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The process of Malaysia formation

Malaysia has come quite a long way. Since its independence in 1957, Malaysia has faced many

challenges on its own, many unique to the country. Malaysia or Tanah Melayu in early day was
made of multiple races naturally since Malacca was an international port. After British came, the
multiple race build up based on political action (migration due to the needed of man-power).

The building of nation of races


Due to multiple races that british brought. The idea of nation of race was irrelevant to Tanah
Malayu (Malaysia before 1963) as Tanah Melayu consist of multiple races . So,british wanted to
build this country fairly to all the races(Malay,Chinese,Indian). Therefore, Malayan Union was
introduced by British Military Administration (BMA). It was received great protest by the Malay
since they thought Tanah Melayu belong to Malay .As protest against Malayan Union, the Malay
organize first Malay congress United Malay Organization or UMO(later known as UMNO).
Then, Persekutuan Tanah Melayu replaced the MU which restore the power of the Malay king.

Perjanjian Malaysia 1963 and Agreement of 20


After Persekutuan Tanah Melayu was replaced a issue happen. The nationality becoming issue
since the non-Malay cant apply. They have no intention to return to their origin since Tanah
Melayu was part of them especially to the new generation. Therefore, social contract is formed
after a convention between the leader represent each races. The Malay agreed to gave the nonMalay nationality based on certain condition. The non-Malay agreed to gave some advantages or
specialty to Malay in social political such as education, economy and political gain. Based on
give and take principle. After all the issue, Tengku Abdul Rahman(Malaysian 1st Prime Minister)

came and wanted to build a country called Malaysia. Malaysia is the idea of Tunku Abdul
Rahman, consist of Brunei, Sabah, Sarawak, Singapore, and Tanah Melayu initially. But after
that several convention held among them, and Malaysia was formed in 16 September 1963
without Brunei. Then, Singapore independent from Malaysia in 9 August 1965. Sabah and
Sarawak join Malaysia with condition known as Agreement of 20.
Here is some of the main thing in Agreement of 20
Point 1: Religion. While there was no objection to Islam being the national religion of Malaysia
there should be no State religion in Borneo (Sarawak & Sabah), and the provisions relating to
Islam in the present Constitution of Malaya should not apply to Borneo
Point 2: Language. Malay should be the national language of the Federation. English should
continue to be used for a period of 10 years after Malaysia Day. English should be an official
language of Borneo (Sarawak & Sabah) for all purposes, State or Federal, without limitation of
time.
Point 3: Constitution. Whilst accepting that the present Constitution of the Federation of Malaya
should form the basis of the Constitution of Malaysia, the Constitution of Malaysia should be a
completely new document drafted and agreed in the light of a free association of states and
should not be a series of amendments to a Constitution drafted and agreed by different states in
totally different circumstances. A new Constitution for Borneo (Sarawak & Sabah) was of course
essential.
Point 4: Head of Federation. The Head of State in Borneo (Sarawak & Sabah) should not be
eligible for election as Head of the Federation

Point 5: Name of Federation. Malaysia but not Melayu Raya


Point 6: Immigration. Control over immigration into any part of Malaysia from outside should
rest with the Central Government but entry into Borneo (Sarawak & Sabah) should also require
the approval of the State Government. The Federal Government should not be able to veto the
entry of persons into Borneo (Sarawak & Sabah) for State Government purposes except on
strictly security grounds. Borneo (Sarawak & Sabah) should have unfettered control over the
movements of persons other than those in Federal Government employ from other parts of
Malaysia Borneo (Sarawak & Sabah).

References:

1). http://sejarahstpmkertas2.blogspot.com/2010/11/perjanjian-malaysia-1963-20-perkara.html
2). http://themalaysiapage.com/about-malaysia/malaysia-today

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