengan kesempurnaan kejadiannya.

As a manager

Khalifah Allah

Hamba Allah

MENGURUS/
mentadbir

beribadat

hablumminnas

hablumminallah

Based on the teaching of the holy Quran and

As- Sunnah as sources to provide guidance in
making decisions
Team spirit that practiced teamwork
A strong and clear vision and mission
Values for loving and caring
Emphasis for trust and relationship, cooperation
and teamwork
The practice of consensus decision making

Management functions in Islam

Planning/Objectives/Goals
Organizing
Leading (Motivation)
Controlling ( Execution)

1. Planning
(Setting objectives)

Human beings according to Islam is the Khalifah

on the earth thus our lives and activities must be
focused to fulfill two purposes : long term and
short objective/goal
Long term goals to be the worthy servant of
Allah
Short term goals productivity may be in the form
of services or products, academic achievement,
financial profit or improvement performance
e.g. how prophet Mohammed preach Islam to the
world

2. Organizing
The structure of projects as well as the
structure of roles to be taken by human
efforts
e.g. the incident of Hijrah by prophet
Mohammed

3. Leading/ Motivation
Refers to the process of moving people in
a planned direction by motivating them
Good leadership moves people in a
direction that is in their long term best
interest.
Islam wants a leader that serve and help
others (followers) get ahead

Characteristics of an Islamic leader

1.

2.

3.

4.

He has allegiance to Allah (faithful)

He has global perceived goals of
organization not only in terms of
individual or group interest but also
from a wider Islamic perspectives
He adheres to the Syariah and the
Islamic manner of doing things
He delegates trust

Principles of Islamic leaders

1.

Syura ( Mutual Consultation)

Emphasizes on the importance of managing through
teamwork
Al-Quran has made it clear that Muslims leaders
are obligated to consult those with knowledge and
those that provide good advice
Syura will enable members of an organization to
participate in the decision making process
Syura also monitors the leaders conduct of
behavior so that he will not deviate from the
collective goals of his followers
Syura allows group members to express opinions
and grievances freely without feeling of
embarrassment

Principles of Islamic leaders

2.

Justice
Leader should deal with people justly
and fairly regardless of race, color,
national origin or religion
Al-Quran commands Muslims to be fair
when dealing with people who oppose
them

Principles of Islamic leaders

3.

Freedom of Expression
Muslims leaders are encouraged to provide
for and even invite constructive criticism
Need two-way communication
A leader should strive to create an
atmosphere of free thinking, healthy exchange
of ideas, criticism and advice so that followers
feel very comfortable in discussing matters of
interest to the group

Principles of Islamic leaders

4.

Masruih
This is the concept of legality whereby
the management have to ensure that any
action taken must be within the legal
boundary of the common/man-made
laws and the Syariahs law

Principles of Islamic leaders

5.

Qualification
The importance of selecting the right
management personnel
Based on two element: Quwwah
(strength) and Amanah (trustworthy)
Should be based on self-interest or
favoritism

Principles of Islamic leaders

6.

Reward
Must be fair in any action and reward
people accordingly
View rewards as the
compensation/benefits earned not only
today but till one dies
This is known as Pembalasan Dunia dan
Akhirat

Principles of Islamic leaders

7.

Maslahah
Prioritizing the needs of others before
your own individual needs
Leaders need to see the needs of the
followers as their main concern

4. Control
(Execution)
Defined as the application of the
procedures prescribed and organized
according to plan as well as the
performance of the roles defined and
specified under the organization
Carrying out the plans and assuring that
the results will conform to the actual
plans

The Principles of Islamic

Management
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

The ultimate goal of our life should be

harmoniously linked with the worldly aims.
The moral/religious value of work should be
integrated in the work or activities we do.
Time should be treated as commodity.
We should uphold and internalize the Islamic
ethical values
Self criticism should be exercised
periodically both individually and collectively
and should be practiced by all workers at all
level.

The Principles of Islamic

Management
There shall be no favoritism and discrimination.
7.
Human nature and needs should be both
considered simultaneously.
8.
Employees must be paid sufficiently and
promptly
9.
The should be conducive rewards for
exceptional achievement and adequate
measures to detect and prevent violations.
10. Consultation based on mutual discussion and
uncalculating cooperation among members of
organization.
6.

Conclusion
Islamic management focus on not only
physical/material but also spiritual aspect.
All the theories from the modern
perspective can be accepted as long as it
not against the syariat.

http://www.slideshare.net/wanbk/bab-11-pengurusan-dan-organisasi-menurut-perspektif-islam

Exercise

Define the four functions of

management from the Islamic point of
view

Explain the principles of Islamic

Management

Explain the principles of Islamic

leaders

THANK YOU