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United trircraft of Canada Limited

PT6A-27 DESCRIPTIVE NOTES
P/N 3013240

OIL RETURNFR[)M FUTTHEATER

A N DO I I "C O O L E R
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CHECV
K A L V EH ( ) U S I N G

P B E S S UtB) IEL

DRAINPLUGt)RIFICE

9B

F i g u re 2- 2 Compr essor Inlet Case

Interstage spacers located between the disks. The airfoil cross section
of the Lst stage wide chord compressor blades differs from those in the
2nd and 3rd stages which are identical. The length of the blades differs
in each stage, decreasing from the lst to the 3rd stage. The wide chord
1 s t sta g e co mp re sso r b l ades pr ovide incr eased im pact r esistance.
6
The 1st and 2nd stage stator assemblies each contain44vanesand
the 3rd stage contains 40 vanes. These are manufactured from stainless steel strip stock, the same strip stock being used for each stage.
Each set of stator vanes is held in position by a circular ring, with the
vane outer ends protruding through and brazed to the ri.ng. Shrouds for
the lst, 2nd and 3rd stage compressor blades are provided by the lst,
2nd and 3rd stage vane rings respectively. The 2nd stage vane ring is
supported inside the Lst and 3rd stage stator housings which arebolted
together. The 3rd stage stator assembly is secured to the impeller
housingJby three bolts and embodies a locating pin which fits i.nto a slot
in the 2nd stage to prevent rotation of the assembly.
7
The compressor front hub, the centrifugal impeller and the impeller housing are positioned in that order followed alternately by an interstage spacer, a stator assembly and a compressor rotor disk. The
rotating assembly is stacked and secured together by six numbered tierods. The impeller housing is in turn secured in the gas generator case
by a wedge-shapedretainj,ngring. The compressor front stubshaft
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United Flircraft of Canada Limited

PT6 A-27 DESCRIPTIVE NOTES
P/N 3013240

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consists of a hollow steel forging machined to accommodate the number 2 bearing labyrinth seal and the number 2 bearing assembly. (See
Figure 2-3.t The number 2 bearing, which is a roller type, supports the
front of the compressor and the attached turbine in the gas generator
c a se .
The compressor rear hub is an integral part of the lst stage com8
pressor rotor AisX. It consists of a steel forging machined with an exiended hollow shaft to accommodate the number 1 bearing labyrinth seal
rotor, Spacer and the number l bearing. The number l bearing which
supportJthe rear of the compressor assembly in the inlet case is aballtyie nearing (see Figure 24). A short hollow steel coupling, internally
sptinea at each end, extends the compressor drive to the accessory
input gearshaft. The coupling embodies a ball-lock at the front end to
prevent end thrust on the input gearshaft roller beari.ngs.
g
The complete compressor and stator assembly is fitted into the
center rear portion of the gas generator case which forms the compressor housing. The assembly is secured in this posj.tionby the impeller
housing at the front and the compressor inlet case at the rear.
GAS GENERATOR CASE
10
The gas generator case is attached to the front flange of the compressor inlet case. It consists of two stainless steel sections fabricated
into a single structure. The rear inner section provides a housing support for the compressor assembly. The compressor bleed valve outlet
port is located rt ttr" ? o'clock position and cabin bleed air is ducted
from this area to a pad at the 1o'clock position forward of the inlet
screen. The number 2 bearing with two labyrinth seals is located in
the centerbore of the case. The bearing has a flanged outer race which
is secured in the support housing by four bolts. Eight bolts secure the
front labyrinth seal stator and gasket to the centerbore of the case.The
rear labyrinth stator seal is secured in the case by a retaining ring'
The 21 diffuser pipes brazed inside the center section of the gas generator case provide-a pressrrre increase to the compressed air as it
leaves the centrifugil impeller. The compressed air is then directed
through 42 sftalghtening vanes, Iocated at the outlet of the diffuser
pipes, and in to the combustion chamber and liner'
The front section of the gas generator case and the rear section
11
of the exhaust duct f orm the combustion chamber. The combustion
a
chamber liner, Iocated inside the combustion chamber, consists of
for the
circular stainless steel structure provided with mounting bosses
14 fuel nozzle assemblies and the dual manifold. Mounting bosses are
also provided at the 6 o'clock position for front and rear drain valves.
These allow residual fuel to drain overboard during engine shutdown.

