2009 IEEE Symposium on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ISIEA 2009), October 4-6, 2009, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

A New Single Switch Buck-Boost Type DC-DC

Converter
M.Delshad
Electrical & Computer Engineering Department
Isfahan University of Technology

H.Farzanehfard
Electrical & Computer Engineering Department
Isfahan University of Technology

Isfahan, Iran

Isfahan, Iran

delshad@ec.iut.ac.ir

hosein@cc.iut.ac.ir

Abstract- In this paper a new single switch Buck-Boost

type dc-dc converter is introduced. This converter consists
of flyback and forward transformers and only one switch in
primary side and one diode in secondary side of
transformers. Also this converter operates in both buck and
boost modes. In this converter energy transfers to the
output in both on and off switch states and controlled by
PWM signal. Therefore implementation of control circuits is
easy and cheap. Since this converter operates over a wide
input voltage range, this converter can be employed as a
power factor correction. Theoretical analysis is presented
and computer simulation results verify the converter
analysis.

presented in section V.
II.

A. Circuit description
The proposed converter is shown in Fig. 2. S is the
main switch and Co is the output capacitor. RO is the load
resistance and Cb is balancing capacitor. T1 and T2 are the
flyback and forward transformers respectively. Also D is
the only output diode. V1 is voltage across magnetizing
inductor of fly-back transformer (Lm1) and V2 is voltage
across magnetizing inductor of forward transformer
(Lm2).

KeywordsBuck-Boost, dc-dc converter, single switch

I.

THE PROPOSED CONVERTER

Flyback
Inductor

INTRODUCTION

The flyback current fed push pull dc-dc converter has

several advantages over the conventional voltage or
current fed push pull converters [1]-[2]. It has one single
input and no output inductor which makes it a good
choice for a multiple output power supply. Furthermore it
has inherent protection against transformer saturation.
But this converter not suitable for low power applications
because two switches have been used in this converter
that it increases the switching losses and decrease the
efficiency. In [3] a single-switch flyback current-fed
converter is proposed which is shown in Fig. 1. This
converter has only one power switch and three rectifying
diode in power stage. This converter operates at constant
frequency in a pulse-width-modulation (PWM) scheme
and can be employed as a power factor correction. But
this converter has three diodes in power stage which can
increase converter conduction loss and decrease
converter reliability.
In this paper a new single switch converter is
presented. This converter has all advantages of previous
converter and in comparison with [3] have only one diode
in power stage. Therefore efficiency and reliability of
proposed converter is improved.
The circuit configuration of the proposed converter is
illustrated in section II. In section III, operation principle
is introduced. The steady state analysis is presented in
section IV and the simulation and experimental results
obtained from a prototype of proposed converter are

978-1-4244-4683-4/09/$25.00 2009 IEEE

D1

1:n
Cb

D3

Vin
D2

Co

Ro

1:m
S

Fig. 1- The schematic of single-switch flyback-current-fed converter [3]

Fig. 2- The schematic of proposed converter

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2009 IEEE Symposium on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ISIEA 2009), October 4-6, 2009, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

III.

OPERATION PRINCIPLE

In order to simplify the steady state analysis the

following assumptions are made.
All parasitic components are neglected.

The output capacitor is large enough, so that the

output voltage VO can be considered constant in a
switching cycle.
The proposed circuit has two distinct operating intervals
in one switching cycle. The main waveforms of the
proposed converter are given in Fig. 3 and equivalent
circuits for each operating mode of proposed converter is
shown in Fig. 4.

VGS
DT
IS

IL

A. Converter Operation
Mode 1(t0-t1): In this mode switch S turns on and D is
turned off. In this mode both transformers transfer energy
to the output and switch current increase linearly with
small slope.
m( I Lm1 I1 ) = n( I Lm 2 I1 )
(1)
Where I1 is input current and ILm1 and ILm2 are
magnetizing current of flyback and forward transformer
respectively and n is turn ratio of flyback transformer and
m is turn ratio of forward transformer.
Mode 2(t1-t2): This mode begins when S turns off. In
this mode D is on and VCb/n across the Lm2. In this mode
only fly-back transformer transfers energy to the output.
m.( I Lm1 I1 ) D + (1 D).mI Lm1 = I 0
(2)

T
ID

Mode I

Fig. 3. The main waveforms of the proposed converter

n.( I Lm 2 I1 ) D = (1 D).nI Lm 2
I
I Lm1 = DI1 + O
m
D
I Lm 2 =
I1
2D 1
IO
I1 =
n
(1 D ).(
+ m)
(2 D 1)

IV.

Mode II

Flyback
Inductor

(3)
Lm1

(4)

Cb

Lm2

Co

Ro

1:n

(5)

Vin

ANALYSIS OF THE PROPOSED CONVERTER

(a)

In this converter, ILm1 always bigger than ILm2

therefore flyback transformer always transfers energy to
the output.

Flyback
Inductor

A Voltage Conversion Ratio

Writing the volt_second balance for forward
transformer T2 (6) is obtained and from this relation VCb
can be calculated as (7).
V
(6)
DV2 = (1 D). cb
n
nDV2
Vcb =
(7)
1 D
Writing the volt_second balance for flyback
transformer T1 (8) is obtained and from this relation V1
can be calculated as (9).
V
(8)
DV1 = (1 D ) O
m
(1 D ) VO
V1 =
.
(9)
D
m

Lm1

Cb

Lm2

Co

1:n
Vin

S
(b)

Fig. 4. Equivalent circuit for each operating mode of proposed

converter(a) t0-t1 (b)t1-t2

Also, the following equations are achieved:

V1 + V2 = Vin
(10)
VO + mV1 Vcb = nV2
(11)

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RO

2009 IEEE Symposium on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ISIEA 2009), October 4-6, 2009, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

source current of switch in boost mode is shown in Fig. 8

and Fig. 9 shows the measured voltage and current of
switch in boost mode. In this converter, the leakage
inductance energy is absorbed by switch output
capacitance. It can be observed that the leakage
inductance applies high voltage stress to the switch.
Therefore in this converter a clamp circuit (active clamp
or passive clamp) is necessary to reduce voltage stress of
the switch [4]-[6].

