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Images
In This Chapter
20
image files
vector-based AutoCAD drawings and then view and plot
the resulting file. There are a number of reasons for
combining raster images with vector files, including
Internet
Controlling image brightness,
preferences
logos; and adding computer-rendered images.
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Raster images, like many other AutoCAD drawing objects, can be copied,
moved, or clipped. You can modify an image with grip modes, adjust an
image for contrast, clip the image with a rectangle or polygon, or use an
image as a cutting edge for a trim.
The image file formats supported by AutoCAD include the most common formats used in major technical imaging application areas: computer graphics,
document management, engineering, mapping, and geographic information
systems (GIS). Images can be bitonal, 8-bit gray, 8-bit color, or 24-bit color.
Several image file formats support images with transparent pixels. When
image transparency is set to on, AutoCAD recognizes those transparent pixels
and allows graphics in the drawing area to show through those pixels. (In
bitonal images, background pixels are treated as transparent.) Transparent
images can be gray-scale or color.
Although the file extension is listed in the following table, AutoCAD
determines the file format from the file contents, not from the file extension.
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File extension
BMP
CALS-I
Mil-R-Raster I
FLIC
.flc, .fli
GeoSPOT
.bil
IG4
.ig4
IGS
.igs
JFIF or JPEG
.jpg or .jpeg
PCX
.pcx
PICT
.pct
PNG
.png
RLC
Run-Length Compressed
.rlc
TARGA
.tga
TIFF
.tif or .tiff
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Once youve attached an image, you can reattach it multiple times, treating
it as if it were a block. Each insertion has its own clip boundary and its own
settings for brightness, contrast, fade, and transparency. You can specify the
raster image scale factor when you attach the image so that the scale of the
geometry in the image matches the scale of the geometry in the AutoCAD
drawing. AutoCAD multiplies the image by the specified scale. The default
image scale factor is 1, and the default unit for all images is Unitless. The
image file can contain resolution information defining the dots per inch
(DPI), relating to how the image was scanned.
If an image has resolution information, AutoCAD combines this information
with the scale factor and the AutoCAD unit of measurement of the drawing to
scale the image in your drawing. For example, if your raster image is a scanned
blueprint on which the scale is 1 inch equals 50 feet, or 1:600, and your
AutoCAD drawing is set up so that 1 unit represents 1 inch, then in the Image
dialog box under Scale, select Specify On-Screen. To scale the image, you clear
Specify On-Screen, and then enter 600 in Scale. AutoCAD then attaches the
image at a scale that brings the geometry in the image into alignment with the
geometry in the drawing.
If no resolution information is defined with the attached image file, AutoCAD
calculates the images original width to be one unit. After attaching, the image
width in AutoCAD units is equal to the scale factor.
To attach and scale an image
1 From the Insert menu, choose Raster Image.
2 In the Select Image File dialog box, select a file name from the list or enter
the name of the image file in the File Name box. Then choose Open.
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3 In the Image dialog box, use one of the following methods to specify
insertion point, scale, or rotation:
Choose Specify On-Screen to use the pointing device to insert the image
at the location, scale, or angle you want.
Clear Specify On-Screen and enter values under Insertion Point, Scale, or
rotation.
To view the unit of measurement for the image, choose Details.
4 Choose OK.
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You can save tiled TIFF images with most image scanning tools. The image
tiles should be no smaller than 64 64 pixels and no larger than 512 512
pixels. Additional file readers that support other tiled formats, such as CALS
Type II, are available from third-party developers.
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Detaching Images
You can detach images that are no longer needed in a drawing. When you
detach an image, all instances of the image are removed from the drawing,
the image definition is purged, and the link to the image is removed. The
image file itself is not affected.
To detach an image
1 From the Insert menu, choose Image Manager.
2 In the Image dialog box, select the image name.
3 Choose Detach.
The image is no longer linked to the drawing file, and all instances of the
image are removed from the drawing.
Command line IMAGE
Shortcut menu Select an image, right-click in the drawing area, and choose
Image Image Manager.
Highlighting Images
You can turn on or off the highlighting that identifies the selection of a raster
image or the image frame by selecting Highlight Raster Image Frame Only on
the Display tab in the Options dialog box. You can also set the IMAGEHLT
system variable directly. By default, IMAGEHLT is set to 0, to highlight only
the raster image frame. Turning off highlighting of the entire image improves
performance.
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PROPERTIES
For more information about using the Properties window, see PROPERTIES in
the Command Reference.