2-4

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United Flircraft of Canada Limited

PT6 A-27 DESCRIPTIVE NOTES
P/N 3013240

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2ndSTAGE
3rd STAGE
(LONG
S)P A C E R S T A T O A
RN D

2 n d A N D3 r d S T A G E
C ( ] M P R E S SD
OIRS K S

SHROUD

TIE-R()O

F R ( ) NS
TTUB
SH A F T

N0. 1
BE A RNI G

N 0 .2
BEARING

C ( ) M P R E S SR
( )ERA RH U B

CENTRIFUGAT
IMP E L L E R

lst STAGE
W I D EC H O R D
C O M P R E S SB
OLRA D E S

I M PELLER
HOUSING

2nd STAGE

3 r dS T A G E
AND
STATOR
SHR()UD

lst STAGE
S T A T OA
RN D

(SH0RT
S )P A c E\R S H n O u 0

C ( ] M P R E S S O Rlst STAGE
BLEED
V A L V E ( S H O RSTP) A C E R

C (M
] PRESS()R
I N L E TC A S E

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8268

Figure 2-3 Compressor Assembly

2-5

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PT6A-27
DESCRIPTIVE NOTES
P/N 3013240

Two glow plugs are provided

at the 4 o,clock and g o,clock positions.
The prugs protrude into the combustio.r
air mixture' The engine is
r1"" to ignite the fuer/
"t "*nu"
mounted on th"ee
it"*ibre
type mounts which
are secured to three equi-spac{
mounting puo" located on the
outer
circumference of the gi" g"^""rator
case.
COMBUSTION CHAMBER LINER
L2
The combustion chamber,
(see Figure 2-4) is of the
reverse_
flow type and consists prim""irv Jingr
of an
open at one end. A series of stiaight, "nn.rli"'heat-resistant steer liner
prung"a
shielded perforations,
allow air to enter the liner in
a manner des=igned
"y to provideitre
nesttuet/
air ratios for starting and sustained
comb*;;".
Direction of air flowis
controtlea uv
of,posite certain series of
ltn*?.specially lo;t;
perforations' ".ofltlq
The perfo"itiorrs
ensure an even temperature distribution
at the compressor turbine inlet.
The domea iront end of the combustion
chamber riner is supported inside.
*re gas g"""".tor case by ? of
the 14
fuel nozzle sheathr.--tt,"
or tne iiiu" i""rirpqo"ted by sriding joints
which fit into the inner and
""r"outer exit
duct assembries.
13
The duct assemblies form an enverope
which effectivery changes
the direction of the,gas.frow by-providing
in
ouilet in crose proximity
to the compresso.r turbine guiie
vanes. ttr" outer exit duct and heat
shield assembry is attach"i to the gas
generator case by seven equispaced support brackets located i1-t!e "g""
g""L"ator case. The heat
shield forms a passage through which
;-p;;;;or
discharge air is
routed for cooring purposes. A
scallopeo irang.eon the rear of theouter
FUELN()ZZTE
P()RT

W I T HS U P P O RBTR A C K E( 7
T)

GLOWPtU6 STEEVE
{2}

FUEtN()ZZTE
P 0 R TP L A T(N7 )

