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Shantnu Tyagi-BM-013073
Akshi Singhal-BM-013007
Parul Rathore-BM-013049
DECLARATION
We all PGDM students of Institute of Management Studies, Ghaziabad
declare that the project entitled Building market competitive
Place: Ghaziabad
Shantnu Tyagi-BM-013073
Akshi Singhal-BM-013007
Parul Rathore-BM-013049
Signature:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to thank my faculty guide Dr.Anita Singh, for guiding and
supporting me during this project and providing me an opportunity to
learn outside the class room. His encouragement, time and effort are
greatly appreciated.
A particular word of thanks to my friends who provided insight on the
project and valuable inputs in the final report.
I would like to thank my Director Dr. Urvashi Makkar. For her
continuous guidance I am able to successfully complete the project.
I would like to dedicate this project to my parents. I received constant
support from my parents to accomplish the project work.
Introduction
Children are the greatest gift to humanity and Childhood is an
important and impressionable stage of human development as it holds
the potential to the future development of any society. Children who
are brought up in an environment, which is conducive to their
intellectual, physical and social health, grow up to be responsible and
productive members of society. Every nation links its future with the
present status of its children. By performing work when they are too
young for the task, children unduly reduce their present welfare or
their future income earning capabilities, either by shrinking their future
external choice sets or by reducing their own future individual
productive capabilities. Under extreme economic distress, children are
forced to forego educational opportunities and take up jobs which are
mostly exploitative as they are usually underpaid and engaged in
hazardous conditions. Parents decide to send their child for engaging in
a job as a desperate measure due to poor economic conditions. It is,
therefore, no wonder that the poor households predominantly send
their children to work in early ages of their life. One of the
disconcerting aspects of child labour is that children are sent to work at
the expense of education. There is a strong effect of child labour on
school attendance rates and the length of a childs work day is
negatively associated with his or her capacity to attend school. Child
labour restricts the right of children to access and benefit from
education and denies the fundamental opportunity to attend school.
Child labour, thus, prejudices childrens education and adversely
affects their health and safety.
Article
21A
Title
Right to Education
24
Prohibition of Employment of
Childrens in Factories
39
Description
The State shall provide free
and compulsory education to
all children of the age of 6 to
14 years in such manner as
the State, by law, may
determine.
No child below the age
fourteen years shall be
employed in work in any
factory or mine or engaged in
any other hazardous
employment.
That the health and strength
of workers, men and women,
and the tender age of children
are not abused and that
citizens are not forced by
economic necessity to enter
avocations unsuited to their
age or strength5
Year
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012**
No. of
Inspections
363927
355629
317083
239612
84935
25040
No. of
Prosecutions
12705 12705
11318
11418
8998
4590
589
No. of
Convictions
617
763
1312
1308
774
167
deposited in the welfare fund as long as the child is actually sent to the
schools;
-hazardous
occupations so that their working hours do not exceed six hours per
day and education for at least two hours is ensured. The entire
expenditure on education is to be borne by the concerned employer.
The implementation of the direction of the Honble Supreme Court is
being monitored by the Ministry of Labour and compliance of the
directions have been reported in the form of Affidavits on 05.12.97,
21.12.1999, 04.12.2000, 04.07.2001 and 04-12-2003 to the Honble
Court on the basis of the information received from the State/UT
Governments10.
National Child Labour Policy
Constitutional and legislative provisions providing protection to
children against employment has been elaborated in the National Child
Labour Policy announced in 1987. The policy addresses the complex
issue of child labour in a comprehensive, holistic and integrated
manner. The action plan under this policy is multi-pronged and mainly
consists of:
me
b) Schemes of Ministry of Women & Child Development:
from work through their schemes of Shelter Homes, etc
into residential schools under SC/ST/OBC Schemes.
c) Schemes of Ministry of Rural Development
(MGNREGA).
Conclusion
Government has accordingly been taking proactive steps to tackle this
problem
through strict enforcement of legislative provisions along with
simultaneous rehabilitative measures. State Governments, which are
the appropriate implementing authorities, have been conducting
regular inspections and raids to detect cases of violations. Since poverty
is the root cause of this problem, and enforcement alone cannot help
solve it, Government has been laying a lot of emphasis on the
rehabilitation of these children and on improving the economic
conditions of their families
Data on Child Labour based on Employment Unemployment Survey
During NSS 66th Round Major State all India
Age Group 5-14
(2009-10)16 Sr. No.
Rural
Urban
Male
Female
Male
Female
Andhra
88156
110191
20767
15548
1.
Pradesh
Assam
144655
31909
11833
757
Bihar
224292
38665
11017
2548
Chhattisgar
h
3669
7321
636
Delhi
18576
Gujarat
150487
207973
15945
16282
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Haryana
22664
17471
28073
3988
2300
2942
2156
8.
Himachal
Pradesh
Jammu &
Kashmir
11274
16872
1139
9.
Jharkhand
63684
14661
4123
Karnataka
89796
113429
20793
2479
Kerala
1182
1583
Madhya
Pradesh
91454
32812
57688
9063
13.
66370
127996
54230
12077
14.
Maharashtr
a
Orissa
54390
38288
36522
5363
Punjab
16802
6433
15664
9937
Rajasthan
93055
261871
43184
7826
Tamil Nadu
13880
3471
Uttarakhan
d
14810
7239
3219
2103
19.
1012294
546320
147820
68899
20.
Uttar
Pradesh
West
Bengal
357265
134657
31946
27716
21.
7.
10.
11.
12.
15.
16.
17.
18.
All India
2511101
1727271
546897
198602
10) Wool-cleaning.
11) Building and construction industry including processing and
polishing of granite stones`
12) Manufacture of slate pencils (including packing).
13) Manufacture of products from agate.
14) Manufacturing processes using toxic metals and substances such as
lead, mercury, manganese, chromium, cadmium, benzene, pesticides
and asbestos.
15) `Hazardous processes` as defined in Sec. 2 (cb) and `dangerous
operation` as notice in rules made under section 87 of the Factories
Act, 1948 (63 of 1948)
16) (16) Printing as defined in Section 2(k) (iv) of the Factories Act, 1948
(63 of 1948)
17) Cashew and cashewnut descaling and processing.
18) Soldering processes in electronic industries.
19) Aggarbatti` manufacturing.
20) Automobile repairs and maintenance including processes incidental
thereto namely, welding, lathe work, dent beating and painting.
-1421) Brick kilns and Roof tiles units.
22) Cotton ginning and processing and production of hosiery goods.
23) Detergent manufacturing.
Biblography
LOK SABHA SECRETARIAT
PARLIAMENT LIBRARY AND REFERENCE, RESEARCH, DOCUMENTATION
AND INFORMATION SERVICE (LARRDIS)
MEMBERS REFERENCE SERVICE
REFERENCE NOTE .
No.10/RN/Ref./2013
For the use of Members of Parliament Not for Publication
Child Labour