VO .(1 D )
(12)
nD
By using above equations the voltage conversion ratio is
obtained as following:
V
mnD
(13)
M= O =
Vin (1 D).(m + n)
V2 =

B Calculating the blocking capacitor

The general relation for the blocking capacitor is
provided by (14). By substituting VCb = 0.1VCb and
using (7) and (12), (15) is obtained.
t.I D .T .I O
Cb =
=
(14)
V
VCb
10m.D.I O
Cb =
n.VO
C

TABLE I
POWER STAGE COMPONENTS
COMPONENTS
PART NAME/ VALUE
S
IRF740
D1
MUR460

Input voltage

220uF
60V

Output

110V

voltage(boost)

The current ripple on the magnetizing inductor is

obtained by (16). Thus, by rearranging (16), the
magnetizing inductor can be calculated by (17).
t.V1 DT .V1
I Lm1 =
=
(16)
Lm1
Lm1
(1 D)VO
m. f .I Lm1

1mH

Co

(15)

Calculating the magnetizing inductors

Lm1 =

Lm

Output

40V

voltage(buck)
frequency

(17)

20KHz

200V

100V

Following a similar procedure, the below relations are

obtained for Lm2.
t.V2 DT .V2
I Lm 2 =
=
(18)
Lm 2
Lm 2
Lm 2

(1 D)VO
=
n. f .I Lm 2

0V
V(M4:d,0)
10

0
SEL>>
-9
11.33ms
ID(M4)

(19)

11.34ms

11.35ms

11.36ms

Time

Fig. 5. Drain source voltage (up) and current (bottom) of main switch
S in boost mode

Stress of switching devices

The maximum voltage stress across the main switches

and diodes can be obtained from (20) to (21).
V
V SW = Vin + Vcb + O
(20)
n
V
V D (max) = Vcb + V 2 = O
(21)
D min
V.

2
7.5A

5.0A

2.5A

0A
11.1333ms
-I(L2)

SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

11.1600ms

11.2000ms

11.2400ms

Time

Fig. 6. Output current in boost mode

The simulation and experimental results are presented

in this section to verify the integrity of the proposed
converter. The component list for practical
implementation is shown in Table I. Fig. 5 shows the
drain-source voltage and current waveform of switch in
boost mode. Fig. 6 shows the output current in boost
mode. Fig. 7 shows the drain-source voltage and current
waveform of switch in buck mode. The measured drain-

825

11.2667ms

2009 IEEE Symposium on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ISIEA 2009), October 4-6, 2009, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

VI.

100V

In this paper a new single switch buck-boost type dc-dc

converter is presented. This converter has only one
switch in primary side and one diode in secondary side of
transformers. Also this converter operates in both buck
and boost modes. Therefore, this converter operates over
a wide input voltage range and it can be employed as a
power factor correction. In this converter energy transfer
to the output in both on and off switch states and
controlled by PWM signal. Therefore implementation of
control circuits is easy and cheap. The computer
simulation results verify the converter analysis.

0V
SEL>>
V(M4:d,0)

1.0A

0A

10.9569ms
ID(M4)

11.0000ms

11.0500ms

CONCLUSION

11.0905ms

Time

Fig. 7. Drain source voltage (up) and current (bottom) of main switch
S in buck mode

REFERENCES
[1] D.A.; Ruiz-Caballero, I Barbi., A new flyback-current-fed pushpull DC-DC converter functions IEEE Transactions on Power
Electronics, Vol 20, November. 2005,pp.1271 1279 Volume 14,
Issue 6, Nov 1999 pp.1056 1064.
[2] G.V., Torrico Bascope, I. Barbi Isolated flyback-current-fed
push-pull converter for power factor correction. Power
Electronics Specialists Conference, 1996. PESC , Vol 2, Jun
1996,pp.1184 1190.
[3] P.M.; Barbosa, I. Barbi, A single-switch flyback-current-fed DCDC converter IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol 13,
no. 3, May 1998 pp.466 475.
[4] N.P; Papanikolaou, E.C, Tatakis,."Active voltage clamp in flyback
converters operating in CCM mode under wide load variation,"
IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 51, no. 3, , March.
2004, pp. 632- 640.
[5] T.F Wu, Y.S Lai, J.C Hung, Y.M. Chen, Boost Converter With
Coupled Inductors and BuckBoost Type of Active Clamp, IEEE
Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol 55, January. 2008,
pp.154-162.
[6] T.-F; Wu, Y.-S; Lai, J.-C; Y.-M; HungChen, An improved boost
converter with coupled inductors and buck-boost type of active
clamp Industry Applications Conference, 2005. Fourteenth IAS
Annual Meeting. Conference, Vol 1, 2-6 Oct. 2005 pp.639 644.

Fig. 8- Drain source voltage current of main switch S in boost

mode(time div:5us, Amp div: 1A)

Fig. 9- Drain source voltage (up) and current (bottom) of main switch
S in boost mode(time div:30us, Volt or amp div:200V or 2A)

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