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Definitions
Factory Act 1948 defines the following terms.
Sec 2(k) Manufacturing Process
Any process for making, altering, repairing, ornamenting, finishing, packing, breaking up, demolishing, or otherwise treating any
article for use, sale, transport, delivery, or disposal.
Pumping oil, water, sewage or any other substance.
Building, breaking ships or vessels.
Producing, transforming, transmitting power.
Printing
Preserving or storing any thing in cold storage
State of Bombay vs Ali Saheb Kashim Tamboli 1955 SC - Bidi making is a Manufacturing Process.
Ardeshir vs State of Bombay AIR 1962 SC - Salt making is a Manufacturing Process.
Any person employed directly or indirectly, for or without remuneration, with or without knowledge of the principle employer, working
in a manufacturing process, or cleaning any part of machinery or premises of a manufacturing process, or any other kind of work
incidental to or connected with the main manufacturing process or with the subject of manufacturing process.
Includes exclusive electrical worker which otherwise falls under worker.
State of Bombay vs Tamboli AIR 1955 Bom - Wages not necessary for being a worker.
Shankar Balaji vs State of Mah AIR 1962 SC - not a worker because - no agreement of contract, no fixed time for work, work from
home any time, leave any time. Only adherence to bidi specs is no issue.
output, intermediary product, by product, waste, or effluent can cause material impairment to the health of a person working in the process
directly or indirectly or causes environmental pollution.
Provisions for Health
The following sections deal with the health provisions for factory workers.
Sec. 11 Cleanliness