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Clipping Images
You can increase redrawing speed by clipping the image so that only the parts
of the image that you want visible are displayed. You can define the part of
an image that you want to display and plot by clipping the image. The clipping boundary can be a rectangle or a two-dimensional (2D) polygon with
vertices within the boundaries of the image. Each instance of an image can
only have one clipped boundary. Multiple instances of the same image can
have different boundaries.
NOTE Before you can clip an image, the image boundary must be visible. See
Showing and Hiding Image Boundaries on page 744.
To clip an image
1 From the Modify menu, choose Clip Image.
2 Select the image to clip by selecting the image boundary.
3 Enter n (New Boundary).
4 Enter p (Polygonal) or r (Rectangular), and then draw the boundary on the
image.
If you are drawing a polygonal boundary, you are prompted to specify consecutive vertices. To finish drawing a polygon, press ENTER or right-click
anywhere in the drawing area.
Command line IMAGECLIP
Shortcut menu Select an image, right-click in the drawing area and choose
Image Clip.
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In either view, you can display information about an image; attach or detach the
image; unload or reload the image; and browse for and save a new search path.
If AutoCAD cannot find an image, its status is listed as Not Found. A Not
Found image is displayed as an image boundary in the drawing even if the
IMAGEFRAME command is set to off (see Showing and Hiding Image Boundaries on page 744). If the image is unreferenced, no instances are attached
for the image. If the image is not loaded, its status is Unloaded. Images with
a status of Unloaded or Not Found are not displayed in the drawing.
To display a list of the images attached to the drawing
1 From the Insert menu, choose Image Manager.
2 In the Image Manager, choose the List View button.
Command line IMAGE
Shortcut menu Select an image, right-click in the drawing area, and choose
Image Image Manager.
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Image name
Saved path
Active path (where the image is found)
File creation date
File size
File type
Color
Color depth
Image size (pixel width and height, resolution and default size)
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You can remove the path from the file name or specify a relative path by directly editing the path in the Image Found At box and then choosing Save
Path. It may be different from the current Found At path.
For more information about using project files and alternate search paths, see
Creating and Modifying Project Names on page 476 and Changing Xref
Paths on page 475. Also see PROJECTNAME in the Command Reference.
Changing the path in the Image Manager does not affect the Project Files
Search Path settings.
To change the image path
1 From the Insert menu, choose Image Manager.
2 In the Image Manager, select an image whose path you want to change. Then
choose Browse.
3 In the Select Image File dialog box, select a new path, and then choose Open.
4 In the Image Manager, choose Save Path to save the new path.
The new path is displayed in the Saved Path column.
5 Choose OK.
Command line IMAGE
Shortcut menu Select an image, right-click in the drawing area, and choose
Image Image Manager.
Naming Images
Image names are not necessarily the same as image file names. When you
attach an image to a drawing, AutoCAD uses the file name without the file
extension as the image name. Image names are stored in a symbol table;
thus you can change the image name without affecting the name of the file.
AutoCAD accepts up to 255 characters for image file names. In addition to
letters and numbers, names can have spaces and any special characters not
used by Microsoft Windows or AutoCAD for other purposes. See Working with Named Objects on page 157.
If you attach and place images with the same name but from two different
directories, AutoCAD appends numbers to the image names.
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NOTE You can also change the image name by pressing F2 after the current
image name is selected and then editing the name.
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You can also modify the quality and speed of the image display, which improves performance (see Changing Quality and Speed of Image Display on
page 734).
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NOTE When an image frame is turned off, you cannot select images using the
Pick or Window options of SELECT.
Moving Images
You can move images with grips. To move the image to a precise location, use
the Properties window. For information about using grips, see Editing with
Grips on page 246.
To move an image
1 From the Modify menu, choose Properties.
2 Select the image to move.
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3 In the Properties window, to move the image to a precise location, enter coordinate values for X, Y, or Z.
4 Press ENTER .
The image moves to the new location. See Using the Properties Window on
page 260.
Command line PROPERTIES
Shortcut menu Select an image, right-click in the drawing area, and choose
Properties.
NOTE Bitonal images and their boundaries are always the same color.
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3 In the Image Adjust dialog box, to adjust brightness, contrast, and fade, use
the appropriate slider or enter a value.
The default value for both brightness and contrast is 50. You can adjust to a
maximum brightness of 100 or to a minimum of 0. The default fade value is
0. You can adjust to a maximum fade of 100.
4 Choose OK.
Command line IMAGEADJUST
Shortcut menu Select an image, right-click in the drawing area, and choose
Image Adjust.
Related
PROPERTIES.
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