Figure 2-4 Combustion Chamber Liner

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PT6 A-27 DESCRI PTTVE NOTES
P/N 3013240

exit duct locks in the support brackets and secures the assembly.
The
center section of the assembly is botted with the compressor turbine
guide vane support to the centerbore of the gas generator
case (see
Figure 2-5).
COMPRESSORTURBINE GUIDE VANE RING
L4
The compressor turbine guide vane ring consists of 2g integrally
cast steel vanes located between the combustion chamber exit ducts and
the compressor turbine. The vanes ensure that the expanding gases
are
directed to the compressor turbine blades at the proper angle to drive
the compressor.
Thu vane ring is cast with an extended platform by
which it is secured to the centerbore of the gas generator case with
16 bolts. The outer platform of the vane rin[ tits into both the shroud
housing and the inner exit duct which a"e sec.trredby 12 bolts. The
shroud housing extends forward to form a runner for two classified
interstage sealing rings. These provide a mechanical point of separation
and power seal for the engine. Sixteen compressor turbine shroud segments positioned in the shroud housing act as a seal and provide runnilng
clearance for the compressor turbine assembly (see Figure 2-s),
COMPRESSORTURBINE
The compressor turbine consists of a two-plane balanced turbine
15
disk, blades and classified weights. The turbine drives the compressor
in a counterclockwise direction. The turbine assembly is splined to the
compressor front stubshaft and secured by a threaded centerlocking
turbine bolt and cupwasher. A master spline is provided to ensure the
disk assembly is always installed to a predetermined position to retain
original balance. The disk embodies a reference circumferentialgroove
to enable checking disk growth when required. The 58 blades in the compressor turbine disk are secured in firtree serrations, machined in the
outer circumference of the disk, and held in position by individual tubular rivets. The blades are made of cast steel alloy and include squealer
tips. This type of blade tip ensures a minimum amount of rub, should
the rotating blades come in contact with the shroud segments. A spot
face is machined on each blade to permit checking blade stretch. The
required number of classified weights are determined during balancing
procedures and riveted to the relevant flanges machined on the turbine
disk. A small rotor machined on the rear face of the disk, provides
a sealing surface to control the flow of turbine disk cooling air (see
Figure 2-5).
INTERSTAGE BAFFLE
16
The compressor turbine is separated from the power turbine by
means of an interstage baffle (see Figure 2-b), which is secured to and
supported by the power turbine vane ring. The interstage baffleprevents

2-7

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United Aircraft of Canada Limitecl

PT6 A-27 DESCRIPTIVE NOTES

P/N 3013240

FUEL
NOZZLE
ASSY

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COMBUSTION
CHAMBER
L I N E RA S S Y

GAS GENERATOR
CASEASSY

UOMBUSTION
CHAMBER

INNER
EXIT DUCT
ASSY
EXHAUST
DUCTASSY

COMBUSTION
CHAMBER
OUTER
E X I TD U C T
ASSY

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P O W E RT U R B I N E

COMPRESSOR
TURBINE

COMPRESSOR
TURBINE
GUIDEVANE

INTERSTAGE
BAFFLEASSY

427A

Figure 2-5 Combustion Chamber and Exit Duct

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PT6 A-27 DESCRI PTTVE NOTES
P/N 3013240

