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Problem 9
A continuous flow stirred reactor operates off the decomposition of gaseous ethylene oxide fuel.
If the fuel injection temperature is 300 K, the volume of the reactor 1500 cm3, and the operating
pressure is 20 atm, calculate the maximum rate of heat evolution possible in the reactor. Assume
that the ethylene oxide follows homogeneous first-order reaction kinetics and that values of the
reaction rate constant k are
dF
dt
FAe E RTR
F U\
dF
dt
U\AeE RTR
m 1 \ V
dF
dt
VU\Ae E RTR
PM
RTR
Using the above relationship and the relationships for \ and (l - 4) given in the text the
following equation can be written.
T To
m R
Tf To
PM
RTR
Tf TR
Tf To
E RTR
Ae
m
Solving this equation for
gives
VP
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1/25/2011 9:30 AM
M Tf TR
RTR TR To
VP
E RTR
Ae
The maximum rate of heat evolution occurs at the temperature where this quantity is maximized.
The temperature is found by taking the derivative of the above equation with respect to TR and
setting it equal to 0.
m
d
VP
dTR
d
dTR
Ae E RTR 0
RTR
d
dTR
RTR
TF TR E RTR
0
Ae
TR TU
1 Tf TR E RTR 1
1
1 Tf TR E RTR
e
e E RTR
e
2
TR TR To
TR TR To
TR TR To 2
1 Tf TR E E RTR
e
TR TR To RTR2
Multiply through by TR
E
R
TR To
Tf To
1
1
1
E
TR Tf TR TR To RTR2
TR
TR2
TR2
Tf TR TR To
From the plot of kinetic data the value of E/R can be found to be approximately 21000. An
iterative process must then be followed to find the value of TR that will satisfy the above
equation. A value of 1120 K will be tried first to start the process.
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1/25/2011 9:30 AM
1220
1220
1220
1220
? 21000
1 \
TR To
Tf To
920
1000
0.92
A mass balance on the decomposition reaction gives the following reaction C2H4O o 0.08
C2H4O + 0.92 CH4 + 0.92 CO
M
m
VP
23, R
82.06
cm3atm
g mol K
23 80
21000
10
3.66 u 10 exp
82 u1220 920
1220
0.0245
VP
m = 0.0245 u 1500 u 20 = 735 g/cm3
From the decomposition reaction the heat release per unit mass can be found as
C2H4O o CH4 + CO
51.1 o 74.9 110.5
'H
1
44
3.05 kJ g
1/25/2011 9:30 AM
'H m 1 \ 3.05
kJ
g
kJ
u 735 u 0.92 2062
g
s
s
q = 2062 kW
14