dissipation of turbine gases and consequenttransmission

of heat to both
turbine disk faces. The center section of thebaffle
includes small circular lipped flanges on the front and rear faces.
Theseflanges fit overmating rotor seals machined on the respectiveturbinediskfa"cesio
provioe
control of cooling airflow throughan orifice inthe
center of thebaffle.
POWER TURBINE GUIDE VANE RING
l7
The power turbine guide vane ring is comprised
of 1g integrarly
c a stste e l va n e s w h i ch d i r ect theflow of
[ases atihe m ostefficient angl e
to drive the power turbine. The statorhousing with
the enclosedvane
assembly is bolted to the exhaustduct and supiorts
the two inter-stage
sealing rings at flange D. The rings are selilcenteringandheld
inposition by the five mounting lugs of the inter-turbine
temperatureharness.
This is bolted to the rear face of the stator housing (see
Figure 2_b).
POWER TURBINE
18
The power turbine disk assembly, comprised of a turbine
disk,
blades and classifled weights, drives itre reauction gearing
through
the
power turbine shaft in a clockwise direction.
The disk is held to close
tolerances and embodies a reference circumferential groove
to permit
taking disk growth measurements when required. The
turbine disk is
splined to the turbine shaft and secured by a single, threaded,
centerlocking bolt and cupwasher (see Figure z:s).A master
splineensures
that the turbine.disk assembly is instal,Ied in a predeterniined
position
to retain the original barance. The required number of
crassiiied
weights are determined during balancing procedures and riveted
to a
special flange located on the rear of the turbine disk. Thepowerturbine
blades differ from those of the compressor turbine in thafthey
are cast
with notched and shrouded tips. The 4lbladesarelocated in
firtree serrations in the turbine disk and secured by individual tubular
rivets.The
blade tips rotate inside a double knife-edge shroud and form
a continuous seal when the engine is running. ThiJ reduces tip leakage and
increases turbine efficiency.
POWER TURBINE SUPPORT HOUSING
19
The power turbine support housing consists of a fabricated steel
cylindrical housing attached to the reduction gearbox rear case by
twelve studs. The housing provides support for the power turbine shaft
assembly and two bearings (see Figure 2-6). A tanyrinttr seal, secured
at the rear of the housing by a retaining ring prevents oil leakage into
the power turbine section. An internatoit trinlter tube, fitted *ithfou"
oilnozzles, provides front and rear lubrication to numbers B and 4bearings. A scavengetube secured inside the housing at the 6 o'clock posi.tion, transfers bearing scavengeoil to the front or tne engine.

2-9

United trircralt of Canada Limited

PT6A'27

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DESCRIPTIVE NOTES
P/N 3013240

REDUCTION GEARBOX
20
The reduction gearbox (see Figure 2-7) is located at the front of
the engine and consists of two magnesium alloy castings bolted to the
front flange of the exhaust duct. The lst stage of reduction is contained
in the rear case. Torque from the power turbine is transmittedthrough
the power turbine shaft to the lst stage sun gear.
2L
The sun gear consists of a short hollow steel shaft which has an
integral spur gear at the front end and externally splined at the rear.
The external splines fit over the end of the turbine shaft and engage the
internal splines of a retainer coupling. The coupling is in turn splined
to the turbine shaft and secured there by a retaining nut and cupwasher.
Two snap rings secure the sun gear in the retainer coupling. The spur
gear end of the sun gear drives the three planet gears in the lst stage
planet carrier.
22
The lst stage ring gear is located in helical splines provided in
the lst stage reduction gearbox rear case. The torque developedby the
power turbine is transmitted through the sun gear and planet gears to
the ring gear which is opposedby the helical splines. This results in
rotation of the planet carrier. The ring gear, though secured by the
helical splines, is allowed to move axially between the case and three
retaining plates. This movement is used in the torquemeter application
(refer to Paragraph 25, following).
23
The 2nd stage of reduction is contained in the reduction gearbox
front case. The 1st stage planet carrier is attached to the 2nd stage
sun gear by a flexible coupling which also serves to dampen any vibrations between the two rotating masses. The 2nd stage sun gear drives
five planet gears in the 2nd stage carrier. A 2nd stage ring gear is
fixed by splines to the reduction gearbox front case and secured by three
bolted retaining plates. The 2nd stage carrier is in turn splined to the
propeller shaft and secured by a retaining nut and shroud washer. A
flanged roller bearing assembly, secured by four bolts to the case, provides support for the 2nd stage carrier and propeller shaft. An oiltransfer tube and nozzle assembly, fitted with preformed packings is secured
within the propeller shaft by a retaining ring to provide lubrication to
number 4 bearlng.
24
The accessories located on the reduction gearbox front case are
driven by a bevel drive gear mounted on the propeller shaft behind the
thrust bearing assembly (see Figure 2-7). Propeller thrust loads are
absorbed by a flanged ball bearing located in the front face of the reduction gearbox centerbore. The bevel drive gear, adjusting spacer,
thrust bearing and seal runner are stacked and secured to thepropeller

2-t0